Submitted to:

Mr. Jithin Thomas Parel

Lecturer, CON
LESSON PLAN ILBS
ON
Submitted by:
FLUID VOLUME Ms. Anupam Sisodia

DEFICIT M.Sc. Nursing 1st Year, CON

ILBS

Submitted on:
25 September 2023

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 DATA

NAME OF THE STUDENT TEACHER: Anupam Sisodia

SUBJECT: Nursing Education
TOPIC: Fluid & Volume Deficit
DATE & TIME OF TEACHING: 3rd October 2023 & 9:00 AM
DURATION: 10 minutes
GROUP OF STUDENTS: M.Sc. Nursing 1st Year
SIZE OF GROUP: 10-12
VENUE: M.Sc. Nursing 1st Year classroom
METHOD OF TEACHING: Lecture cum discussions
AV AIDS: Power point presentation, charts, models & whiteboard
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE GROUP: The students have previous knowledge regarding the topic
as they have studied in B.Sc Nursing.

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General Objectives
At the end of class, the students will be able to gain knowledge and understanding about Fluid volume deficit and apply the
knowledge in clinical settings. Also, the student teacher will gain confidence in teaching.

Specific Objectives
At the end of the class, the students will be able to:
1) Define fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia).
2) Explain the etiological factors of hypovolemia.
3) Explain the clinical manifestations of hypovolemia.
4) List the diagnostic evaluation of hypovolemia.
5) Describe the management of hypovolemia.
6) Generalize the nursing management of hypovolemia.

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S.No Time Specific Objective Content Teaching AV AIDS Evaluation
learning
activity
1. 1 min Introduction on amount Introduction Lecture cum Model What is the
& composition of body In human body 50%-60% of body weight is water & discussion fluid
fluids. electrolytes. Total body water is further divided into composition
intracellular fluid (ICF) accounting to 55% to 75% & in our body?
extracellular fluids (ECF) accounting to 25-45%. An
adequate fluid balance is maintained to preserve
homeostasis. The fluid generally shifts between
intracellular & extracellular space in order to maintain
equilibrium between the spaces. And, loss of fluid can
disturb this equilibrium.

2. 1 min Introduction to Fluid volume deficit also called hypovolemia refers to a Lecture cum Power point What is
hypovolemia. state of combined salt & water loss, leading to decreased discussion presentation hypovolemia?
of ECFV.

3. 2 min Explain the etiology of Hypovolemia’s causes are divided into renal & extrarenal Lecture cum Flash cards What are the
hypovolemia. etiologies. discussion etiological
Renal causes factors of
 Diuretics excess hypovolemia?
 Mineralocorticoid deficiency
 Ketonuria
 Osmotic diuresis
 Cerebral salt wasting syndrome
 Salt wasting nephropathies
Extrarenal causes are
 Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 GI suctioning

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  Intestinal fistulas & drainages
 Third spacing of fluid
 Burns
 Pancreatitis
 Trauma
 Bleeding

4. 2 min Explain the clinical It can be mild, moderate, severe on the basis of fluid loss. Lecture cum Chart What are the
manifestations of Neurologic manifestations: discussion clinical
hypovolemia.  Diminished alertness/cognition manifestations
 Anxiety, restlessness of
Mucous membrane hypovolemia?
 Dry, may be sticky
Integumentary
 Diminished skin turgor
 Dry skin
 Pale, cool extremities
Cardiovascular
 Tachycardia
 Postural hypotension
 Flat JVP
 Potential complication- Hypovolemic shock
Urinary manifestations
 Decreased urine output
 Increased urine specific gravity
Muscoskeletal manifestations
 Fatigue
Metabolic process manifestations
 Decreased body temperature (isotonic fluid volume
deficit)
 Increased body temperature (dehydration)

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  Thirst
 Weight loss

5. 1 min Discuss the diagnostic Diagnostic evaluation of hypovolemia Lecture cum Power point What are the
evaluation of  Health history & physical examination discussion presentation diagnostic
hypovolemia.  Laboratory test evaluations
1. Increased BUN & creatinine for
2. Increased hematocrit level hypovolemia?
3. Change in serum electrolyte (Na, K)
4. Increased urine specific gravity

5. Increased urine osmolality

 Hemodynamic pressure

6. 1 min Explain the medical Medical management of Hypovolemia Lecture cum Power point What is the
management of  Fluid management discussion presentation medical
hypovolemia.  Correct with oral fluid replacement management
 Oral rehydration therapy for
Replacement of fluids & electrolytes by the IV, hypovolemia?
oral, or enteral route.
 Antiemetic drugs
 Antidiarrheal drugs

7. 1 min Explain nursing care of Nursing management of hypovolemia Lecture cum White board What is the
hypovolemia.  Health promotion discussion nursing care
 Assessment for a patient
1. Health history with
2. Physical assessment hypovolemia?
 Administer oral fluids if indicated
 Required interventions in Impaired swallowing
 Positioning

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 Monitor for fluid overload

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SUMMARY
Fluid volume deficit, also known as hypovolemia is characterized as state of abnormally low extracellular fluid in our body. It can be due to
renal & extra renal causes. The clinical manifestations worsen with the increase in amount of fluid loss and may lead to hypovolemic shock if
left untreated. Investigations to rule out hypovolemia includes blood tests, central venous catheter, arterial line, urine output measurement, blood
pressure, SpO2 oxygen saturation monitoring. Oral rehydration, rehydrating solutions, IV therapy.
CONCLUSION
Hypovolemia or low fluid volume can result in reduced circulatory volume, leading to reduced venous return & in severe cases even lead to
arterial hypotension. Fluid management accounts to be the paramount goal in order to prevent emergency condition of hypovolemic shock.

Bibliography
Janice L. Hinkle, K. H. (2017). Brunner & Suddarth'sTextbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing. New Delhi: Wolters Kluwer.

Navdeep Kur Brar, H. R. (2015). Textbook of Advanced Nursing Practice. Haryana: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers .

Priscilla T LeMone, K. M. (2018). Medical-Surgical Nursing Clinical reasoning in patient care. Chennai: Pearson India Education.

Rivera, J. G., & Anjum, F. (2023). Hypovolemia. National Library of Medicine.