READING

READING CHAPTER TEST ONE: CHALLENGE
Name _________________________________ Date …../ ……/10 Score _ _ _ _ _ _

Reading one:
A Although multiple births are still relatively rare, in vitro fertilization has brought about a sharp increase in
the number of "multiples"-twins, triplets, and quadruplets. In the past, couples who were not able to have
children could either remain childless or adopt a child. However, some were reluctant to adopt because they
were not comfortable with the idea of taking in a "stranger's" child. Others had a very strong desire for their
own biological offspring. With the development of in vitro fertilization, many of these couples are now able to
have biological children of their own. Between 1980 and 2000, the number of twins born in the United States
increased by 74%. At the same time, the number of higher order multiples-triplets or more-increased by 500%.
B Multiple births can be very challenging for the mother-to-be. Imagine having several infants developing in
a space designed for one. Although some of these women experience no problems, many have difficult
pregnancies. Some mothers find themselves feeling extremely tired and short of breath. This is because the
developing babies require a lot of iron and the mother begins to experience an iron deficiency. In order to
carry the additional weight, her feet may grow as much as one shoe size. The shape of her body may also
change permanently. As the babies develop, they push out the rib cage, expanding the size of her abdomen. To
carry the additional weight, the thighs often become heavier. Despite a prescribed exercise program, these
changes in body shape often remain after the pregnancy.
C And it's not just the mothers who are affected. Many multiple-birth children face physical and other types
of challenges as well. Many are premature babies and will spend months in the hospital before they can go
home. If the respiratory system is underdeveloped, the baby may have trouble breathing. If the nervous system
is not fully developed, the child may be born with cerebral palsy. Later in life, learning difficulties sometimes
emerge. The good news is that medical science is constantly uncovering ways to help these tiny infants
survive and thrive.
D After the initial shock of having several children at once wears off, the parents-to- be are soon struck by
the financial realities. "On, no! We can't afford five children!" they cry. However, most of these families make
out just fine. People donate clothing, diapers, cribs, and baby food. Community groups raise money so the
family can add living space to their house. Grocery stores come up with special discounts. Over time, these
families somehow manage to survive. And with all the extra love in the house, money becomes less and less
of an issue as time goes on.
Section I: Reading Comprehension
1. What is the main idea of paragraph B?
A. Changes in body shape often remain after the pregnancy.
B. A woman's shoe size may increase during pregnancy.
C. Multiple births can cause problems for the mother.
D. Mothers of multiples should follow an exercise program after the pregnancy.
2. The number of twins born in the U.S. has increased by what percentage since 198Q?
A. 200% B. 500% C. 20% D.74%
3. In paragraph C, the word premature probably means ……………..
A. slow B. early C. healthy D. difficult
4. In paragraph C, the word emerge probably means ……………
A. appear B. get worse C. survive D. disappear
5. In paragraph D, which of the following is an example of an emotional reaction?
A. Money becomes less of an issue.
B. Community groups raise money for the family.
C. We can't afford five children.
D. Families somehow manage to survive.
Section II: Choose the correct answer
1. The main idea of paragraph A is not stated, it is implied. What is the implied main idea of paragraph A?
A. Childless couples used to have two choices.
B. The increase in multiple births is a result of in vitro fertilization.
C. Most couples want children.
D. Multiple births are becoming more common.
2. In paragraph B, which of the following is an example following up on the main idea?
A. Multiple births are challenging for the mother.
B. The mother's iron level often falls.

C. Some women experience no problems.
D. Several infants can develop in the space designed for one.
3. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the information in paragraph B?
A. Multiple births are easy for most mothers-to-be.
B. Developing babies don't require a lot of iron.
C. Multiple birth babies often have large rib cages.
D. Women who have multiple births often can't wear the same clothes they wore before the births.
4. In paragraph D, the word DONATE probably means to
A. buy B. give C. sell D. lend
5. What is the implied main idea of paragraph D?
A. The financial problems are hard to overcome.
B. People donate things to help these families.
C. Stores often help these families.
D. Money is not usually a terrible problem for these families.
Section III: Fill in the blanks with words given

blun menial brevity outgoin gardene restless heriatg symbol leisure vastnes
t g r e s
1. Amos is proud to do …………………………………. chores around the house.
2. The eagle is the ………………………………… of the United States of America.
3. Barbara isn't shy. She's very ………………………………….
4. Carlos is really proud of his Spanish …………………………………
5. After I sit for two hours I start feeling ………………………………….
6. It's impossible to imagine the ………………………………….. of outer space.
7. The best thing about his speech was its …………………………………… Nobody got bored.
8. Her words weren't exactly impolite, but she was a little …………………………………
9. Ali works seven days a week. He has no ………………………………….. time.
10. The ………………………………… is planting flowers in front of the house.
Section IV: Circle the correct word in parentheses

1. People who don't trust large corporations have 6. People who are (anti-city / non-city) don't like big
(anti-business / non-business) feelings. cities.
2. If you were not born in France, you are (anti- 7. If you are against pollution, you might join (an anti-
French / non-French). pollution / a non-pollution) group.
3. Laws passed to prevent noise in a city are (anti- 8. People who talk all the time are (anti-stop / nonstop)
noise / non-noise) laws. talkers.
4. If you like music but you can't sing, you are (an 9. Drugs that attempt to destroy cancer are (anti-
anti-singing / a non-singing) person. cancer / non-cancer) drugs.
5. If you speak English that is not standard, you speak 10. (Anti-credit / Noncredit) courses do not give you
(anti-standard / nonstandard) English. academic credit.
Reading Two:
A The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the
approximately 6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists
estimate that a language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, about 2,500 native
languages could disappear.
B Languages become extinct for many reasons. Through imperialism, colonizers impose their languages
on colonies. Some politician believe multilingualism will fragment national interests. Thus they prohibit
education in all but the national language. Another reason for language death is the spread of more powerful
languages. In the world today, several languages, including English, are so dominant in commerce, science,
and education, that languages with fewer speakers have trouble competing.
C Although in the past, governments have been one of the primary causes of language death, many have
now become champions of preserving endangered languages and have had some significant successes. Two
outstanding examples are the revival of Hebrew and Irish. Hebrew was considered a dead language, like Latin,
but is now the national language of Israel. Irish was not dead, but severely threatened by English when the
government of Ireland began its rescue immediately after the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. In
Ireland, all students in public schools must now take some classes in Irish and there are Irish programs in
major media, such as television and radio. According to the Irish government, approximately 37 percent of the
population of Ireland now speaks Irish.
D One of the largest programs to revive languages, Documenting Endangered Languages (DEL), is
being conducted by three U.S. government agencies: the National Science Foundation, the National
Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Museum of Natural History. Researchers funded by these
agencies are recording interviews with the mostly elderly people who still speak the languages. Analyses of
these interviews will help linguists publish dictionaries and grammars of the languages. Eventually, linguists
hope to establish language-training programs where younger people can learn the languages, carrying them on
into the future.
E The linguists participating in DEL defend spending millions of dollars to preserve dying languages.
They point out that when a language dies, humanity loses all of the knowledge of the world that that culture
held. Traditional healers in rural areas have given scientists important leads in finding new medicines; aspirin
is an example of these. But one of the most common reasons given by these researchers is that studying
languages gives us insight into the radically different way humans organize their world. David Lightfoot, an
official at the National Science Foundation, gives the example of Guguyimadjir, an Australian aboriginal
language, in which there are no words for right or left, only for north, south, east, and west.
F Many researchers are optimistic that the efforts to save dying languages will succeed, at least in part.
Bruce L. Cole, Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities said, "Not only is this a time of great
potential loss, it is also a moment for enormous potential gain. In this modem age of computers and our
growing technological capabilities, we can preserve, assemble, analyze, and understand unprecedented riches
of linguistic and cultural information."
Section I: Reading Comprehension
1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Similarities Between Endangered Species
B. Preserving Endangered Languages and Languages
C. Linguistic Globalization
D. How Languages Die and Efforts to Revive Them
2. What does the italicized word mean in the following sentence? Language become extinct for many reasons.
A. dead B. popular C. required D. encouraged
3. According to the article, which language is a dead language?
A. Irish B. English C. Hebrew D. Latin
4. According to the article, what would linguists in the DEL project like to do someday?
A. record interviews with elderly people
B. get funding from the government
C. teach endangered languages to young people
D. write a dictionary and grammar for Irish
5. How would you describe Bruce Cole's opinion of the DEL project?
A. He thinks that we will lose the fight to save endangered languages.
B. He believes that it isn't worth the time and energy required to save languages.
C. He believes we can save significant amounts of information about languages.
D. He thinks that we will be able to save Guguyimadir, the aboriginal language.
Section II Strategy: Circle the letter which best fits in the following sentences.
1. The sailors were ______ and therefore had to be given fluids by means of an intravenous feeder.
A. disenfranchised B. unseemly C. dehumidified D. dehydrated
2. After jet airplanes were created, ______ travel became much easier.
A. international B. multinational C.intranational D. polysyllabic
3. The late President Reagan's _______ of the airline industry allowed for competition and thus caused prices
to drop in some markets.
A. regulating B. dispossession C. deregulation D.
intertwining
4. Unfortunately, foreign languages are not taught with much success in U.S. schools. As a result, most
Americans are ______.
A. unilateral B. multilingual C. bilinguistic D.
monolingual
5. We are having a(n) ______ number of mosquitoes this year due to all the rain last winter. Therefore, I am
putting up screen windows.
A. abnormal B. subnormal C. reduced D.
infinitesimal
6. After our house and store were flooded, we ______ to higher ground.
A. refracted B. relocated C. dislocated D. related
7. The meat is frozen. If you want it for dinner tonight, we have to ______ it.
A. defrost B. refreeze C. detest D. conceal
8. There are kids from six different countries in my son Alex's class. It is very ______.
A. homogenous B. polymorphic C. interscholastic D. multinational
Section III: Fill in the blank with the correct word from the vocabulary list.
across the board boom dialect established fueled
outsource replaced shocked widespread goal
1. The union is upset about the company's decision to ______ 3,000 jobs to India.
2. The company is experiencing cuts ______. Our department is not as hard hit as most as we are only losing
one person.
3. In the 1980s and part of the 1990s, there was a dot com ________ which was later followed by just as large
a bust.
4. Many people consider it an insult when the language they speak is called or considered to be a ______.
5. It is doubtful that we will reach our ______ of having all children reading at grade level by the year 2010.
6. English has ______ French as the language of international commerce and politics.
7. The new law ______ guidelines of how many hours of each day should be spent teaching in each language.
8. The growing use of English internationally is ______ by the importance of the Internet, interest in
American culture, and financial globalization.
9. The prime minister was ______ that the public did not fully support his proposal to ban chewing gum.
10. The ______ use of English in computer support literature will lead to countries borrowing technology
terms from English.
Section IV: Choose a word from the list below to replace the verb phrase in italics.
destroyed/ devoured/ discusses/ examining/ fascinates/ gulped down/ jumped at/ limped
1. After falling from his bicycle and badly twisting his ankle, John carefully walked ___________ home.
2. When we found him, he hadn't had anything to drink for three days. He drink ___________ two liters of
water.
3. I went to the doctor about the mark on my nose. After five minutes of looking at __________ it with
magnifying glasses, he determined it was not a skin cancer.
4. She has been a huge fan of Futbol Club Barcelona most of her life. Therefore, she took __________ the
opportunity to go to their game when they came to Los Angeles.
5. Hurricane Katrina wrecked __________ many homes in New Orleans.
6. My son always talks about ____________ interesting occurrences at dinner.
7. This topic clearly interests ___________ him.
8. In the last week, he has read _________ six books and taken 70 pages of notes.
The end
READING CHAPTER 2 TEST - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Read the following passage and then answer the questions below.
Reading one:
A Finding a balance between teamwork and competition is the key to success in a wide variety of fields.
Medical research is one such area. Its discoveries have serious and wide-ranging effects. To do their best
work, scientists are learning how to motivate themselves through competition with their colleagues, while at
the same time doing a healthy amount of sharing information. The same principle holds true in business
settings and in university classrooms. And research has recently uncovered another situation in which this
balance is very important. It is a key element in helping twins develop as successful and independent
individuals.
B People who study the nature of business organizations have come up with the term "M-Form." It refers to
the type of organization that is carefully constructed to maintain a balance between teamwork and
competition. M-Form companies are made up of many different divisions that compete against each other for
money and other resources. However, these same competing divisions must also work as a team- sharing
laboratories, marketing staff, and production facilities. M-Form companies are not directed from the top down.
Each division sets its own direction and makes its own decisions. Management's role is to put together an
overall plan that is in the best interests of the whole company.
C In terms of teamwork and competition, scientific researchers sometimes find themselves between a rock
and a hard place (in a difficult situation without a simple solution). For example, scientists at several different
universities and commercial laboratories may be researching ways to cure a particular type of cancer. They all
describe some of what they are doing at conferences and in journals. This sharing helps all of them make
advances in their research. In some ways, this puts them on the same team. On the other hand, there is
sometimes fierce competition among colleagues to get credit for a discovery in order to increase their own
prestige. In addition, commercial laboratories may have a lot of money tied up in their research. They may not
want to share what they've spent millions of dollars to discover. In these cases, the agencies involved must do
a lot of careful thinking about the proper balance between teamwork and competition.
D Another fascinating example of ongoing teamwork and competition involves the lives of identical twins.
Most twins are constantly compared to each other on everything from school grades to athletic ability. This
competition has a special edge to it. It is not only about winning, but also about creating a separate identity.
Most twins are able to work out what seems to be a highly productive balance. For Jake Adams, a member of
his college tennis team, beating his twin, Jerry, is really important. However, if the two are playing doubles,
they are a tough team to beat!
Section I: Reading comprehension Section II: Strategy Choose the correct answer
1. What is the main idea of paragraph A? 1. Which of the following does scanning NOT
A. Teamwork and competition improve classroom involve?
learning. A. reading word for word
B. Teamwork and competition among scientists B. thinking of what you are looking for
yields good results. C. moving your eyes quickly through the text
C. Teamwork and competition are important in a D. stopping to write down information
variety of situations. 2. Which of the following sentences contains a
D. Businesses can use teamwork and competition to metaphor?
become more successful. A. The company was made up of several divisions.
2. The word principle in paragraph A means B. They made advances in their research.
A. most important B. rule C. problem D. leader C. They found themselves between a rock and a hard
3. What is the main idea of paragraph C? place.
A. Universities and laboratories often compete with D. There is fierce competition among colleagues.
each other. 3. Which compound adjective CANNOT modify the
B. Researchers can learn a lot from each other's A. low-price
discoveries. B. best-selling
C. Researchers sometimes have a hard time C. good-tasting
balancing teamwork and competition. D. well-known
D. Commercial laboratories sometimes don't want to 4. In paragraph C, fierce probably means _ _
share their discoveries. A. mean B. easy C. strange D. difficult
4. According to the reading, which resource do 5. In paragraph D, BEAT probably means _ _
divisions in M-From companies NOT have to A. get B. reduce C. defeat D. research
share?
A. laboratories B. workspace
C. marketing staff D. production facilities
5. The phrase work out in paragraph D means
A. solve B. do exercises C. disagree about D. create
Section III: Fill in the blanks with words given Section IV: Mark each sentence with a T for true
low-end nondescript ascend or an F for false.
global job leading-edge 1. ____ Earnings is a synonym for profit.
revenues get the drift vicious 2. ____ Interrupt is a synonym for cut in.
1. The reporter was ______.She would not stop 3. ____ Cry is a synonym for chant.
asking questions even though the interviewee was 4. ____ Dance around is an antonym for cavort.
upset. 5. ____ Cut is a synonym for slice
2. Many businessmen wear ______ suits to work. 6. ____ Office is a synonym for factory.
They never wear new styles or bright colors. 7. ____ Fail is an antonym for rally.
3. I know it doesn't pay a lot, but I really need 8. ____ Feel comfortable is a synonym for feel at
this______. home.
4. The company raised their prices in order to 9. ____ Don't like is a synonym for don't have a
increase ______. clue.
5. My boss is a ______. She hopes to become 10. ____Expensive is an antonym for low-cost.
president someday.
6. I work for a ______ corporation with offices in 16
different countries.
7. Several Japanese companies are ______
producers of small cars.
8. I didn't buy a ______ TV. My new flat-screen TV
cost over $3000.
9. It will take us over three hours to ______ this
mountain.
10. Anne thought that by not returning John's calls
that he would ______ that she didn't want to see him
anymore, but he still kept calling her.
Supplementary vocabulary: Choose the best word to complete each sentence.

