LIST OF PRACTICALS

CGMA LAB (BCA-405)

S.NO. AIM
1 Write a program to draw a line using DDA algorithm
2 Write a program to draw a line through Bresenham’s Algorithm
3 Write a program to draw a circle using mid-point algorithm
4 Write a program to draw an Ellipse using Mid-Point algorithm
5 Write a program to handle mouse
6 Write a program to create simple car shape
7 Write a program to show line clipping
8 Write a program to translate a line
9 Write a program to scale a line
10 Write a program to rotate a line
11 Write a program to handle screen
12 Write a program to draw circle of circles
13 Write a program to draw pie chart
14 Write a program to draw a bar chart
15 Write a program for 3D translation
16 Write a program for 3D scaling
17 Write a program for 3D rotation
18 WAP for 4-connected flood fill
19 WAP for 8-connected flood fill
20 WAP for 4-connected Boundary fill
21 WAP for 8-connected Boundary fill
22 Write a program for polygon filling
23 Write a program for man walking
24 Write a program for moving circle in different directions
25 Write a program for windmill rotation
26 Write a program for countdown
27 Write a program for rotation of wheel
28 Write a program for event handling through mouse
29 Write a program for moving car
30 Write a program to simulate a man walking in rain
 1. WAP TO DRAW A LINE USING DDA ALGORITHM.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x,y,x1,x2,y1,y2,k,dx,dy,s,xi,yi;
int gdriver=DETECT,gmode;
initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"C:\\tc\\bgi:");
printf("enter first point");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("enter second point");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
x=x1;
y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,7);
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
if(abs(dx)>abs(dy)) s=abs(dx);
else
s=abs(dy);
xi=dx/s;
yi=dy/s;
x=x1;
y=y1;
putpixel(x,y,7);
for(k=0;k<s;k++)
x=x+xi;
y=y+yi;
putpixel(x,y,7);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

2. WAP TO DRAW A LINE USING BRESENHAM’S ALGORITHM.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x,y,x1,y1,x2,y2,p,dx,dy;
int gdriver=DETECT,gmode;
initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"C:\\tc\\BGI:");
printf("\nEnter the x-coordinate of the first point ::");
scanf("%d",&x1);
printf("\nEnter the y-coordinate of the first point ::");
scanf("%d",&y1);
printf("\nEnter the x-coordinate of the second point ::");
scanf("%d",&x2);
printf("\nEnter the y-coordinate of the second
point ::"); scanf("%d",&y2);
x=x
1;
y=y
1;
dx=
x2-
x1;
dy=
 y2-
y1;
putpixel(
x,y,2);
p=(2dy-
dx);
while(x<
=x2) {
i
f
(
p
<
0
)
{
x=x+1;
p=2*x-dx;
}
else
{
x=x+1;
y=y+1;
p=p+2*dy;
}
putpixel(x,y,7);
}
getch();
closegraph();

3. WAP to draw a circle using mid-point algorithm

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <conio.h>

void circleMidpoint(int, int, int);

void drawCircle(int, int, int, int);

void main()
{
int xc, yc, r;
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");

printf("Enter center coordinates of circle: ");

scanf("%d %d", &xc, &yc);

printf("Enter radius of circle: ");

scanf("%d", &r);

circleMidpoint(xc, yc, r);

getch();
}

void circleMidpoint(int xc, int yc, int r)

{
int x = 0, y = r;
int p = 1 - r;

while (x < y)
{
drawCircle(xc, yc, x, y);
x++;
if (p < 0)
p = p + 2 * x + 1;
else
{
y--;
p = p + 2 * (x - y) + 1;
}
drawCircle(xc, yc, x, y);
delay(50);
}
}
void drawCircle(int xc, int yc, int x, int y)
{
putpixel(xc+x, yc+y, RED);
putpixel(xc-x, yc+y, RED);
putpixel(xc+x, yc-y, RED);
putpixel(xc-x, yc-y, RED);
putpixel(xc+y, yc+x, RED);
putpixel(xc-y, yc+x, RED);
putpixel(xc+y, yc-x, RED);
putpixel(xc-y, yc-x, RED);
}

4. WAP to draw an ellipse using mid-point algorithm

#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <conio.h>
void ellipseMidpoint(float, float, float, float);
void drawEllipse(float, float, float, float);
void main()
{
float xc, yc, rx, ry;
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("\nEnter the center coordinates of ellipse: ");
scanf("%f %f", &xc, &yc);
printf("\nEnter x-radius coordinate: ");
scanf("%f", &rx);
printf("\nEnter y-radius coordiante: ");
scanf("%f", &ry);
ellipseMidpoint(xc, yc, rx, ry);
getch();
}
void ellipseMidpoint(float xc, float yc, float rx, float ry)
{
float rxSq = rx * rx;
float rySq = ry * ry;
float x = 0, y = ry, p;
float px = 0, py = 2 * rxSq * y;

drawEllipse(xc, yc, x, y);

