50 Sample Essays Task 1 & Task 2

50 Sample Answers for IELTS Writing [Academic] from TED-IELTS.
com
Introduction
This collection of sample answers is intended to help you understand what is necessary in order to
write a great essay. All of these answers have been written by a native speaker who is also a
professional writer and IELTS trainer with more than ten years of experience.
It is important to note before we begin that these answers are not the only way to score band 9.
Whether you study English, Korean, Arabic, Spanish, or any other language, it is important to note
that there is more than one way to express yourself. If we gather 1,000 professional writers, they
would produce 1,000 different IELTS essays.
The fifty answers in this book have been written in order to guide IELTS candidates to the most
effective means of composing an essay. They show how to fulfil the requirements of the marking
rubric without using overly complex language.
In fact, that is one of the most important things that you should remember. Accuracy and range are
. The best way to approach IELTS writing is through
common sense. You could broadly categorise any good approach to an IELTS essay like this:
1) Analyse the question

2) Structure your answer
3) Write your essay
4) Check your writing
Obviously, the hardest part is #3 because there is so much to consider. However, it is important to
note that you do not need to achieve perfection in your essay. You just have to make it very good.
When it comes to structure, I always tell people to keep it simple. Do not try to reinvent the wheel.
Every task 2 essay requires an introduction and conclusion, as well as two or three body paragraphs.
Your structure should look like this:
1) Introduction
2) Body paragraph 1
3) Body paragraph 2
4) Conclusion
The contents of your body paragraphs will be determined by the requirements of the question. If it is
argument and one paragraph to the other. This is also a great way to add balance to your essay but
remember that balance is not necessary. It is also acceptable to offer a strong argument.
For task 1, you have a little more freedom. You should write an introduction but what follows may
be one or two or three paragraphs. It completely depends upon the information that you are
presented with. However, you should note that a conclusion is not necessary.
The sample answers in this book should help you to understand the construction and execution of a
very good IELTS essay. Do not think that these are the only ways to do it. They are intended as
models to help you but ultimately the process of planning and writing an essay comes down to one
person you.
David S. Wills
Founder, TED-IELTS
1
50 Sample Answers for IELTS Writing [Academic] from TED-IELTS.com
Task 1
The twenty essays in this section are all based upon task 1 of the IELTS writing test. They offer
descriptions of the data in a selected graph, chart, map, or diagram. The information that I have
chosen to describe is based upon my own interpretation. You should choose what you think is the
most interesting or important data.
As for structure, I have mostly written essays with three paragraphs. This allows me to write an
introduction that contains an overview, and then split the data into two groups. Sometimes,
however, this is not possible. Sometimes you need to split it into three groups, but try to avoid
writing too many paragraphs. This can cause you to lack sufficient development of your ideas.
Paragraph Purpose/Contents
Introduction Overview of the data (explain what the chart is)
Highlight a main trend
Body paragraph 1 First set of data
Start with most important information
Body paragraph 2 Second set of data
Start with most important information
Try to include some logical flow in your descriptions. If you start with the highest number, then
move on to the second highest and then the third. Do not jump about from first to third to second.
This would be confusing for your reader.
2
Question
Answer
The line graph shows changes in water use for the whole world over a one hundred year period, split
between three different sectors, while the table looks at just two countries Brazil and the
Democratic Republic of Congo for the year 2000.
Over the one-hundred-year period, it is obvious that all three types of water use increased
significantly, although none of them changed positions. Throughout the whole period, agricultural
purposes required more water than any other, beginning at about 500km3 and soaring to more than
3,000km3 a century later. Industrial use was much lower, at about 100km3 in the year 1900, but also
soared, finishing the period at about 1,500km3. Domestic use required slightly less water than
industrial use at the beginning of the period, but grew to use around 500km3 by the millennium.
In the year 2000, Brazil had a population and area of irrigated land vastly larger than that of the
Democratic Republic of Congo. Similarly, the amount of water used per person was more than forty
times greater than that of the D.R. Congo.
3
Question
Answer
over a fifty-year period, beginning in 1940. It charts the number of reported cases against the
prevalence of vaccination programmes. It can be determined that instances of whooping cough
declined after vaccination was introduced, rose again when it stopped, and then virtually
disappeared when vaccination rates covered almost all of the population.
Prior to the introduction of whooping cough vaccinations in the United Kingdom, the number of
cases fluctuated wildly between sixty thousand and a hundred and seventy thousand cases per year.
From the first year of vaccination onwards, this number fell rapidly until whooping cough was nearly
eradicated in the sixties and seventies. At this point, with the disease nearly vanquished, vaccination
rates dropped to just thirty percent, causing a spike in the number of cases. As the vaccination
programme restarted, whooping cough continued to be a problem until vaccinations covered almost
all of the population, at which point the disease virtually disappeared. By the twenty-first century,
there was only a negligible number of cases.
Note
This task was extremely complex and required an unusually long introduction. Because of that, I did
not want to group my later descriptions into two paragraphs. I felt this would not leave enough
room for a thorough and accurate description. As such, this is a rare case of a two-paragraph IELTS
essay.
4
Question
Answer
The process diagram presents information about how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology gathers,
processes, and distributes information pertaining to the weather. There are three sources of data
and three methods of forecasting information about the weather.
Initially, meteorological data is gathered from a network of satellites, radar stations, and drifting
buoys. The satellites provide photos of the Earth from space, while information from the radar
system and the satellites together produce a radar screen image. Finally, these two sources of
information combine with the drifting buoys to produce a synoptic chart.
Each of these three types of data is then analysed in order to provide a weather forecast. Once the
forecast has been decided upon by the meteorologists, the broadcast is prepared using a computer
system. This is then delivered to the general public via three methods: TV newsreaders, radio
broadcasts, and recorded announcements sent out over the phone system.
5
Question
Answer
The two maps show images of a park approximately one hundred years apart. The park has changed
almost entirely since it was first opened in 1920.
In 1920, the park had a fountain in the centre, and to the west of that was a stage for musicians.
There were rose gardens in the north-west and south-west corners, as well as one in the north-east,
next to a pond for water plants. In the south-east of the park there was a glasshouse. There were
also seats located around the edges of the park.
Today, there is little that remains of the original features, except for the two entrances and one of
the rose gardens. The fountain has been replaced by a central rose garden, which is surrounded by
play park, and the nearby rose garden has been turned into a café.
6
Question
Answer
The line graph shows the number of students arriving in Australia from four different Asian
countries. The number of students from each of these countries increased during the almost two-
decade-long period, but at different rates.
In the first year listed on the graph, there was a higher number of students from Malaysia than the
other three countries, with about five thousand Malaysian students visiting Australia. For
approximately the first five years, this figure was far higher than that of the other three countries.