1. No one lives with Rosa in her apartment. She lives _______.
A. alone B. lonely C. only D. together
2. Tom's family has 3 children, Amy's family has 3 children, Reina's family has 2 children, and Ben's family
has 2 children. The ______ number of children in these families is 2.5.
A. small B. average C. CD equal D. total
3. When teachers speak too softly and rapidly, it is ______ for their students to understand them.
A. easy B. little C. diffirent D. difficult
4. In many cultures, women do most of the ______. For example, they clean the floors and wash the clothes
for their families.
A. farming B. homework C. housework D. cooking
5. Mr. Lee's restaurant is successful because he always waits on his ______ politely and serves them
wonderful meals.
A. customs B. customers C. consumers D. users
6. In a basketball game, two teams _______ against each other to score points by throwing a ball into a basket.
A. compete B. cooperate C. complete D. exercise
7. In this country doctors usually have high _______, or position in the society.
A. profession B. situation C. state D. status
8. Many companies in the computer industry were started by very young people. For example, Bill Gates was
only twenty years old when he and Paul Allen ______ the Microsoft Corporation in 1975.
A. based B. discovered C. located D. founded
9. ______ up to 20% is customary in U.S. restaurants. Some places even add 15% to the bill for all parties of
six or more.
A. Waiting B. Tipping C. Buying D. Eating

10. I wouldn't go to the new mall just yet. If you can ______ another week or two, until the Grand Opening is
over, the crowds will be much more manageable.
A. holdout B. hold up C. wait on D. hold onto
Reading 2:
A. In the last fifteen years there has been a great increase in the number of television shows promoting risky
behavior. In these shows, contestants risk life and limb for the entertainment of the American public, who
seem fascinated with danger and the possibility of disaster. Two of the most popular of these shows are The X
Games and Fear Factor.
B. NBC's Fear Factor is currently in its sixth season of prime-time broadcasts. This show routinely tests the
abilities of contestants to persevere in extremely dangerous stunts as well as perform trials. Contestants might
rappel down a rope from a helicopter or jump from one moving vehicle to another while driving on a freeway.
Some of the trials have included people being locked in boxes with rats, snakes, or scorpions and people
eating raw animal organs or mushed up earthworms. The show has been criticized by animal rights activists.
C. Fear Factor's website at www.nbc.comlFear_Factor has a disclaimer stating that many of the stunts are
inherently dangerous and done under the supervision of professional stuntmen. Meanwhile, the website boasts
of the show's popularity with children: "Congrats to Fear Factor on its Nickelodeon Kids' Choice nomination
for favorite television show." It seems only a matter of time before the children who enjoy the show try to
emulate it.
D. Another show promoting danger is ESPN's X Games. (The X stands for Generation X, a term for young
people born between 1965 and about 1980. The term also refers to an abbreviation of the word extreme.) The
summer X Games first aired in 1995 and have been an annual event since. Although the sports are not
mainstream and many of the athletes are not clean-cut, straight-laced types, the marketing of these events has
attracted conservative corporate America. Sponsors include Chevrolet, Taco Bell, AT&T, Snickers, VISA,
Sony, and the U.S. Marine Corps. A large part of this has to do with consumerism.
E. The summer games' sports include dirt biking, in-line skating, skateboarding, sky surfing, snowboarding,
sport climbing, and street luge racing. Street luge may be the most dangerous of the lot. In this sport,
contestants fly downhill on modified ice luges, attaining speeds of 70 miles per hour. The athlete lies on his
back approximately three inches off the ground on equipment that looks like a cross between a sled and a
coffee table with shortened legs. The athlete steers the contraption with his feet and can only see ahead by
lifting his head and peering down the hill. One major difference between street and Olympic luge is that in ice
luge, there is only one luge on the track, which is closed, banked, and designed specifically for luges. In street
luge, the athletes compete on open roads, frequently with multiple lugers.
F. Clearly, these are not our parents' or grandparents' sports or television shows. Both of these new spectacles
are about competition between individuals. Also both have potential for very serious injuries.
1. What would be the best title for this reading?
A. The X Games and Fear Factor B. Who Fears the X Games?
C. Blood Thirst in America and Its TV Shows. D. Street Luge vs. Ice Luge
2. How does the author feel about the show Fear Factor?
A. He likes the feats and bug eating.
B. He is happy that Nickelodeon has nominated it as a favorite kids' show.
C. He disapproves of the risk-taking and grotesque feats.
D. He secretly desires to be a contestant.
3. Why does the author mention that there is a disclaimer about not trying the stunts at home and that the show
boasts of its popularity with children?
A. He fears that children will get hurt trying to imitate what they see on the show.
B. He thinks the show is being responsible by clearly telling children not to try these stunts at home.
C. He feels the show is producing a bad-boy image that will appeal to children.
D. He feels it may increase the number of children who want to become stuntmen.
4. What does the italicized word in the following sentence mean?
In the last fifteen years there has been a great increase in the number of television shows promoting risky
behavior.
A. inducing B. increasing C. popularizing D. emphasizing
5. What is the author showing with the discussion of mainstream American sponsors for The X Games?
A. that these games are no longer extreme
B. that the athletes eat Taco Bell fast food and Snickers bars, and they use VISA credit cards
C. that these games can draw interest from various parts of America
D. that even though many of the athletes in these games lead alternate lifestyles, corporations use them for
marketing purposes
Section II Strategy: Using Synonyms In the sentences below, the word in italics is inappropriate, bland,
or incorrect. Explain why each word is not a good choice and supply a better alternative.
1. When we found our cat, who had clearly been a stray, she was so dirty that we had to have her cleaned by
professionals.
2. After running a marathon in 9.0 degree heat, Stephen was tired.
3. Because she was so smart she started attending Harvard University at age 13.
4. Because the food he prepared was good, he was asked to cook for the White House.
5. She was surprised to find out that her father had been a spy for thirty years.
6. He was happy when he discovered that he had won $20 million in the lottery.
Section III Vocabulary: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the list below.
amputated aware fantasized scrunched sufficient
appalled despite prejudices snapped Summit
1. Because we didn't have ______ time or money, we didn't take a boat to the outer islands.
2. Her right arm was ______ at the elbow after a strange surfing accident.
3. I am not ______ of any research that suggests that an automobile is the best place to study a language.
4. The world was __________ by the terrible news.
5. While stuck in a cold prison cell in the north, Pieter ______ about sitting on a beach in Cuba enjoying the
sunshine.
6. I had to laugh when I saw the way they drove across the country. They had a ton of baggage and little room
for themselves. Their poor kids were ______ in the backseat along with a cooler and two suitcases.
7. We should reach the ______ of the mountain in about 15 minutes. From there we get to descend into town
and have lunch.
8. Time was running out, but he wanted to have a memento of this historic moment. He quickly ______ three
photos and shoved his camera back into his pack.
9. Her parents' ______ kept her from marrying a man of a different religious background.
10. ______ the fact that he is on a diet, he ate three scoops of ice cream for dessert.
Section IV Vocabulary from context Use the context to choose the best meaning for the italicized word.
1. Today it haunts me to drive down the freeway and see traffic slow so that drivers can RUBBERNECK
when there is an accident on the side of the road.
A. keep looking straight ahead B. avoid looking at something
C. turn their heads to observe D. have a lump in their throats
2. Likewise, many of us ask ourselves, who buys police chase videos that end in carnage?
A. disappointment B. disagreements C. arrests D. bloodshed
3. Some of the grotesque feats have included people being locked in boxes with rats, snakes, or scorpions and
people eating raw animal organs or mushed up earthworms.
A. curled B. squirming C. crushed D. living
4. It seems only a matter of time before the children who enjoy the show try to emulate it.
A. apply for B. copy C. outdo D. criticize
5. Although the sports are not mainstream and many of the athletes are not clean-cut, straight-laced types, the
marketing of these events has attracted conservative corporate America.
A. wearing normal shoes B. hippie C. conservative D. custodial
6. In this sport, contestants fly downhill on modified ice luges, attaining speeds of 70 miles per hour.
A. lift off the ground B. skate C. go very quickly D. go through the air
7. The athlete lies on his back approximately three inches off the ground on equipment that looks like a cross
between a sled and a coffee table with shortened legs.
A. a crucifix B. an intersection C. a combination of D. a struggle
The end

Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A. Like everything else in modern life, relationships have become the focus for extensive scientific study.
This has resulted in the development of a plethora of organizations, self-surveys, magazine articles, books,
and websites designed to help people learn how to have healthier, more enjoyable relationships.
B. The Washington, DC-based organization, Advocates for Youth, puts out information on how familics can
build stronger relationships among their members. After extensive study, this group came up with a list of the
features that make for a happy, nurturing family life. The first trait on the list is commitment. When people put
family first-before work or school activities or outside friendships-strong family relationships result. The
second mark of a close family is appreciation, Family members who express affection for each other, and look
for the positive not the negative, become much closer over time. A third important characteristic is simply
time spent together as a family. Some busy parents make sure to spend small amounts of "quality time" with
their children each week, but the research shows that the quantity of time also really matters a great deal. It
takes time to develop and maintain strong, loving relationships. They don't grow out of spending half an hour
together twice a week.
C. Psycholagists who study marriage have found that one way to help guarantee a happy marriage is to use a
prenuptial survey. One instrument that has received a lot of attention is the Premarital Personal Relationship
Survey, nicknamed "Prepare." This questionnaire was created by University of Minnesota family psychology
professor, David Olson. Originally it consisted of a few simple questions. The couple would then share their
individual results with each other and discuss their similarities and differences. The test has since expanded to
include 165 carefully-designed queries which clarify each person's attitudes toward money, sex, leisure time,
children, and many other crucial areas. In some places, clergy won't marry a couple unless they complete the
survey process together. Their aim is to create happier marital relationships and to help avoid marriages in
which the couple has little chance for happiness together.
D. A website sponsored by the Contra Costa County school system in California provides guidance to
teachers who want to help their students develop better interpersonal relationship with peers, school staff,
and family members. The site shows teachers how to incorporate social skills training into language arts
instruction. It demonstrates how to use stories, poems, and writing assignments in regular English textbooks to
focus on such skills as showing respect, resolving conflict, and giving compliments. This focus on building
relationships doesn't take time away from academic instruction, and it increases the chances for the students'
personal success
and happiness.
Section I: Reading Comprehension Section II: Strategy Choose the correct answer.
1. In paragraph A, the word plethora probably means 1. Which of the following does reading a chart for
A. groups B. few C. wide variety D. club information NOT involve?
2. In paragraph B, how many traits of strong A. Move your eyes quickly until you find the
families are discussed? information you want.
A. one B. two C. three D. four B. Write down all the important ideas you find.
3. What is the main idea of paragraph C? C. Ignore information that doesn’t answer the
A. Prenuptial surveys help guarantee a happy question you’re working on.
marriage. D. Skim for the general idea.
B. Prenuptial surveys must be long to work well. 2. Choose the most general statement below.
C. Many clergy require that couples take a A. Many websites help families learn how to build
prenuptial survey before getting married. stronger relationships.
D. Couples who don’t take a prenuptial survey have B. Many websites contain surveys that help couples
little chance for happiness. analyze their relationships.
4. What is the main idea of paragraph D? C. Many websites feature information about
A. The website makes use of textbooks. building relationships.
B. Students do reading and writing assignments. D. Many websites describe ways that teachers can
C. Students learn to show respect and give help students relate better.
compliments. 3. Which of the following does skimming NOT
D. The website helps teachers know how to help involve?
students learn social skills. A. summarizing the idea in a single sentence
5. In paragraph D, the word interpersonal probably B. looking at headings
means ……….. C. looking at photos D. noting the title
A. between two people B. impersonal 4. Choose the most specific statement below.
C. large-group D. secret A. There are four men and twelve women in my
6. What does writing down the key points in a “family living” class.
summary NEVER involve? B. There are sixteen people in my “family living”
A. the author’s opinion class.
B. main ideas C. Most of the students in my “family living” class
C. important facts are women.
D. your opinion D. All of the students in my “family living” class
have at least two children.
Section III: Match each word with the correct Section IV: Choose the correct antonym for each
definition. word.
1. a. not true 1. Flourish: A. get worse B. move quickly
breadwinner C. grow D. forget
2. cottage b. person who sends products to 2. Legal: A. easy to understand B. unimportant
other countries C. against the law D. official
3. valid c. legal 3. Radical: A. complete B. extreme
4. well-to-do d. person who earns money C. major D. minor
5. exporter e. large amount of flowing water 4. Blended: A. pleasant B. separated
6. palace f. small amount of flowing water C. strong D. interesting
7. fictitous g. small home 5. Advantageous: A. inexpensive B. slow-moving
8. nanny h. rich C. harmful D. guaranteed
9. tricklet i. very large home
10. torrent j. person who cares for children
Section V: Supplementary vocab. test. Read each item and then answer the vocabulary question below it
1. The brain is divided into many parts. Each part serves specific and important functions. The cerebrum is the
largest sending them to and most complex area of the brain. It controls thought, learning, and many other
activities. Which of the following is closest in meaning to area as it is used above?
A. part or section
B. a part of the size of a surface, calculated by multilpying the length by the width
C. a particular subject or group of related subjects
D. a particular an activity or a thought
2. By studying the pyramids of Egypt, researchers have learned a great deal about ancient Egyptian culture.
They have discovered, for example, that different social classes existed even in the earliest cities. Which of the
following is closest in meaning to culture as it is used above?
A. activities that are related to art, music, and literature
B. a society that existed at a particular time in history
C. a scientific experiment of people from a particular country
D. education of people in a certain social group
3. Timothy is going to ride his bike around the world. In order to see all the countries and sights he wants to,
before he begins his adventure, he will map his route.
Which of the following is the closest in meaning to map as used above?
A. to pack bags for a trip C. to plan the path of a trip
B. to prepare a bicycle for a trip D. to talk about something
4. With today's computer networks, the transmission of data from one place in the world to another can
happen instantly. Which of the following is closest in meaning to transmission as it is used above?
A. the process of working together on the same computer network
B. a job that involves traveling from one place to another
C. the set of parts of a vehicle that take power from the engine to the wheels
D. the process of sending information using electronic equipment
5. Roger has some annoying tendencies. For one thing, he's inclined to talk about himself and his
achievements.
Which of the following is closest in meaning to inclined as it is used above?
A. bending forward to say something
B. likely to do something or behave in a particular way
C. holding a particular opinion
D. talking a lot about the same thing
Reading two:
A Demographers closely watch increases and decreases in the world's populations. In recent decades, they
have
become extremely interested in a rapidly changing statistic-the fertility rate in countries.
B The fertility rate of a country is measured by averaging the number of babies that women have over their
lifetimes. From 1950 to 1999, the world fertility rate declined from approximately 5.0 to 2.8, a decrease of
about 44 percent. A fertility rate of 2.1 births per woman is considered "replacement fertility," the rate at
which a population remains stable.
C Currently, about half of the people of the world live in countries with "sub-replacement fertility," birth
rates under 2.1 percent. Urbanized, industrial countries generally have much lower fertility rates than rural,
agricultural societies. Hong Kong, for example, has a fertility rate of only 9.8 while Niger, in sub-Saharan
Africa has a fertility rate of 7.46, the world's highest.
D Demographers have a wide variety of explanations for the declines in birth rates. The truth is most likely a
combination of them. The number of urban areas is increasing. In urban areas, land is expensive, so families
cannot afford an apartment or house for a large family. In many societies, there is less pressure on men and
women to get married and have children. Contraception is more widely available, so couples are able to have
children only when they truly want them. The changing role of women in many societies is a factor cited by
many population experts. More of the world's women are going to college and getting jobs outside the home,
both of which may push couples to delay having children or to decide to have fewer children.
E Demographers are not in agreement over the long-term effects of falling fertility rates, but some trends are
clear now. In many industrialized countries, the population is ageing rapidly. A relatively small number of
young people will be working to pay for the social services and medical care of an increasingly large elderly
population.
Wealthy, urbanized countries may need a large influx of young immigrants from poorer, agricultural countries
in order to keep their societies operating smoothly.
F An additional effect of falling birth rates is the increased attention that parents lavish on their smaller
number of children. In industrialized countries, parents are spending more time with children, buying them
better clothes, and sending them to better schools than in the past. In addition, when a child dies, it is a much
greater tragedy for the family than in the days when there were seven or eight children in a family.
G For the long term, the effect of declining birth rates is difficult to predict. Some demographers believe that
the world's population will level off or slightly decline. Others believe that it will continue to grow, but at a
slower pace. Economists and sociologists tend to worry about the costs and social disruption that may
accompany an ageing population while a large number of environmentalists think that fewer people will mean
a healthier world with less pollution. The one thing that almost everyone agrees on is that the future will bring
big changes and that we need to keep studying the situation.
1. What is the best title for this reading?
A. Population Problems for Our Future B. Fertility Rates and the World
C. Falling Fertility Will Mean a Better World D. Rural to Urban Immigration
2. Which of the following is not mentioned in this article as a cause for declining birth rates?
A. women working more B. availability of birth control
C. increasing urbanization D. increasing levels of pollution
3. What is the best synonym for the word in italics in the sentence below?
A relatively small number of young people will be working to pay for the social services and medical care of
an increasingly large elderly population.
A. immigrant B. industrialized C. aged D. fertile
4. Which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?
A. The short-term effects of declining fertility rates are easier to understand than the long-term effects.
B. The main cause of the decline in world fertility rates is the increasing independence of women.
C. The world's population will decrease significantly in the next century,
D. We understand the causes and effects of declining fertility rates quite well.
5. In the following sentence, what does the pronoun them refer to? "Demographers have a wide variety of
explanations for the declines in birth rates. The truth is most likely a combination of them."
A. explanations B. demographers C. birth rates D. declines
Section II Drawing Conclusions from a Table Answer the questions below each of the following tables.
Table 1: Comparative Sales by Region and Year
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
NE 8% 12% 0.5% (-20%) 0%
SW 10% 11% 3% 2% 0%
1. How many columns of data are there in this table? _____________________
2. How many rows of data are there in this table? _____________________
3. In what year did the SW region have its greatest percent of sales? _____________________
4. In how many years did the company experience no growth or a decrease in sales in at least one region?
Table 2: Participants in Study
# of participants (N) % smokers % women
Group A 2300 42.4 52.5
Group B 19.50 43.1 51.6
5. What is the total number of participants in this study? ___________________
6. What percent of the participants in group A were men? _____________________
7. What percent of the participants in group B were nonsmokers? ___________________
Table 3: Clif & Power Bars
Total calories Total Fat (calories) Protein (grams)
Clif Bar 250 50 12
Power Bar 240 30 10
8. Which bar has more fat?________________ 9. Which bar has more protein? ________________________
10. Which bar has fewer calories? __________________
Section III Vocabulary Fill in the blanks with a word from the vocabulary list below.
annoyed dilemma emigrated privacy status
craved dreaded frostered prospects Withdraw
1. He was uncertain of what to do in such a horrendous _________ so he called his parents to ask their
advice.
2. After being diagnosed with cancer, Lance Armstrong's ________ for living were not good, let alone those
for winning the Tour de France.
3. After failing to meet her sales quota for the third straight quarter, Pamela ________ meeting with her boss
on Monday morning.
4. Just as there are "bare branches" in India and China, there are towns in Mexico where 50 percent of the men
between the ages of 15 and 30 have _________ to the United States.
5. When I was young, a Cadillac had prestige and ________. Now people think of them as cars for old folks.
6. My wife's diet during her pregnancy was pretty normal. The only foods she ________ were crisp.
7. They don't want the neighbor's new home to be built so close to theirs because they feel they will lose their
_________.
8. She _________ me so much with her nagative attitude that I haven’t called her in twp weeks.
9. The lack of ethics in Washington has ________ so many scandals that another Jimmy Carter could be
elected president.
10. For two years, they have been promising that the troops would ________ and that instead they they would
just leave advisors there. However, I haven't seen any soldiers coming home.

