SALD-2300: Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
SALD-2300: Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
SALD-2300: Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
SALD-2300
Applicable to a Wide Range of Applications Using
Optional Units and Application Software Packages
Provides Accurate Evaluation of the Change in Particle
Size Distribution, Conforming to ISO13320
SALD-2300
Powerful new functions have been added to accurately evaluate the change in
particle size distribution.
Particle size distribution can have a major effect on the characteristics desired for a given
application or objective, or on the performance and quality of a final product.
A particle size analyzer with the ability to precisely measure particle size distribution is an
essential tool in today’s laboratory. The SALD-2300 is that tool. With a variety of optional units
and application software packages, the SALD-2300 can easily address the application
requirements in a variety of industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods, drinks,
pigments, paints, ceramics and electronic materials.
The following three functions have been added to ensure the accurate
evaluation of changes in particle size distribution, which is caused by time
course or particle concentration.
SALD-2300 maintains data compatibility with previous products such as the SALD-2001, SALD-2101, and
SALD-2201.
Wide applicability
■ Using the SALD-MS23 sampler, the measurement range is 17nm to 2500μm for wet measurement.
For example, PSL particles with a median diameter of 50nm and stainless balls with a diameter of 2mm can be measured by a
single analyzer.
Q3(%) q3(%) Q3(%) q3(%)
100 20 100 50
Normalized Particle Amount (Cum)
60 60 30
10
40 40 20
5
20 20 10
0 0 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm) Particle Diameter (μm)
■ The system configuration can be optimized to address various uses, purposes, measurement objects,
environments and conditions.
Sampler SALD-MS23
Measurement range: 17nm to 2500μm
Sample amount (Suspension): 3 level variable 100/200/300
mL
Concentration range: 0.1ppm to several 10ppm
Measurement of circulating samples between flow cell
and dispersion bath of sampler
■ Various sample amounts (Suspension) can be selected according to measurement objects and purposes.
・ Sample amount for SALD-MS23 is variable: 100mL, 200mL, or 300mL.
・ Sample amount for batch cell SALD-BC23 is 12mL.
・ In the case of high-concentration sample measurement system SALD-HC23S, optional indentation can be used for sample
amounts ranging from 6μL to 150μL.
4
High resolution Accurately detects particle size distribution with five peaks
Scattered light from coarse particles is concentrated at low angles near the optical axis and fluctuates vigorously within a tiny angle, but
scattered light from microparticles fluctuates slowly up to large angles away from the center. Whereas the intensity of scattered light from
coarse particles is extremely high, the intensity of scattered light from microparticles is very low. The SALD-2300 achieves high resolution
over a wide range of particle sizes by utilizing the relationship between particle size and scattered light and increasing the detection surface
area of each of the 78 concentric detector elements in the Wing Sensor II at a logarithmic rate from the center outward. In addition to the
Wing Sensor II, one sensor is used for side scattered light and five sensors are used for backward scattered light.
Q3(%) q3(%)
100 10
Normalized Particle Amount (Cum)
60 6
40 4
20 2
0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm)
High reliability
■ Easy maintenance
A powerful self-diagnostic function allows checking the output signals from each
sensor and detection element and the system's functional status. The operation log
function stores detailed information with all measurement data, such as the
operating status and cell contamination status. This allows retroactively verifying
the validity of measurement data and confirming the cell contamination status.
SALD systems utilize an OSAF (Omnidirectional Shock Absorption Frame), which completely isolates all elements of the optical
system from impacts, vibration, and other external disturbances. Therefore, optical axes rarely need adjustment.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
5
Automatic refractive index calculation function eliminates
High efficiency / High reliability the mistake or trouble of selecting refractive indices.
(2) Evaluate
6
Assist function decreases operational error to
High efficiency / High reliability ensure more accurate measurement.
Measurement Assistant Function Allows Preparing SOPs to Ensure Measurements Are Always Performed
Using the Same Conditions and Procedures.
Anyone can conduct high-quality measurements anywhere at any time.