While there were just under ten thousand Malaysian students, the other nations sent only about
one thousand. From about 1986 onwards, however, the other countries began sending more
students and these numbers rose faster than that of Malaysian students. By 2000, the final year on
the graph, Malaysia sent fewer students than the other nations listed, despite having quadrupled
from about five thousand to just shy of twenty thousand.
In contrast, the number of students from Hong Kong, Indonesia, and Singapore began to rise quickly
in the mid- to late-eighties. Hong Kong rose suddenly, then levelled off, and then increased fitfully
after that, while Indonesia sent more students at a steadily increasing rate until about 1998, when
numbers dropped. Singapore followed a similar trend but without the sudden drop near the end.
7
Question
Answer
There is a bar chart and a pie chart containing information taken from a survey on adult education.
The bar chart describes why adults go into education and the pie chart shows who the respondents
think should pay for it. People mostly go into education out of interest, and, perhaps unsurprisingly,
it is believed that they should pay for it themselves.
According to the data, forty percent of adults go into education due to some sort of interest in a
particular subject, while thirty-eight percent do it to gain qualifications. These are far and away the
most common reasons, as the next most frequently cited reason was almost half this value. Several
reasons were picked by about twenty percent of people, including the fact that it may help them
earn a promotion at work. The least frequently stated answer was that adult education is a good
way to meet new people.
The survey results showed forty percent of people believe the individual should pay the costs of a
course. This matches quite well with the previous data, as the same percentage of people did these
courses purely out of interest.
8
Question
Answer
The two maps depict the transportation facilities surrounding a city hospital in the years 2007 and
2010. Several changes took place during the intervening years.
In 2007, the hospital was accessible from the City Road via the Hospital Road, and this continued to
loop around the hospital as the ring road. There were several bus stops alongside the Hospital Road,
and a joint staff and public car park sat on the east side of road, with its access point just off the ring
road.
By 2010, much had changed. The junction from the City Road to the Hospital Road had been
converted to a roundabout, as had the junction connecting the Hospital Road with the ring road. The
bus stops had been replaced by a bus station on the west side of the Hospital Road, while the joint
staff and public car park had become a devoted staff car park. On the east side of the ring road, a
new public car park had been built.
9
Question
Answer
There are four pie charts that give information about the generation of electricity in France and
Germany in the year 2009. One set of charts looks at the total generation of electricity, while the
other looks at how renewable forms of energy were produced. The two countries had roughly
similar amounts of renewable energy, but these came from totally different sources.
Almost six tenths of Germany electricity came from conventional thermal sources, with almost a
quarter coming from nuclear power. In France, however, about three quarters came from nuclear
power and just a tenth came from conventional thermal. Both countries had similar figures for
renewable sources 17.4% for Germany and 13.7% for France.
In terms of different renewable energy sources, Germany relied primarily upon biomass, with forty
percent of its renewable energy from that source, compared to less than a tenth for France. More
than eighty percent of French renewables came from hydropower, compared to less than a fifth in
Germany. About a third of German renewable energy came from wind, while the figure was just a
tenth in France, and both countries produced very little solar power.
10
Question
Answer
The bar chart gives information about the number of prisoners in five different countries over a
period of fifty years, beginning in 1930. In each of the six different years recorded from this period,
the United States and Canada had either the highest or second highest number of prisoners.
In more than half of the years recorded, the United States had the highest number of prisoners of
these five countries, fluctuating between 100,000 and 140,000 inmates. During those two years
when the United States did not have the highest numbers, Canada surpassed them. In 1930 and
1940, Canada had roughly 120,000 prisoners and the United States was second or joint-second with
closer to 100,000 or 110,000 inmates.
The other countries tended to have far fewer people incarcerated, except New Zealand in the first
year, when they had 100,000 people in prison, giving it the same number as the United States. After
followed the same pattern, reducing the number of prisoners between 1930 and 1940, but
increasing it after that. The United Kingdom was similar but had a much lower total in 1930. Overall,
the British prison population grew more than any other nation and leapfrogged Australia in the final
year.
11
Question
Answer
The first table contains information about why British people travelled abroad between 1994 and
1998, and the second shows where they went. It can be seen that people mostly went abroad on
holiday, and that Western Europe was the predominant travel destination for Brits during these
years.
In 1994, a little over 22,000 of the British people surveyed said that they travelled abroad, with
about three quarters of those travelling for a holiday. The following year, the overall number of
travellers dropped, but in each of the subsequent years the number grew so that in 1998 there were
nearly 29,000 people travelling abroad. Once again, the vast majority of these people were going for
their holidays, with slight growth in the number travelling for business, to visit friends or family, and
other reasons.
In each of the years recorded, most people went to Western Europe. Nearly 20,000 people went to
Western Europe in 1994, growing to nearly 25,000 in the final year of graph. No more than 2,500
people ever went to North America or any other area during those five years.
12
Question
Answer
The line graph shows the number of international tourists arriving in five different regions. The chart
records data from 1990 to 2005 and, in each of those years, North America received the highest
number of tourists. However, in the final year it was a close tie between North America and Central
and Eastern Europe, which had risen quite rapidly since the millennium.
In 1990, there were more than twice as many arrivals in North American as in the next most popular
tourist destination, which was Central and Eastern Europe. The figures for North American continued
to grow steadily until the turn of the century, after which they pulled back slightly. During the final
five-year period, the number of arrivals was approximately 90 million. From 30 million in 1990, the
number of arrivals to Central and Eastern Europe rapidly increased and ended the period at almost
90 million as well.
The figures for the other three regions were similar to those of Central and Eastern Europe in that
they constantly increased, but they did so at a much less rapid rate. Southeast Asia saw a somewhat
steady rise from 20 million to about 50 million, while Sub-Saharan Africa and South America
followed a very similar trend to one another. They both grew from less than 10 million to very
roughly 20 million.
13
Question
Answer
The three pie charts show information about three different kinds of nutrients and their prevalence
in typical American meals. There are four kinds of meal mentioned, including snacks. The figures for
sodium and saturated fat are loosely similar, but for added sugar they are quite different.
Sodium and saturated fat are both extremely common in typical American dinners. According to the
pie charts, 43% of sodium is consumed at dinner time as well as 37% saturated fat, but just 23% of
added sugar is found in American dinners. An American lunch is made up of almost a third sodium,
more than a quarter saturated fat, and about a fifth added sugar. Breakfasts contain the least
amount of these potentially unhealthy ingredients, at 14% sodium and 16% for both saturated fat
and added sugar.
The figures for snacks look quite different. These are overwhelmingly comprised of added sugar, at a
staggering 42%. These foods also contain 14% sodium and 21% saturated fat.
14
Question
The following bar chart shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in