Section IV Vocabulary from Context Write the meaning of the words in italics on the line below each
sentence. You may scan the reading for more context. The phrases are listed in the order of their appearance in
the reading.
1. We often choose partners who remind us of significant pepple from our childhood-often our parents.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Psychologists identify patterns of behavior that iccur again and again.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. At home point, governments consider how they can export their problem, either by encouraging emigration
if young adult men or harnessing their energies in martial adventures abroad.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. A fertility rate of 2.1 births per woman is considered “replacement fertility”, the rate at which a population
remains stable.
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Wealthy, urbanized countries may need a large influx of young immigrations from poorer, argricultural
countries in order to keep their societies operating smoothly.
____________________________________________________________________________________
The end
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
A The 2005 film The Constant Gardener, directed by Fernando Meirelles and based upon John le Carre's
rovel. brought popular attention to another problematic aspect of globalization: international drug research.
The film tells the story of Justin Quayle, a low-level British diplomat stationed in Kenya, whose wife is
suddenly killed. As he looks for her murderers, he discovers the dangerous research a European drug company
is conducting on poor Africans. His wife had discovered the same research. In order to create a safe
tuberculosis drug to be sold in the West, a Dutch drug manufacturer has forced a community of villagers to
participate in their tests. The villagers have been told that they would not receive any medical attention if they
refuse. With the help of British and Kenyan officials on their payroll, the company covered up the many
deaths caused by the research. When Justin's wife threatened to reveal them, they killed her.
B Although this is just a film, it presents some parallels with the real world. Western drug researchers,
whether corporate or nonprofit, conduct tests on people in developing countries, such as Kenya in exchange
for money or health care. Wealthier nations protect their citizens by requiring evidence that new drugs work
safely and effectively before they allow them to be sold to the public. But the laws in these affluent countries
make it difficult for drug companies to conduct tests on citizens. For example, the American drug company
Pfizer went into Nigeria in 1996 when that country was suffering from a widespread epidemic of bacterial
meningitis. At the time, Pfizer was trying to get approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
for its new antibiotic, Trovan. In the US, the company needed proof that Trovan, which was delivered in a pill
form, would work as well as the standard antibiotic that was delivered through an injection needle. In order to
receive this proof, Pfizer gave equal numbers of children the pill and the injection. At the end of the trial, both
groups suffered the same number of deaths. Based on the high numbers of children in these test groups, the
FDA gave the company approval to market oral Trovan to children with meningitis. Yet some critics claim
that it was unethical to test an unproven drug in the middle of an epidemic. Others are disturbed by the fact
that the injected drug was given in smaller quantities than usual.
C The ethical dilemma of this and similar cases is compounded by the fact that while new drugs are often
tested in poor countries, their results are rarely applied or available there. Also, drug researchers seldom seek
to prevent diseases like malaria, polio, and other common threats to good health in the developing world.
Section I Reading comprehension Section II: Strategy. Each question refers directly
1. Western drug researchers work in the developing to certain words in the passage.
world in order to - 1. A different way to say that the film "brought
A. prevent diseases like malaria and polio. popular attention to another problematic aspect of
B. produce thrilling movies everybody will enjoy. globalization" is: ___
C. save Nigerian children from dying of meningitis. A. The film made people think critically about
D. prove that new drugs will safely and effectively globalization.
cure sicknesses. B. The film made globalization even more popular
2. Critics of the American company Pfizer claim than it already is.
they received FDA approval for the new meningitis C. The film has many different aspects.
antibiotic Trovan by D. The film is very popular.
A. testing it against an inadequate dosage of the 2. Another way to say the film has "some parallels
standard meningitis antibiotic. with the real world" is:
B. delivering it to patients in a pill form. A. The film reflects something that is real.
C. delivering it to patients through an injection B. The film is not real at all.
needle. C. The film is made in the real world.
D. making it difficult to conduct tests on their own D. The film is a documentary.
citizens. 3. The word affluent is used in Paragraph B. What is
3. The word "corporate" in paragraph B probably a synonym for affluent?
means A. poor B. rich C. large D. small
A. rich. B. poor C. relating to business 4. Another way to say "The ethical dilemma of this
D. not profitable. and similar cases thickens" is: ____
4. Justin Quayle is ……………..
A. a drug researcher. A. International drug research has proven to be more

B. a current low-level Kenyan diplomat. concerned with profits than with saving lives.
C. a character in a movie. B. International drug research continues to raise
D. a tuberculosis patient. more and more questions on right and wrong.
5. The writer of the above passage --- C. International drug research has proven to bring
A. is neutral toward the subject of international drug good health to the whole world.
research. D. All of the above
B. believes that international drug research will 5. Another way to say "Drug researchers seldom
create a healthier world. seek to prevent diseases like malaria, polio, and
C. is critical of international drug research. other common threats to good health in the
D. believes that all international drug research must developing world" is:
stop now. A. Drug researchers are more concerned with
diseases that are common in wealthy countries.
B. Malaria and polio are easy to cure.
C. Drug researchers are more concerned with
diseases that are common in poor countries.
D. People in wealthy countries suffer from malaria
and policy.
Section III: New words. Fill in the blanks with words from the Section IV: Building Vocabulary
box. Match the words on the left with the
compensation virtually acquiring found affluent synonyms on the right
hence benefits physical communities Prevent 1. looks for a. searches
1. It is difficult to judge the [1] _______ of international drug 2. goes on the b. contagious
research because there is so much controversy surrounding the trail disease
issue. 3. manufacturer c. proof
2. There are many [2] _______ all over the world that do not have 4. evidence d. is assigned to
access to adequate health care. 5. epidemic e. maker
3. What do you think would be fair [3] _______ for participating in
a clinical test of a new drug?
4. [4] ________ all nations stand to gain from more research into
world health issues.
5. Our sense of [5] _______ well-being is essential to leading
productive lives.
6. The need to [6] ________ unethical research pratices is very
strong.
7. People in [7] ________ countries tend to take many things for
granted. Since they have everything they want, they have [8]
_______ little need to question where things come from.
8. [9] _______ information about the business practices of large
corporations is often very difficult and time-comsuming, [10]
_______ it is important to keep abreast of current events and the
daily news.
Sections V: Vocab.test: Circle the correct alternative
1. At medical centers throughout the United States, researchers are conducting investigations into the causes
of heart disease. Which of the following is closest in meaning to conducting as it is used above?
A. carrying out an activity or process in order to get information or prove facts
B. directing the playing of an orchestra, band, etc.
C. carrying something like electricity or heat to cure heart disease
D. guiding or leading someone somewhere

2. In recent years, it seems that headlines and articles about war and violence have occupied the front pages of
newspapers everywhere. Which of the following is closest in meaning to occupied as it is used above?
A. taken up time B. lived in a place C. controlled a place by military force D. filled a particular amount of
space
3. Studies in public schools have shown that exposure to art and music has many benefits for children. It
improves their literacy, critical thinking, and math skills. Which of the following is closest in meaning to
exposure as it is used above?
A. a situation in which someone is not protected from risk or danger
B. attention that someone gets from newspapers, television, etc.
C. the chance to experience something
D. the act of showing something that is usually hidden
4. Ronald and James are roommates in a university dormitory. They have frequent arguments because Ronald
prefers to go to sleep early and James always stays up late. Also, Ronald likes quiet while he studies, but
James insists that loud music helps him concentrate. How can James and Ronald resolve these conflicts?
Which of the following is closest in meaning to resolve as it is used above?
A. make a definite decision to do something C. gradually change into something else
B. solve again using new techniques D. find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or
difficulty
5. It is important that students learn to read and write before they go to college. In particular, they need to
practice reading on their own and learn how to write a succinct and logical argument. Which of the following
is the closest in meaning to succinct as used above?
A. taking a long time to explain B. correct C. original D. clearly and concisely expressed
Reading two:
A Tourists to Spain have a wealth of architectural treasures to choose from during their visits: Rome ruins,
Moorish palaces, splendid cathedrals, and more recently, the magnificent works of Gaudit in Barcelona. This
tradition of architectural excellence has been continued with the construction in Bilbao, Spain of the
Guggenhei Museum Bilbao, a building that upon its completion in 19. 9. 7, was immediately acclaimed as a
masterpiece.
B The Guggenheim Foundation, which was responsible for the new museum, has a long history of building
architecturally significant art museums, starting with the Guggenheim Museum in New York City, which was
designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. The architect in Bilbao was Frank Gehry, one of the present era's most
celebrated architects. Gehry is famous for using metallic surfaces and organic shapes, such as complex curves.
which make his buildings look more like living creatures than cold, dead obiects.
C The new museum in Bilbao gave the Guggenheim Foundation a way to exhibit more of its extensive art
collections and to help the city of Bilbao move away from its traditional focus on industry to a more balanced
economy that included tourism. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is located on the Nervion River, which runs
through the city. As Bilbao has a long history as a port where Basque fishermen put out to sea, the museum's
basic shape is that of a ship with the walls' titanium panels reminiscent of fish scales.
D Gehry is a strong advocate of using computers in the design and actual construction of his buildings. For
the Bilbao museum, Gehry used a computer program called Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive
Application. This allowed Gehry to use computer simulations of the building that allowed the construction of
shapes that architects in the past would not have been able to build.
E An additional remarkable aspect of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is that it was constructed on time and
on budget, an extremely rare occurrence in the world of big construction projects. Gehry has very strong ideas

about managing the design and construction of large projects and outlined three critical concepts for Bilbao.
First, he made sure that his artistic vision of the building prevailed. Politicians and businesspeople were not
given the opportunity to change his design. Second, he made sure that the time and cost estimates for the
museum were detailed and accurate. Finally, using his extremely detailed design plans for the building, he
worked closely with the contractors who actually built the museum to control building costs.
F The completed museum has 11,000 square meters of exhibition space in 19. galleries arranged around a
central atrium. The largest artworks are displayed in a special gallery that is 30 meters wide and 130 meters
long. The permanent collections of the museum cover the entire 20th century, but also contain extensive
examples from contemporary artists including works by Basque and Spanish artists. Temporary exhibitions
round out the permanent collections.
G The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is in all aspects a remarkable structure. It will contribute to our
understanding of art and architecture for many years to come.
A. Spanish Architecture and Frank Gehry B. Bilbao's Architectural Jewels
C. Gehry and the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao D. The Life of Frank Gehry
2. What aspect of Bilbao's history and culture does the museum design reflect?
A. its tradition of architectural excellence B. its religious and political influence
C. its long art heritage D. its involvement with the sea
3. In the following sentences, what does the italicized word mean?
He made sure that his artistic vision of the building prevailed. Politicians and businesspeople were not given
the opportunity to change his design.
A. mental picture B. control C. eyesight D. prediction
4. Which of the following is not mentioned as one of Gehry's ideas for managing large construction projects?
A. working closely with contractors to control costs
B. ensuring that all of the workers are paid on time
C. making sure that all time and cost estimates are accurate
D. keeping artistic control of the project for himself
5. Which of the following descriptions best describes Frank Gehry's ideas about architecture?
A. A building's function and cost are much more important that whether it is beautiful or not.
B. A building must be beautiful, but does not have to be related to the area it's built in.
C. Architects must include the ideas of politicians and business people in their designs.
D. With modern technology, designs can be created that better reflect the ideas of the architect.
Section II Strategy Below you will find five topic sentences each followed by two supporting paints. Rank
the two supporting paints in terms of streneth. Place a number 1 in front of the weaker or less convincing
point. Plas number 2 in front of the stronger or more convincing point. (6 points each)
1. People in this state need to get more exercise. We are currently rated as the least healthy state in the Union.
_______ Our people look overweight and thus seem unattractive,

