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    Lab 4 306 06-P Santos-J

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    messisteve513
    This document describes a geology lab assignment involving the analysis of a geological cross-section and structures using a 3D visualization website. The summary is: 1) The student is asked to analyze a geological cross-section, determining the relative ages of units and listing events leading to the formations. 2) Exercises using an online geology visualization tool involve adding layers, faults, folds, and measuring orientations. Screenshots are captured. 3) Questions test the student's interpretation of the orientations of a dike, type of fold, and type of fault based on the screenshots.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lab 4 306 06-P Santos-J

    Uploaded by

    messisteve513
    25 views10 pages
    This document describes a geology lab assignment involving the analysis of a geological cross-section and structures using a 3D visualization website. The summary is: 1) The student is asked to analyze a geological cross-section, determining the relative ages of units and listing events leading to the formations. 2) Exercises using an online geology visualization tool involve adding layers, faults, folds, and measuring orientations. Screenshots are captured. 3) Questions test the student's interpretation of the orientations of a dike, type of fold, and type of fault based on the screenshots.

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    Lab_4_306_06-P_Santos-J

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    This document describes a geology lab assignment involving the analysis of a geological cross-section and structures using a 3D visualization website. The summary is: 1) The student is asked to analyze a geological cross-section, determining the relative ages of units and listing events leading to the formations. 2) Exercises using an online geology visualization tool involve adding layers, faults, folds, and measuring orientations. Screenshots are captured. 3) Questions test the student's interpretation of the orientations of a dike, type of fold, and type of fault based on the screenshots.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views10 pages

    Lab 4 306 06-P Santos-J

    Uploaded by

    messisteve513
    This document describes a geology lab assignment involving the analysis of a geological cross-section and structures using a 3D visualization website. The summary is: 1) The student is asked to analyze a geological cross-section, determining the relative ages of units and listing events leading to the formations. 2) Exercises using an online geology visualization tool involve adding layers, faults, folds, and measuring orientations. Screenshots are captured. 3) Questions test the student's interpretation of the orientations of a dike, type of fold, and type of fault based on the screenshots.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    Name: Student ID:

    APSC 151 LAB 4 2021 HISTORICAL GEOLOGY AND STRUCTURES

    INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 20 marks


    PART A
    You have been provided with a geological cross section. Examine it and consider the rock types
    and ages of the units in the cross-section. Using the diagram, you will be asked to determine the
    relative age of the units from oldest to youngest. Additionally, in chronological order, you will be
    asked to list the events that had to occur for the units in the cross section to form. Give details
    about the formation of the units and the events that have occurred. Consider the deposition of
    sedimentary rocks, erosion events, metamorphism, folding, faulting, unconformities and
    intrusions.

    On the cross-section diagram:


    • Units F, D and M are igneous and the rest are sedimentary
    • Unit A contains an Ordovician-Silurian bryozoan, a Cambrian-Ordovician brachiopod and
    a Late Devonian coral.
    • Unit F is a diorite batholith with a radiometric age of 1.24 Ga
    • Units B and C contain Late Cambrian trilobite fossils
    • Unit D is a granite intrusion with a radiometric age of 170 Ma
    • Unit M is a basalt dike with a radiometric age of 50 Ma
    • Unit H is a shale containing Quaternary mammoth tusks
    • Unit G contains a middle Devonian fish fossil
    • Unit Q contains a Permian fossil fern
    • Unit L contains a Cretaceous ammonite
    Name: Student ID:

    1) List the units and surfaces in order of age, starting with the oldest.

    OLDEST __________F______________
    ___________N_____________
    ___________B_____________
    _____________C___________
    ___________A_____________
    _____________J___________
    _____________G___________
    ______________R__________
    ____________K____________
    ____________Q____________
    ____________I____________
    _____________D___________
    ______________E__________
    _______________L_________
    ______________M__________
    ________________O________
    _________________H_______
    YOUNGEST __________________S______

    2) What is the age of Unit A?

    ________________488.3-359.2 MYA__________________

    3) What is the term for the surfaces N, E, and K?

    _______________Unconformity___________________

    4) What type of fault is R?