one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.
Answer
The bar chart compares modes of transportation for people commuting to work in a European city. It
looks at data from a forty-year period, beginning in 1960 and ending in 2000. There were significant
changes during this time.
In 1960, the most popular means of getting to work was by walking, with nearly 35% of people
choosing to go on foot. Similarly, a quarter of people chose to cycle to work. These methods were
far more popular than taking a car, which only about 5% of people did.
These data saw a complete reversal over the next forty years, with walking and cycling falling in
popularity, while driving skyrocketed to become the most common method of commuting. By 2000,
the figures for these three methods had nearly inverted.
Buses, on the other hand, started and ended the period at around the same level, although they
spiked in popularity in 1980, briefly being the chosen type of transport for about a quarter of people.
15
Question
Answer
There are two maps, one of which shows Islip town centre at present and one which shows plans for
its redevelopment. A great many changes are anticipated to take place.
Currently, Islip town centre is comprised of a main road that has shops along either side. There is
housing behind the shops, and on the western edge of the main road there is a small side road
leading to a school. To the east, another side road leads to a park.
The proposed changes completely reshape the landscape of Islip. Only half of the shops will remain,
and the main road will be turned into a pedestrian walkway. On the northern side of what was once
the main road, there will be a bus station, a shopping centre, a car park, and some new housing. The
park in the east will be reduced in size and more new housing added, whilst perhaps the most
notable change of all will be a large dual carriageway that will encircle the whole town.
16
Question
Answer
The bar chart shows data about exercise done by Australians in 2010. The information is categorized
by age and gender, and it is clear that women do more physical activity than men in each age group
except for the youngest.
In the youngest group, which shows data about people aged fifteen to twenty-four, the males are
recorded as doing more exercise than the females, with 58.2% compared to 47.7% saying that they
do regular physical activity. In the next age bracket, however, the percentage of men who exercise
drops significantly to 42.2%, while the number of women rises slightly. The same trend takes place
during the next age group as well, with the number of men exercising continuing to decline, and the
number for women rising.
From the age of thirty-five onwards, the number of women exercising stays fairly steady, while the
figures for men improve, until the final groups of men and women aged sixty-five and over. In this
category, both men and women do far less physical activity, and their figures are very close, at 46.7%
and 47.1% respectively.
17
Question
Answer
The bar chart shows the percentage of people in England and Wales who owned or rented their
property over a period of nearly one hundred years, beginning in 1918 and ending in 2011. The data
is inversely correlated, meaning that as the number owners increased, the number of renters
decreased.
In 1918, accommodations were overwhelmingly rented, with nearly 80% of people renting their
homes rather than owning them. Twenty years later, this figure had dropped to less than 70% of
people, and there was no change over the next decade and a half.
From 1961 onwards, the percentage of people owning a home exploded, while the number of
renters went into free fall. For thirty years this trend continued, until around the millennium it
slowed down, and finally began to reverse in 2011. Between 2001 and 2011, the percentage of
homeowners decreased for the first time in more than a half century.
18
Question
Answer
There are two maps depicting a university sports centre before and after a period of redevelopment.
There are some parts that will remain the same and others that will be completely altered, and the
total area of the sports centre will be increased significantly.
At the centre of the sports centre is a 25-metre swimming pool, surrounded by a seating area and a
changing room, with a reception desk between it and the entrance. These features have not
changed between the first map and the second. However, the gym, which sits behind the swimming
pool, has been substantially expanded, and in the second map it is approximately twice the size it
originally was. To the east of the gym, two dance studios have been added in the second map, and
to the west there is now a large leisure pool. At the front of the building, near the reception, there
are two additional changing rooms, as well as a sports shop and café.
19
Question
Answer
The diagram depicts a hydroelectric power station, and shows how electricity is generated by the
flow of water through a dam and other component parts. Ultimately, water flows from one reservoir
to another, producing electricity that is sent to the national grid.
Firstly, water enters a reservoir from a river. The water is held back from its natural course by a dam,
underneath which there is an intake pipe that is open during the day and closed at night. During the
daytime, water flows down, via gravity, to the power station, which is housed below the dam. In the
power station, the flowing water spins a generator, which produces an electrical current that is then
distributed via power lines to the national grid.
Once the water has generated this electricity, it flows into a lower reservoir, but at night it is
pumped back up through the system to the upper reservoir, ready to begin the process again the
following day.
20
Question
Answer
The chart and table give information about exports in five different categories during two years. The
chart shows the total earnings from exports, while the table shows the changes in terms of
percentage from one year to the next.
n in
2015, and rose 3% over the next year. The next most valuable export was engineered goods, which
were worth about $57 billion in 2015, and more than $60 billion by the following year. Their growth
between 2015 and 2016 was 8.5%.
The next three categories of exports were worth far less. Gems and jewellery were worth almost $45
billion in 2015, but actually fell 5.18% by the next year. It was the only type of export to drop during
these two years. Agricultural products grew from one year to the next, but only 0.81%, while lowest
valued export, textiles, saw the biggest jump 15.24% between 2015 and 2016.
21
Question
The diagram illustrates the volume of electricity produced and consumed in ten countries in 2014.
Answer
The bar chart shows the amount of electricity that was produced and used in ten different countries
in 2014. It is clear that China both produced and consumed the most electricity, while South Korea
produced and consumed the least.
Of the ten countries, two were runaway leaders in the production and consumption of electricity.
First was China, which surpassed five trillion kWh in both categories, and next was the United States,
which produced a little over four trillion and used a little less than four trillion kWh. This was about
four times the amounts registered by the next country on the list, Russia, which was at about one
trillion for production and consumption. Every other country on the list generated and used less
than one trillion kWh of electricity.
Every country on the list produced more electricity than they used except for Germany, which used
slightly more. They consumed 582.5 billion kWh of electricity, and only generated 526.6 kWh.
22
Task 2
In this section, we will look at the second task from the IELTS writing test. Here, you are required to
write at least 250 words in response to a question. There are five different types of essay that you
might encounter in writing task 2:
opinion essays
discussion essays
problem and solution essays
advantages and disadvantages essays
two-part question tasks
These require slightly different answers, but basically they can be approached with the same four or
five paragraph structure. It is essential that you include an introduction and a conclusion here, and
that your essay stays consistent in its viewpoint and focus.
Some people think that it is necessary to include balance in these essays but you can give a strong,
opinionated answer if you want. Sometimes it is easier to write a good opinionated essay, but other
times it is easier to write an excellent balanced one. Ultimately, it is your choice.
The essays in this section largely follow a similar pattern:
Paragraph Purpose/ Content

