E1-E2 - Text - Chapter 3. BROADBAND - MULTIPLAY

E1-E2 CFA Broadband & Multiplay
3 BROADBAND & MULTIPLAY

3.1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Broadband, Definition & Advantages

 Wired Broadband Technologies
 Broadband Multiplay – Components & Architecture
 Broadband Multiplay Services
3.2 WHAT IS BROADBAND?

TRAI has defined Broadband as an always on data connection that is able to
support interactive services including internet access and has the capability of minimum
download speed of 512 kbps to an individual subscriber from the point of presence
(POP) of the service provider intending to provide broadband service where multiple
such individual broadband connection are aggregated and the subscriber is able to
access these interactive services including the internet through this POP. The interactive
services will exclude any service for which a separate license is specifically required,
for example, real time voice transmission, except to the extent that it is presently
permitted under ISP license with Internet telephony.
3.3 ADVANTAGES OF BROADBAND

• Always on (Not on shared media)
• Fast (> 512 kbps )
• No disconnection
• No additional access charge
• Telephone and Data simultaneously
3.4 WIRED BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES

There are many different types of broadband access technologies. Each of these
technologies can compete to provide similar services to consumers and businesses.
• Digital Subscriber Line (DSL, given over copper loop of Telecom

operators)
• Cable Modem (CM, Given over cable TV operators coaxial cable network)
• Power Line Broadband (BPL, Over Power lines)
• Fiber technology
3.5 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL)

Digital Subscriber line (DSL) is a wire line transmission technology that brings
data and information faster over copper telephone lines already installed in homes and
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For Restricted Circulation
business. Traditional phone service connects your home or business to a telephone

company office via copper wires. A DSL modem accesses the local telephone
company‘s central office where a DSL Access DSLAM then transmits the signal from
the copper telephone line onto a network backbone, and eventually to the Internet. With
high speed Internet access that uses DSL transmission technology, there is no need to
―dial in‖ to a traditional modem. This service allows consumers and business to have an
―always-on‖ dedicated connection to the Internet. The following are types of DSL
transmission technologies that may be used to provide high-speed Internet access.
3.5.1 Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL)

It is used typically for business applications such as video conferencing. The traffic
from the user to the network is upstream traffic, and from the network to the user is
downstream traffic. When the data rate in both directions is equal, it is called a
symmetric service.
3.5.2 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

It is used primarily by residential users who receive a lot of data but do not send much
such as Internet surfers. ADSL provides faster speed in a downstream direction (from
the telephone central office to the customer‘s premises) than upstream (from customer‘s
premise to the telephone central office). When the upstream data rate is lower than the
downstream rate, it is called an asymmetric service.
ADSL STANDARDS
Family Up stream Down stream Maximum range

Rate
ADSL 640 kbps 8 Mbps 5.5 Km
ADSL2 1-1.5 Mbps 12-16 Mbps 5.7 Km
ADSL2 + 1 Mbps 26 Mbps 5.7 Km
3.5.3 High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)

It provides fixed symmetrical high-speed access at T1 rate (1.5 mbps), and is designed
for business purposes.
3.5.4 Very High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL)

It provides both symmetrical and asymmetrical access with very high bit rate over the
copper line. Deployment is very limited at this time.

3.6 BSNL’S BROADBAND ACCESS TECHNOLOGY

BSNL Broadband service is built on a world class, multi-gigabit, multi-protocol,
convergent IP infrastructure through National Internet Backbone-II (NIB-II) that
provides convergent services through the same backbone and broadband access
network. In BSNL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) Technology is used for
giving the Broadband connection where greater download is required in comparison to
upload.
3.6.1 For Bsnl Broadband Connection, Customer Needs:

 BSNL‘s Landline connection
 Computer with 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Card
 DSL Modem + Splitter (CPE)
 PPPoE software to be loaded in the Client
 Broadband Account (Username and Password)
3.6.2 Services Offered To Broadband Customers
 Basic Internet Access Service controlled and uncontrolled (512Kbps to
1000Mbps). BSNL has various tariff plans for home and business customers.
 Content Based services: [Video on Demand (VoD), Education, Audio on
Demand (AoD) etc.
 Web conferencing: BSNL has tied up with a franchisee to offer this service.
Toll free number for knowing details is 1800-111-233. BSNL Web
Conferencing Service enables to conduct virtual meetings with business
partners, suppliers, employers etc. It has the innovative feature such as
Persistent meeting rooms, which simulates physical room environment wherein
authorized users can enter their designated rooms the way they do in physical
meetings.
 The users can access the rich features, apart from multi-point, multimedia
(Audio, Video & Data) conferencing service, BSNL web Conferencing service
provides very powerful data conferencing tools to enhance collaboration
among users such as sharing of PowerPoint Presentation, Whiteboard,
Documents, & Chat facility amongst the conference participants, which will
significantly aid in increasing the effectiveness of your business meetings.
BSNL Web Conferencing Service does not require expensive end points; all
that you require are a PC, Web-cam and an ADSL Connection.
 It is ideally suited for users at all levels in large corporate houses, Small and
medium businesses, SOHOs & quality conscious individuals to enhance
collaboration, increase productivity and save costs.
 VPN on broadband.
 Bandwidth on Demand (User and or service configurable)

3.7 WHAT IS BB MULTIPLAY?

The triple play service means providing the following service to the customer: -
 Data (Internet)
 Voice (VoIP and not the PSTN which is already provided on
broadbandalso)
 Video (IPTV, VoD or in general live broadcast and stored
broadcastingusing video streaming protocols)
3.8 COMPONENTS OF BROADBAND MULTIPLAY

The BSNL‘s Broadband multiplay network consists of the following components:
 L3PE (MCR / PE Router of NIB-2 Project 1 – Supplied by HCL).

 BNG – Broadband Network Gateway (Connects Multiplay Network to
NIB2Backbone Project 1, through L3PE).
 RPR (Tier-1 Switch and Tier-2 switches in the ring Provides
connectivityto BNG & vice versa).
 OC LAN Tier-2 Switch.
 DSLAM.
 ADSL CPE.
 DSL Tester.
Figure 22: N/W Architecture Broadband Multiplay

3.8.1 DSLAM
DSL Access Multiplexor or De-multiplexor.

• Supports PPP and ATM for xDSL services.

• Supports GE and FE connectivity for uplink, cascading, and other types of data
connectivity.
• Supports VLAN.
3.8.2 RPR
Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) Switch:
• The traffic from access devices and remote aggregation devices is aggregated in
RPR and forwarded to the Core Network.
• Resilience: Proactive span protection automatically avoids failed span within
50ms.
• Ring Topology gives the scalable option of having more than 100 nodes in a
ring.
• RPR has the ability to differentiate between low & high priority packets.
3.8.3 Broadband Network Gateway(BNG)
• It routes traffic to and from broadband remote access devices DSLAMs /OLTs
on an Internet service provider's (ISP) network.
• It works as Multi Service Edge Router(MSER).
• Service specific logical mini routers are configured in BNG called context or
routing instances.
• BNG maps the traffic coming from access networks elements and forward to
uplink L3PE VLANs IP MPLS Network through corresponding service context.
• Authentication, Authorization and accounting processes happen via radius
servers configured logically in BNG.
3.8.4 Changes In Broadband Multiplay After Broadband
• T1 & T2 changed from star topology to RPR ring topology – High reliability
• IP-DSLAM connected on GE interface as compared to FE interface.
• BNG behaves as a customer edge router whereas BRAS was a PE Router.
• BRAS were present at 23 ―A‖ locations only whereas BNG is present upto
―B‖type cities.