_______ Our health costs are among the highest in the country due to obesity.
2. It is imperative that we conserve gasoline in these difficult times.
_______ The price of gasoline is very high. If we use less, the price will decline.
_______ The world has a limited supply of fossil fuels which is being used more quickly than ever. We will
use up before scientists develop alternative fuels if we do not conserve.
3. Greyhound dog racing should be prohibited.
________ Greyhound dogs are abused in their training and discarded when they can no longer race.
________ Greyhound dog racing hurts the revenues of horse racing, which is a more dignified sport and
employee more people.
4. In the United States, it is important that Hispanic children learn Spanish.
________ By learning Spanish, they will be able to travel to visit their relatives with greater ease,
________ By being bilingual, they will be able to fill many important jobs in both the private and public
sector,
5. A statistics course should be a graduation requirement in high school.
________ Currently, only a small percentage of Americans know the difference between a mean, a mode, and
median.
________ A basic knowledge of statistics, such as probability and averaging, is essential in everyday life,
Section III New Words Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the list below. (1.5 points each)
aspiring actresses gossip nose job redefined shimmer
go under the knife honnor flicks prominent retracted standard
1. My girlfriend and I rarely go to the movies together. She likes artistic movies while I prefer ____________
2. The biggest problem I had growing up in a small town was the _____________. In a large city, people don’t
care so much about other people’s business.
3. The American system of measurement is being used less and less. The metric system is really the world
_______________
4. Henry Ford did not invent the automobile but he __________________ the way the world thought about it.
5. Because the reporter was unwilling to reveal her sources, the newspaper has _________________the story.
6. Whenever I hear Otis Redding's song "(Sittin) On the Dock of the Bay," I recall our dinner sitting in a
windor booth watching the moonlight _________________________on the San Francisco Bay.
7. Baseball players' most common injuries are to their throwing arms. Last year our team had three player
_________________________for tendon and ligament repair.
8. Because he is the son of a __________________ politician, he cannot allow himself to get into any trouble.
9. She must have had a ________________Last month she looked like Pinocchio, and now her nose is smaller
than yours.
10. Hollywood is filled with ___________________who, due to a lack of work, end up working as waitresses.
Section IV Building Vocabulary Match the word from the academic vocabulary list on the left with its
definition synonym from the column on the right. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank in front of
each word. (1.5 points each)

_____1. trend a. a group of people who share a common language, culture, or background
_____ 2. export b. depend on
_____ 3. image c. start or crate
_____ 4. region d. help or advance
_____ 5. ethinic e. representation
_____ 6. establish f. ship or sell abroad
_____ 7. benefit g. pattern of popularity
_____ 8. bank on h. area, location, or part of a state or province
_____ 9. concerted i. most common, accepted or normal
_____ 10. standard j. planned
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST FIVE - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A Fiber optic cables have many advantages over copper wire, which used to be the material of choice for
transmitting telephone and other communication signals such as television from one point to another. To begin
with. fiber optic cable is cheaper to manufacture than copper wire. Secondly, it is lighter and thinner, so it
takes up less space. In addition, fiber optic cables distort the signals much less than copper wires do, and low-
power transmitters can be used with fiber optics instead of the high- voltage transmitters needed for copper
wires. That saves a lot of money. New fiber optic cables offer so many advantages that copper wire
connections for telephones, television, the Internet, and other communication services may soon be a thing of
the past.
B The main characteristics of fiber optic cables are that they are very flexible and deliver an extremely clear
picture. This makes them invaluable in situations where very clear images are needed and space is severely
limited. For this reason, many medical devices used inside the human body, including some that are used for
surgery, feature fiber optic technology. Today, gall bladder operations can be performed using a laparoscope
which contains a camera and tiny surgical tools connected to a viewing screen by fiber optic cables. There is
no need for a large incision; the surgeon inserts the laparoscope containing a fiber optic cable through the
belly button and takes out the gall bladder in tiny pieces.
C The part of the fiber optic cable that light travels though is called the core. It is the flexible glass center of
the cable. Wrapped around the core is a layer called the cladding. Its purpose is to reflect all the light in the
core back into the core without letting any escape. Wrapped around the cladding is yet another layer called the
buffer coating. It protects the inside of each strand from damage and moisture. The cables you see running to
your television set or connecting computers in an office are actually bundles of many separate fiber optic
strands. What you see on the outside is called the jacket, the final covering that holds all the strands together.
D But just how does a fiber optic cable work? Imagine what it looks like to shine a flashlight down a long
straight hall, lighting up the space. Then imagine that the hall suddenly has hundreds of twists and turns. How
are you going to get that light to travel around corners? You can do it by lining the hall with mirrors. The
cladding in a fiber optic cable is actually a mirrored surface that produces that same effect. Optical generators
every half mile or so boost the power of the light signals. This combination delivers crystal clear images over
distances of hundreds of miles.
Section I: Reading comprehension Section II: Strategy. Choose the correct answer
1. What is the main idea of paragraph A? 1. New fiber optic cables offer so many advantages
A. Most communications signals used to be carried that copper wire connections for telephones,
by copper wires. television, the Internet, and other communication
B. Fiber optic cables are lighter and cheaper than services may soon be a thing of the past. What does
copper wires. a thing of the past mean?
C. Fiber optic cables have many advantages. A. no longer used
D. Copper wires may soon be a thing of the past. B. a better way of doing things
2. What is the meaning of the word invaluable in C. an important part of the history of
paragraph B? communications
A. very useful B. awkward D. very useful
C. useless D. expensive 2. The hurricane was so strong it blew the car over
3. The outer layer of a fiber optic cable is called the onto its roof. Which compound word means the
A. cladding B. core same as blew the car over onto its roof?
C. buffer coating D. jacket A. overcame the car C. downloaded the car
4. Which paragraph in the reading passage is B. upended the car D. undertook the car
organized from general to specific? 3. What is the first step in creating n informal study
A. A B. B C. C D. D outline?
5. What is the meaning of crystal clear in paragraph A. Making a list of examples
D? B. Making a list of points with regular numbers
A. shiny B. like a mirror C. Writing a brief summary
D. Making a list of points with roman numerals
C. extremely accurate D. moving 4. Which compound adjective best describes fiber
optic cables?
A. low-tech C. light-weight
B. little-known D. high-priced
5. If you find a word you don’t understand near the
beginning of an article. What should you do?
A. Skimming the whole article for general
information and then return to the word.
B. Read the article two or three times and then
return to the word.
C. Change the word to another part of speech.
D. Scan the article for a definition of the word.
Section IV: Building Vocabulary. Complete each sentence with Section III: New Words. Match each word
the correct compound word given with the correct definition
handmade home- machine- newlywed small- 1. braking a. form of transportation
based washable scale 2. efficient b. accept an electronic file
speedway timepiece top hat well-read worn out 3. data c. add electricity to sth
1. Two hundred years ago, clothes were all ____________. 4. scenario d. plan
2. All of our furniture is very old and ____________. 5. charge e. stopping
3. Today most people buy only ___________ clothes because dry 6. f. side by side
cleaning is expensive. handmade
4. Professor Franklin knows a lot. She’s a ___________ person. 7. g. well-organized
5. It’s a __________ restaurant. There are only seats for ten interwoven
people. 8. h. closely connected
6. Linda just got married. She’s a __________. download
7. My grandfather’s watch is my favorite _________. 9. vehicle i. information
8. My aunt makes birthday cakes in her house and sells them. 10. parallel j. not manufactured
She has a ___________ business.
9. At formal weddings the groom wears a tuxedo and a
__________.
10. My brother likes to race his car at a nearby __________.
Reading two:
A The state of Florida moves fast. Its history is packed with stories of people coming in and going out. It
constantly changing and facing new challenges.
B In the beginning, events in Florida unfolded rather slowly. Florida was inhabited by Native American
tribes, sup as the Calusa and Timucua, for thousands of years before the Europeans arrived. The Spanish came
to Florida the 16th century and established a few settlements, never truly controlling the peninsula. Through
the next these centuries, Florida changed hands several times between Spain and Britain, finally ending up as
part of the Unite States in 1819.
C It was in the 20th century that the pace of change exploded. From 1900 to 2000, the population of Florid
increased from about 530,000 to almost 16,000,000. By the end of the century, there was a diverse mix of
peop living in Florida, most of whom had not been born there. Much has been written about the contributions
of Cuban working in cigar factories, Greeks diving for sponges, and Central Americans laboring on farms.
Attracted by th mild weather, senior citizens, including a large Jewish population, arrived by the thousands.
These retired peopl were responsible for a building boom on the coasts, especially in Miami and around
Tampa Bay.
D Florida's economy has been going through a transformation similar to that of its population. At the
beginning o the 20th century, Florida's economy was firmly grounded in agriculture, cattle raising, and
fishing. With the

coming of railroads early in the century, however, tourism began to provide significant revenue for the state
Large hotels were built in Miami and crept northward along the Atlantic coast. As a major force in Florida
economy, tourism took a giant leap with the opening of Disneyworld in 19. 71. Other major tourist attractions
such as Sea World and Universal Orlando Resort, followed Disney and now central Florida is dominated by
the tourist industry.
E In the 21st century, Florida faces new challenges and changes. The ever-increasing population is creating
giganti suburbs that spread out from Florida's cities. This urban sprawl has resulted in crowded roads,
threatened wildlife pollution, and worries about the state's water supply. The greatest potential problems for
the state, however, coms from climate.
F Research published in 2005, shows that the number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes-the largest ones-
doubled from 1970 to 2005. Florida lies directly in the path of Atlantic hurricanes. Peter Webster and Judith
Curry, I scientists who did the research, believe that this increase in hurricane frequency and intensity is
directly tied global warming. Other scientists who are studying increases in Earth's temperature worry that the
faster thanexpected melting of the polar ice caps and glaciers may raise sea levels by as much as 20 feet, a rise
lid would pet about half of Florida ander water. If these researchers are correct about global warming, Florida
must accept its share of the blame for the problem as the state is the United States fifth-largest producer of
greenhouse gases. the chemicals blamed for global warming.
G In the 21st century, Florida will continue to experience rapid and continual change. The people of Florida
will be challenged to come up with creative solutions for a variety of problems.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for this reading?
A. The Future of Florida B. Florida in the 20th Century
C. Florida, a State in Transition D. Florida's Economy
2. Which industry did not decrease in importance in Florida during the 20th century?
A. tourism B. agriculture C. cattle raising D. fishing
3. What does the italicized word mean in the following sentence?
Attracted by the mild weather, senior citizens arrived by the thousands. These retired people were responsible
for a building boom on the coasts.
A. well-educated workers looking for factory jobs B. people from countries that have cold climates
C. older people who have stopped working full time D. well-trained construction workers, like
carpenters
4. What may cause Florida disastrous problems in the future?
A. crowded roads around urban areas B. a lack of pure drinking water
C. suburbs spreading out from its cities D. Increases in the world's temperature
5. What does the italicized phrase mean in the sentence below?
The ever-increasing population is creating gigantic suburbs that spread out from Florida's cities. This urban
sprawl has resulted in crowded roads, threatened wildlife, pollution, and worries about the state's water
supply. A. an environment that becomes completely polluted B. more people in the center of an urban area
C. cities and suburbs that keep getting bigger D. many people selling their homes and leaving
Florida
Section II Strategy: Identify the main idea and one supporting detail in each of the five paragraphs below.
1. The basics of matchmaking are simple. After collecting information about marriageable men and women, a
matchmaker decides which would be a good match. Sometimes the matchmaker represents the male or his

family and therefore assesses available females. Sometimes the matchmaker represents the female side and
looks at available males. In still other cases, the matchmaker is an independent judge, representing neither side
but hoping to make a choice that will satisfy both.
Main Idea
________________________________________________________________________________
Supporting Deatail
_________________________________________________________________________
neronine be al After collecting wingernedtion about nons satisfy both untos
2. The Taj Mahal is a balanced and symmetric grouping of buildings. A harmonious synthesis of the
architecture of Persia, India, and central Asia, it combines, for example, the traditional design of Mogul
gardens with the characteristically Indian use of minarets, or towers, and a dominant dome. The placement of
a dome over an arched alcove is a characteristic of Persian architecture, successfully adapted in the Taj Mahal
to a Mogul design.
Main Idea
________________________________________________________________________________
Supporting Detail
__________________________________________________________________________
3. English prevails in transportation and the media. The language of the international transportation airwaves
is English. Pilots and air traffic controllers speak English at all international airports. Maritime traffic uses flag
and light signals, but "if vessels needed to communicate verbally, they would find a common language, which
would probably be English," says the U.S. Coast Guard's Werner Siems.
Main Idea
________________________________________________________________________________
Supporting Detail
__________________________________________________________________________
4. The world is losing languages at an alarming rate. Michael Krauss suggested that of the approximately
6,000 human languages alive today, only 350 to 500 are safe from extinction. Some linguists estimate that a
language dies every two weeks or so. At the current rate, by 2100, 2,500 native languages could disappear.
Main Idea
________________________________________________________________________________
Supporting Detail
__________________________________________________________________________
5. One reality program routinely tests the abilities of contestants to persevere in extremely dangerous stunts as
well as perform trials. Contestants might rappel down a rope from a helicopter or jump from one moving
vehicle to another while driving on a freeway. Some of the trials have included people being locked in boxes
wit snakes. Or scorpions and co few y Some nint organs or mushed up earthwvorms. The show has been
criticized by animal rights activists.
Main Idea
________________________________________________________________________________
Supporting Detail
__________________________________________________________________________
Section III New Words Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the list below.
concrete exquisite polluted restrictions significance
exorbitant financial rejuvenate roamed Waste
1. Because of their ____________ problems, they sold their house and moved into an inexpensive apartment.
2. The professor argued that personal experience lacks ____________ in academic papers.
4. The state of Nevada, which is lairly diy and does not have active earthquakes, has a long history of making
by burying nuclear ____________.
4. After hearing the news, I was in a daze and went out for a walk. I wasn't going anywhere in particular, and
just _____________ around for an hour or two.