Introduction Introduce the topic
Focus the topic on a specific aspect
State your viewpoint and/or outline the essay
Body paragraph 1 First main idea
Explain
Example
Either add more evidence or refute this idea
Body paragraph 2 Second main idea
Explain
Example
Make a convincing argument
Conclusion Summarise the main points and refer to your key ideas
Obviously, it completely depends upon the question that you are given. A problem/solution essay
erent
from an agree/disagree or advantages/disadvantages. However, the key point is that you can use
this basic, four-paragraph structure to answer almost anything.
One final point: In this part of the exam, aim to write about 260-280 words. If you write less than
that, you may not have fully developed your ideas, and if you write more then you might not have
time to finish or proofread your essay.
23
Question
It is becoming increasingly popular to have a year off between finishing school and going to
university.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?
Answer
school and enrolling at university. There are both advantages and disadvantages to this
phenomenon; however, this essay will argue that the advantages completely outweigh the
disadvantages.
To begin with, students who choose to take a gap year experience many benefits over those who go
straight into higher education. For one thing, they have a chance to see the world and mature
somewhat. Many high school students lead sheltered lives and simply are not ready to deal with
university, but taking a year to work or travel can help them to grow up and prepare for the
challenges that lie ahead. In addition, they may be able to earn some money by working for a year.
worries that come with such a financial burden.
The disadvantages are few and comparatively minor. Those who disagree with the concept of a gap
year argue that it is a waste of time as students should go to university first in order to complete
their education. However, this is based upon a misunderstanding of the benefits that can come from
a well-spent year between school and university. As explained in the previous paragraph, students
may develop certain useful skills that can actually benefit them at university, such as maturity or
financial security.
In conclusion, the advantages of students taking a year-off prior to starting higher education
significantly outweigh the disadvantages. It can allow them to develop important skills that may give
them benefits not shared by their peers.
24
Question
Some people feel that certain workers like nurses, doctors and teachers are undervalued and should
be paid more, especially when other people like film actors or company bosses are paid huge sums
of money that are out of proportion to the importance of the work that they do.
How far do you agree?
What criteria should be used to decide how much people are paid?
Answer
low-paid workers, like teachers and nurses, and at the opposite end there are people whose salaries
are very high, such as film stars and company bosses. Many people would argue that this is unfair,
and I would agree with them.
For a start, it seems that many hard-working people are not adequately rewarded for their efforts. In
the United States, the minimum wage for some workers is around $7 per hour, according to the
Department of Labor. Although the people who do this work spend all their time and energy, they
are not fairly rewarded because it is very difficult to survive on such a low wage. There are few
opportunities for advancement, and their wage is not dependent upon the work that they do.
In contrast, some people are highly rewarded for their work. People like professional athletes and
film stars receive salaries that are disproportionate to the work that they do. While it is undeniable
that they are skilled and that their efforts reap large benefits, can we really say that they work
harder than a teacher, a nurse, or a cleaner? According to Forbes magazine, Floyd Mayweather the
professional boxer earned $105 million for 72 minutes of work this year. It seems that this is unfair
when most people struggle to earn enough money to pay rent or buy food, despite working much
more.
Because of these obvious differences, we need to consider how to distribute salaries more evenly.
For a start, minimum wage should be set at a level that provides a comfortable living. Then, we
should cap the salaries of people who are overpaid, because quite frankly no one needs so much
money. Last year, the president of a company in the United States reduced his own salary to
In conclusion, the current system is unfair because it does not reward effort equally. Some people
work hard and receive little, while others are given vast sums of money because their work is
popular. We need to consider ways to address this issue because it seems counter-productive.
Note
I have used a five-paragraph structure here in order to show how it can sometimes improve an
essay. Certainly, four paragraphs would have been acceptable but I felt that the first question
required two paragraphs to adequately discuss, and then the second question clearly needed an
additional paragraph.
25
Question
In many countries, schools have severe problems with student behaviour.
What do you think are the causes of this?
What solutions can you suggest?
Answer
In many parts of the world, student discipline is becoming a major issue that teachers, parents, and
school administrators have to deal with. This essay will first look at the reasons why this is
happening, and then explore solutions for it.
The primary reason for this increase in bad behaviour is the lack of respect for teachers in western
society since the late twentieth century, which is partly due to the emphasis placed upon personal
freedoms and individual rights. With massive cultural upheaval, the role of a teacher has diminished,
and school pupils can run amok. Nowadays, teachers are powerless to stop their students from
misbehaving in the classroom, and what is worse is that they are afraid of the consequences of being
firm in their disciplinary procedures. When teachers are deemed to be too strict, parents will
complain and it is possible that the teacher could lose their job.
be established, and this means making changes that reduce the likelihood of their position being
questioned. From misbehaving pupils to unreasonable parents, there needs to be support for the
teacher from above. This sort of institutional help has been missing for decades as education
ight. Schools need to
implement firm but fair rules that all pupils must abide by and there should be equally firm but fair
punishments meted out accordingly.
In conclusion, discipline problems are now common in many schools, and that is because teachers
are no longer given the respect they are due. Schools and government authorities need to work to
reinforce the importance of respecting teachers.
26
Question
Some people feel that manufacturers and supermarkets have the responsibility to reduce the
amount of packaging of goods. Others argue that customers should avoid buying goods with a lot of
packaging.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Answer
The problem of pollution is a major one in the modern era, and in the developed world people have
been trying to find solutions for several decades. Currently, one of the biggest debates revolves
around whether it should be companies or individual people that bear the majority of the
responsibility for this improvement. This essay will look at both arguments and conclude that the
responsibility should be shared.
To begin with, some people argue that major corporations are responsible for fixing our
environmental problems because they have profited from reprehensible crimes against the
environment for decades. If these companies suddenly changed to sustainable, eco-friendly
products and packaging, consumers could still continue their normal shopping without having so
y
ensure that everyone contributes to repairing our planet. However, companies function on profits
and generally single-use plastics are cheap, so many of them are reluctant to make the switch.
On the other hand, people can also make a difference. Companies only sell what there is a demand
for, and if people start demanding greener products and more responsible corporate actions, then
companies will have to comply. If their customers started complaining about or boycotting overly-
packaged goods, companies would quickly change to keep the consumer happy. However, sadly not
all people care about the environment, and in many parts of the world cost comes first. If we rely
entirely upon people to make this choice, there will be no progress. In many parts of the world,
people still think it is fine to throw plastic into rivers so they should not be depended upon to make
reasonable choices.
In conclusion, both companies and individuals should take an active role in fixing the damage they
have done to the world, but neither can be entirely trusted. Everyone should make some positive
effort and it would also be helpful for governments to pass laws with serious punishments for
offenders who violate environmental regulations.
27
Question
These days many families move to other countries for work. Some people believe that children in
these families benefit from this move. However, others believe that it makes life more difficult for
the children.
Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
Answer
It has become increasingly common that people move from one country to another in order to find
work. When they do this, they often take their children with them. This has major advantages and
disadvantages for them, which this essay will explore. It will argue that it is perhaps slightly more
beneficial that children have this experience in their lives.
Moving to another country is a major decision to make because it involves serious upheaval,
particularly when you have children. There are countless possible stresses and shocks that are
involved in this process, not the least of which is having to learn a new language. For children, this
means moving not just to a new country but to a whole new education system, and while it surely
offers opportunities, it is also a frightening experience. These kids can quickly become socially
ostracised due to not speaking the local language perfectly or even just through racism or
xenophobia.
However, it should not be forgotten that there are various benefits to moving abroad and that even
though it may be difficult at first, it might be worthwhile in the long run. Children are resilient and
adaptable, so they should cope with the shock of the move. After a few months or years, they will
have learned a new language, made new friends, adapted to a new culture, and learned new things.
As adults, they will probably look back on this as a period of positive change that made them into
stronger and more talented people. Although it was difficult at the time, they will no doubt
recognise in the future that it was a necessary hardship to endure.
In conclusion, there are two sides to this debate and each of them has strong points to make, but
ultimately it would probably be for the best that a family moves to a new country with their children
because there is so much potential for personal growth.
28
Question
In some countries, governments provide payments for unemployed people.
How does this impact people?
Is this a positive or negative development?
Answer
In some countries around the world, there are social security systems in place to ensure that human
suffering is minimised. This takes various forms, including the distribution of money to unemployed
people. This essay will explore the effects of this sort of system and then argue that it is a positive
development.
notion that a government should take steps to ensure that no person is entirely left behind. This
means that the country should have free healthcare, free education, and emergency funds in place
for disaster relief and unemployment benefits. When countries take this sort of measure, it clearly
costs them a great deal of money, but it is the ethical thing to do. It means that the average person
does not have to worry about suddenly losing everything because they have encountered some
problems in life. For example, if a father loses his job, the government will give him a small amount
of money each month in order to support himself and his family. This will stop them from starving or
going homeless, thereby allowing the man to find a new job without suffering too much hardship. It
also means that he does not have to take a terrible job just to make immediate money and can find
something that is suited for him instead. This is an incalculable benefit to society.
Clearly, this is a positive development and it is a hallmark of most developed countries. When people
are able to live in this way, they can be more content in their lives and also more productive. People
who have to continually worry about sliding into poverty are less likely to feel happy and more likely
to take dangerous or destructive risks in order to provide themselves and their family with a bright
future.
In conclusion, it is ethically and logically justifiable for countries to support their populations during
times of grave difficulty, which includes the provision of an unemployment benefit. This will stop
people starving and encourage people to be more productive and creative, ultimately leading to the
betterment of society.
29
Question
Longer life spans and improvements in the health of older people suggest that people over the age