With the SALD-MS23, SALD-BC23, and SALD-DS5S, automatic measurement by PC control can be conducted according to a
specified SOP.
The operator's work consists of sample preprocessing and inputting only.
Creating, saving, and sharing measurement conditions and procedures, including pretreatment methods and conditions, ensures
measurements are performed using the same conditions and procedures, even if performed by a different operator or at a different
location or plant, and ensures safe comparison of data.
Furthermore, when the measurement assistant function is used, measurement instructions for the operator are displayed on the screen.
This enables even inexperienced operators to perform measurements correctly.
Various functions and operations of SALD-2300 can be controlled by a PC, enabling SOPs to be used more effectively.
In addition, administrators and operators can be assigned different operating privileges to ensure security.
Note: SOP is an acronym for Standard Operating Procedure.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
7
By enabling measurement under wide particle
High sensitivity / High concentration concentration conditions (0.1ppm to 20%), changes
in particle size distribution depending on particle
concentration can be evaluated.
Previously, the particle concentration of a sample had to be adjusted to meet the optimum conditions of analyzers by dilution or concentra-
tion using a centrifuge. In these cases, changes in particle size distribution, such as agglomerations or dispersions, could not be considered.
Wide particle concentration range must be covered to evaluate the dissolution process of sample particles.
This is necessary because the progress of dissolution makes the particle concentration low in comparison to the first particle concentration.
SALD-2300 can measure particle size distribution under the conditions of particle concentration from 0.1ppm to 20%.
When the sampler SALD-MS23 or batch cell SALD-BC23 is used, measurements are possible under conditions of concentration
from 0.1ppm to 100ppm.
When the high-concentration sample measurement system SALD-HC23S is used, high-concentration samples up to 20% can be
measured because the negative effects of multiple scattering are prevented.
q3(%)
30 30
Measurement without dilution of hand
cream
Normalized Particle Amount (Diff)
25 25
15 15
particle size distribution narrow.
Measurements without dilutions must be done to
10 10
obtain accurate measurement.
5 5
0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm)
q3(%)
Q3(%)
100 20
Evaluation of a fine particle included in red wine
Normalized Particle Amount (Cum)
q3(%)
30 30
Evaluation of negative electrode material of a
25 25
secondary battery
Normalized Particle Amount (Diff)
15 15
a carbon black particle.
The agglomeration particle (micrometer range) has
10 10
been dispersed to the fine particle (sub-microme-
5 5
ter range) by dispersion processing using a
0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
0
5000
homogenizer. The sample (sample that absorbs
Particle Diameter (μm)
light like the carbon black) that doesn't transmit
light easily can be measured based on the
improvement in sensitivity.
8
Changes in particle size distribution can be monitored in real-time.
High speed Continuous measurement function at 1-second intervals can record these processes
for additional analysis.
Particle size distribution data and light intensity distribution data can be displayed in real-time.
This means that sample changes over time or shifts in the dispersion status can be monitored in real-time.
Since both the light intensity distribution data, which is the raw data, and particle size data can be monitored simultane-
ously, they can be compared to keep track of any changes in the status of samples.
Continuous measurement can record a maximum of 200 data sets at minimum 1-second intervals.
Maximum 200 particle size distributions at minimum 1-second intervals can be measured and stored continuously. These data
can be analyzed from various angles using statistical processing, time series analysis and 3-dimensional graph functions.
Statistical processing
3-dimensional graph
Cross reference of particle size distribution and light intensity distribution enables multilateral evaluations of dissolution process.
(%)100% = 60000 q3(%)
100 10 10
Normalized Particle Amount (Diff)
80 8 8
Light Intensity
60 6 6
40 4 4
20 2 2
0 0 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 68 72 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50
Sensor Element Number Particle Diameter (μm)
This is an example of light intensity distribution data and particle size distribution data for the dissolution process of calcium carbonate.
