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    Routine Tests and Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Amr Ibrahim
    1) Routine tests for oil immersed distribution transformers include measuring the voltage ratio and phase displacement, winding resistance, dielectric strength, no-load current and losses, load losses, and impedance voltage. 2) Measurement of the voltage ratio involves using a ratio meter to compare the measured and guaranteed voltage ratios on each transformer tapping and check polarity or phase sequence. 3) Dielectric tests check insulation between windings and cores by applying voltages above the rated voltage for one minute.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Routine Tests and Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Amr Ibrahim
    47 views14 pages
    1) Routine tests for oil immersed distribution transformers include measuring the voltage ratio and phase displacement, winding resistance, dielectric strength, no-load current and losses, load losses, and impedance voltage. 2) Measurement of the voltage ratio involves using a ratio meter to compare the measured and guaranteed voltage ratios on each transformer tapping and check polarity or phase sequence. 3) Dielectric tests check insulation between windings and cores by applying voltages above the rated voltage for one minute.

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    1) Routine tests for oil immersed distribution transformers include measuring the voltage ratio and phase displacement, winding resistance, dielectric strength, no-load current and losses, load losses, and impedance voltage. 2) Measurement of the voltage ratio involves using a ratio meter to compare the measured and guaranteed voltage ratios on each transformer tapping and check polarity or phase sequence. 3) Dielectric tests check insulation between windings and cores by applying voltages above the rated voltage for one minute.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views14 pages

    Routine Tests and Measurements

    Uploaded by

    Amr Ibrahim
    1) Routine tests for oil immersed distribution transformers include measuring the voltage ratio and phase displacement, winding resistance, dielectric strength, no-load current and losses, load losses, and impedance voltage. 2) Measurement of the voltage ratio involves using a ratio meter to compare the measured and guaranteed voltage ratios on each transformer tapping and check polarity or phase sequence. 3) Dielectric tests check insulation between windings and cores by applying voltages above the rated voltage for one minute.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    Oil immersed distribution

    transformers

    Routine Tests/ Measurements according to IEC 60076

    Inofyta (ELVIM) Plant - Greece


    ROUTINE TESTS PROCEDURE( acc. to IEC60076)

    1. Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of phase displacement


    2. Measurement of winding resistance
    3. Dielectric Routine Tests
    3.1 Applied voltage dielectric test in MV & LV Windings
    3.2 Induced voltage dielectric test
    4. Measurement of no load current and no-load losses
    5. Measurement of load losses
    6. Measurement of impedance voltage

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    2
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    (1) Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of phase displacement


    The most credible method of measurement is specified by I.E.C 60076.
    Aim of this test is to:
    1. validate the vector group of the transformer
    2. validate the voltage ratio of the transformer in every tapping.

    Measurement of the voltage ratio:


    The measurement of the voltage ratio is performed according to IEC 60076-1. The objective of this specific test is to
    compare the measured values of the transformer ratio with the respective guaranteed values. For the
    transformer, the turns ratio is equal to the voltage ratio of primary and secondary winding, namely

    The voltage ratio shall be measured on each tapping . The polarity of single –phase transformers & the connection
    symbol of three phase transformers shall be checked
    For the above a ratio meter is been used. The proposed instrument (precision bridge Single –phase , Hand
    cranked TTR ), measure the turns ratio & exciting current of windings in power & distribution T/Fs

    NOTE : The most credible method of measurement


    is specified by IEC60076

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    3
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    ●(1) Measurement of the voltage ratio

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    4
    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant
    5
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of phase displacement

    Vector sequence of polar voltages


    Phase difference (∆φ=30o)

    /
    V Η.V VLV * cos 30o

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    6
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    (2) Measurement of windings resistance


    Scope of this test is to measure the resistance of the medium & low voltage windings of the transformer
    The procedure of the measurement of windings resistance is performed according to IEC 60076-1. During this test the
    resistance of each winding is measured and the temperature is recorded. The test is performed with direct current. The
    measurement of the resistance of the windings is performed using a micro-ohmmeter.

    (3) Dielectric routine tests

    Scope of this test is to check the insulation between MV & LV windings


    • the insulation between the tested windings and the tank
    • the insulation between the tested windings and the magnetic circuit

    The dielectric routine tests are the following:


    3.1 Applied voltage dielectric test
    a) MV windings
    The LV windings are short-circuited and grounded with the transformer tank. Then, single-phase voltage is applied to
    the MV windings, which voltage is determined by the voltage of the MV system, in which the transformer is going to be
    connected.
    b) LV windings
    The MV windings are short-circuited and grounded with the transformer tank. Then, single-phase voltage is applied to
    the LV windings, which voltage is determined by the voltage of the LV system, in which the transformer is going to be
    connected.
    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant
    7
    ROUTINE TESTS / MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076
    ● Aim of the test

    The duration of the test, according to IEC 60076-3, is 1 min.


    With this specific test, the following are checked:
    a) the insulation between MV and LV windings,
    b) the insulation between the tested windings and the tank, and
    c) the insulation between the tested windings and the magnetic circuit.

    • Test result
    The test confirms if there is no collapse in voltage

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    8
    ROUTINE TESTS / MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    ● 3.2) Induced voltage dielectric test


    Three-phase voltage, twice the rated voltage, is induced to the transformer for 1 min. However, due to the
    doubling of the voltage, the magnetic induction is also doubled, resulting in transformer saturation and there is
    a danger for the transformer to be destroyed due to large core losses. In order to avoid saturation, the
    frequency is doubled, so that the magnetic induction remains constant. Finally, during this test, the volts per
    turn and therefore the volts per layer are doubled.
    With this test, the dielectric strength between turns and layers is verified.

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    9
    ROUTINE TESTS / MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    3.2) Induced voltage dielectric test

    Aim of the test

    Test result

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    10
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    (4) Measurement of no load current and no-load losses


    The measurement is performed according to IEC 60076-1. The no load current represents the real value of
    current that is required to magnetize the magnetic core. The no-load losses represent the active power that
    absorbed by the transformer core when it is applied rated voltage and rated frequency in the (LV) winding while
    the other winding is open-circuited.
    Transformer tested

    n A
    a B
    b
    b
    c C
    Current
    measurements Voltage
    measurements

    Losses measurements through power


    analyzer

    We connect the three output phases of the adaptation transformer with the three phases of the tested transformer on
    the LV side. Transformer tank is earthed and we set the tap changer to the nominal voltage. MV side is open circuited.
    We set the voltage at nominal value and we measure the Amps and Watts of all 3 phases.

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    11
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    4) Measurement of no load current and no-load losses


    Applications of reduce tolerances on No Load Losses is negotiable at the time of the invitation to tender
    For this reason to guarantee transformers performance I.E.C has stipulated in standard IEC6076-1 § 9 tolerances
    to be complied with as a function of the measurements taken

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


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    5) Measurement of load losses & impedance voltage

    The measurement of load losses is performed with the secondary winding short-circuited and by increasing
    the primary voltage till the primary current reaches its nominal value. The load losses are converted at the
    reference temperature of 75 oC.
    Transformer tested

    n A n AA
    a a
    B
    b B b
    c C C
    c
    Current measurements
    Voltage
    measurements

    Losses measurements through power


    analyzer

    Dwg: wiring diagram for measurement of load losses and impedance voltage

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    13
    ROUTINE TESTS /MEASUREMENTS ACC. WITH I.E.C 60076

    ● 5) Measurement of load losses & impedance voltage

    Schneider Electric Greece - Inofyta Plant


    14

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