//Region 1
p = rySq - (rxSq * ry) + (0.25 * rxSq);
while (px < py)
{
x++;
px = px + 2 * rySq;
if (p < 0)
p = p + rySq + px;
else
{
y--;
py = py - 2 * rxSq;
p = p + rySq + px - py;
}
drawEllipse(xc, yc, x, y);
delay(30);
}
//Region 2
p = rySq*(x+0.5)*(x+0.5) + rxSq*(y-1)*(y-1) - rxSq*rySq;
while (y > 0)
{
y--;
py = py - 2 * rxSq;
if (p > 0)
p = p + rxSq - py;
else
{
x++;
px = px + 2 * rySq;
p = p + rxSq - py + px;
}
drawEllipse(xc, yc, x, y);
delay(30);
}
}
void drawEllipse(float xc, float yc, float x, float y)
{
putpixel(xc+x, yc+y, RED);
putpixel(xc-x, yc+y, RED);
putpixel(xc+x, yc-y, RED);
putpixel(xc-x, yc-y, RED);
}

5. WAP to handle mouse

#include <graphics.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>

union REGS i,o;

void show_mouse()
{
 i.x.ax=1;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}

void hide_mouse()
{
i.x.ax=2;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}
void get_mouse_pos(int *x,int *y,int *button)
{
i.x.ax=3;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
*x=o.x.cx;
*y=o.x.dx;
*button=o.x.bx&1;
}
void detect_mouse()
{
int button;
while (!kbhit () )
{
i.x.ax = 3;
int86 (0X33,&i,&o);
button=o.x.bx&7;
switch(button)
{
case 1:
printf("left button pressed\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("right button pressed\n");
break;
case 4:
printf("middle button pressed\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("left and right button pressed\n");
break;
case 5:
printf("left and middle button pressed\n");
break;
case 6:
printf("right and middle button pressed\n");
break;
case 7:
printf("all the three buttons pressed\n");
 break;
default:
printf("No button pressed\n");
}
delay (200);
}
}

void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode,button,x1,y1,x2,y2;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
detect_mouse ();
outtextxy(230,400,"Press any key to exit....");
while(!kbhit())
{
show_mouse();
get_mouse_pos(&x1,&y1,&button);
x2=x1;
y2=y1;
while(button==1)
{
hide_mouse();
line(x1,y1,x2,y2) ;
x1=x2;
y1=y2;
get_mouse_pos(&x2,&y2,&button);
}
}
getch();

6. WAP to create simple car shape

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
cleardevice();
line( 150, 100, 242, 100);
 ellipse(242, 105, 0, 90, 10, 5);
line(150, 100, 120, 150);
line(252, 105, 280, 150);
line(100, 150, 320, 150);
line(100, 150, 100, 200);
line(320,150,320,200);
line(100, 200, 110, 200);
line( 320, 200, 310, 200);
arc(130, 200, 0, 180, 20);
arc( 290, 200, 0, 180, 20);
line( 270, 200, 150, 200);
circle(130, 200, 17);
circle(290, 200, 17);
getch();
}

7. WAP to show line clipping

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
float i,xmax,ymax,xmin,ymin,x1,y1,x2,y2,m;
float start[4],end[4],code[4];
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
printf("\n\tPlease enter the bottom left co-ordinate of viewport: ");
scanf("%f %f",&xmin,&ymin);
printf("\n\tPlease enter the top right co-ordinate of viewport: ");
scanf("%f %f",&xmax,&ymax);
printf("\nPlease enter the co-ordinates for starting point of line: ");
scanf("%f %f",&x1,&y1);
printf("\nPlease enter the co-ordinates for ending point of line: ");
scanf("%f %f",&x2,&y2);
for(i=0;i <4;i++)