It shows how dissolution progresses from smaller diameter particles and how the normalized amount of large particles increases.
q3(%)
20 20
Normalized Particle Amount (Diff)
15 15
Normalized Particle Amount
q3(%)
5000
20
10 10 16 1000
12 500
8 100
4 50 )
m
5 0 10 (μ
5 er
5 et
1
1 Diam
2
3 cle
4
0.5 rti
5 0.1 Pa
0 0 File 6 0.05
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 No 7
Particle Diameter (μm)
. 8 0.01
9
10
This is a result of measuring the process by which a powdery digestive medicine is distributed into water.
The particle size distribution can be displayed by the 3D graph. In a 3D graph, the dispersion process that changes from the large
particle to the small particle is easily viewed.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
9
High efficiency Processes multiple sets of data more efficiently
Multiple sets of data can be stored as a group, which enables easier organization, re-displaying, and reanalysis of data. Data can
be loaded as a group and displayed or analyzed at the same time, rather than having to load each set separately.
SALD Series
% points (0.01%, 2%, 4% …… 96%, 98%, 99,98% on
particle size vertical axis) to express the relationship between the particle
distribution data
51 points
Particle size
This emulation function may be able to reduce some problems
when an old particle size analyzer is upgraded to a new
instrument.
10
System Structure
100mm 100mm
or more or more
680mm about 400mm
or more
100mm
SALD-2300
Measurement Unit
PC
280mm
320mm
Measurement Unit SALD-2300
The batch cell and the high-concentration sample 1280mm or more
measurement system can be set in the measurement unit.
Small-Volume Measurement System
(SALD-2300 and SALD-BC23)
High-Concentration Sample Measurement System
(SALD-2300 and SALD-HC23S)
Very Small-Volume Measurement System
(SALD-2300 and SALD-HC23S and
“Glass Slides with Indentation”) 100mm 100mm
or more or more
820mm or more about 400mm or more
or more
100mm
SALD-2300
Measurement Unit
PC
640mm or more
540mm
SALD-MS23
Wet Measurement System Sampler
(SALD-2300 and SALD-MS23) 1420mm or more
130mm
680mm about 400mm
or more
100mm
SALD-2300
Measurement Unit
PC
750mm or more
650mm
SALD-DS5S
(Pressure regulator)
1210mm or more
100mm 130mm
or more
820mm about 400mm
or more
100mm
SALD-2300
Measurement Unit
PC
750mm or more
650mm
1450mm or more
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
11
System Configuration
Wet measurement for small amount of sample / Almost all dispersion media can be used.
60 60
10 10
40 40
5 5
20 20
0 0 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm) Particle Diameter (μm)
General wet measurement for a variety of samples Measurement unit Wing sensor II
Flow cell
Sampler SALD-MS23 Side scattered
light sensor
Dispersion Motor
medium
Flow Cell Dispersion medium
supply pump
・ Groups of particles are dispersed in a liquid medium and measured as they are circulated between
the flow cell, which is placed in the measurement unit, and a dispersion bath in the sampler.
Dispersion bath
・ The dispersion bath incorporates a stirrer and an ultrasonic sonicator. A pump delivers the dispersed
suspension to the flow cell.
Circulation
・ The pump is specially designed to ensure both the liquid medium and the particles are circulated. A pump
stainless ball of 2mm circulates and it is possible to measure it. Ultrasonic sonicator Drain valve
・ Most organic solvents can be used as dispersion media.
The sample quantity is changeable. 100mL, 200mL or 300mL can be selected. Sampler
Drain
Measurement Results
Q3(%) q3(%) Q3(%) q3(%)
100 20 100 10
Normalized Particle Amount (Cum)
80 80 8
15
60 60 6
10
40 40 4
5
20 20 2
0 0 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm) Particle Diameter (μm)
12
Measurement without Dilution
Laser light
Laser light
th
pa
Side/back ht
Light path length scattered light Lig gth
len
Measurement with Standard Sample Held between Cell Holder for High-Concentration
Flow Cell or Batch Cell Two Glass Slides Sample Measurement System
If a standard flow cell or batch cell is used to measure a sample at a high concentration, the long light path length results in
multiple scattering, making it impossible to obtain accurate measurements.