5. The prices in their store were ___________, so I went to the supermarket and found what I needed at half
the price.
6. The politician's promises were interesting but lacked details. The voters wanted something more
___________.
7. As gas prices have soared and commuting times increased, many people have returned to the inner city
_____________ old homes and rundown neighborhoods.
8. There are more _________ on my life when I am in my parent's small town. In the city. I feel completely
free.
9. You cannot swim or fish in that lake because it is _____________. We hope to have it cleaned up within a
couple of years.
10. She has _____________ taste. Her house looks like a photograph from a magazine.
Section IV Building Vocabulary Choose the correct synonym of the italicized word in each sentence. Be
careful to choose antonyms or words that sound like the correct answer.
1. One of England's goals, as that of most colonizers, was to extract profit and goods from its colonies.
A. search B. iniect C. take D. extradite
2. After I moved to the city, I forgot about my religion and my commitments, in the sense that you had to pray.
A. obligations B. institutions C. results D. liberties
3. When you live in a small village and do something bad, you are free from society who normally criticize
you.
A. disapprove of B. classicize C. organize D. compliment
4. A popular definition of a refugee is a person in flight from a desperate situation, whether it be war, a
change borders, or political or religious persecution.
A. destitute B. encouraging C. hopeless D. clashing
5. Do you know, all of our acquaintances advised me to travel in my oldest clothes so that I could discard the
without regret here.
A. pollute B. hold on to C. throwaway D. discredit
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST SIX - MOSAIC

Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A The Yen, the Dollar, the Quetzal, or the Peso-no matter what the currency is called, money is an important
part of life in nearly every culture today and has been throughout history. The concept of money dates back
thousands of years. Originally, money did not consist of metal coins or paper bills. Rather, people paid for
things with objects that were useful and therefore considered valuable. We sometimes call this commodity
money. Some examples of commodity money used throughout history are iron nails, rare seashells, bread, and
livestock, such as pigs or cattle.
B Salt and other spices were also once used as money. In fact, the word salary (the money that employees are
paid weekly or monthly by their employers) is derived from the Latin word salarium meaning a payment made
in salt. The expression He's (not) worth his salt is probably derived from this, because it was used to mean that
someone's work was (or wasn't) worth the amount of money (or salt) he or she was being paid. There is ex
also evidence that, during the Middle Ages, pepper was used as a form of money, hence the old French saying
As dear as pepper. In England, one could actually pay one's rent in pepper! Even in more modern times is
commodity money has been used in cases where there was no access to actual currency. An example of this
was during and after World War II in Europe, where tobacco was often used in place of money.
C Certain metals, such as gold, silver, and copper have been used as commodity money for thousands of
years. Metals were exchanged in the form of jewelry and nuggets (small lumps) and eventually appeared in
the form of coins around 560 B.C.E The use of metals coins as money became widespread after the use of the
touchstone was discovered. The touchstone enabled people to find how much of a certain type of metal was
contained in a nugget and therefore determine its value. Eventually, the system of representative money
emerged in the form of paper bills. This system is called representative money, because the paper itself is of
very little intrinsic value, but is based on its correlation to a valued commodity, such as gold.
D Currencies and methods of transaction seem to be constantly evolving. An example of this is the use of
electronic money, money that is transferred electronically. Thanks to modern technology and electronic
money, people are now able to pay their bills, transfer funds from one account to another, and receive their
paychecks from their employers without ever stepping into a bank. It looks like the concept of money is here
to stay, but we are probably still in for more surprising changes in the future.
Section I: Reading comprehension Section II: Strategy. Choose the correct answer
1. What is the main idea of the reading passage? 1. In paragraph A, considered probably means……..
A. Commodity money was used before coins and A. thought of B. traded
paper money. C. valued D. represented
B. Money has always been an important part of life. 2. In paragraph B. the Latin word salarium
C. Salt is a very valuable substance. means….
D. Money will soon be a thing of the past. A. salty B. valuable
2. According to the reading passage, when was C. a payment in salt D. a touchstone
pepper used as a form of commodity money in 3. In paragraph B, derived from probably means…..
Europe? A. traded B. came from
A. during World War II C. thousands of years ago C. changed D. discovered
B. present day D. during the Middle Ages 4. In paragraph B, dear probably means………..
3. According to the reading passage, which item was A. small B. delicious
often used in place of money in Europe after World C. valuable D. worthless
War II? 5. In paragraph C, intrinsic probably
A. rare shells B. bread C. tobacco D. iron nails means…………
4. In paragragh C, determine probably means …….. A. matallic B. expensive
A. weigh B. decide C. increase D. test C. rare D. natural
5. Which of the following does the article NOT
meantion as something people can now do without
going to a bank?
A. pay their bills C. transfer funds
B. deposit their paychecks D. buy food and
clothing
Section III: New words. Complete the sentences with the words Section IV: Building
below. Vocabulary. Match the word on
enormous metality specialties succulent transform the left with the suffix on the right
affordable amicable anticipated convenienc inclined that changes its part of speech
e 1. danger a. -ity
1. The new movie theater in downtown Los Angeles has 28 screens, 2. afford b. -ion
making it the biggest movie theater in California. It’s _________. 3. protect c. -able
2. I was ________ to tell Marta that her outfit didn’t match, but 4. power d. -ous
decided not to because she’s very self-conscious as it is. 5. technical e. -ful
3. Many people consider shopping online to be a real ________, as it
saves them from having to spend a lot of time in their cars and in
shopping malls.
4. Karen has a very positive ________ and always sees the bright side
of every situation. That’s probably why she’s always so happy.
5. The company’s Chief Financial Officer increased our department’s
budget last year, because she ________ our sales would go up 10%
over the previous year.
6. These strawberries are perfectly ripe. They are delicious and so
________.
7. James found that living in New York City was too expensive, so he
decided to move somewhere where housing was more _________.
8. Even though Ana and Peter are divorced, their relationship is
________ and they still call each other on their birthdays.
9. It’s amazing how new furniture can ________ a room. Our living
room looks completely different!
10. That shop sells some delicious Italian ________, such as olives,
fresh pasta, and many different kinds of cheese.
Reading two:
A For many centuries scholars and scientists have been trying to figure out how the human brain produces an
comprehends human language. The ancient Greeks knew that iniuries to the head could limit language use and
came up with the term aphasia, which we still use today to refer to language problems associated with a hea
injury. The best way to examine language in the brain, until very recently, was by examining injuries to the
hea or brain and pinpointing their location and then examining the type, if any, of language impairment. This
wa usually done through a postmortem examination of a patient's brain. Much of the brain damage in older
peopl was caused by strokes, while in younger people the damage was usually the result of a trauma. We have
know for many years that among victims, a stroke in the left side of the brain affects the right side of the body
and vic versa. Through studying brain injuries, we also know that human language is much more present in
the lef hemisphere than in the right. One interesting aspect of brain injuries in bilingual patients is that
sometimes on language will be affected while the other will not. This too has to do with how the brain stores
language.
B One of the first scientists to empirically study human language and the brain was Paul Broca, a French
surgeon Broca found that speech production was hampered by injuries to the left frontal cortex. Patients with
injuries to the left frontal cortex can frequently comprehend language perfectly well but are incapable of
producing mud speech. This area of the brain has been given the name Broca's area, and people suffering from
speech loss due to Section I an injury there have Broca's aphasia.
C The opposite type of injury also occurs, in which a patient can produce strings of words that sound normal
but has difficulty comprehending speech. Also, if one pays close attention to the patient's message, we find
that usually the words are mixed together in a strange order that really makes no sense. The part of the brain
that controls these functions of speech are farther back, lower and deeper in the brain. This region has become
known
as Wernicke's area after Karl Wernicke, the German doctor who found the correlation between comprehension
difficulties and this area of the brain in the 1870s.
D Clearly, language production and comprehension are not completely independent of each other. There is a
bundle of nerves called the arcuate faciculus that connects Broca's area to Wernicke's area. Injuries to this area
of the brain are much scarcer than to the other areas mentioned. When the arcuate fasciculus is damaged, the
resulting aphasia is called conductive aphasia. Patients with this type of injury usually have good
comprehension of language and can articulate speech well, but their delivery is problematic. Their speech is
riddled with unnatural stops and pauses.
1. What is the best title of this reading?
A. Doctors and their Aphasias B. What the Greeks Discovered About Language
C. Language Loss and the Brain D. How the Brain Functions with Language
2. Where in the brain is speech production located?
A. in the right and left cortex B. in the temporal lobe
C. in the left frontal cortex D. in Wernicke’s area
3. What does the itacilized word mean in the following sentence?
Much of the damage in older people was caused by strokes, while in younger people the damage was usually
the result of a trauma.
A. an injury B. a work of theater C. a birth defect D. a blood clot
4. What does the icilized word mean in the following sentence?
This was usually done by examining a patient’s brain postmortem.
A. during surgery B. with computers and monitors C. after death D. that was sick
5. What is the name of the area that causes conductive aphasia?
A. Wernicke’s are B. Boca’s area C. the frontal lobe D. the arcuate faciculous
Sections II Strategy: Identify Types of Mnemonic Devices Determine what type of mnemonic system each of
the following uses. Write the letter of the correct answer on the numbered line. Answer may be used more
than once.
a. loci d. word or sound pattern
b. physical appearance association e. mental graph or picture
c. number association
_______ 1. To remember the term arcuate jaciculus, think of “The ark ate was fastidous.”
_______ 2. To remember my sister’s new address, 1492 Scenic Boulevard, I think, “In 1492 Columbus had
beautiful scenery when he sailed the ocean.”
_______ 3. I need to buy eggs, coffee, orange juice, ham, and a chicken. My way of remembering this is “I
wake up, have some coffee, go outside and ger some eggs from our chickens and pick a few oranges from the
tree to make juice. I looke over at the pigs and feels sorry for them because soon they’ll be made into ham,
which I can have for breakfast.”
_______ 4. You are a waiter at a hamburger restaurant and there are five customers. The oldest is at the head
of the table. They all order burgers and shakes. In order of how they are seated, they want their burgers cooked
rare, rare, well done, medium, and rare. You think of a graph with a level line that rises sharply to a peak and
then declines slowly.
________ 5. You are the same waiter at the same table as above. The customers order milkshakes: a medium
strawberry, a large vanilla, a large chocolate, a small chocolate, and a medium chocolate. You remember this
by thinking "must lava latch smatcho and mecho" where the beginning of each word is the size and the second
syllable is the flavor.
Section III New Words Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the list below.
convince effortlessly found impressed novice
detected fashionable hypothsized memorized rare
1. I ________ that if I were to eat only a half-pound of mushrooms a day I would lose ten pounds in three
weeks.
2. I have only been skiing once before, so I would consider myself a _________
3. In my research, I have _________ that double negatives are used more frequently than was originally
thought.
4. I am amazed when I watch her swim. She is so at ease and comfortable, it looks as if she swims world
record times __________.
5. We had to evacuate the building when they __________ a gas leak.
6. As hard as he tried, my son was unable to __________ me to buy him a motorcycle for his fifteenth
birthday.
7. The students were all surprised that the teacher had ___________ their names by the second day of class.
His mnemonics training had worked.
8. My wife says I am a cannibal because I like my steak so ___________.
9. One thing I miss about living in the city is seeing all the ___________ designs people wear when they go
out.
10. The students are always ___________ when they hear how well he speaks their language.
Section IV Building Vocabulary: Choosing Synonyms Read the phrases and words below and choose the
best synonym for the word in italics.
1. She had a distinctive voice that made her easily recognizable on the phone.
A. high pitched B. uncommon C. mundane D. distant
2. Their home is really extraordinary, although not my style.
A. exceptional B. bland C. really ordinary D. uncommon
3. I did a lot of work on that project, but it was all in vain.
A. beautiful B. for no reason C. worthwhile D. intravenous
4. She fancied a piece of pie.
A. thought about B. decorated C. devoured D. prepared
5. They painted the house adequately.
A. acceptably B. adamantly C. joyfully D. colorfully
Reading three:
A. How do you react to the taste of different foods, 1. The main idea of the reading is that…………….
like coffee or lemon? Do they have a flavor that you A. there are people who like different foods
like? Or do they taste very strong to you? Why do B. there are cultural and genetic reasons for the
people react differently to different flavors? differences Ba people's food preferences
B. We all know that different people have different C. some foods have a very strong flavor
food preferences. Researchers have discovered some
reasons for these differences. Your culture and your D. PROPs can be used to identify different types of
life experience are partly responsible for your tastes
preferences for certain foods. Your food preferences 2.The meaning of genetic preferences
are also partly genetic. (Your genetic preferences are is…………….
the ones that you were born with.) In order to A. preferences for certain foods
discover people's genetic preferences, researchers B. preferences researchers have discovered
use a chemical called PROP. People taste it and C. the preferences of some people
respond to the taste. To some people, PROP has no D. the preferences that people are born with
flavor. The researchers classify these people as 3. What is PROP?
"non-tasters." To other people, the flavor of PROP is A. chemical C. a discovery
a little bitter, or sharp. These people are "tasters." B. something that people are born with
Then there are the people who can't stand the flavor D. a researcher
of PROP. They find it to be unbearably bitter. These 4. Why do researchers use PROP?
people are the "supertasters." Tasters have more A. because it has no flavor
taste buds on their tongues than non-tasters do, and B. to find out the responses to foods people were
supertasters have many more taste buds than tasters born with
do. This explains why supertasters are more C. to discover the flavors in certain foods
sensitive to PROP and to the flavors in certain foods. D. because people like its flavor
So if you think the flavors in coffee, grapefruit juice, 5. A food that is bitter has………………………
and broccoli are very strong, you may be a A. no flavor B. little flavor
"supertaster." C. a coffee flavor D. a sharp flavo
6. People who ............ are classified as
supertasters.
A. can't stand the flavor of PROP
B. think that PROP has no flavor
C. think that PROP tastes a little bitter
D. like bitter flavors
7. Taste buds are probably……………………..
A. tiny pieces of food
B. the small bumps on the surface of people's
tongues
C. chemicals in food that give it its flavor
D. something in broccoli, grapefruit juice, and
coffee
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST SEVEN - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A Thurgood Marshall, born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1908, was the first African American to become a
lustice of the United States Supreme Court. His grandfather had been a slave and he was raised by parents
who were not yet themselves totally free of the limitations that race imposed upon blacks in American society.
His father was a steward at an all-white country club and his mother taught in a segregated school. But his
family saw his abilities and did everything possible to ensure his success in life.
B After graduating from Lincoln University in 1930, Marshall applied to the University of Maryland School
of Law. At this time, however, the university still had a strict policy of racial segregation-only whites were
allowed to attend. He next applied to Howard University, a well-respected, historically black university in
Washington, D.C. Howard was not associated with any religious institution and was open to people of both
sexes and of any race. He excelled in his studies there and after graduating in 1933 opened his own law
practice in Baltimore. The next year he was involved in a lawsuit against the University of Maryland, the
institution that had refused to allow him to attend their law school. He proved that the other universities that
blacks were free to attend either did not have law schools or were in other ways unequal to the University of
Maryland. Because of Marshall's hard work, the state courts ruled that the university must admit people of all
races.
C Marshall continued to fight for racial equality all his life. As chief counsel for the National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP, he won many important cases that helped bring about the end
of segregated educational systems in the U.S. On June 13, 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed
Marshall to the Supreme Court. Although there were many objections, Johnson said that it was, "the right
thing to do, the right time to do it, the right man and the right place." Marshall served on the court for twenty-
four years compiling an impressive record that included strong support for constitutional protection of
individual and civil rights.
D The good work that Marshall did during his life will not soon be forgotten. Several middle schools also
bear his name, including those in St. Petersburgh, Florida and Marion, Indiana. His name was also given to the
law schools at the University of Maryland and the University of California, San Diego. The Washington, D.C.,
airport is now called The Baltimore- Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport. The Columbia
Pike, a highway in Virginia, has been renamed the Thurgood Marshall Memorial Highway. And in 2006, the
Episcopal Church even nominated him for sainthood.
Section I: Reading Comprehension Strategy II: Strategy. Choose the correct
1. In what year did the University of Maryland Law School expressive word or phrase to replace the
begin admitting black students? common words in italics.
A.1930 B. 1933 C.1934 D. 1940 1. Jonas Salk invented a vaccine that
2. In paragraph B, the word segregation probably means ... helped ....(end) polio in children.
A. separation B. punishment C. equality D. awareness A. conclude C. eradicate
3. Which quote from paragraph B disproves the following B. destroy D. finish off
statement: 2.Good food and enough sleep are ....
A. ...Howard University, a well-respected, historically black (sources) of good health.
university. A. realizations C. backgrounds
B….the university still had a strict policy of racial B. promotions D. cornerstones
segregation. 3.The early death of a mother can ... (upset)
C. Howard … was open to people of both sexes and of any a young child.
race. A. be bothersome for C. annoy
D. ...the other universities that blacks were free to attend did B. confuse D. overwhelm
not have law schools. 4.If you want to get good grades, you must
4. Which quote from paragraph C proves the jollowing be a... (serious) student.
stalement: A. nervous C. perfect
B. diligent D. knowledgeable