{
start[i]=0;
end[i]=0;
}
m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1);
if(x1 <xmin) start[0]=1;
if(x1 >xmax) start[1]=1;
if(y1 >ymax) start[2]=1;
if(y1 <ymin) start[3]=1;
if(x2 <xmin) end[0]=1;
if(x2 >xmax) end[1]=1;
if(y2 >ymax) end[2]=1;
if(y2 <ymin) end[3]=1;
for(i=0;i <4;i++)

code[i]=start[i]&&end[i];

if((code[0]==0)&&(code[1]==0)&&(code[2]==0)&&(code[3]==0))
{
if((start[0]==0)&&(start[1]==0)&&(start[2]==0)&&(start[3]==0)&&(end[0]==0)&&(end[1]==0
)&&(end[2]==0)&&(end[3]==0))
{
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tThe line is totally visible\n\t\tand not a clipping candidate");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}
else
{
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tLine is partially visible");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();

if((start[2]==0)&&(start[3]==1))
{
x1=x1+(ymin-y1)/m;
y1=ymin;
}
if((end[2]==0)&&(end[3]==1))
{
x2=x2+(ymin-y2)/m;
y2=ymin;
}
if((start[2]==1)&&(start[3]==0))
{
x1=x1+(ymax-y1)/m;
y1=ymax;
}
if((end[2]==1)&&(end[3]==0))
{
x2=x2+(ymax-y2)/m;
 y2=ymax;
}
if((start[1]==0)&&(start[0]==1))
{
y1=y1+m*(xmin-x1);
x1=xmin;
}
if((end[1]==0)&&(end[0]==1))
{
y2=y2+m*(xmin-x2);
x2=xmin;
}
if((start[1]==1)&&(start[0]==0))
{
y1=y1+m*(xmax-x1);
x1=xmax;
}
if((end[1]==1)&&(end[0]==0))
{
y2=y2+m*(xmax-x2);
x2=xmax;
}

clrscr();
cleardevice();
printf("\n\t\tAfter clippling:");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
}
}
else
{
clrscr();
cleardevice();
printf("\nLine is invisible");
rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

8. WAP to translate a line

#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>

void main()
{
int graphdriver=DETECT,graphmode,errorcode;
int i;
int x2,y2,x1,y1,x,y;
initgraph(&graphdriver,&graphmode,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("Enter the 2 line end points:");
printf("x1,y1,x2,y2");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
setcolor(2);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

printf("Enter translation co-ordinates ");

printf("x,y");
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
x1=x1+x;
y1=y1+y;
x2=x2+x;
y2=y2+y;
printf("Line after translation");
setcolor(3);
setbkcolor(4);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

getch();
closegraph();
}

9. WAP to scale a line

#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>

void main()
{
int graphdriver=DETECT,graphmode,errorcode;
int i;
int x2,y2,x1,y1,x,y;
initgraph(&graphdriver,&graphmode,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("Enter the 2 line end points:");
printf("x1,y1,x2,y2");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);

setcolor(2);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

printf("Enter scaling co-ordinates ");

printf("x,y");
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);

x1=(x1*x);
y1=(y1*y);
x2=(x2*x);
y2=(y2*y);

printf("Line after scaling");

setbkcolor(4);
setcolor(3);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

getch();
closegraph();
}

10. WAP to rotate a line

#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int graphdriver=DETECT,graphmode,errorcode;
int i;
int x2,y2,x1,y1,x,y,xn,yn;
double r11,r12,r21,r22,th;
clrscr();
initgraph(&graphdriver,&graphmode,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("Enter the 2 line end points:");
printf("x1,y1,x2,y2");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
printf("\n\n\n[ Enter the angle");
scanf("%lf",&th);
r11=cos((th*3.1428)/180);
r12=sin((th*3.1428)/180);
r21=(-sin((th*3.1428)/180));
r22=cos((th*3.1428)/180);
//printf("%lf %lf %lf %lf",r11,r12,r21,r22);
xn=((x2*r11)-(y2*r12));
yn=((x2*r12)+(y2*r11));
line(x1,y1,xn,yn);
getch();
closegraph();
}

11. WAP to handle screen

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

void main()
{
textmode(C80);
textbackground(GREEN);
textcolor(BLUE);
int choice;

clrscr();

cout<<"\n\n\n \t\t\t -------------------------------------"<<endl;

cout<<"\t\t\t Hello Welcome to Agrohi Hospital "<<endl;
cout<<" \t\t\t -------------------------------------"<<endl;
sleep(5);

while(choice !=6)
{
cout<<" \t 1. Dr Arun Agrohi \n \t 2. Dr (Ms) Anju Agrohi \n\t 3. Dr Vineet Sirohi \n\t 4. Dr
Naveen Sahagal \n\t 5. Dr JV Chikara \n\t 6. Exit "<<endl;
cout<<"\n\n\t\t\tEnter Your Choice !!"<<endl;
cin>>choice;
switch(choice)
{
case 1: clrscr();
cout<<"\n \t\t Case -1 "<<endl;
 break;

case 2: clrscr();
cout<<"\n \t\t Case -2 "<<endl;
break;
case 3: clrscr();
cout<<"\n \t\t Case -3 "<<endl;
break;
case 4: clrscr();
cout<<"\n \t\t Case -4 "<<endl;
break;
case 5: clrscr();
cout<<"\n \t\t Case -5 "<<endl;
break;
case 6: clrscr();
exit(0);
default: clrscr();
cout<<"Entered Wrong Choice !"<<endl;
break;