With this system however, is possible by simply holding the high-concentration sample particles between two glass slides, which
shortens the length of the light path, avoids the negative effects of multiple scattering and makes accurate measurement possible.
Measurement Results
Q3(%) q3(%) Q3(%) q3(%)
100 20 100 10
Normalized Particle Amount (Cum)
80 80 8
15
60 60 6
10
40 40 4
5
20 20 2
0 0 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm) Particle Diameter (μm)
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
13
System Structure
■Features
・Using three types of sample suction mechanism (cyclone type, one shot type, hand shot type) and four types of dispersion nozzle, the
optimum combination can be selected to perform measurements based on the sample properties and amount.
・When the cyclone type is used, the sample loaded in the special sample holder is sucked in while being rotated, then injected from the
nozzle and measured.
In addition, since a sample holder is used, there is no scattering of the sample nor do the operator's hands become soiled.
・When the one shot type is used, putting the sample into a small hopper is the only operation required for measuring. This type is suitable for
a small sample amount. (option)
・When the hand shot type is used, the sample can be sucked directly from the beaker or chartula for measurement. (option)
Sample Suction
Mechanism
One Shot Type (option)
Measurement Unit
Hopper
Wing Sensor
Ejector Sensor for Forward Scattered Light
Air Inlet to Prevent Backflow
Scattered Light
Injection Suction
Laser Beam
Compressor
(Compressed Air
Source)
・When compressed air, including the sample, flows through the injection
nozzle, the shape, area, and direction of the cross section is changed in
order to obtain the large changes in volume, pressure and direction of air
flow. Therefore, agglomerates can be strongly dispersed into air.
・In order to obtain the optimum dispersion based on the properties of the
Standard dispersion nozzle (Type 1) Sample sample one of four differently shaped nozzles can be selected.
Section-2 Injection
Section-4
・Magnetized particles, which are easy to cohere in liquid, can be strongly
Section-1
Section-3 dispersed into air using the type 1 injection nozzle. Therefore, accurate
3 mm dispersion nozzle (Type 2 *1) measurement results can be obtained.
Section-2
Section-4 ・Using a type 4 dispersion nozzle the dispersion force is weakened, enabling
Section-1
Section-3
measurements to be made without destroying fragile particles.
2.5 mm dispersion nozzle (Type 3 *1) ・Using type 2 and 3 dispersion nozzles the dispersion force is strengthen,
Section-2
Section-4 that is suitable for the dispersion of fine particles.
Section-1
Section-3
・When the cyclone type is used, the double dispersion process of suction
Straight nozzle (Type 4 *2) and injection enables measurement with good reproducibility.
Section-2 Section-4
Section-1 Section-3 *1 Type 2 and Type 3 are set options *2 Type 4 is an option
14
Measurement Results
40
flour in air easily, enabling dry
5 measurement with good reproducibility.
20
100 10 100 10
Normalized Particle Amount (Diff)
60 6 60 6
40 4 40 4
20 2 20 2
0 0 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000
Particle Diameter (μm) Particle Diameter (μm)
Dissolubility depends on particle size distribution and may adversely impact the measurement of pharmaceuticals. Dry measure-
ment is necessary to measure pharmaceuticals with dissolution effects.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
15
Hardware Specifications
General Specifications
Measurement principle Laser Diffraction Method
Measurement range SALD-MS23: 17nm(0.017μm) to 2500μm
SALD-BC23: 17nm(0.017μm) to 400μm
SALD-HC23: 30nm(0.030μm) to 280μm
SALD-DS5: 300nm(0.3μm) to 2500μm
Note 1: The measurement range varies according to the shape etc. of the particle.