of sixty-five can continue to live full and active lives.
In what ways can society benefit from the contribution that older people can make?
Answer
In the modern era, life expectancies around the world are rising and societies are struggling to cope
with this monumental demographic shift. This essay will explore some of the positive impacts that
elderly people can have on society.
To begin with, old people tend to be more careful and patient than younger people, so there are
various applications for this quality. Whilst young people tend to be more impetuous, the elderly are
capable of remaining calm and demonstrating tolerance, so these people can be put in positions
where such skills are required. For example, older people make excellent leaders. Even though we
tend to look for dynamic, young leaders, the elderly are more capable of these undervalued
attributes, making them less likely to push countries into war due to making rash decisions.
In addition, we now appreciate cutting-edge knowledge but often forget that other forms of
knowledge are also important. In an ever-changing world, there are some things that remain static
and so older people, who have picked up skills throughout their lives, are still necessary. They know
how to do things that younger people do not care about, such as practical maintenance skills. The
world that they grew up in may now be gone, but those ideas are still important and the modern
world can definitely benefit from them.
In conclusion, society currently values youth more than age, but there are some qualities that the
elderly can bring to modern life that can improve the world. Organisations should be comprised of a
mixture of old and young people to reap the benefits of both types of person.
30
Question
In recent years, many small local shops have closed because customers travel to large shopping
centres or malls to do their shopping.
Is this a positive or a negative development?
Answer
During the twentieth century, as populations expanded and more people moved to the city, life
changed in many ways, including how we go shopping. While previously people would purchase
what they needed at small, local shops, by the end of the century people were primarily shopping at
larger malls and superstores. This essay will argue that it is neither a positive nor a negative
development; in fact, it is simply a natural change.
The main argument against this sort of change is that smaller shops were run by individuals or
families, whereas large malls and supermarkets are operated by huge national or multinational
conglomerates. Small business owners are being squeezed out of the market by these huge
corporate entities. This also causes a situation where the personal aspect of smaller stores is lost,
and the high streets lose their character as shops that have been around for decades or longer
suddenly close. Each town begins to look more like the next.
However, it is not all bad. These vast stores offer far more choice and better prices than smaller
shops could offer. In addition, they specialize in customer service and so although they may not be
entirely personal, the staff are well-trained to deal with a wide variety of situations. These shops can
offer a greater level of convenience for customers, and cater to people with disabilities more easily.
In conclusion, it is understandable that many people are upset by the phenomenon of small shops
closing, but in reality it is not necessarily a negative development. There are some positives to this
situation as well.
31
Question
The development of tourism has contributed to English becoming the most prominent language in
the world. Some people think that this will lead to English becoming the only language to be spoken
globally.
What are the advantages and disadvantages to having one language in the world?
Answer
In the last few centuries, English has risen to become the most important and influential language on
the planet, and it is possible that it could become the de facto world language at some point in
future. This essay will explore the advantages and disadvantages of having a single world language.
In terms of positives, having a single world language clearly makes it easier for people around the
world to communicate with each other. For tourism, business, education, and almost anything else,
this would be a tremendous boost. For thousands of years, people have been attempting to learn
foreign languages in order to carry out trade or diplomacy, but with just one world language there
would be no need. People could finally communicate with anyone else on Earth without seeking a
translator. This is perhaps the single biggest advantage that could arise from having just one
language.
However, there are undoubtedly some negatives that come with having a single world language.
First and foremost is the fact that having just one language means that many other languages have
died out. This means that hundreds or thousands of years of cultural history has come to a sudden
end. Lots of ancient books and inscription will no longer be understood. Beyond that, having a single
world language may bring people together but it also starts to erase their differences. All of the
myriad cultural quirks that make different societies unique have already begun to erode with
globalisation and the internet, and a world language would surely speed up that process.
In conclusion, there are various advantages to having a single world language, such improving the
ease of communication between people, but there are also many disadvantages like eroding cultural
differences.
32
Question
Some people say that increasing business and cultural contact between countries brings many
positive effects. Others say that it causes the loss of national identities.
Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
Answer
In the twenty-first century, the world feels like it has become smaller as we can now travel from one
country to another in a matter of hours, and people from all walks of life move around the globe to
start new lives. However, with all these people moving from place to place, and all the associated
business and cultural interchange, it is argued that traditional cultures are dying. This essay will
examine both views.
The modern era has brought the people of the earth closer together. There is less violence and more
social harmony than ever before, and this is in part due to the fact that the people of the world have
been united. Economic relationships and cultural exchange have brought us all closer together and
prevent us from falling too far apart. It seems laughable that there could be another world war, for
example, because we are now dependent upon each other. So much of our peace and prosperity is
due to the close relationships our nations now have.
However, it must also be noted that there are some downsides to the era of globalization. Trade,
technology, and culture have brought our countries closer together, but we are not in an equal
relationship. It is the culture of the wealthiest nations that spreads around the world, and when this
happens, existing cultures are lost. On almost every continent, people listen to American music,
watch American movies, and wear American-style clothes. Their own ideas are fast becoming
historical relics as the world becomes depressingly homogenous.
In conclusion, there are obvious benefits to the business and cultural exchanges between the
countries of the world, but there are also some great losses. On the whole, it is probably the
positives that outweigh the negatives, but both need to be considered.
33
Question
Large businesses have big budgets for marketing and promotion, and as a result, people gravitate
towards buying their products.
What problems does this cause?
What are the possible solutions?
Answer
It is quite common to hear people complaining nowadays about giant corporations such as Amazon
because they have vast resources and can create virtual monopolies. This essay will look at the
problems this causes and suggest two possible solutions.
The problem with large companies dominating the market is that they push out competition. In the
beginning, this seems beneficial for customers because they are able to buy a large range of
products at a low price, but later they only have one option for their purchases and this provides
that company with undue power and influence. Over time, these huge companies squeeze out their
competitors, causing other organisations to go bankrupt and leave their employees without jobs.
This can devastate local areas by increasing unemployment and reducing services. Altogether, it has
a massively negative effect on society.
To stop this from happening, there are really only two options. The first is a series of anti-monopoly
laws established by the government. In recent decades, both Microsoft and Google have been
stopped from gaining too much power by the use of these laws. However, in many countries it is
difficult to enforce such laws due to corruption, and so the other alternative is encouraging people
to shop locally. At the moment, this is difficult because people generally want to shop at the place
with the biggest selection and lowest prices, but they need to understand that this comes at a
serious cost. Saving money now can have a major impact later.
In conclusion, when companies become too powerful, they can squeeze out the competition and
gain undue influence. This has a really negative impact upon society, and so there are things the
government and people can do to stop this happening.
34
Question
Creative artists should always be given the freedom to express their own ideas (in words, music, or
films) in whichever way they wish. There should be no government restrictions on what they do.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
Answer
Different countries around the world have different attitudes towards art and culture, and in some
places that means artists are given the freedom to create, while in other countries they are
restricted or oppressed. This essay will argue that all countries should extend artistic freedoms to
their populations.
To begin with, if we acknowledge that art serves various important personal, cultural, and social
functions, then it makes sense that countries should encourage their artists to create new works.
Sadly, in some places, governments attempt to stifle artistic ventures because they fear that these
will be critical towards the government or society. For this reason, artistic advancement is
sometimes hindered by politicians with regressive attitudes. A brief look at modern history clearly
shows that countries with open-minded governments and liberal policies create the most significant
artwork. A perfect example of a period of artistic accomplishment is the 1960s in the United States,
when various court cases overturned obscenity laws and banned censorship. The result was an
outpouring of creativity in all artistic fields, whose impact is still felt today in all corners of the globe.
Conversely, it is easy to see what happens when countries have overly strict governments with
strong social controls and oppressive attitudes. In such places, almost no artistic advancement is
made and people such as musicians and painters can only work in traditional modes, without doing
anything new. There are many famous artists who have had to flee from oppressive countries in
order to continue their work. These countries are doomed to produce no unique artistic work and
therefore to yield little cultural influence in the world. Between their propaganda and censorship,
their government ensures that their culture will stagnate or simply rely upon imported art, which
they will never fully understand because of the restrictions that have been imposed on their own
development.
In conclusion, art is an important part of life and being creative is essential to it. When countries
and disappointing cultural output.
35
Question
Happiness is considered very important in life.
Why is it difficult to define?
What factors are important in achieving happiness?
Answer
Happiness is perhaps the single most important thing in life. Whether people realize it or not, they
are usually seeking happiness for themselves and for their loved ones. However, little is really
to achieve it. This essay will explore these issues.
Defining happiness is quite difficult because it is essentially just a feeling, and in particular a
temporary one. Everyone experiences happiness sometimes, but not all the time, and it is a deeply
personal sensation. Is happiness the same experience for a four-year-old child and a forty-year-old
woman? This seems unlikely. It also seems reasonable to assume that happiness is different for each
person, and also that happiness will vary from culture to culture. Therefore, it is hard to produce a
universally accepted definition of happiness.
Because happiness is different for each person, there is no guaranteed way to achieve happiness.
However, there are some commonalities in terms of the factors that may lead to this state of feeling.
Success seems to cause happiness in people, as does an unexpected positive outcome. Feelings of
closeness to another person typically cause us to feel happiness, and other social or familial factors
often contribute as well. Happiness may also be related to self-satisfaction and high self-esteem, and
of participating effectively as part of a group.
In conclusion, happiness is notoriously difficult to define because it is a fleeting sensation that is