}
}

getch();
}

12. WAP to draw circle of circles

#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>

main()
{
int gd = DETECT, gm, x, y, color, angle = 0;
struct arccoordstype a, b;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TDM-GCC-64\\BGI");

//while(angle<=360)
// {
setcolor(BLACK);
arc(getmaxx()/2,getmaxy()/2,angle,angle+2,100);
setcolor(RED);
getarccoords(&a);
 circle(a.xstart,a.ystart,25);

// setcolor(BLACK);
// arc(getmaxx()/2,getmaxy()/2,angle,angle+2,150);
// getarccoords(&a);
// setcolor(GREEN);
// circle(a.xstart,a.ystart,50);
// angle = angle+5;
// delay(100);
// }

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

13. WAP to draw a pie chart

#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm, x, y;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TC\\BGI");

settextstyle(BOLD_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,2);
outtextxy(220,10,"PIE CHART");
/* Setting cordinate of center of circle */
x = getmaxx()/2;
y = getmaxy()/2;

settextstyle(SANS_SERIF_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,1);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, RED);
pieslice(x, y, 0, 60, 120);
outtextxy(x + 140, y - 70, "FOOD");

setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, YELLOW);
pieslice(x, y, 60, 160, 120);
outtextxy(x - 30, y - 170, "RENT");

setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, GREEN);
pieslice(x, y, 160, 220, 120);
outtextxy(x - 250, y, "ELECTRICITY");

setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, BROWN);
 pieslice(x, y, 220, 360, 120);
outtextxy(x, y + 150, "SAVINGS");

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

Program Output
 14. WAP to draw a bar chart

#include <graphics.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "X:\\TC\\BGI");

settextstyle(BOLD_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,2);
outtextxy(275,0,"BAR GRAPH");

setlinestyle(SOLID_LINE,0,2);
/* Draw X and Y Axis */
line(90,410,90,50);
line(90,410,590,410);
line(85,60,90,50);
line(95,60,90,50);
line(585,405,590,410);
line(585,415,590,410);

outtextxy(65,60,"Y");
outtextxy(570,420,"X");
outtextxy(70,415,"O");
/* Draw bars on screen */
setfillstyle(XHATCH_FILL, RED);
bar(150,80,200,410);
bar(225,100,275,410);
bar(300,120,350,410);
bar(375,170,425,410);
bar(450,135,500,410);

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

15. WAP for 3D translation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<process.h>
#include<graphics.h>
int x1,x2,y1,y2,mx,my,depth;
void draw();
void trans();
void main()
{

int gd=DETECT,gm,c;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
printf("\n\t\t3D Translation\n\n");
printf("\nEnter 1st top value(x1,y1):");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("Enter right bottom value(x2,y2):");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
depth=(x2-x1)/4;
mx=(x1+x2)/2;
my=(y1+y2)/2;
draw();
getch();
cleardevice();
trans();
getch();

}
void draw()
{
bar3d(x1,y1,x2,y2,depth,1);
}
void trans()
{

int a1,a2,b1,b2,dep,x,y;
printf("\n Enter the Translation Distances:");
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
a1=x1+x;
a2=x2+x;
b1=y1+y;
b2=y2+y;
dep=(a2-a1)/4;
bar3d(a1,b1,a2,b2,dep,1);
setcolor(5);
draw();
 16. WAP for 3D scaling

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<process.h>
#include<graphics.h>
int x1,x2,y1,y2,mx,my,depth;
void draw();
void scale();
void main()
{