    _________Normal Fault_________________________
    Name: Student ID:

    PART B:

    Go to the website: http://app.visiblegeology.com/.


    This site allows you to add beds, intrusions, folding, faulting, etc., to a three-dimensional block
    and manipulate it in space to better understand the orientation of structures.
    Go through the six exercises below, and answer all questions as directed.

    From the home page, click on ‘Visualize’ to get started.


    Click on "Fullscreen" for best results while working on the models.

    In the CREATE GEOLOGY tab:


    a. Select the ‘Geologic Beds’ option. Add six beds by clicking the "NEW" icon 6 times to
    fill the block. It doesn’t matter what the beds are.
    b. Exit this menu and select the ‘Tilting’ option. Tilt the beds to a dip of 20 (leave the
    strike at 000). You need to click "Add New Tilting Event".
    c. Exit this menu and scroll down to the ‘Dikes’ menu, and add a dike with a Strike/Dip
    of 115/50. You need to click "Add New Dyke".
    d. Exit this menu and in the ‘Fault’ menu add a fault at 000/70. You need to click "Add
    New Fault".
    e. Exit this menu and use the mouse to explore in 3D your geological creation
    Under the ‘Explore’ tab, select the ‘Strike Decal’ menu. The view rotates so that you are looking
    down at the "Map View" (the ground surface). Using the cross hairs and a mouse click add
    three strike and dip markers at the contacts between the tilted beds, for the dike, and for the
    fault. Exit this menu. Using the "3D" and the "2D" icons on the top left bar of the window
    switch back and forth between these view (2D = Map View) and understand how the decal tells
    you the orientation of the plane for each case. Take a screenshot of the block with the three
    strike and dip decals for the different planes and take a second screenshot of the block from an
    oblique angle to show the layers, fault, and dike. Insert these into a WORD file for your
    submission (be sure to label the figures). Label the fault as either "normal", "strike-slip" or
    "reverse" as appropriate.

    PART C:
    The BACK button on your browser should take you back to the beginning and reset the model.
    Click on VISUALIZE again to being a new model.
    a. Fill the block with six beds again.
    b. In the ‘Folds’ menu, add a folding event at 000N/90 ("rake" = 0).
    Select "Add new folding event".
    c. Exit this menu and use the mouse to explore in 3D your geological creation
    Add strike and dip decals on either side of each unit in the 2D view. Understand how the decals
    switch directions as the fold switches from being an anticline to a syncline. Capture the same
    views as before. On the 2D Map View, Add the labels "Youngest" and "Oldest" to the
    appropriate rock units by overlaying a TEXT BOX on your image in the WORD FILE.
    Name: Student ID:

    PART D:
    Go back to the start, with a blank block.
    Add 6 beds, and then add a fold with an axial plane of 000N/90 and a rake of 0.
    Then in the ‘Tilt’ menu, tilt the fold with a strike of 270 and a dip of 40 degrees.
    Tilting the fold produces a plunging fold.
    Examine how the fold appears on the top surface.
    Figure out where the synclines and anticlines are (again, assume the top layer is the youngest).
    Label one of each in your submission image.

    Using EXPLORE, for one of the layers that us fully visible in this view, add Strike Decals to one of
    the layers at each of the straighter "limb" areas and at each of the curved "hinge" areas.
    Understand the relationship of these beds as you move around the fold as it intersects the
    ground surface. Include the 3D view and this 2D map view with labels/decals in your
    submission.

    INSERT SCREENSHOTS HERE:

    PART B:
    Name: Student ID:

    PART C:
    Name: Student ID:
    Name: Student ID:

    PART D:
    Name: Student ID:
    Name: Student ID:

    Study the captured images of the blocks, and answer the corresponding questions.
    Use single short answers in your submission to answer Part E.1-3

    PART E.1:

    Provide an estimate of the strike and dip of the black dike shown in the figure below.

    _________Strike dip 70/45_________________

    PART E.2:
    What kind of fold is this (arrow)?
    Name: Student ID:

    ____________Syncline_______________

    PART E.3:
    What kind of fault it this?

    _________Reverse fault__________________

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