Impact of Global Warming On

Impact of Global warming
on
Andaman And Nicobar

Island
By: Saarthak mittal
To Sandhaya Ma’am
z
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2M
Summary:
The historical and observational data reveal variations in the temperature and rainfall
pattern over these islands. Rainy days, post-monsoon rainfall, and other factors have
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changed significantly in recent years. In comparison to the climatic average (6.5%), there
was an increase in the categories of heavy to very heavy rainfall (6.5 to 8.8%). The Andaman
and Nicobar Islands will be severely affected by the problems caused by climate change
because of the irregular rainfall, ongoing droughts, and high temperatures that cause acute
water shortages, especially during the summer. This necessitates a cautious but adaptation-
focused approach to managing our islands' weather and natural resources. As a result,
agriculture ought to switch to crops that are more climate- and water-resistant.
Introduction
Due to human activity, there have been

noticeable changes in surface temperature,
rainfall, evaporation, and extreme events
since the turn of the 20th century. Climate
change has been getting increased attention in
this context. A small area may experience
localised climate change, or the entire planet
may experience it. Climate variability is
defined as year-to-year fluctuations or a
cyclical tendency in the meteorological
parameters (IPCC, 2001). Climate change is a
reality, and its likely impacts may be roughly
forecast. In many areas of the tropics and
subtropics, the impact is mostly felt on
agricultural production, which will have a
severe impact on small-holder farmers.
Precipitation has been increasing over the

middle and high latitudes of the northern
hemisphere. A rainfall pattern and its
variability over the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands are only briefly described. Moreover ,
due to its topography, distinctive biodiversity,
and coexistence of the general population
with tribal people, understanding weather
variations and the influence of global changes
on these islands is absolutely crucial.
Agro-climate of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
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The Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands lie in the Bay of Bengal (6-140 N lat; 92-940 E long) 1200
km east of mainland India. The climate of Andaman and Nicobar Island is typified by tropical
conditions with little difference between mean summer and mean winter temperatures.
The annual rainfall is between 2900 and 3100 mm, which is indicative of a humid environment. Due
to their proximity to the equator, these islands experience intense solar radiation, which results in
excessive evaporation, especially during dry months, which far outweighs rainfall and creates a water
shortage situation. The rainfall meets all potential evapotranspiration needs, with the exception of a
seasonal water shortfall of 300–400 mm from January to April. The maximum and minimum
temperatures are 32°C and 22°C, respectively, and the average relative humidity ranges from 68 to
86%. The growing season is longer than 210 days, which is sufficient to allow the cultivation of
plantations and double crops in the region. Udic soil moisture and an isohyperthermic soil
temperature regime are present there.
Results and Discussion

The long term trend in climatic parameters indicated that these Islands experience hot and humid
tropical climate with least variation in maximum and minimum temperatures in major part of the
year (Fig. 1). The mean relative humidity in these Islands is 79%, the mean maximum temperature is
30.2° C, and mean minimum temperature is 23.0° C. On an average there has been no significant
change in the long-term temperature pattern. These Islands receive annual average rainfall of about
3100 mm with the highest rainfall experienced in 1961 (4362 mm) and the lowest in 1979 (1550 mm).
Among the two Island groups, Andaman receives more annual rainfall than Nicobar Islands though it
is located in the equatorial belt.
May to December receives roughly 95% of the yearly rainfall, whereas January to April experiences a
shortage of about 610 mm.
Fewer than three days per month are rainy. The highest yearly rainfall is recorded over Port Blair
(3100 mm), while the lowest annual rainfall is recorded over Nancowry (2480 mm).
Average rainfall varies seasonally and is highest in the monsoon and lowest in the winter (Fig. 2).
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This island chain experiences 136 days of rain on average.
While Nicobar Islands experience 113 cm of seasonal rainfall with 56 wet days, the Andaman Islands
experience 173 cm with 73 rainy days on average. In comparison, only 6 cm of rain, or three rainy
days, occur on the Andaman Islands on average throughout the winter season.
climate parameters changing
Small islands in the Indian Ocean experience primarily Asian influences on their climate regimes.
The south-west or summer monsoon and the north-east or winter monsoon are two separate climatic
regimes that are produced by the seasonal alternation of air flow patterns known as the monsoon
(Mimura et al., 2007). The Andaman and Nicobar islands' rainfall pattern and frequency have
demonstrated a trend in recent years that deviates from the climatic norm in response to changes in
the global sea level. The majority of these changes were seen in the seasonal distribution pattern
rather than the annual mean values, leading to severe occurrences that may or may not have a lot of
uncertainty.
Analysis of Andaman and Nicobar islands rainfall frequencies (2013–16) revealed an increase in
heavy Categories of extremely heavy rainfall varied from 6.5 to 8.8% as compared to the climatic
average (6.5%). On the other hand, the proportion of all days with no rain and all
The amount of rainfall is essentially unchanged (Fig. 3). This indicates that while the overall number
of wet days has not changed, the type of precipitation event has. However, there makes no clear
mention of the incidence of drought or moisture stress, whereas flooding is experienced throughout
the year as a result of an increase in the frequency of heavy rainfall events. The latest floods from 2013
to 2016 demonstrated that excessive rainfall is not the only cause of
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Conclusions
The difficulties brought on by climate change will have an
unpredictable rainfall, ongoing droughts, and high temperatures have a greater influence on these
islands than changes to the political framework in which they operate.
This necessitates a cautious but adaptation-focused approach to managing our islands' weather and
natural resources.
As a result, agriculture ought to switch to crops that are more climate- and water-resistant. In order to
prepare for potential future effects of climate change, increased efforts are required for localised
rainwater harvesting and storage, groundwater recharging, in addition to its effective use for
successful farming systems.

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Impact of Global Warming On

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Impact of Global warming

Andaman And Nicobar

By: Saarthak mittal

Due to human activity, there have been

Precipitation has been increasing over the

Agro-climate of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Results and Discussion

climate parameters changing

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