int gd=DETECT,gm,c;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
printf("\n\t\t3D Scaling\n\n"); printf("\
nEnter 1st top value(x1,y1):"); scanf("%d
%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("Enter right bottom value(x2,y2):");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
depth=(x2-x1)/4;
mx=(x1+x2)/2;
my=(y1+y2)/2;
draw();
getch();
cleardevice();
scale();
getch();
}
void draw()
{
bar3d(x1,y1,x2,y2,depth,1);
}
void scale()
{
int x,y,a1,a2,b1,b2,dep;
printf("\n\n Enter scaling Factors:");
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
a1=mx+(x1-mx)*x;
a2=mx+(x2-mx)*x;
b1=my+(y1-my)*y;
b2=my+(y2-my)*y;
dep=(a2-a1)/4;
bar3d(a1,b1,a2,b2,dep,1);
setcolor(5);
draw();
}
17. WAP for 3D rotation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
int x1,x2,y1,y2,mx,my,depth;
void draw();
void rotate();
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,c;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
printf("\n3D Transformation Rotating\n\n");
printf("\nEnter 1st top value(x1,y1):");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("Enter right bottom value(x2,y2):");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
depth=(x2-x1)/4;
mx=(x1+x2)/2;
my=(y1+y2)/2;
draw(); getch();
cleardevice();
rotate();
getch();
}
void draw()
{
bar3d(x1,y1,x2,y2,depth,1);
}
void rotate()
{
float t;
int a1,b1,a2,b2,dep;
printf("Enter the angle to rotate=");
scanf("%f",&t);
t=t*(3.14/180);
a1=mx+(x1-mx)*cos(t)-(y1-my)*sin(t);
a2=mx+(x2-mx)*cos(t)-(y2-my)*sin(t);
b1=my+(x1-mx)*sin(t)-(y1-my)*cos(t);
b2=my+(x2-mx)*sin(t)-(y2-my)*cos(t);
if(a2>a1)
dep=(a2-a1)/4;
else
dep=(a1-a2)/4;
 bar3d(a1,b1,a2,b2,dep,1); setcolor(5);
}

18. WAP for 4-connected flood fill

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.
h> #include<dos.h>

void flood(int,int,int,int);

void
main() {
int gd,gm=DETECT;
clrscr();
detectgraph(&gd,&g
m);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\
BGI"); rectangle(50,50,100,100);
flood(55,55,9,0);
getch()
;}

void flood(int x,int y, int fill_col, int

old_col) {
if(getpixel(x,y)==old_c
ol) {
delay(10);
putpixel(x,y,fill_col);
flood(x+1,y,fill_col,old_co
l); flood(x-
1,y,fill_col,old_col);
flood(x,y+1,fill_col,old_co
l); flood(x,y-
1,fill_col,old_col);
}
}
19. WAP for 8-connected flood fill

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.
h> #include<dos.h>
void
flood(int,int,int,int);
void main()
{
int gd,gm=DETECT;
clrscr();
detectgraph(&gd,&g
m);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\
BGI"); rectangle(50,50,100,100);
flood(55,55,12,0);
getch()
;}
void flood(int x,int y, int fill_col, int
old_col) {
if(getpixel(x,y)==old_c
ol) {
delay(10);
putpixel(x,y,fill_col);
flood(x+1,y,fill_col,old_co
l); flood(x-
1,y,fill_col,old_col);
flood(x,y+1,fill_col,old_co
l); flood(x,y-
1,fill_col,old_col);
flood(x + 1, y - 1, fill_col,
old_col); flood(x + 1, y + 1,
fill_col, old_col); flood(x - 1, y -
1, fill_col, old_col); flood(x - 1,
y + 1, fill_col, old_col);
}
}
20. WAP for 4-connected Boundary fill

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.
h> #include<dos.h>
void boundary_fill(int x, int y, int fcolor, int
bcolor) {
if ((getpixel(x, y) != bcolor) && (getpixel(x, y) != fcolor))
{ delay(10);
putpixel(x, y,
fcolor);
boundary_fill(x + 1, y, fcolor,
bcolor); boundary_fill(x - 1, y,
fcolor, bcolor); boundary_fill(x, y
}
+ 1, fcolor, bcolor);
}
boundary_fill(x, y - 1, fcolor, bcolor);
void
main()
{
int x, y, fcolor,
bcolor; int
gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TurboC3\\
BGI"); printf("Enter the seed point (x,y)
: "); scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
printf("Enter boundary color :
"); scanf("%d", &bcolor);
printf("Enter new color : ");
scanf("%d", &fcolor);
circle(100,200,45);
boundary_fill(x,y,fcolor,bcolor
); getch();
}
 21. WAP for 8-connected Boundary fill

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.
h> #include<dos.h>
void boundary_fill(int x, int y, int fcolor, int
bcolor) {

if ((getpixel(x, y) != bcolor) && (getpixel(x, y) !=

fcolor)) { delay(10);
putpixel(x, y, fcolor);
boundary_fill(x + 1, y, fcolor,
bcolor); boundary_fill(x , y+1, fcolor,
bcolor); boundary_fill(x+1, y + 1,
fcolor, bcolor); boundary_fill(x-1, y -
1, fcolor, bcolor); boundary_fill(x-1,
y, fcolor, bcolor); boundary_fill(x , y-
1, fcolor, bcolor); boundary_fill(x-1,
y + 1, fcolor, bcolor);
boundary_fill(x+1, y - 1, fcolor,
bcolor);