experienced differently by different people all around the world. However, there are numerous
possible factors that may contribute to making people happy.
36
Question
Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our
personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life.
Which do you consider to be the major influence?
Answer
For centuries, people have debated the issue of nature versus nurture, which refers to whether
talent and personality are innate or due to environmental factors. This essay will argue that it is a
mixture of the two that shapes who we are.
In terms of nature, most human beings seem to be born with certain innate personality traits, such
as determining whether we are outgoing or introverted, optimistic or pessimistic, credulous or
sceptical. It is believed that these are coded into our DNA and have been a part of us since before
birth, so it is quite difficult to change them. However, humans are very malleable during their first
two decades on Earth and so it is unclear just how much a perso
genes and how much was picked up in those early years. Also, it is clear that major events and
situations can affect that personality development during this crucial time.
The nurture side of the debate is a bit clearer because we can more easily observe how people
change over time due to the events in their life. A baby adopted into a new family may change its
personality as it grows, for example, and major traumatic events can, of course, cause people to
alter their outlook. There are countless examples of optimistic young people going to war or being in
a tragic accident and then turning into bitter, cynical, and withdrawn people. Clearly, their
personality was changed by external factors, so nature is not necessarily the predominant force.
In conclusion, both viewpoints have their merits but in most cases it is a mixture of the two that
responsible, but we can be sure that they both have an important effect on it.
37
Question
Many people believe that the high levels of violence in the media and online are causing serious
social problems.
What are these problems and how could they be reduced?
Answer
In recent decades, it has become common to hear people complaining about the violent content in
the media or online. This essay will look at how it affects people and suggest some ways that it can
be tackled.
First of all, it is believed by some experts that people can be influenced by the violent things that
they see in the media. Although it is not conclusively proven, it is suggested that this sort of
experience can either desensitise them to violence or even encourage violent behaviour. For
example, it is believed that movies and TV shows that depict violence casually cause people to think
about real violence as a trivial issue. The movie, Reservoir Dogs, has often been cited as encouraging
and glamorising violence against others, and has been suspected as an influence in several crimes
committed by young adults.
If it is proven that the media is truly causing people to turn to violence, then there are some possible
steps that could be taken. The first and most important thing is to talk seriously with children about
these complex issues. Parents should sit down and explain to their kids why they may see these sorts
of things in the media and why, in most cases, the violence is stylised and not real. This will stop
people from growing up with unrealistic or dangerous views about violence. There can also be a
system put in place to prevent children from seeing things that they are too young to view. In the
UK, there have been such procedures for many years, prohibiting children from seeing inappropriate
content in movies, online, on TV, and in video games.
In conclusion, some people believe that violence in movies can be dangerous. This is possible and if
it does happen, then it may desensitise people or encourage them to commit violent acts. This can
be mitigated by educating people from a young age and stopping children from seeing such things.
38
Question
These days, in some countries, an increasing number of young adults are choosing to spend their
whole weekend inside their own house.
Why do you think this is happening?
Is this a positive or negative development?
Answer
Nowadays, it is quite common for young adults to stay at home rather than go out and socialise or
do other activities. This essay will look at reasons why that has happened, such as technological
innovations, and argue that it is definitely a negative development.
Over the past few decades, technology has moved forward at an astounding rate. Most people can
now afford some sort of mobile phone, and these give us access to entire worlds of information,
including addictive videos and games. Because of this, it is now quite easy to spend twenty-four
hours a day at home without becoming bored. People develop dependencies upon their devices and,
at the same time, the real world starts to seem dull and frightening by comparison. As such, it is now
and a social life.
This definitely seems like a negative trend. For a start, it is clearly a sign of mass addiction, which is
alarming. People do not have control over their reliance upon devices and it is negatively affecting
their health and social life. When people cannot control their actions, this is clearly an indication that
change is needed or else a severe price might be paid. Additionally, staying indoors is simply bad for
a person. Humans evolved outdoors and we need the fresh air, sunlight, and stimulation in order to
maintain our physical and mental health. It is not possible to live a completely healthy life when
most of that time is spent locked indoors.
In conclusion, people now spend much of their time indoors and this is probably due to their mobile
phone addictions. This is a negative development because it shows people are losing control of their
lives and the effects on their health can be devastating.
39
Question
Despite the growing number of gyms and fitness centres, more and more people are leading a
sedentary lifestyle in the modern society.
What problems are associated with this? What solutions can you suggest?
Answer
In the twenty-first century, an unprecedented number of people are living sedentary lifestyles due to
changes in our work and social habits. This is a seriously dangerous phenomenon and greatly
threatens our health and happiness. This essay will look at the problems and solutions.
The problems stemming from a sedentary lifestyle are numerous, but mostly they relate to health.
The human body has evolved over millions of years to be active, and this sudden change in our
behaviour is unnatural. Our bones, ligaments, and muscles all suffer greatly from spending long
periods of time sitting down. It is common now for people to suffer from neck pain, for example, due
to being hunched over our computers. Moreover, by not moving about enough we face the problem
of burning insufficient calories. This means that we tend to become overweight and suffer from an
array of obesity-related illnesses.
and long-distance walking. Education at a young level is of course of paramount importance. Once
we teach our children to be active, it will encourage them to continue this pattern of behaviour in
later life. Beyond that, we need to transition away from sedentary workplace environments and a
reliance upon cars as a primary mode of transportation. It is simply too easy for people to avoid
activity when they are confined to a desk or car seat for most of their day.
In conclusion, the modern trend towards inactivity is worrying because of the host of health
problems which stem from it. Solving this problem will be a major challenge, but there are some
things that can be done.
40
Question
Popular events like the football World Cup and other international sporting occasions are essential in
easing international tensions and releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way.
Answer
It has been suggested that major international sporting events serve the purpose of easing
international tensions and allowing people to release their patriotic fervour in a safe and positive
way. This essay will partially agree with that statement.
It is true that large sporting events are generally good for the population because they allow people
to release their emotions and engage in a primitive sort of bonding that is not common in most of
society today. When people support their country, they participate in a tribal event that engages
thousands or millions of other people, gathering them together and allowing them to express
feelings that normally become repressed. As most people live unfulfilling, stressful lives, it could be
way that is socially acceptable and also mentally healthy.
However, while that is a reasonable assumption, it seems that the other claim is less credible. It is
hard to see how an international sporting event would heal tensions between nations in any real
sense. There are probably examples of this happening occasionally throughout history when minor
squabbles have been put aside, but for the most part it is likely to contribute to further tensions
