Understanding Conventions Rising Movement

Of Traditional Genres - introduces the conflict of the story or play

Literary Genres Climax

- Fiction - introduces the central moment of crisis
- Drama that defines the conflict
- Poetry
Falling Action
FICTION - introduces the aftermath of conflict
Fiction is defined as "a series of (whether it is resolved or not)
imagined facts which illustrates truths about
human life." Denouement/Resolution
- introduces the moment of insight,
Fiction is generally classified as short story discovery, or revelation of the character
or novel. A short story is a brief artistic after the falling action.
prose form that centers on a single main
incident and intends to produce a single NARRATIVE DEVICES
dominant impression. A novel is an
extensive prose narrative that contains chapters FORESHADOWING
and interludes. - guide or hint at what is to happen next in
the story
DRAMA
Drama also uses the traditional conventions IRONY
of fiction but has an additional distinctive -opposites of what they actually mean
characteristic of being performed and
mounted on stage. FLASHBACK
- Uses past events that will help the readers
Plays (drama), however, are generally understand the present
classified into acts or major divisions. The
most common are one-act play, which has CONFLICT
one unit of time, one unit of place, and one - the opposing objectives of the protagonist
unit of action play; and three-act play, and the antagonist, or inside the protagonist
which showcases a longer exposition of the
theme and conflict. DEUS EX MACHINA
-practice of physically lowering a "god" to
FictionConventions
Fiction Drama the stage at the end of the play to solve all
Conventions
Point of View Conventions the problems
Plot
Point of View
Characters Dialogue POETRY
Plot
Setting Plot Poetry uses a more intensified, focused, and
Characters
Themes Characters intricate language than prose.
Setting Setting “Imagination is the limit!”
Themes Themes
Characteristics of Poetry
Developmental Pattern Beauty
Poetry attempts to achieve beauty.
Exposition Imagination
-The exposition is a set of scenes in a story Poetry is imaginative, or makes use of the
that are meant to introduce the audience to strength of imagination
the characters, world, and tone of the story. Musical
-introduces the central moment of crisis that Poetry is musical, melodic, and rhythmical.
defines the conflict. Symbolic
Poetry makes use of language that is
metaphorical or symbolic, not direct.
Concentrated
Poetry is more concentrated than prose. 1. Author’s Purpose
Conciseness - His or her reason for creating a work.
Poetry makes use of brevity and conciseness. The purpose may be to explain or
inform, entertain, persuade, or reveal
an important truth.
POETRY 2. Characters
A person, an animal, or an imaginary
Narrative creature that takes the part in the action of
Narrative poems tell stories. the story.
Iliad, Lord Randall, King Arthur etc.
Characterization
Dramatic The techniques an author uses to develop
Dramatic poems employ dramatic elements the personality of a character in a literary
such as dialogue or characters. work.
Eliot's The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock An author can give information
about a character by describing several
Lyric aspects to the character:
Originally written to be sung to the
accompaniment of a lyre. - Physical appearance and personality
Songs sonnets, haikus, odes, elegies etc. - speech, behavior, and actions
- thoughts and feelings
ELEMENTS OF POETRY - interactions with other characters

Imagery Character Types

The representation of an
experience or object that is Protagonist - the main character of the
perceived through the senses story that is most central to the action of the
story.
Figurative L.
It helps beautify or makes Antagonist - the person or thing working
the language more poetic against the protagonist, or hero, in the story.

Sound Static Characters - characters that stay the

The rhyme scheme and the same throughout the story.
meter that a poem employs
Dynamic Characters - characters that
Persona change and learn something during the story.
The speaker or the
perspective where we are Flat – very few personality traits, do not
able to perceive his or her change throughout the story, sometimes can
experience. be symbolism stereotypes

Using Elements as Techniques Round – convincing and true to life, many

to Develop Themes different personality traits, usually undergo
a change during the story
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
Author’s Purpose 3. Setting
Characters The time and place in which the action
Setting occurs. Look for clues in the opening
Point of view paragraphs of the story or novel.
Plot
Theme 4. Point of view
Symbolism The perspective or vantage point from
which an author presents a story.
1st person- the story is told by one of the ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
characters in the story. The character uses Plot
the pronouns I and we. Theme
Characters
2nd person-the story uses the pronoun “you” Dialogue
to address the reader. This narrative voice Music/Rhythm
impliesthat the reader is either the Spectacle
protagonist or a character in the story and Plot
the events are happening to them. This is what happens in the play. Plot refers
to the action; the basic storyline of the play.
3rd person-the story is told by the narrator
who stands outside of the story and observes Theme
the events as they unfold. The narrator uses Theme refers to the meaning of the play.
the pronouns she, he, and they. Theme is the main idea or lesson to be
learned from the play. In some cases, the
5. Plot theme of a play is obvious; other times it
The action or sequence of events in a story. is quite subtle.
It is based on a key conflict.
Characters
Exposition- the first part of the story. The Characters are the people (sometimes
author establishes the setting, introduces animals or ideas) portrayed by the actors in
characters, gives additional background the play.
information
Dialogue
Rising Action/Complications- the series of This refers to the words written by the
conflicts or struggles that build a story playwright and spoken by the
toward its climax. Tension rises. characters in the play.

Climax- the high point, or turning point, of Music/Rhythm

a story. It is the most intense point. A While music is often featured in drama, we
decision is made that will decide the are referring to the rhythm of the actors'
outcome of the conflict. voices as they speak.

Falling Action- the action that works out Spectacle

the decision arrived at during the climax. the visual elements of a play: sets,
The conflict is – or begins to be – settled. costumes, special effects, etc.
Spectacle is everything that the
Resolution- the ending. It ties up loose ends audience sees as they watch the play.
and brings the story to a close.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
6. Theme
The statement about life that the author Rhythm
wants to share with the reader. Oftentimes, Meter
the reader will have to make inferences or Stanza
reasonable guesses as to the theme of the Rhyme
story. Rhyme Scheme
Theme
7. Symbolism Symbolism
An image/object in a story that is Imagery
used repeatedly and carries a deeper
meaning. Theme
This is what the poem is all about. The
theme of the poem is the central idea that
the poet wants to convey. It can be a story,
or a thought, or a description of something
or someone; anything that the poem is about.

Rhythm
This is the music made by the
statements of the poem, which
includes the syllables in the lines. It
includes the volume, stresses,
intonations, tempo, etc…

Meter
This is the basic structural make-up of the
poem. Do the syllables match with each
other? Every line in the poem must adhere
to this structure.

Stanza
Stanza in poetry is defined as a smaller unit
or group of lines or a paragraph in a poem.
A particular stanza has a specific meter,
rhyme scheme, etc. Based on the number of
lines, stanzas are named as couplet (2 lines),
Tercet (3 lines), Quatrain (4 lines), Cinquain
(5 lines), Sestet (6 lines), Septet (7 lines),
Octave (8 lines).

Rhyme
A poem may or may not have a rhyme.
When you write poetry that has rhyme, it
means that the last words or sounds of the
lines match with each other in some form.

Rhyme Scheme
As a continuation of rhyme, the rhyme
scheme is also one of the basic elements of
poetry. In simple words, it is defined as the
pattern of rhyme.

Symbolism
Often poems will convey ideas and
thoughts using symbols. A symbol can stand
for many things at one time.

Imagery
Imagery is also one of the important
elements of a poem. This device is used
by the poet for readers to create an
image in their imagination. Imagery
appeals to all the five senses.