}
}
void
main() {
int x, y, fcolor,
bcolor; int
gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TurboC3\\
BGI"); printf("Enter the seed point (x,y)
: "); scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
printf("Enter boundary color :
"); scanf("%d", &bcolor);
printf("Enter new color : ");
scanf("%d", &fcolor);
rectangle(50,50,100,100);
boundary_fill(x,y,fcolor,bcolor
); getch();
}

22. WAP for polygon filling

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
main()
{

int n,i,j,k,gd,gm,dy,dx;
int x,y,temp;
int a[20][2],xi[20];
float slope[20];

clrscr();
printf("\n\n\tEnter the no. of edges of polygon : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n\n\tEnter the cordinates of polygon :\n\n\n ");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\tX%d Y%d : ",i,i);
scanf("%d %d",&a[i][0],&a[i][1]);
}

a[n][0]=a[0][0];
a[n][1]=a[0][1];

detectgraph(&gd,&gm);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");

/*- draw polygon -*/

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
line(a[i][0],a[i][1],a[i+1][0],a[i+1][1]);
}

getch();

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
dy=a[i+1][1]-a[i][1];
dx=a[i+1][0]-a[i][0];

if(dy==0) slope[i]=1.0;
if(dx==0) slope[i]=0.0;

if((dy!=0)&&(dx!=0)) /*- calculate inverse slope -*/

{
slope[i]=(float) dx/dy;
}
}

for(y=0;y< 480;y++)
{
k=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{

if( ((a[i][1]<=y)&&(a[i+1][1]>y))||
((a[i][1]>y)&&(a[i+1][1]<=y)))
{
xi[k]=(int)(a[i][0]+slope[i]*(y-a[i][1]));
k++;
}
}

for(j=0;j<k-1;j++) /*- Arrange x-intersections in order -*/

for(i=0;i<k-1;i++)
{
if(xi[i]>xi[i+1])
{
temp=xi[i];
xi[i]=xi[i+1];
xi[i+1]=temp;
}
}

setcolor(35);
for(i=0;i<k;i+=2)
{
line(xi[i],y,xi[i+1]+1,y);
getch();
}

23. WAP for man walking

#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h
> void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\
BGI"); //creation of man object by using
circle,line. setcolor(7);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,10);
circle(50,50,30); // drawing
head floodfill(52,52,7);
setcolor(13);
line(50,80,50,200); //drawing
body line(50,110,20,140); //left
hand line(50,110,80,140);
//right hand
line(50,200,20,230); //left leg
line(50,200,80,230); //right leg
// for loop for moving
man
for(i=50;i<=getmaxx();i+
+) {
setcolor(7);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,10);
circle(i,50,30); // drawing
head floodfill(i+2,52,7);
setcolor(13);
line(i,80,i,200); //drawing
body line(i,110,i-30,140);
//left hand
line(i,110,i+30,140); //right
hand line(i,200,i-30,230);
//left leg line(i,200,i+30,230);
//right leg cleardevice();
delay(10)
;}
//doing simple animation using
translation for(i=50;i<=getmaxx()/2;i+
+)
{
setcolor(7);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,10);
circle(i,50,30); // drawing
head floodfill(i+2,52,7);
setcolor(13);
line(i,80,i,200); //drawing
body line(i,110,i-30,140);
//left hand
line(i,110,i+30,140); //right
hand line(i,200,i-30,230);
//left leg line(i,200,i+30,230);
//right leg cleardevice();
delay(10);
}
 getch()
;}

24. Write a program for moving circle in different directions

#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h
> #include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
//for moving circle from left to right,the following loop works
for(i=50;i<=getmaxx();i++)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,9);
circle(50+i,50,50);
floodfill(52+i,52,3); delay(20);
cleardevice(); }
//for moving circle from right to left, the following loop works
for(i=getmaxy();i>=0;i--)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID
_FILL,9);
circle(i,50,50);
floodfill(i+2,52,3);
delay(20);
cleard
evice();
}
//for moving circle from top to bottom,the
following loop works for(i=50;i<=getmaxy();i++)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID
_FILL,9);
circle(50,i,50);
floodfill(52,i+2,3);
delay(20);
cleard
evice();
}
//for moving circle from bottom to top,the
following loop works for(i=getmaxy();i>=0;i--)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID
_FILL,9);
circle(50,i,50);
floodfill(52,i+2,3);
delay(20);
cleard
evice();
}
//for moving circle in diagonal direction,the
following loop works for(i=50;i<=getmaxx();i++)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID
_FILL,9);
circle(i,i,50);
floodfill(i+2,i+2,3)
; delay(20);
 cleard
evice();
}
//for moving circle in reverse diagonal direction,the
following loop works for(i=getmaxx();i>=0;i--)
{
setcolor(3);
setfillstyle(SOLID
_FILL,9);
circle(i,i,50);
floodfill(i+2,i+2,3)
; delay(20);
cleard
evice();
}

g
e
t
c
h
(
)
;