Figure 23: Network Architecture
3.9 SERVICES
 IPTV/ TVoIP
 Video on Demand (VoD)
 Games on Demand (GoD)
IPTV or TVoIP delivers television programming to households via
broadband connection using Internet protocols. It requires a subscription and
IPTV set-top box(STB), this box will connect to the home DSL line and is
responsible for reassembling the packets into a video stream and then decoding the
contents. IPTV is typically bundled with other services like Video on Demand
(VOD), Voice Over IP (VOIP) or digital Phone, and Web access. IPTV viewers will
have full control over functionality such as rewind, fast-forward, pause, and so on.
If you've ever watched a video clip on your computer, you've used an IPTV
system in its broadest sense. The video stream is broken up into IP packets and
dumped into the core network, which is a massive IP network that handles all sorts
of other traffic (data, voice, etc.). VOD (Video on Demand) service allows the
user the luxury of watchingthe movie of his / her choice at his / her convenience.
3.10 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VOD ON BB & VOD ON DTH

In DTH, as it is broadcasting and not communication so the request for VOD has
to be registered through some other mean than the Set top Box say can be through

phone call, SMS or Internet and the same four to five movies are broadcasted and the
viewers have to choose among them only and at predefined timings.
In true VOD, as offered by BSNL, the set-top box behaves just like a DVD
player and viewer can select a movie from the boutique, view it at his / her desired time
and day, pause it, rewind it, forward it or can have the exactly same experience has
viewing from a personalized DVD player. This is only possible because of the two-way
communication between the set-top box and the server. In BSNL one has a choice of
selecting from hundreds of movies while VOD offered by DTH providers may have
only few movies to offer.
3.11 SET-TOP-BOX
The set-top box is a smart solid-state device that acts as the gateway to a host of
services offered on the BSNL Multiplay network. On one side the set-top box interfaces
with the television using the 3-RCA or the S-Video ports, and on the other side it is
connected to broadband ADSL modem via the Ethernet port. BSNL franchisee in Pune
has named the set-top box as WICE Box (Window for Information, Communication and
Entertainment) and supports all sorts of inputs like audio, video, tablet data, text data,
pointer devices etc. it has a USB port and a microphone and headphone jack in addition
to essential ports. In future, it will be possible to connect keyboard, mouse, web cams,
pen-drives and other such devices for various applications that will be provided on the
box. The WICE box is fully upgradeable through the network. This means, any new
application launched will be directly uploaded into WICE box without getting the box
to the service center. All software upgrade will be handled this way.
3.12 VOIP
 The technology used to transmit voice conversations over a data
networkusing the Internet Protocol.
 A category of hardware and software that enables people to use the
Internetas the transmission medium for telephone calls.
 VoIP works through sending voice information in digital form in packets,
 VoIP also is referred to as Internet telephony, IP telephony, or Voice
overthe Internet (VOI)
3.13 CONCLUSION
Broadband Multiplay network provides voice, data and video services, and
hence called multiplay (Multiple Services). Major components CPE, DSLAM,
RPR Switches, monitoring each and every packet and its quality parameters and
accordingly provides services to end users.


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E1-E2 CFA Broadband & Multiplay

3 BROADBAND & MULTIPLAY

 Broadband, Definition & Advantages

3.2 WHAT IS BROADBAND?

3.3 ADVANTAGES OF BROADBAND

3.4 WIRED BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES

• Digital Subscriber Line (DSL, given over copper loop of Telecom

3.5 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL)

E1-E2 CFA Version 3.0 April 2021 Page 40 of 271

business. Traditional phone service connects your home or business to a telephone

3.5.1 Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL)

3.5.2 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Family Up stream Down stream Maximum range

ADSL 640 kbps 8 Mbps 5.5 Km

ADSL2 1-1.5 Mbps 12-16 Mbps 5.7 Km

ADSL2 + 1 Mbps 26 Mbps 5.7 Km

3.5.3 High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)

3.5.4 Very High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL)

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3.6 BSNL’S BROADBAND ACCESS TECHNOLOGY

3.6.1 For Bsnl Broadband Connection, Customer Needs:

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3.7 WHAT IS BB MULTIPLAY?

3.8 COMPONENTS OF BROADBAND MULTIPLAY

 L3PE (MCR / PE Router of NIB-2 Project 1 – Supplied by HCL).

Figure 22: N/W Architecture Broadband Multiplay

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• Supports PPP and ATM for xDSL services.

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Figure 23: Network Architecture

3.10 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VOD ON BB & VOD ON DTH

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