President Johnson totally supported the appointment 5. The Kennedys have become a famous political...
of Marshall as a Supreme Court Justice. (family).
A. ...there were many objections ... A. dynasty C. federation
B. Marshall served on the court for twenty-four B. force D. component
years ...
C. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall
to the Supreme Court.
D….Johnson said that it was, "the right thing to do,
the right time to do it, the right man and the right
place."
5. What is the main idea of paragraph D?
A. Marshall's memory has been honored in many
different ways.
B. Many schools have been named in Marshall's
honor.
C. Thurgood Marshall may become a saint.
D. An airport and a highway have been named for
Marshall.
Section III: New Words. Fill in the blanks Section IV: Building vocabulary. In
suppress commoner compellin founde influentia each blank, write compound word, a
s g d l word with a prefix, or a word with suffix
permeate registed role seized atone that means the same as the words in
d parentheses.
1. I spent a lot of time in my grandparent’s home. They were 1. You can usually buy camera film in a
very __________ in my life. (store that sell drugs) ______________.
2. Although I was very nervous. I tried to __________ any 2. The house looks as if it is (not
outward signs of it. finished) _____________.
3. After three years as president of the company, Mr. Harold 3. The book was so good I (read it a
_________ last week. record time) ______________.
4. It was a _________ story. I finished the whole book in one 4. Most children enjoy playing (not
sitting. indoom) ____________.
5. Mary George _________ the first museum in our community. 5. They usually play in the (yard that isnt
6. The king never talked with the __________. the front yard) _______________.
7. The invading army _________ the property of wealthy 6. Thurgood Marshall was a (person
landowners. who defend) ____________ of the rights
8. The _________ of a tutor is to help a student learn. of all people.
9. Danny wanted to _________ for the harm he had caused his 7. At $50.00 each, these shirts are really
family. (the opposite underpriced)
10. The cigarette smoke _________ the entire house. ___________.
8. Carla has to make an important (thing
she has decide) ___________by Friday.
9. Where is the (clothes you wear when
you’re doing sports) __________
department?
10. The local newspaper took a(n)
(against the war) ____________ stand.
Reading two:

A Sarah Susanka is a visionary and a breath of fresh air in this McMansion-filled landscape of sprawling
suburbia Americans in the last 30 years have been leaving towns and cities to live in larger and frequently less
interesting homes in the suburbs. The average home size has mushroomed in the past thirty years from 1,385
to 2,060 square feet. During this period, the number of occupants in homes in the United States dropped by 16
percent. Many o these homes, especially those in the suburbs, are built as tract homes, where one company
builds a large numbe of homes in a subdivision, all with very similar features and architecture. They are too
big, contribute to longe commute times, and are wasteful.
B Susanka discusses McMansions saying, "I call (this the starter castle complex-the notion that houses
should be designed to impress rather then nurture. More rooms, bigger spaces, and vaulted ceilings do not
necessarily give us what we need in a home. And when the impulse for big spaces is combined with outdated
patterns of home design and building, the result is more often than not, a house that doesn't work." She later
refers to these McMansions as "massive storage containers for people."
C In today's world of architecture, usually the big name players design landmark buildings-bridges,
skyscrapers airports, and so on, while residential architecture receives less attention and prestige. However,
Susanka, whose work is residential and small in scale, is recognized as one of America's best known
architects. Most of Ms. Susanka's fame comes not from her homes, but from her writing about homes,
architecture, and the American lifestyle. Her first book, The Not So Big House, was published in 1998 and was
on Amazon. com's Home &Garden best-selling list for two years. Her next book, Creating the Not So Big
House, published in 2000, was ranked in the New York Times Best Seller list in the Advice and How-To
category. Susanka also writes columns for a few magazines, including Fine Homebuilding.
D She states that she wants to "interest our clients in houses with less square footage built with more care and
detail." Her designs emphasize beauty and habitability rather than eye-catching and provocative homes that
are poorly designed in terms of their use. Typically, Susanka's homes have done away with the outdated
concept of formal living and dining rooms and instead have large kitchens with plenty of seating adjoining a
family room The family room fills many of today's needs. One can watch TV there, playa board game, work at
a built-in desk, or read next to the fireplace. Tall ceilings and vast spaces, so common in many lofs today, are
out. In their place, she stresses varying heights of ceilings and small nooks, id out ins that make you feel more
comfortable and cozy. Its a smaller house, rich in details, built to be comfortable and to withstand change.
A. The Fame of Sarah Susanka and Her Homes
B. Changing Our Homes One Book at a Time
C. An Architect's View on Why McMansions Are Bad
D. Sarah Susanka and Her Vision for Smaller, More Comfortable Homes
2. What does the word habitability mean in the following sentence?
"Her designs emphasize beauty and habitability rather than eye-catching and provocative homes that are
poorly designed in terms of their use."
A. awe B. livability C. compatibility D. austerity
3. What are typically not found in homes that Susanka designs?
A. large kitchens B. comfortable formal dining rooms
C. places to watch TV D. more than one bathroom
4. What does the word mushroomed mean in the following sentence?
"The average home size has mushroomed in the past 30 years."

A. increased dramatically in size B. encountered problems with fungus
C. grown outwards D. grown upwards
5. What do you think a Susanka-designed family room would look like?
A. It would be large, with industrial furnishings to be adaptable to go from party room to homework room.
B. It would be next to a kitchen and have seating, a TV, and a fireplace.
C. It would have high ceilings to give kids more height for games and playing.
D. It would be built to save money since it is only for family and not guests. Thus, there would be little detail.
Section II using a Chart for Comprehension Based on your reading of the passage above, put a checkmark
under the name of the architecture that best fits each of the descriptions in the column on the left.
Description Susanka’s architecture McMansions
1. located in suburbs
2. large and not very interesting
3. similar in design and features to
surrounding homes
4. impresses friends and
neighbors
5. built to nurture its occupants
6. eye catching and provocative
7. have living and dining rooms
8. have vast spaces
9. has small nooks
Section III Vocabulary Fill in each blank below with the best word from the list
Art Nouveau cut corners exposure mantel Victorian
conclude European industrial traditional warehouse
When I was a child living with my parents, we had a typical San Francisco early 1900s (1) ______________
house with all of its (2) _______________ features including a parlor, a living room, and a dining room. The
only time we used the (3) ________________, or for that matter the fireplace itself, was for hanging on
Christmas stockings.
Like many Americans, I left home to go to college and spent a year at a top (4) ______________ university in
Barcelona, Spain. This was a fascinating city architecturally (5) ______________ as it seamlessly mixed
buildings and (6) _______________ design. My (7) __________________ that upon my return to the Unite
States, I would not live in a house in the suburbs but in an apartment in the heart of a city. I thus rented an
apartment in a building that was a converted (9) ____________; during World War Il it had been occupied by
shipbuilding company. Unfortunately, during the conversion to residences, the carpenters (10)
_____________ so the apartments leak and the floors squeak.
Section IV Forming Adjectives from Nouns Change the noun in parentheses to its adjectival form.
1. Susanka's (architecture) ______________ sketches have notes on the function of each area.
2. Much of her work is influenced by (tradition) ______________ homes from the turn of the last century.
3. Frank Lloyd Wright is considered to be a very (influence) _______________ architect.
4. Her ideas, although not (revolution) ______________, are catching on.
5. Her homes are not (spectacle) ______________ at first sight, but they are comfortable, like your favorite
jeans and tennis shoes.
6. It is said that (from the period of queen Victoria) ________________________ architecture was too formal.

7. The (trend) ______________________architecture seen in lofts is devoid of character and is
uncomfortable.
8. Old warehouses in (industry) _________________sections of cities can be transformed into comfortable
living spaces, but the houses must have clearer divisions, lower ceilings, and cozy spaces.
9. A great mix of architectural styles is common in major (Europe) ________________cities.
10. The architect is (care) ____________________to design houses that are nurturing rather than just
impressive.
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST EIGHT - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A Although the modern-day violin was originally made in Italy in the 1700s, some say the first violin can be
raced to an ancient Indian instrument called the Ravan Hatta, With such a rich musical history in India, it is
not surprising that perhaps one of the most accomplished violin musicians in the world is India's remarkably
talented Kala Ramnath. Born into a family of critically acclaimed Indian musicians including violin legend
Professor T.N. Krishnan, Kala demonstrated musical talent from childhood. She began playing when she was
only three. At that time, she started her music education by studying under her grandfather, Vidwan Shri
Narayan Lyer. Under his guidance, there was no room for laziness or excuses for not practicing, nor were
there any breaks or rips outside of the home for leisure or fun. Kala's second teacher was her aunt, also a well-
known violinist. later, she moved on to study under high-profile musician Sangeet Martand Pandit Jasraj. With
the help her three reachers, she mastered the techniques and the creative artistry that has set her apart from
others.
B Although she learned the classical conventional techniques with her teachers, Kala has since developed her
own individual style. She uses unique bow and finger techniques to create notes that sound more like a human
voice singing than a violin. These techniques have earned her violin the nickname of "The Singing Violin."
She and her singing violin have toured the world extensively. Kala has performed in the United States,
Greece, Australia, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, and Bangladesh.
C In addition to having toured in various parts of the world, she has also experimented with incorporating
different types of sounds into her music. She has played with Ray Manzarek who plaved keyboards for the
American rock band, The Doors, and with Eduardo Niebla, a Flamenco guitarist. She has also played
alongside South Africa's Lucas Khumalo and Kunle Odutayo to create music with an African-Indian fusion.
D Kala has expanded her career beyond music into the areas of theater and radio broadcasting, where she has
also excelled. She has gone beyond being thought of only as a musician to being a well-known personality in
the worlds of TV and radio broadcasting. Although a pioneer in mixing her musie with that of other cultures
and genres, Kala is still, and always will be, considered an icon of North Indian classical music.
Section I: Reading comprehension Strategy II: Strategy.
1. The main idea of this article is 1. In paragraph A, the word remarkably could be
that……………….. replaced with the word……………..
A. classical violin music is very popular in India. A. curiously B. ordinarily
B. Kala’s violin sounds like voices singing. C. noticeably D. interestingly
C. Kala Ramnath is very talented. 2. In paragraph A, what inference can be made about
D. Kala is a famous radio and TV star. Kala?
2. The first modern-day violin was made in .............. A. She enjoys traveling around the world.
A. India. B. Italy. C. Bangladesh. D. South Africa. B. She works hard.
3. How many violinists did Kala study under? C. She can play many musical instruments
A.5 B.4 C.3 D.2 D. She dislikes practicing the violin.
4. Why has Kala's violin been nicknamed "The 3. In paragraph B, what word could be used in place
Singing Violin"? of conventional?
A. She can make the violin sound like a voice A. unique B. traditional C. modern D. strict
singing. 4. Use the structure clues and context to guess the
B. The violin sings. meaning of the word fusion in Paragraph D.
C. Kala sings while she plays. A. blend B. an ingredient C. a song D. a band
D. People sing to her music. 5. What inference can be made about Kala's
5. Kala has not worked with an artist from grandfather?
A. South Africa. B. Spain. A. He was strict. B. He was lazy.
C. United States. D. Bangladesh. C. He liked to play the violin. D. He didn't like
music.
Reading Passage 2:
"The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today.

But such oils may become in course of time as important as petroleum
and the coal tar products of the present time."
-Dr. Rudolf Diesel, the inventor of the diesel engine, 1912
A The diesel engine dates back to the decades of the 19 th century when Dr. Rudolf Diesel invented an engine
that could use multiple sources of energy, ranging form coal dust mixed with water, to mineral oil to vegetable
oil. his most important public shoveng mane diesel engine. at the 1900 Worlds Fair in Paris, Diesel described
experiments he had done with the engine using peanut oil as fuel. He saw the future of his engine as a boon
for, farming. He said that by running on vegetable oils, his engine could "help considerably with the
development agriculture in the countries which use it.
B Unfortunately though, for most of their commercial life in the United States, diesel engines in cars and
machine have run on petroleum-based diesel fuel. Petroleum is a fossil fuel, something America is not blessed
with abundance. It is also in short supply globally. Diesel fuel made from plant or animal fats and oils is car.
biodiesel and is gaining in popularity in Bie Winfied Siates and abroad. It is truly a green product as it can be
man from any plant oil or even from recycled cooking oils: It is estimated that there are presently 4.5 bilion
gallons and used vegetable oil available per year in the United States, which could replace 10 percent of our
current fuel expenditures.
C Today, gasoline prices are at an all time hich in the United States. Biodiesel fuel costs less and is better for
you car and for the environment. It also employs farmers in the United States in its production and is a local
produe Perhaps the most interesting thing about driving or walking near a car or truck running on biodiesel is
the smell. french fries. Biodiesel is the only alternative fuel that can be run in a standard car (diesel engine)
witho modifying the engine. It is also flexible in that it can be mixed with petroleum-based diesel or used on
its own Because of the glycerin in the fuel. biodiesel acts as a cleanser and thus prolongs the life of the engine.
With regular diesel, sulfur is used as a lubricant, which when burned produces sulfur dioxide, the main
component in acid rain. Biodiesel needs no such lubricating agent and therefore does not produce sulfur
dioxide. It burns more cleanly as well, producing 50 percent less air pollution than standard diesel.
D Another advantage is its much higher ignition temperature. Regular diesel ignites at 125 degrees Fahrenhein
compared to approximately 300 degrees for biodiesel. This difference can save lives in cases of accidents sine
biodiesel will have a much lower likelihood of bursting into flames. It is also biodegradable. A University of
Idaho study found that biodiesel mixed with water was 95 percent degraded by the end of a 28 day period. The
regular diesel in the same study was only 40 percent degraded after the same period.
1. What is the main point of this article?
A. Dr, Rudolf Diesel's prophecy has come true 90 years later.
B. We should conserve gasoline and diesel.
C. Biodiesel is cleaner than regular diesel.
D. Biodiesel is a feasible fuel for today and is better than regular diesel.
Petroleum is a fossil fuel, something America is not blessed with in abundance.
A. a place in the United States. B. demand C. great supply D. scarcity
3. Which of the following is not mentioned as an advantage of biodiesel?
A. It burns more cleanly than standard diesel. B. It is easy to find in many gas stations.
C. It does not contribute to acid rain. D. It causes an engine to last longer.