25. Write a program for windmill rotation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.
h>
#include<math.h>
void wind(float
x[7],float y[7]);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
float
x[7],y[7],maxx,maxy,xw1,yw
1,xw2,yw2; float theta=30;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\
TurboC3\\BGI");
maxx=getmaxx();
maxy
=get
maxy
();
x[0]=
maxx
/2;
y[0]=
maxy
/2;
x[1]=
y[4]=
x[2]=
-90;
y[6]=
y[5]=
y[1]=
60;
y[2]=
35;
y
[
3
]
=
-
1
0
0
;

x
[
4
]
=
2
0
;

x
[
3
]
=
0
;

x
[
5
]
=
9
0
;

x
[
6
]
=
6
5
;
theta=th
eta*22/7
/180;
while(kb
hit()==0)
{
wind(x,y);
xw1=cos(theta)*x[1]+s
in(theta)*y[1]; yw1=-
sin(theta)*x[1]+cos(th
eta)*y[1];
xw2=cos(theta)*x[2]+s
in(theta)*y[2]; yw2=-
sin(theta)*x[2]+cos(th
eta)*y[2]; x[1]=xw1;
y[1]=yw1;
x[2]=xw2;
y[2]=yw2;
xw1=cos(theta)*x[3]+s
in(theta)*y[3];
yw1=-
sin(theta)*x[3]+cos(th
eta)*y[3];
xw2=cos(theta)*x[4]+s
in(theta)*y[4]; yw2=-
sin(theta)*x[4]+cos(th
eta)*y[4]; x[3]=xw1;
y
[
3
]
=
y
w
1
;

x
[
4
]
=
x
w
2
;

y
[
4
]
=
y
w
2
;
xw1=cos(theta)*x[5]+s
in(theta)*y[5]; yw1=-
sin(theta)*x[5]+cos(th
eta)*y[5];
xw2=cos(theta)*x[6]+s
in(theta)*y[6]; yw2=-
sin(theta)*x[6]+cos(th
eta)*y[6]; x[5]=xw1;
 y
[
5
]
=
y
w
1
;

x
[
6
]
=
x
w
2
;

y
[
6
]
=
y
w
2
;
d
e
l
a
y
(
5
0
)
;
c
l
e
a
r
 d
e
v
i
c
e
(
)
;
}

closegraph();
}

void wind(float
x[7],float y[7])
{
cleardevice();
line(x[0],y[0],x[0
]-50,y[0]+200);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+50,y[
0]+200); line(x[0]-
60,y[0]+200,x[0]+60,y[0]
+200);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[1],y
[0]-y[1]);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[2],y
[0]-y[2]);
line(x[0]+x[1],y[0]-
y[1],x[0]+x[2],y[0]-y[2]);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[3],y[0]
-y[3]);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[4],y[0]
-y[4]); line(x[0]+x[3],y[0]-
y[3],x[0]+x[4],y[0]-y[4]);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[5],y[0]
-y[5]);
line(x[0],y[0],x[0]+x[6],y[0]
-y[6]); line(x[0]+x[5],y[0]-
y[5],x[0]+x[6],y[0]-y[6]);
}
 26. WAP for countdown

#include <graphics.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main()
{
int gd = DETECT, gm, i;
char a[5];

initgraph( &gd, &gm, "C:\\TC\\BGI");

settextjustify( CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT );

settextstyle(DEFAULT_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,3);
setcolor(RED);

for (i = 30; i >=0; i--)

{
sprintf(a,"%d",i);
outtextxy(getmaxx()/2, getmaxy()/2, a);
delay(1000);

if ( i == 0 )
break;
cleardevice();
}

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

27. WAP for rotation of wheels

#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#define N getmaxy()
#define Radius 40
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;

//xc,yc coordinate of center

//i for loop iteration
int i,xc,yc;

//rx1,ry1,sep used for wheel's cross

int rx1,ry1,sep;

//change bgi directory according to your's

initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");

//initialise yc it is constant
yc=getmaxy()/2-Radius;
i=0;

//loop stops when keyboard key down or i>=N

//kbhit checks whether keyboard pressed or not

while(i<N&&!kbhit())
{

//increment xc for moving the wheel

xc=i;
delay(50);

//clear previous screen

clearviewport();

//represent road or some ground as stright line

line(0,getmaxy()/2,getmaxx(),getmaxy()/2);

//draw wheel
circle(xc,yc,Radius);

