Different Approaches To Literary Criticism

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DIFFERENT

APPROACHES TO
LITERARY
CRITICISM
DEFINITION AND USE:
Literary criticism is the name given to
works written by ecxperts who
critque-analyze- an authors work.
It does not mean “to criticize” as in
to complain or disapprove.
Literary criticism is often referred to
as a “secondary source”.
LITERARY CRITICISM is the study,
discussion, evaluation, and
interrpretation of literature.
11 DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO
LITERARY CRITICISM
1. FORMALISTIC OR LITERARY APPROACH

FORMALIST CRITICISM VIEWS LITERATURE


AS A UNIQUE FORM OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE,
FOCUSING ON ITS ELEMENTS SUCH AS STYLE,
STRUCTURE, TONE, AND IMAGERY. THE
PRIMARY GOAL IS TO UNDERSTAND HOW
THESE ELEMENTS INTERACT WITH THE
TEXT'S CONTENT TO SHAPE ITS EFFECTS ON
READERS.
2. MORAL OR HUMANISTIC APPROACH
Literature is viewed to discuss
man and its nature. It presents
man as esentially rational,
endowed with intellect and free
will.
Historical critics aim to
comprehend a literary
work by examining its
3. HISTORICAL social, cultural, and
intellectual context,

APPROACH including the artist's


biography and milieu, to
comprehend its impact
on its original readers.
4. SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Literature is seen as a social expression,
often focusing on economics and
highlighting class conflicts, often
resulting in a "proleterian approach"
that overlooks the broader social
context.
Literature represents a
nation's culture and
tradition, encompassing the
whole complex of culture. 5. CULTURAL
Reciprocal function
between culture and
literature is explored,
APPROACH
providing a rich
understanding of people's
culture and literature.
6. PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Literature is considered an expression of
personality, inner drives, and neurosis,
encompassing the psychology of the
author, characters, and the psychology
of creation.
7. IMPRESSIONISTIC
APPROACH

Literature aims to understand "reaction-


response," a personal, relative, and
fruitful concept, without explanations,
focusing on the impact of the piece as a
whole.
8. GENDER APPROACH
This approach "examines how sexual identity
influences the creation and reception of literary
works."
Other goals of feminist critics include "analyzing how
sexual identity influences the reader of a text" and
"examine(/ing) how the images of men and women in
imaginative literature reflect or reject the social forces
that have historically kept the sexes from achieving
total equality."
9. MYTHOLOGICAL APPROACH
This approach emphasizes "the recurrent universal
patterns underlying most literary works."
One key concept in mythological criticism is the
archetype, "a symbol, character, situation, or image
that evokes a deep universal response," which entered
literary criticism from Swiss psychologist Carl Jung.
A myth-critical approach generally uncovers or
identifies manifestations of mythology in a literary
work--whether as the creation of an original myth
10. READER-RESPONSE CRITICISM
Reader-response criticism, then,
emphasizes how "religious, cultural, and
social values affect readings; it also
overlaps with gender criticism in
exploring how men and women read the
same text with different assumptions."
11. DECONSTRUCTIONIST CRITICISM
Deconstructionist critics reject the traditional assumption
that language accurately represents reality, focusing on
how language is used in a text. They emphasize the
impossibility of making expression coincide with signified
meaning, challenging authors' ownership and power, and
examining how interpretations of a work are regarded as
truth.
THANK
YOU

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