4. Why is biodiesel considered safer than regular diesel?
A. Its vapors smell like french fries. B. It burns at a higher temperature.
C. contains glycerin. D. It is made in the United States
5. What is the author's attitude towards biodiesel's smell?
A. He prefers the smell of french fries to that of regular diesel. B. It reminds him of a fast-food
restaurant.
C. He dislikes it. D. He finds it amusing.
Section II Differentiating Facts from Opinions Identify two facts and two opinions in each of the three
paragraphs below.
1. Biodiesel is clearly the fuel solution of the future, It comes from a renewable source, vegetable oil, and
pollutes less than traditional diesel fuel. Our switching to biodiesel will also create jobs for American farmers
and keep capital (money) in the country. In 20 years, the majority of Americans will want biodiesel cars.
Fact 1___________________________________________________________________________________
Fact 2___________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 1________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 2________________________________________________________________________________
2. All of the Facts make biodiesel a better choice than traditional diesel. It pollutes less its price is comparable,
and it an engine last longer. It also requires no modification to a standard diesel engine. You'd have to be
crazy to want to use normal diesel these days.
Fact 1___________________________________________________________________________________
Fact 2___________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 1________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 2________________________________________________________________________________
3. The production of biodiesel fuel is very undemanding. Before lone. there will be biodiesel producers in
every state. It can be produced locally in any region of the country because its base oil can come from so
many different plants, including soybeans, sunflower, rapeseeds (canola), palm oil, and even algae. It can also
be produced from used cooking oils.
Fact 1___________________________________________________________________________________
Fact 2___________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 1________________________________________________________________________________
Opinion 2________________________________________________________________________________
Section III Vocabulary Write the letter of the definition in the column on the right in the blank next to its
matching vocabulary word on the left.
________1. Conservation a. to work in favor of sth
________2. Analyze b. normal, commonplace, ordinary
________3. Unsuitable c. plan, goal
________4. A handful d. will not work with, isnt a match for
________5. Routine e. answer
________6. Respond f. falling apart, breaking down
________7. Degradation g. a small group or bunch
________8. Advocacy h. examine in detail
________9. Harassment i. not wasting, planning for the furture
________10. Vision j. pestering, annoying, persecuting
Section IV Building Vocabulary Look at each italicized word and the comments about it. Add a suffix or
prefix to the root of that word to form a new word. There will be no new prefixes or suffixes in this section.
1. ordinary Here's your chance to build an adverb from the adjective ordinary, meaning "normal, not
exceptional." Change the y to i and add the suffix, which almost always indicates an adverb.
___________________, I wouldn't call you this late, but this is important.
2. vary The verb vary means "to be different." Turn it into a noun by changing the y to a and adding a suffix.
There is great _________________ in the age when children start speaking,
3. laminate Start with the verb laminate, which means "to glue a sheet." Now you want a word that refers to
ungluing or coming apart of sheets. Begin with a prefix that means to take away, undo, Add that to laminate to
have a verb that describes sheets coming unglued.
Leaving the plywood out in the rain caused it to ________________________
4. develop The verb develop means "to build up, to construct." Change it to a noun by adding the right suffix.
Many people are opposed to the ___________________________ of those parklands.
5. migrate The verb migrate means "to travel or journey." Turn it into an adiective by dropping the e and
adding a suffix.
The birds' ________________________ patterns are changing due to global warming.
6. question The verb question means "to ask aboutor to doubt." For oxample you can say, "I question his
honesty. Add a suffix to make an adjective making the word mean having questions or can be doubted.
The originality of her work was ______________________________
7. explode The verb explode means "to blow up or pop."' It is offen used to describe a loud banging noise and
ne destructive rush moving outward from the sight where something explodes, Add the correct suffix to the
root explo-, and you get the noun that refers to this action.
This winter an electrical substation in San Francisco had a small ___________________, which left hundreds
of homes and businesses without power.
11. neurology The noun neurology means "the study of the nervous system," Change the y to i and add the
correct suffix to get the adjective describing this action.
Long-term exposure to these chemicals can cause ______________________damage.
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST NINE - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A Anyone who has spent time in another country has probably experienced some degree of culture shock.
What is culture shock? The term was coined in 1958 to describe the feelings of anxiety, discomfort, and
disorientation that people experience when moving to a new country and culture. Culture shock is said to have
a few different stages, which set in after a person has spent a few weeks in the new environment. The first
stage of culture shock is sometimes referred to as the "honeymoon" stage, because everything in the new
culture is new and exciting. There are different foods to try, interesting places to visit and possibly a very
different climate to experience. All of these things may seem exotic and thrilling for a little while, but this
excitement eventually wears off.
B The second stage of culture shock occurs when the differences of the new environment start to seep in and
are suddenly perceived as more irritating and disorienting than interesting and exciting. At this stage, many
people tend to feel a sense of disconnectedness due to language problems and cultural miscommunications
that they experience by doing everyday activities, such as taking public transportation and buying groceries.
This stage is often characterized by the newcomer feeling angry and impatient and rejecting the new culture
and its strange way of doing things.
C When people enter into the third stage of culture shock, they still experiences difficulties, but tend to deal
with them with more patience and a sense of humor. Perhaps because they have had more of a chance to
understand the culture they are in, they are more easily able to accept and appreciate its differences. At this
stage, people also start to feel a sense of wanting to belong. In the fourth stage, people tend to truly feel a
sense of belonging within the new culture and are able to accept the good and bad aspects of it. In addition to
these four stages of culture shock, there is a fifth, which people may experience upon reentry to their native
culture. This occurs when people discover that things changed while they were away. This is sometimes called
re-entry shock.
D Although it is nearly impossible to avoid culture shock, there are things people can do in order to ease the
stress they experience as a result of it. Here are a few suggestions that may help. Be patient. It's important to
remember that adjusting to a new culture is a process that takes time. Maintain contact with the new culture by
learning the language and getting involved in the community. Set some simple goals for yourself to help you
see your progress. Remember that although living in a new culture can be very difficult, it can also be very
rewarding!
Section I: Reading Comprehension Section II: Strategies. Use the context and your
1. What is the main idea of the reading passage? knowledge of word forms to choose the best
A. Culture shock caused anxiety. meanings for the words in italics
B. New places and cultures are very exciting at first. 1. In paragraph A, the word coined probably means
C. Culture shock cannot be avoided. A. bought B. changed
D. There are different stages of culture shock. C. invented D. described
2. The first stage of culture shock is sometimes 2. In paragraph A, the word thrilling probably means
referred to as the "honermoon stage" because……… A. very exciting B. difficult
A. people often spend their honeymoons in other C. strange D. humorous
countries. 3. In paragraph B, the word irritating probably
B. everything is exciting and new. means
C. there are lots of exotic flowers. A. new B. disorienting
D. are lots of every day miscommunications. C. calming D. annoying
3. According to the reading passage, people 4. In paragraph D, the word goals means
generally start feeling a sense of disconnectedness A. points B. objectives
during the. C. customs D. ideas
..... stage of culture shock. 5. In paragraph D, the word rewarding
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth means
4. According to the reading passage, what do people A. hopeless B. shocking
often discover during the fifth stage of culture C. exciting D. satisfying
shock?
A. Things about their native culture changed while
they were away.
B. They can no longer communicate in their native
language.
C. They preferred the food in the "new" culture.
D. Their native culture seems boring and unfriendly.
5. Which of the items below does the reading
passage NOT give as a suggestion for easing the
stress of culture shock?
A. be patient
B. maintain contact with the new culture
C. set simple goals for yourself
D. avoid taking public transportation
Reading Passage 2:
A The life of Grandma Moses is a true Horaio Alger, rags-to-riches American story. She Wait Doan Anna
Ma, Robertson on a farm in upstate New ICo ta So gerter 1860, ne of 10 children. At age 27, she marted
Thomas Salmon Moses, and they moved to the state of Wirginia where they bought a farm and lived for
almost 20 year. During that period, Mrs. Moses gave birth to 10 children, only five of whom survived through
chirdhood. Later, the family returned to upstate New York, and in 1927 Mr. Moses died. Mrs. Moses
continued working on the farm as long as she could, all the while working on art projects around the house.
Most of these projects way were needlepoint or embroidery. As she got older and her arthritis progressed, her
sister recommended she turn in he needle for a paintbrush. She was, at that point, more than 70 vears old. The
rest, as they say, is history.
B In 1938, with the United States still in the Great Depression, Grandma Moses displayed some of her
paintings at a local drugstore in Hoosick Falls, New York, in an effort to make a little extra money. An
amateur art collector Louis J. Caldor, bought all of the paintings, and after inquiring about the artist, he went
to her home to buy more Mr. Caldor convinced New York's Museum of Modern Art to feature Grandma
Moses' artwork in a special show on naive art in 1939. Naive art is the term used for art created by artists
without formal training. Her work was so good that the following year, Otto Kallit, the manager of the Galerie
St. Etienne in New York City, decided to feature her in a one-woman show called "What a Farmwife Painted."
Grandma Moses did not attend either show thinking there was no reason as she had already seen everything
being displayed. Her work received rave reviews, and Grandma Moses' reputation as a popular artist grew.
C Her work has been described as showing a "profound respect for the American work ethic, sensitivity to
local lore, the changing seasons and weather, and a love of fun and festivity." Her fame was not only that of a
folk artist. One of her closest professional colleagues was Norman Rockwell. She appeared on the covers of
Time and Life magazines and on television. Her work has been reproduced by the millions and put on greeting
cards and art posters. In the first year that Hallmark used her art for Christmas cards, more than six million
cards were sold. Today, her art hangs in some of America's most important museums, including the National
Museum of Women in the Arts, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the Portland Art Museum. Considering that
she did not begin painting until well into her 70s, Grandma Moses had a prolific career; she created over 1,600
paintings. The last one, Rainbow, was completed just after her 100th birthday. It has been described as "a
joyous celebration of life." She died at the age of 101 in 1961.
A. Grandma Moses: 101 Years as an Artist
B. Grandma Moses: An Artist Comes of Age at 80
C. Christmas Cards for the Farmer: The Story of Grandma Moses
D. A Rainbow Life: The Work of Grandma Moses

Her work received rave reviews.
A. rare B. harsh C. excellent D. many
3. What do you think a Horatio Alger story is?
A. one in which an old person does well
B. one in which a woman does well
C. one in which a farmer finds a better way of making a living
D. one in which someone who starts poor becomes wealthy
4. How did Grandma Moses first become famous?
A. from being on television B. from being written about in
magazines
C. from a small show in New York which led to a larger one D. from selling Chrismas cards
5. Who convinced Grandma Moses to paint?
A. her sister B. her children C. her husband D. many
Section II Summarizing Circle the letter that best summarizes the paragraph above it.
1. The simplest part of Conrad's system is his encoding of salad dressings. He uses letters: B for blue cheese;
H for the house dressing; O for oil and vinegar; F for French; T for Thousand Island. A series of orders,
always arranged according to entree, might spell a word like B-OO-T, or a near-word like B-O-O-F, or make a
phonetic pattern like F-O-F-O. As Ericsson says, Conrad remembers orders, regardless of their size, in chunks
of four. This is similar to the way Faloon stores digits, and it seems to support Chase and Ericsson's contention
that shortterm memory is limited and that people are most comfortable working with small units of
information.
A. Conrad assigns letters to different dressings, which make words or sound patterns. The letter F means
French, T is Thousand Island, and so on. Examples are words like B-O-0-T, meaning blue cheese, oil, oil, and
Thousand Island.
B. CD Conrad memorizes in chunks of four, something the experts believe is common due to limitations of
working memory, He also uses letters as part of his mnemonic system.
C. CD Conrad, like Faloon, stores chunks in bits of four. This way, when dealing with his mnemonics for
salad orders, he will create easy-to-remember strings like F-O-F-O and B-0-0- T, The letters are associated
with a type of dressing.
2. "The difference between someone like John, who has a trained memory, and the average person," says
Ericsson, "is that he can encode material in his memory fast and effortlessly. It's similar to the way you can
understand English when you hear it spoken. In our tests in the lab, he just gets better and faster." "What John
Conrad has," says Polson, "is not unlike an athletic skill. With two or three hundred hours of practice, you can
develop these skills in the same way you can learn to play tennis."
A. Memory training, according to Ericsson and Polson, "is not unlike an athletic skill. With two or three
hundred hours of practice, you can develop these skills in the same way you can learn to play tennis."
Therefore the brain can be trained to do this work effortlessly. This is what causes the difference between
people with normal memories and those with super memories,
B. According to the researchers Ericsson and Polson, a super memory can be trained with lots of practice in
the same way an athlete improves his body. Tasks that at one point were challenging or impossible become
easy,
C. Ericsson and Polson feel that training someone's memory is like training any other part of the body, and
thus, they can greatly improve anyone's memory capabilities.

3. "One of the most interesting things we've found," says Ericsson, "is that just trying to memorize things does
not insure that your memory will improve. It's the active decision to get better and the number of hours you
push yourself to improve that make the difference. Motivation is much more important than innate ability."
A. According to Ericsson, the key factor to memory improvement is not just trying but is the decision to get
better and to train yourself to do so.
B. The researchers found that motivation and training are the keys to successful memory improvement. They
feel this is one of their most interesting findings.
C. Hours spent working hard at improving your memory is more useful than being born with good memory
genes according to Ericcson.
4. "The important thing about our testing Faloon is that researchers usually study experts," Chase says. "We
studied a novice and watched him grow into an expert. Initially, we were just running tests to see whether his
digit span could be expanded. For four days he could not go beyond seven digits. On the flfth day he
discovered his mnemonic system and then began to improve rapidly."
A. The testing of Mr, Faloon was important because it showed that with his discovery of his mnemonic system
he could go from average to expert.
B. The tests run on Mr, Faloon taught him enough about memory that in five days he was able to greatly
improve his skill.
C. The subject, Mr. Faloon, was stuck on a normal memory digit span of seven digits until day five, when he
discovered mnemonic memory systems.
5. Faloon's intellectual abilities didn't change, the researchers say. The storage capacity of his short-term
memory didn't change, either. Chase and Ericsson believe that short-term memory is a more-or-less fixed
quantity. It reaches saturation quickly, and overcome its limitations, one must learn to link new data meterial
that is permanently stored in long-term memory. Once the associations have been made, the short-emmonory
is free to absorb new information. Shereshevskii transferred material from short-term to long-term memory by
placing words along Gorky Street in Moscow. Faloon’s hobby was long-distance running, and he discovered
that he could break down a spoken list of 80 digits into units of three or four and associate most of these with
running times.
A. Associations with hobbies and passions can frequently help people with expert memories store information
in long-term memory. Thus, Faloon associated things with running times and Shereshevskii placed bits of
things to be remembered along streets of his hometown.
B. Chase and Ericsson believe that short-term memory and intellectual capacity do not improve with their
training The key is transferring information from short-fern to long-term memory, which is frequently done
through association.
C. Short-term memory, according to Chase and Ericsson, fills up quickly, at which point it cannot absorb any
more unless things are transferred into long-term memory. Successful memory experts are more adept at
transferring this information through associations with hobbies, sounds, and loci.
Section III New Words Fill in the blanks with words from the vocabulary list below.
civil rights heritage immigration mechanization murals
strike discrimination Hispanics inhabitants migrants
According to 2000 census figures, 32.8 million (1) ______________ live in the United States. These Spanish-
speaking (2) _____________ are concentrated in urban areas, but Mexicans lived in the American Southwest