between nations with acrimonious histories. When events such as the World Cup occur, police are
required to keep fans apart in order to avoid violent skirmishes, proving that this just inflames
tensions. While this is true at an individual level, it is also true at a government level. Sports can
bridge some small divides but major problems will remain.
In conclusion, international sporting events are important and do have positive effects, but it is
unlikely that they could solve diplomatic problems or heal tensions between nations.
41
Question
Some people believe that technology has made man more sociable while others believe it has made
us less sociable.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
Answer
There has been a lot of debate over the past fifteen years about whether social media is really
making people more sociable, or whether the name is in fact ironic. This debate could well be
expanded to include any number of other technologies, as they seem to pose the same problems.
This essay will argue that technology is indeed making us less sociable.
Those who say that technology makes us more sociable have some strong arguments to support
their view. For a start, devices like mobile phones certainly make it easier for people to get in touch
with one another, and applications like Facebook and WhatsApp allow people from all parts of the
world to communicate with each other, making new friends or staying in touch with old ones. Whilst
these points are undoubtedly true, one must ask whether that is genuinely being sociable, or if it is
just a more convenient way of doing something we otherwise would have done. Prior to social
media, we sent letters. Those letters were probably more thoughtful and detailed.
Moreover, technology tends to make people less aware of their surroundings, and less apt to engage
with others. Just look at any café, bus, or waiting room. People barely look up from their phones
now, and many of them have their headphones in. People are more reluctant to engage with each
other on a human level, and prefer sending messages or tweeting. Millions of young people are
addicted to their phones or computers, and withdraw from society, reluctant to form real human
bonds with their peers. So even if technology makes it easier to connect, we are certainly losing true
personal connections.
In conclusion, it appears as though modern technology is attempting to make people more sociable,
but in fact the result is the very opposite of that intention.
42
Question
In some countries, the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness
are decreasing.
What do you think are the causes of these problems? What measures can be taken to solve them?
Answer
Around the world, it can be observed that people are becoming increasingly overweight, and at the
same time their fitness levels are dropping. There are many different reasons for this, and many
possible solutions. This essay will look at a few of these.
explain in detail. However, the biggest contributing factor is likely to be the lifestyle changes that
have come about in the last one hundred years or so. As people no longer have to forage for food or
even do manual labor, they are burning fewer and fewer calories. Recently, the developed world has
seen people working from offices and spending all their time at computer screens. In addition,
supermarkets and fast food restaurants now provide copious amounts of high calorie food for
people to consume. These two factors have combined to create the obesity epidemic that plagues
the world today.
Finding solutions to these problems is obviously very difficult because these new ways of living are
already deeply ingrained in our culture. However, the best solution is probably to start educating
people from a younger age to eat healthily and get more exercise. Children are very open to these
ideas, and if they learn about the importance of nutrition and exercise from a young age, they will
adapt well and stand a better chance of living healthily in future. By making these classes mandatory
for all children, a trend will be created leading to the improvement of overall public health.
In conclusion, the current problems of obesity and unfitness are caused by many problems, which
generally stem from global trends in lifestyle. Solutions are hard to implement, but may be
successful if children are educated from a young age.
43
Question
Even though doctors advise old people to get more exercise, many old people do not get enough.
What are the reasons for this?
What are some possible solutions for this?
Answer
It seems that old people do not get as much exercise as they should, which causes them to suffer
from some physical and mental health issues. This essay will look into the reasons for this problem
and also explore some potential solutions.
Old people do not get much exercise largely because it is difficult, tiring, and even painful for them
to do so. In their youth, they might have enjoyed playing football or rugby, but as senior citizens, it is
much harder to engage in sports or other activities. As such, elderly people are restricted to light
exercise such as walking and other forms of gentle cardiovascular activity. However, this may be
boring for them as there is not the same sort of excitement as there is in regular sports. At the same
time, even walking could be exhausting and painful for some elderly people, encouraging them to
instead sit in their chair and stay sedentary.
The solution is to make exercise appealing to elderly people. This can be done by making it into a
social activity for them, just like they did in their youth. When care homes and senior centres
arrange group activities, it can provide valuable physical and mental stimulation for these elderly
people, which will make them much more inclined to participate. By bringing in some friendly people
to guide them, the elderly can get some much needed exercise and ideally they will be able to do it
under the supervision of trained professionals that can make sure no one gets hurt.
In conclusion, the problem of elderly people lacking exercise is partly due to the difficulty of doing
exercise at that age. Solving this problem requires careful planning to make exercise both fun and
safe for these people.
44
Question
When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless
to try and keep them alive.
Answer
Throughout human history, technological innovations have caused a loss of traditional skills and
ways of life. This may seem like a cultural decline, but in fact it is just part of the natural evolution of
humanity. It is therefore not worth the effort of keeping them alive when there is no longer any
need for them.
People often feel sad when a new technology supplants an old one and a previous way of life or
particular skill is lost. Nowadays, computers are replacing almost everything, and it is speculated
that self-driving vehicles will replace taxis and trucks on the road. These occupations will be lost, and
those drivers will need to find new jobs. It seems unfair but it is part of the natural process. In one
hundred years, people will not look back at the loss of these things, but instead will be grateful of
the advancements that were made.
It is easier to look at these things with the objectivity that comes through the passage of time.
Nowadays, no one laments the loss of archaic farming techniques that were incredibly labor-
intensive because they were ultimately replaced by a succession of much more efficient devices that
have allowed humans to produce vastly more food than ever before. It allowed people to leave the
fields and adopt new skills, which in turn has helped our species to advance and created all kinds of
modern wonders that have improved our lives.
In conclusion, it is reasonable to feel a sense of loss for old skills and technologies, as well as the
ways of life that these supported, but in the grand scheme of things, it is better that humans move
forward with further technological innovations.
45
Question
Too much money is wasted on repairing old buildings that should be used to knock them down and
build new ones.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Answer
In some countries, the government and other organisations spend a lot of money on the
maintenance of old buildings, but it has been suggested that simply demolishing them and building
new ones would be preferable. This essay will argue against that.
It is true that constructing new buildings would probably be cheaper than maintaining old ones and
it would also provide more jobs and housing. However, there are many drawbacks to consider. First
All over
Europe, it is legally difficult to tear down ancient buildings because they are protected as part of the
urban landscape. This helps a town or city to keep its character and identity in the modern era.
Whilst many aspects of a place may change, it is important that something stays the same in order
to preserve and respect the past.
In addition, engaging in continual construction projects is environmentally destructive. Around the