Sampler: SALD-MS23
Dispersing bath Capacity: 100/200/300 mL
Sonicator Frequency about 32 kHz, output about 40 W
Liquid Pump Radial pump, maximum flow rate 2000cm3/min
Liquid Pump Material Stainless (SUS 304, SUS 316), Tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE),
Perfluoroelastmor (FEP) or Kalrez, Thermoflon Pascal (inside)
Liquid Supply Pump Diaphragm pump, maximum flow rate 750cm3/min
Liquid Supply Pump Material Tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl dene fluoride
Flow Cell Quartz glass
Required power supply 115 or 230 VAC as ordered, 200 VA
Dimensions & weight W390mm×D520mm×H430mm,18kg
Operating Environment Temperature: 10 to 30°C, Humidity: 20 to 80 % (no condensation)
Note 3: USB cable (2 m) supplied as standard
16
Software Specifications
WingSALD II
Measurement and Data Display Functions
Measurement of Particle Size Distribution Manual Mode and Assist Mode
Refractive Index Setting Automatic refractive index calculation function (LDR method: Light Intensity Distribution Reproduction Method)
makes setting the refractive index easy.
Real-Time Display Particle size distribution/light intensity distribution simultaneous display
Diagnostics/Adjustments Self-diagnostic function and cell check function
Recalculation of Particle Size Distribution Batch recalculation of max. 200 distributions
Display of Particle Size Distribution Data Displays overlay of max. 200 distributions
Display of Light Intensity Distribution Displays overlay of max. 200 distributions
Statistical Data Processing Max. 200 sets of data (also allows overlaying max. 200 data sets)
Time-Series Processing Max. 200 sets of data
3-Dimensional Graphing Max. 200 sets of data
Data Transfer via Clipboard [Image Output]: Outputs entire data sheet or graph only.
[Text Output]: Outputs summary data, particle size distribution data, or light intensity distribution data.
Data Sorting Sorts by file name, sample ID, sample number, or refractive index
Output Conditions
Particle Size (μm) Divisions Fixed 51 or 101 divisions User settable 51 divisions
Particle Amount (%) Divisions Fixed 51 divisions User settable 51 divisions
Distribution Basis Count, length, area, or volume
Expression of Cumulative Distribution Oversized or undersized
Expression of Frequency Distribution q, q / Δ×, q / Δlog ×
Smoothing Levels 10 levels
Distribution Function Fitting Rosin-Rammler distribution, logarithmic Gaussian distribution
Data Shifting ±10 levels
Report Function Single data sets (6 templates), overlaid data (5 templates), statistical data, time-series data,
or 3D data can be selected and output using batch processing
Data Analysis Functions
Scattering Angle Evaluation Function Evaluates scattering characteristics within micro angle regions for samples such as optical films and sheets.
Data Emulation Functions Emulates measurement results from other instruments and measurement principles, using SALD series
measurement results.
Mixture Data Simulation Function Simulates particle size distributions using any mixture ratio of multiple particle size distributions.
Data Connection Function Combines two particle size distributions with different measurement ranges at any particle size point to
create a single particle size distribution.
Continuous Measurement Function Continuously measures changes in particle size distributions and particle diameters over time,
at intervals as short as one second, and saves the results.
Note 5: The LDR method automatically calculates an appropriate refractive index based on consistency between the actual measured light intensity distribution
and one reproduced (recalculated) from particle size distribution data. This method was developed by Shimadzu and published in two technical papers.
It is sometimes called the "Kinoshita Method", in academic communities, after the name of Shimadzu’s engineer.
PC Requirements The software is included standard on a CD-R with the SALD system (optical system).
Install the software on a PC that meets the following specifications.
OS Windows ® 10 (32/64bit)
CPU Intel ®Core ™ i5, i7
MEMORY 4GB min.
HDD Min. 1 GB of free space required.
CD-ROM Drive Required for software installation
USB Port Unit Name Required USB port
SALD-2300 1 port
SALD-BC23 0
SALD-MS23 1 port
SALD-HC23S 0
SALD-DS5S 2 ports
Printer 1 port
Display SXGA (1280×1024 pixels) min.
Printer Must be compatible with operating system.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
17
Particle Size Analyzer Applications
Particle size distribution is one of the main factors determining the characteristics of powders and particles.