long before the Anglos came. After those areas became part of the United States, the Spanish. speaking people
suffered from racial and cultural (3) _____________ from the Anglos. There was also continual (4)
_____________ from Mexico. These poor people coming from the south meant an abundance of labor that
kept wages low. After World War Il, large farms introduced new machines to do most of the work. This (5)
___________ put a lot of Mexican-Americans out of work, so they moved to the cities. They were inspired by
the African-American struggle for (6) _____________, Many Mexican- Americans began calling themselves
Chicanos and organized themselves to fight for their own rights. Cesar Chavez organized (7) ___________,
farm workers in a new union, the National Farm Workers. They began a (8) ______________ against grape
growers and won better working conditions and wages. As Chicanos became more powerful in American
society, their arts and culture became more prominent. Chicano theater, poetry, and art flourished. One
particularly visible sign of Chicano culture in many American cities is the (9) ____________ that Chicanos
paint on large urban walls. In these paintings, Chicanos express their immense pride in their (10)
______________.
Section IV Getting Meaning Through Word structure and context: Verbs Choose the best synonym or
definition for each of the italicized verbs in the following sentences. Use word structure and context to help
you
1. Only when he began playing for laughs did Chan truly attain full celebrity status.
A. attach B. retain C. reach D. earn
2. At long last, Chan mined U.S. box-office gold with 1996's Rumble in the Bronx.
A. mended B. obtained C. described D. pointed to
3. Yet others shun classical music and prefer to listen to jazz, rock, world, folk, country, or hip-hop.
A. reject B. shine C. accept D. praise
4. I will not drown in a river.
A. drone B. float C. die D. wash
5. I pick apples, cotton, grapes, eyes follow me utter under their breaths.
A. breathe B. speak C. moo D. whisper
The end
READING CHAPTER TEST TEN - MOSAIC
Name _________________________________ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Score _ _ _ _ _ _
Reading one:
A Frank W. Abagnale has been affiliated with the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and is one of the
world's most renowned authorities on moncy-related crimes. For over thirty years, he has acted a consultant
and has given numerous lectures on how to prevent money-related crimes to businesses and government
agencies around the world.
B How did Abagnale become such an authority on these subjects? Strangely enough, he gained his keen
insight into these topics by committing numerous money-related crimes himself. When he was 16. his parents
got divorced. Shortly afterwards, he left home and went to New York on his own where he managed to get a
job nd open a bank account. Soon after, he committed his first crime, which involved writing bad checks
against his own account. He made out several checks for more money than he had in his checking account.
Because he knew that it was only a matter of time before his bank demanded that he pay the amount he owed,
he opened new accounts at several other banks under different identities.
C As time went on, he came up with various clever ways to defraud banks. For example, he printed his own
checks and convinced banks to cash them. He also took deposit slips from the bank, wrote his name on blank
deposit slips and placed them back in the stack of blank ones, so when customers filled out deposit slips to
deposit money into their accounts, the money went into his account instead of theirs. It is said that during a
mere five year period, he managed to cash approximately 2.5 million dollars in forged checks. He supposedly
cashed checks in every state in the United States and in 26 other countries!
D Eventually, Abagnale's luck ran out and he was arrested in France at the age of 21. He was sent to
Perpignan's House of Arrest where he spent six months in squalid conditions and became very ill. Eventually,
he ended up back in the United States to serve a 12-year prison sentence. However, halfway through his
sentence he was released on the terms that he would use his "special talents" to assist the federal government
and law enforcement agencies free of charge. He assisted these agencies by lecturing and teaching their
employees how to prevent money-related crimes.
E Now over 30 years later, he is still associated with the FBI. In the meantime, he founded Abagnale &
Associates, an organization that advises banks and various other businesses on fraud. He has written several
popular books including Catch Me If You Can, which was made into a movie starring Leonardo DiCaprio and
Tom Hanks. Frank W. Abagnale is now a multimillionaire from the money he has earned from his books and
consulting business.
Section I: Reading comprehension: Section II: Strategies. Use the context and your
1. What is the main idea of the reading passage? knowledge of word forms to choose the best
A. Frank W. Abagnale wrote fraudulent checks all meanings for the words in italics.
over the world. 1.In paragraph A, renowned probably means…….
B. Frank W. Abagnale has used his personal A. well-known C. wealthy
experience to help government agencies and B. intelligent D. helpful.
businesses prevent fraud. 2. In paragraph B, keen probably means………
C. Frank W. Abagnale has written several best- A. fast C. very good
selling books, including Catch Me if You Can. B. evil D. criminal
D. Frank W. Abagnale was very good at defrauding 3. In paragraph C, clever probably means……….
people. A. inexpensive C. quick
2. According to the reading, which of the choices B. famous D. skillful
describes something that Abagnale did NOT do in 4. In paragraph C, mere probably means…………..
order to defraud banks? A. long C. difficult
A. He printed his own checks and cashed them. B. short D. approximate
B. He opened several accounts at different banks. 5. In paragraph D, squalid probably means
C. He withdrew real money and photocopied it. A. dangerous C. very dirty
D. He wrote his account number on deposit slips. B. strange D. comfortable
3. Abagnale cashed bad checks in how many
countries outside the United States?
A. 16 B. 26 C. 30 D. 12
4. Why was Abagnale released from prison early?
A. Because he had to serve another prison sentence
in France.
B. So he could write books and make movies about
his crimes.
C. Because he convinced authorities that he did not
commit the crimes.
D. So that he could help government and law
enforcement agencies.
5. How long has Abagnale been assisting the FBI?
A. over 30 years B. 12 years
C. 26years D. Since he was 16
Section III: New Words. Fill in the blanks Section IV: Building vocabulary.
ambition circuitous demonstrate compulsory Match riment the adjectives on the
experiment right with their labbled definitions on
continually funds critical acclaim pioneer dabbled the left
deliberated draft responds warily blackslide burly 1. starling a. correct
clean-cut credits accessory addled 2. energentic b. active
1. The taxi driver took a __________ route back to the hotel. The 3. definitive c. surprising
ride took half an hour and cost twenty dollars. 4. contemporary d. modern
2. There was no discussion about the rules; the president of the 5. Proper e. conclusive
company made them __________ and the employees were required 6. colleague f. end result
to follow them. 7. despair g. always,
3. Michael's career was dentistry, but for fun he _________ in oil continually
painting. On his days off, he painted landscapes and portraits of his 8. outcome h. unbelievable
friends. 9. inconceivable i. opinion
4. The weather during our vacation was horrible. It rained ________ 10. irrational j. alert
for eight days. We didn't see the sun once! 11. bias k. receptive to
5. My___________drove me to find a better job with higher pay new ideas
and more status. 12. open- l. the beliefs
6. When Bill Gates first started his career, people thought his ideas minded and ways of life
were crazy; now he is considered a ___________in the world of of a group of
computers. people
7. The high school had an event to help raise___________ for a 13. culture m. a feeling of
new athletic center. being without
8. Tom Cruise is an actor who has received _________; he has hope
received good reviews from audiences all over the world. 14. aware n. without
...and playa reason of logic
9. In his next movie, Cruise will __________ playa different kind of 15. constantly o. someone you
role. Usually he plays the hero; in his new movie he plays the work with
villain.
10. Before having the students complete the activity, the teacher
has to __________how to use a Venn diagram.
11. Whenever the teacher asks a question, Seth does two things
before he _______He thinks about his answer and he raises his
hand.
12. Although Monique did not commit the crime, she was arrested
for being an ________to the crime, because she let the thief stay in
her home after the robbery and did not call the police.
13. Nobody could believe that Thomas was the murderer based on
his _________appearance. He had short hair and no facial hair, and
he dressed very conservatively.

14. The jury __________ for three days before all
twelve members agreed that the accused man was
innocent.
15. Although she studied a lot for the test, she
_________her tutor for teaching her some helpful
ways of remembering new vocabulary words.
Without her tutor, she might not have done as well
on the exam.
16. Sue helped me _________an outline for my
paper. Now I will be able to do the research and
write a complete essay.
17. Once they are released from prison, many
criminals ________because they are unable change
their criminal tendencies and end up back in prison.
18. The fact that their car had been stolen
_________their minds so much, that they were
unable to fill out the police report properly.
19. The movie star was accompanied by three
__________body guards, so nobody dared approach
her for her autograph or to take photos.
20. When Carla heard the knock at her door, she
opened it _________as it was late at night and she
wasn't expecting anyone.
Reading two:
A For centuries, European countries engaged in bloody conflicts with each other. Instead of letting the
bloodshed continue, however, Europeans joined together to form the European Union, a strong organization
that would foster cooperation, instead of competition.
B The origins of the European Union (ED) lie in the post-World War II period. World War II devastated
Europe in way that no previous war had done. Allover Europe, people asked themselves if there wasn't a better
way for the future.
C In the beginning, the attempt to unify Europe had modest ambitions. A large percentage of Western
Europe's factories had been destroyed in World War II. Many European leaders, with the French economist
Jean Monnet leading the way, thought that cooperation in the mining of coal and the production of steel would
help all of Western Europe recover more quickly. In 1951, this idea resulted in the signing of the Treaty of
Paris, which created the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). France, Germany, Italy, the
Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxemburg formed a common market for coal and steel, meaning that those
commodities could be sold freely across the borders without import fees. Coal and steel prices were
determined by market forces, not by governments. A small governing body, the "High Authority," was led by
Jean Monnet.
D Encouraged by the success of the ECSC, the same six countries decided to integrate other aspects of
their economies. They signed the Treaties of Rome in 1957, which created the European Atomic Energy
Community (EURATOM) and the European Economic Community (EEC), popularly known as the "Common
Market." Trade barriers between the six countries dropped away. The existence of three separate "European
communities," the ECSC, EURATOM, and the EEC, meant a certain degree of confusion and overlap. In
1967 in a "Merger Treaty," the three became part of a new organization, the "European Communities," under a
new executive body, the European Commission. The three organizations now also had a unified budget.
E While the EEC was evolving, other European countries, led by Great Britain had formed a parallel
organization, the European Free Trade Association. Beginning in 1973, when the British, Irish, and Danish
joined the EEC, the two organizations were slowly merged, greatly expanding the membership of the EEC.

F In 1992, the European countries took a giant step forward with the Treaty of Maastricht, which created
the European Union (EU). The ambitions of the new organization went far beyond trade and finance. This was
the creation of the EU that we recognize today. The treaty created a plan for a new unified currency, the euro,
and called for cooperation in criminal justice and defense. Increased political and economic integration has led
to common policies on the environment and consumer affairs.
G Since Maastricht, the EU has added new members and expanded the "euro zone." Many people now
doubt that European countries will ever achieve full political and economic integration, but the EU has already
achieved a level of cooperation that would make Jean Monnet very proud.
A. The History of the European Economic Community
B. The European Union Today
C. Jean Monnet. Father of the European Union
D. The Development of the European Union
Instead of letting the bloodshed continue, however, Europeans joined together to form the European Union, a
strong organization that would foster cooperation, instead of competition.
A. force B. prevent C. determine D. encourage
3. What was the first trade organization formed by European countries?
A. the EEC B. the ECSC C. the EU D. EURATOM
4. Which of the following was not a result of the Merger Treaty?
A. The European Communities finally had a single budget.
B. A new unified ruling body, the European Commission, was created.
C. Three organizations were combined into the European Community.
D. The European countries decided to cooperate in criminal justice.
France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxemburg formed a common market for coal and
steel, meaning that those commodities could be sold freely across the borders without import fees.
A. countries B. markets C. materials D. industries
Section II Inferring the Meaning of Idioms and Expressions Look at the common phrases and idioms
written in italics and given in context in the sentences below. Choose the correct meaning from the three
options.
1. If I stayed home with my sick girlfriend, my little brother would be disappointed because I would miss his
graduation. If I went to the graduation, my girlfriend would be upset with me for leaving her home sick. I was
stuck herreen a rock and a hard place.
A. I had a big problem.
B. I was going to have a problem regardless of the choice I made.
C. I had a hard decision to make.

2. I got accepted by the skin of my teeth. They required a minimum 3.0 grade point average, and mine was a
3.02.
A. with very little margin
B. comfortably
C. because of my smile
3. My uncle lost his shirt in the Enron collapse. In 2000. his retirement account was worth approximately
$1.000.000. In 2004, it was worth $28.000,
A. went crazy
B. lost a great deal of money
C. got involved in
4. I was able to kill wo birds with one stone when talking to my boss yesterday. I got a raise and a nicer office.
A. I intimidated my boss with a stone.
B. I did two things at once.
C. I hurt my boss.
5. His idea was really half-baked. Upon closer examination we saw it wouldn't work for many reasons.
A. crude B. thoughtful C. not well planned
Section III New Words Fill in the blanks with words from the vocabulary list below.
acknowledge evidence litigious massive slaughter
cultural grotesque make amends resolved strategy
1. I would like to _________________ and thank my wife and children for all of their support in this project.
2. The ___________________ differences between the United States and Canada are very minor.
3-4. There is plenty of _________________ leading us to believe that she is guilty of the ______________
she was accused of having committed.
5. The United States is such a _________________society that we are being trained never to admit blame
when we apologize.
6. I wished to ___________________ with my neighbor and thus apologized for calling her nosy.
7-8. The new addition to their house is both ugly and huge; no, better yet _______________. In fact, I think it
is ___________________.
9. After crashing her car, she _____________________ to not drive again if she were sleepy.
10. My __________________for these tests is to eliminate as many easy answers as I can the first time
through.
Section IV Identifying Synonyms Choose a synonym from the box to fill in each of the blanks in the
sentences below.
clenched demeanor let bygones be bygones remorse swarmed
dead hobbled philanthropic restore takes a toll

1. Their jaws were (tightly closed) _______________and their eyes frowning as they followed the unpopular
orders.
2. One great thing about Marc is he has a very happy (quality, outlook on life) ________________________.
3. Bill Gates appears to be much more (giving to charities and causes) ______________________than Larry
Ellison.
4. The kindergartners (surrounded) ____________________around us when we started passing out candy.
5. Even though my neighbor and I had a history of squabbling, I decided to (forget the past)
________________and help her when she was in need.
6. Commuting for a couple of hours in traffic is OK for one or two days but by the end of a week of it you
notice that it (bothers, takes away from) _____________________on you.
7. It was sort of eerie walking into the classroom without the kids. There was a (complete)
_______________silence that I had never experienced in that school.
8. The wetlands have been damaged over the years by pollution and human encroachment. The Sierra Club
has a lofty plan to (revitalize) ____________________them to their original state.
9. On the day of her trial, she showed no (sorrow) _____________________for having run over and killed the
pedestrian. She simply pleaded with the judge to allow her to continue driving.
10. After playing the entire game with a sore back and scoring the winning goal, Alex (walked gingerly,
limped)
______________________off of the field.
The end

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READING CHAPTER TEST ONE: CHALLENGE

Name _________________________________ Date …../ ……/10 Score _ _ _ _ _ _

B. The mother's iron level often falls.

Section III: Fill in the blanks with words given

Section IV: Circle the correct word in parentheses

Supplementary vocabulary: Choose the best word to complete each sentence.

READING CHAPTER 2 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER 3 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER 3 TEST - MOSAIC

A. a drug researcher. A. International drug research has proven to be more

READING CHAPTER 4 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER 4 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER 4 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER 4 TEST - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST FIVE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST FIVE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST FIVE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST SIX - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST SEVEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST SEVEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST SEVEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST SEVEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST EIGHT - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST EIGHT - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST NINE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST NINE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST NINE - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST TEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST TEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST TEN - MOSAIC

READING CHAPTER TEST TEN - MOSAIC

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