world, humans are using massive amounts of materials to build vast apartment buildings, malls, and
skyscrapers. To some extent, this is inevitable, but at the same time it is not always necessary to
build something new. Rather than sourcing huge amounts of new material and causing lots of
environmental damage, it is often preferable to simply maintain or upgrade an existing structure.
In conclusion, it may be tempting to demolish old buildings but at least two things should be kept in
process of
demolition and construction may be environmentally damaging.
46
Question
In some countries, more and more adults are continuing to live with their parents even after they
have completed education and found jobs.
Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Answer
These days it is quite common for people to live with their parents even after they have graduated
from university and found a job. There are various reasons for this situation, as well as some
consequences. Overall, it is impossible to say whether it is a good or a bad phenomenon, so this
essay will explore both the advantages and disadvantages.
On the plus side, people who live with their parents after university may save money which they can
then use later in life. This is preferable to paying rent and bills for several years after graduation.
Instead of this, young people can live with their parents and then buy a house when they are ready
to settle down. In addition, this situation can allow young people to stay closer to their families and
maintain traditions. In the modern world, lots of old values have changed or been lost, and this can
help continue closer family relationships.
There are also a great many negatives to this. Unfortunately, living at home restricts a young
person
important for young men and women to live together as young adults so that they can know each
other before marriage, and living with parents makes this impossible. More than just impacting
social development, living alone or with friends or a partner allows for many other responsibilities,
and living with parents also restricts this. For example, it is good for young people to learn about the
difficulties of paying bills and doing their own chores rather than relying upon their parents.
In conclusion, it is hard to say whether there are more advantages or disadvantages. It seems there
are different cultural perspectives to be taken into consideration. All that can really be concluded is
that there are certainly many big differences between living alone and living with your parents.
47
Question
The tourism industry has grown enormously over the last fifty years, and there are few places which
are unaffected by it. However, tourism rarely benefits the countries which tourists visit.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Answer
Tourism has been around for millennia, but in the late twentieth century it exploded in popularity.
Nowadays, millions of people take off on holiday during their summer and winter vacations, often to
foreign countries. It generally considered a positive phenomenon, bringing the people of the world
closer together and boosting the economies of developing countries. However, there are some
drawbacks.
The benefits of tourism are obvious. For a start, it is a boon to the economy of the destination
receiving the tourists. Generally speaking, when tourists visit a region, they spend money that can go
into the pockets of the local people, improving their livelihoods. Tourism also brings cultures
together by fostering interactions between people from opposite sides of the globe, and this in
terms brings educational opportunities.
However, international tourism comes with some major drawbacks. For one thing, there are always
unknown factors that may limit the amount of money tourists spend, like natural disasters or
terrorist attacks. This means that having a tourism-based economy offers an unreliable and unstable
necessarily benefit the country equally. For example, tourists visit North Korea but the money they
spend goes directly to corrupt government officials rather than the hard-working people who are
providing services to the tourists. Finally, tourism tends to cause environmental problems that may
negatively impact the lives of people (and wildlife) in the destination country.
In conclusion, tourism has many positive attributes and can certainly help bring people from
different cultures together; however, it also poses some problems, and for the places which receive
the tourists, there can be some disadvantages.
48
Question
There seems to an increasing trend towards assessing students through exams rather than
continuous assessment.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of exams as a form of assessment?
Answer
There is a lot debate over how to conduct student assessments in various educational facilities. The
traditional method is with examinations, but these days there is a lot of resistance to this, and many
teachers prefer less stressful and more representative modes of assessment. This essay will look at
the advantages and disadvantages of exams.
The advantages of exams are few and mainly focused on the institutions rather than the students.
Exams can be organized quite easily and conducted in a short period of time, as hundreds of
students can sit together in a room to do the test. These exams can then be marked conveniently,
sometimes even by a computer, without the hassle of many months of continual observation by
teachers.
However, traditional examinations are not the best means of assessing students in the majority of
which is itself an artificial construct, and requires enormous amounts of stress. The student needs to
st
unlikely to give a true representation of their expertise. Factors like anxiety can reduce their
performance, as well as bad luck, sickness, and so on. It is f
over a longer period of time, in various ways, to get a more representative idea of their actual ability
in that subject. This form of continuous assessment could give a far more reliable impression of what
the student actually knows, rather than relying upon one single exam.
In conclusion, traditional examinations are not the best way of assessing students, and they should
be replaced by continuous assessment as this is more effective and reliable.
49
Question
Human activity has had a negative impact on plants and animals around the world. Some people
think that this cannot be changed, while others believe actions can be taken to bring about a change.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Answer
With the massive population growth that occurred during the twentieth century, humans began to
devastate the planet like never before. Now, in the twenty-first century, it is abundantly clear that
we have brought our world to the brink, and some say that there may be no going back. This essay
will look at that viewpoint, as well as the alternative, which argues that we may be able to make
positive changes.
It should be clear to any intelligent person that the world is in a state of crisis. Plants and animals are
going extinct every single day, and whole ecosystems are collapsing. The forests that give our planet
the air it needs are being chopped down and the seas are dying, too. It is simply too late to fix many
of these problems, and the ones that could still be fixed are unlikely to be given the attention they
deserve. Around the world, people are fixated upon their own existence, and they continue to use
too much power, too many plastic bags, and give no real thought to the rest of the world. Our
politicians care about the short-term future that will get them re-elected, and companies only care
about their profits. There is no reason to be positive for the future of our planet.
There are, however, theoretical changes that could be made. If people acted now in unison to
change the world, success could be seen. This would require banning fossil fuels, giving up cattle
farming, limiting population growth, doing away with plastics, and countless other changes that
ents would need to work together, but unfortunately
that seems unlikely to happen.
In conclusion, the earth is in mortal danger and while there are things that could be done to save it,
humans probably will not take the necessary actions.
50
Question
Some .
What are the reasons for this behaviour?
What action can be taken to prevent people having this problem?
Answer
A rising tide of consumerism has swept much of the world in the past century, and as it is easy to get
a loan or a credit card, people are finding themselves quickly sliding into debt. There are many
reasons for this problem, and some potential solutions to it.
The main reason for the current abundance of debt is that people are living in a very materialistic
world, where they are constantly exposed to advertising and even gloating on social media. They
feel that they need to buy things because other people have them or because society demands it.
From iPhones to fancy cars, there is huge social pressure for people to buy expensive goods. Even
with high interest rates. It is very easy for people to borrow this money, and they soon find that their
debt piles up.
There is no easy solution to the debt problem, but some important steps need to be taken in order
to reduce the severity of the situation. Firstly, as always, education is important. High school
students should be educated in school about financial matters, and encouraged not to take out
credit cards or loans unless necessary. Governments should also set rules about interest rates and
loan advertisements in order to make payments more reasonable. There should also be limits on
how easily they can give loans to people, so that people cannot borrow more than they could ever
pay back.
In conclusion, debt is a huge problem in society partly because it is so easy to get into debt. Schools
and governments can take some steps to help solve this problem.
51
Question
Nowadays technology is increasingly being used to monitor what people are saying and doing (for
example, through cell phone tracking and security cameras). In many cases, the people being
monitored are unaware that this is happening.
Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Answer
In the twenty- itored by
others without their knowledge or consent. Opinion is strongly divided over this topic, with some
people being adamantly opposed to such invasion of personal privacy, and others believing that it is
necessary for our security. This essay will argue that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages,
and as such this trend is dangerous for our future.
To begin with, as we move into an increasingly digital world, our personal data is mostly stored
online. From dating profiles to photos to bank details, so much of what is important is now stored on
computers. Much of this is available to governments and businesses without our knowledge, and it is
even common for social media companies to sell our data to third parties in order to make profits.
This leads to large organizations knowing more about our lives than we ever wanted them to. Our
data should be our personal property, and we should have more say over how it is handled.
In addition, with the ever-present threat of global terrorism, government agencies are constantly
monitoring people around the world. They do this by watching us on security cameras and also
eavesdropping on our phone and email communication. This is ostensibly a positive thing as it
should keep us safer, but in fact it is causing people to lose their privacy. If this is part of the fight
against terrorism, then the terrorists have won because we are losing our personal freedoms each
day.
In conclusion, although there are doubtless benefits to our lives being monitored by others, the
disadvantages are greater because individuals are losing their rights and freedoms in various ways.
52
Question
In many countries, people can eat a wide variety of food today. As a result, they eat food from other
regions instead of local food.
Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Answer
Nowadays, it is common for many people to eat a wide array of foods, including dishes from
countries on the other side of the world. It seems obvious that the advantages of this greatly
outweigh the disadvantages.
An open mind is a positive thing, and being open-minded involves being willing to try different types
of food. In many countries, like the UK, people will happily eat foods from Mexico, Turkey, China, or
Thailand. This helps people to become open to other ideas and cultures by slowly helping them grow
accustomed to change and difference. When you go to other parts of the world, such as traditional
places in Asia, people are extremely close-minded and this is reflected in their diets, which are
comprised mostly of local foods.
Beyond just the psychological benefits of eating exotic foods, there are also numerous physical
benefits. In the UK, traditionally the food people ate was quite plain and there was little variety. This
is because the climate is cold and the land is hard. However, over the centuries, the UK adopted
food from places like India, and imported copious amounts of fruit from Latin America and
elsewhere. These new foods allowed a wide range of nutrients to enter the British diet, and helped
boost the health of the population. This is also true of other places where the local food lacked
diversity.
In conclusion, there are various advantages that make a varied diet vastly superior to a plain one.
These include both psychological and physical benefits.
53

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50 Sample Answers for IELTS Writing [Academic] from TED-IELTS.

1) Analyse the question

The essays in this section largely follow a similar pattern:

Paragraph Purpose/ Content

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?

worries that come with such a financial burden.

How far do you agree?

What do you think are the causes of this?

What solutions can you suggest?

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

How does this impact people?

Is this a positive or negative development?

Is this a positive or a negative development?

Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.

What problems does this cause?

What are the possible solutions?

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

and disappointing cultural output.

Why is it difficult to define?

What factors are important in achieving happiness?

to achieve it. This essay will explore these issues.

In conclusion, happiness is notoriously difficult to define because it is a fleeting sensation that is

Which do you consider to be the major influence?

What are these problems and how could they be reduced?

Why do you think this is happening?

Is this a positive or negative development?

and a social life.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

way that is socially acceptable and also mentally healthy.

Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

What are the reasons for this?

What are some possible solutions for this?

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In addition, engaging in continual construction projects is environmentally destructive. Around the

Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of exams as a form of assessment?

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

What are the reasons for this behaviour?

What action can be taken to prevent people having this problem?

Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

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