Powders and particles are used in a wide variety of fields for a wide range of objectives and applications. In some cases,
they are used directly as pharmaceuticals, catalysts, additives, or binders while in other situations they are used as raw
ingredients. In either case, the particle size distribution can have a major effect on the characteristics desired for a given
application or objective, or on the performance and quality of a final product. Consequently, measuring the particle size
distribution is essential for stabilizing or improving the characteristics, performance, or quality of powders or particles.
nm μm mm
nanometers micrometers millimeters
Liposomes
Acetaminophens Pharmaceuticals
Titanium Oxide
Talc Cosmetics
Pearl Pigments
Cornstarch
Wheat Flour (cake flour) Food Products
Wheat Flour (bread flour)
Kaolinite
Ceramics
Alumina
PVC Powder
Macromolecules
Acrylic Polymer Beads
Shimadzu particle size analyzers are used in a wide variety of fields, for a wide range of purposes and applications.
1 Pharmaceuticals The smaller the particles, the larger their specific surface area and the more quickly they dissolve. In the case of particles in
medical injections, the particle size determines how they pass through or penetrate capillaries and blood vessel walls and
which parts of the body they reach.
This has a major influence on the efficacy and side effects of pharmaceuticals.
2 Cosmetics For lipstick, mascara, and eye shadow, subtle differences in color and shine are controlled by differences in the particle size
distribution. The smoothness or UV light-blocking properties of creams also vary depending on the particle size distribution.
3 Food Products Many food products include powdered ingredients. The mouth, tooth, and tongue feel and other characteristics of bread,
cakes, pasta, etc. depend on the particle size distribution. Also, controlling the particle size distribution in beverages is
important to ensure consistent quality.
For example, smaller particle sizes are used in milk and lactic acid beverages to prevent differences in concentration and taste
between the upper and lower portions of the container
3 Ceramics The strength, density, hardness, heat resistance, water and air permeability, and other characteristics of ceramics depend not
only on the type of ingredient particles, but also significantly on the particle size distribution.
4 Macromolecules When particles are used as ingredients in pipes, films, and sheets, the particle size distribution can affect the strength and light
permeability of the final product.
5 Catalysts Though chemical reactivity is affected by the specific surface area and pore structure, given the same material, the chemical
reactivity can be controlled by varying the particle size distribution.
6 Electronic Materials The manner and degree to which particle size affects electronic materials differ depending on the application and material.
However, the quality control of particle size distribution is increasingly being required to ensure higher and more consistent
quality of the final product.
18
Measurement Technology Laser Diffraction Method
・ There is a one-to-one correspondence between the particle diameter and the light intensity distribution pattern.
When a particle is irradiated with a laser beam, light is (Side) Scattered light 5.0 μm
that the particle diameter can be ascertained by detecting the light intensity distribution pattern.
Particle size distribution measurement is not performed on individual particles, but rather on particle
groups made up of large numbers of particles. Particle groups contain particles of different sizes, and the
light intensity distribution pattern emitted by a group is composed of all the scattered light emitted from 0.1 μm
all the individual particles. The particle size distribution, in other words, what particle sizes are present in
what proportions, can be obtained by detecting and analyzing this light intensity distribution pattern. This
is the basic principle behind the laser diffraction method used in laser diffraction particle size analyzers. Correspondence between the
particle diameter and the light
intensity distribution pattern.
converted into a thick beam with a collimator and this is directed at the
particle group. The scattered light emitted from the group in a forward Particles
direction is concentrated with a lens, and concentric scattering images
are formed at a detecting plane positioned at a distance equal to the Semiconductor laser Diffracted, scattered image
focal length. This is detected with the wing sensor in which Scattered light
The overall flow of detection and data processing is shown in the (%)
100
80
60
Light intensity
distribution data 40
process, and the particle size distribution data is output. Calculation of particle
size distribution Q3 (%)
100
q 3 (%)
50
Normalized Particle Amount
90
Recalculation of particle size distributions can be performed by using 80
70
40
60 30
Particle size 20 10
and selecting a refractive index that is different from the time of distribution data 10
0
0.01 0.050.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100
0
500 1000
Particle Diameter(µm)
measurement.
SALD-2300
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer
19
SALD-2300
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