//following if else block draws

//wheel cross in two arrangments shows alternatively
if(i%2==0)
{
line(xc,yc+Radius,xc,yc-Radius);
line(xc-Radius,yc,xc+Radius,yc);
}
else
{
 rx1=xc-(Radius/sqrt(2));
ry1=yc-(Radius/sqrt(2));
sep=sqrt(2)*Radius;
line(rx1,ry1,rx1+sep,ry1+sep);
line(rx1,ry1+sep,rx1+sep,ry1);
}

//increment i
i+=3;
}
}

28. Write a program for event handling through mouse

#include <graphics.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>

union REGS i,o;

void function1()
{
gotoxy(50,50);printf(" Function 1 Called.");
}

void function2()
{
gotoxy(100,100); printf(" Function 2 Called.");
}

void show_mouse()
{
i.x.ax=1;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}

void get_mouse_pos(int *x,int *y,int *b)

{
i.x.ax=3;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
*x=o.x.cx;
*y=o.x.dx;
*b=o.x.bx&1;
 }

void main()
{

int gdriver = DETECT,gmode,x1,y1,x,y,b;

initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");

rectangle(100,200,140,230);
rectangle(150,200,190,230);
show_mouse();
while(!kbhit())
{
get_mouse_pos(&x,&y,&b);

if(b==1)
{
for(x1=100;x1<=140;x1++)
for(y1=200;y1<=230;y1++)
if( x==x1 && y==y1)
function1();

for(x1=150;x1<=190;x1++)
for(y1=200;y1<=230;y1++)
if( x==x1 && y==y1)
function2();
}
delay(100);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

29. WAP for moving car

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<dos.h>

void main()
{
clrscr();
int gd=DETECT,gm,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\turboC3\\BGI");
//setbkcolor(RED);
line(0,390,639,390); //road
i=0;
while(!kbhit())
//for(int i=0;i<500;i++)
{
/*CAR BODY*/
setcolor(YELLOW);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);

line(50+i,370,90+i,370);
arc(110+i,370,0,180,20);
line(130+i,370,220+i,370);
arc(240+i,370,0,180,20);
line(260+i,370,300+i,370);
line(300+i,370,300+i,350);
line(300+i,350,240+i,330);
line(240+i,330,200+i,300);
line(200+i,300,110+i,300);
line(110+i,300,80+i,330);
line(80+i,330,50+i,340);
line(50+i,340,50+i,370);

/*CAR WINDIOW FRONT*/

line(165+i,305,165+i,330);
line(165+i,330,230+i,330);
line(230+i,330,195+i,305);
line(195+i,305,165+i,305);

/*CAR WINDOW BACK*/

line(160+i,305,160+i,330);
line(160+i,330,100+i,330);
line(95+i,330,120+i,305);
line(120+i,305,160+i,305);

/*CAR WHEEL*/
setcolor(YELLOW);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);
circle(110+i,370,17);
floodfill(110+i,370,YELLOW);
circle(240+i,370,17);
floodfill(240+i,370,YELLOW);

delay(10);
cleardevice();
line(0,390,639,390);
i++;
}
getch();
//return0;

30. WAP to simulate a man walking in rain

#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>

#define ScreenWidth getmaxx()

#define ScreenHeight getmaxy()
#define GroundY ScreenHeight*0.75

int ldisp=0;

void DrawManAndUmbrella(int x,int ldisp)

{
//head
circle(x,GroundY-90,10);
line(x,GroundY-80,x,GroundY-30);
//hand
line(x,GroundY-70,x+10,GroundY-60);
line(x,GroundY-65,x+10,GroundY-55);
line(x+10,GroundY-60,x+20,GroundY-70);
line(x+10,GroundY-55,x+20,GroundY-70);
//legs
line(x,GroundY-30,x+ldisp,GroundY);
line(x,GroundY-30,x-ldisp,GroundY);
//umbrella
pieslice(x+20,GroundY-120,0,180,40);
line(x+20,GroundY-120,x+20,GroundY-70);
}

void Rain(int x)
{
int i,rx,ry;
for(i=0;i<400;i++)
{
rx=rand() % ScreenWidth;
ry=rand() % ScreenHeight;
if(ry<GroundY-4)
{
if(ry<GroundY-120 || (ry>GroundY-120 && (rx<x-20 ||
rx>x+60)))
line(rx,ry,rx+0.5,ry+4);
}
}
}
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x=0;
//Change BGI directory according to yours
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TurboC3\\BGI");
while(!kbhit())
{
//Draw Ground
line(0,GroundY,ScreenWidth,GroundY);
Rain(x);
ldisp=(ldisp+2)%20;
DrawManAndUmbrella(x,ldisp);
delay(75);
cleardevice();
x=(x+2)%ScreenWidth;
}
getch();
}

Output