DELFIN, JC

CHILLER/AIR
TAAN, RYAN

CONDITIONING
ASSEMBLY
GROUP 14
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS AN AIR
CONDITIONG?
AIR CONDITIONING, OFTEN ABBREVIATED AS A/C
(US) OR AIR CON (UK),

IS THE PROCESS OF REMOVING HEAT FROM AN

ENCLOSED SPACE TO ACHIEVE A MORE
COMFORTABLE INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
WHAT IS AN AIR
CONDITIONG?
ALSO USED TO COOL AND DEHUMIDIFY ROOMS
THAT CONTAIN HEAT-PRODUCING ELECTRONIC
DEVICES, SUCH AS COMPUTER SERVERS, AND
POWER AMPLIFIERS.
What is a
chiller?
USED TO GENERATE CHILLED OR
COLD WATER WHICH IS PUMPED
AROUND A BUILDING TO
PROVIDE AIR CONDITIONING BY
COLLECTING UNWANTED HEAT.
CHILLER VS AIR CONDITIONER

THEY ARE BOTH COMMON TYPES OF HVAC SYSTEMS

USED TO REGULATE THE TEMPERATURE OF A SPACE.
CHILLER VS AIR CONDITIONER
CHILLERS USE A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM TO
REMOVE HEAT FROM WATER, WHICH IS THEN
CIRCULATED THROUGH A SPACE TO COOL IT.

AIR CONDITIONERS WORK BY CIRCULATING COOL

AIR THROUGH A SPACE.
WHY DO WE NEED TO
STUDY THIS?
AIR CONDITIONING OR HVAC PLAYS A MAJOR
ROLE IN THE WORLD.

KEEPS US COMFORTABLE

IT ALSO SAVES LIVES

BRIEF HISTORY
ANCIENT
EGYPT

-VAGUELY CREDITED AS BEING THE FIRST TO

USE EVAPORATIVE COOLING BY HANGING WET
CLOTH OR REEDS IN WINDOWS AND
DOORWAYS.
ANCIENT
ROME

WEALTHY CITIZENS LEARN TO ROUTE

AQUEDUCTS THROUGH THE WALLS OF THEIR
HOMES. THE CIRCULATING WATER HAS
EVAPORATIVE QUALITIES THAT COOL THE AIR.
 1748
WILLIAM CULLEN

CREATES THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL REFRIGERATION

BY EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.
1758 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND JOHN HADLEY
BEGAN EXPERIMENTING WAYS ON HOW TO
USE LIQUID REFRIGERANTS TO COOL
LIQUIDS AND AIR.

HE AND HADLEY EXPANDED ON THIS

FINDING BY USING ETHER AND A BELLOWS
TO COOL DOWN A MERCURY
THERMOMETER TO 25 DEGREES BELOW
FREEZING.
 JOHN GORRIE CREDITED AS THE
1840'S INVENTOR OF MECHANICAL
REFRIGERATION.

DISCOVERED THE COLD-AIR

PROCESS OF REFRIGERATION AS
THE RESULT OF EXPERIMENTS
TO LOWER THE TEMPERATURE
OF FEVER PATIENTS BY
COOLING HOSPITAL ROOMS.
 AFTER AN ASSASSIN SHOOTS
1881 PRESIDENT JAMES GARFIELD ON
JULY 2, NAVAL ENGINEERS BUILD
A BOXY MAKESHIFT COOLING
UNIT TO KEEP HIM COOL AND
COMFORTABLE.

THE DEVICE IS FILLED WITH

WATER-SOAKED CLOTH AND A
FAN BLOWS HOT AIR OVERHEAD
AND KEEPS COOL AIR CLOSER
TO THE GROUND
1902 WILLIS HAVILAND CARRIER IS BEST KNOWN
FOR INVENTING MODERN AIR
CONDITIONING.

HE FOUNDED CARRIER CORPORATION, A

COMPANY SPECIALIZING IN THE
MANUFACTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF
HEATING, VENTILATION, AND AIR
CONDITIONING (HVAC) SYSTEMS.
1902 HE DESIGNED AND PATENTED HIS
“APPARATUS FOR TREATING AIR”
THAT USED COOLING COILS TO
EITHER HUMIDIFY THE AIR BY
HEATING WATER OR DEHUMIDIFY BY
COOLING WATER.
WHEN WAS THE TERM “AIR
CONDITIONING FIRST USED”
STUART CRAMER WAS THE FIRST
PERSON TO COIN THE TERM “AIR
CONDITIONING”.
1914
THE FIRST RESIDENTIAL UNIT
WAS INSTALLED IN 1914 AND
NEEDED A ROOM OF ITS OWN:
IT WAS SEVEN FEET HIGH, SIX
FEET WIDE AND 20 FEET LONG.
1922
CARRIER’S COMPANY
INSTALLED THE FIRST WELL-
DESIGNED COOLING SYSTEM
FOR THEATERS IN LOS
ANGELES
1925
CARRIER INTRODUCED A
CENTRIFUGAL CHILLING
SYSTEM AT NEW YORK’S RIVOL
THEATER: A BREAKTHROUGH IN
HVAC INVENTIONS.
1925
CARRIER INTRODUCED A
CENTRIFUGAL CHILLING
SYSTEM AT NEW YORK’S RIVOL
THEATER: A BREAKTHROUGH IN
HVAC INVENTIONS.
1931
H.H. SCHULTZ AND J.Q.
SHERMAN INVENT AN
INDIVIDUAL ROOM AIR
CONDITIONER THAT SITS ON A
WINDOW LEDGE.
1931
GENERAL MOTORS
SYNTHESIZED CFC
(CHLOROFLUOROCARBON)
COOLANTS, THE WORLD’S
FIRST NON-FLAMMABLE
REFRIGERANTS.
 TRANE INTRODUCED THE
1931-1938 REFRIGERANT BASED-SYSTEMS
WE SEE IN THE MODERN DAY
CHILLERS.THIS ENCLOSED
SYSTEM PAVE WAY FOR THE
CREATION OF INDUSTRIAL
LIQUID CHILLERS CAPABLE OF
COOLING ENCLOSED SPACE IN
A BRIEF AMOUNT OF TIME.
1950S
RESIDENTIAL AIR
CONDITIONERS CATCH ON IN
SUBURBAN HOMES AC UNITS
BECAME MORE COMPACT AND
CHEAPER.
1970S WINDOW UNITS LOSE
COOL POINTS AS
CENTRAL AIR COMES
ALONG. CENTRAL AIR
CONDITIONING SYSTEMS
ARE POPULARIZED.
1994
FREON IS LINKED TO
OZONE DEPLETION AND
BANNED IN SEVERAL
COUNTRIES.
 21ST CENTURY
THE U.S. SET A GOAL TO "BEGIN PHASING OUT
PRODUCTION AND USE" OF HYDROFLUOROCARBONS
(HFCS) BY 2019.

RIGHT NOW, THE PROGRAM IS WORKING ON THE NEXT

BIG THING IN AIR CONDITIONING: NON-VAPOR
COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY, WHICH DOESN'T USE
HFCS THAT HARM THE ENVIRONMENT, USHERING IN A
NEW ERA OF COOLING.
 THE FIRST WAY TO
CATEGORIZE A CHILLER IS
BY DEFINING WHETHER IT
IS A VAPOR COMPRESSION
OR VAPOR ABSORPTION
TYPE CHILLER
VERSUS
2 TYPES OF VAPOR COMPRESSION
TYPE OF CHILLER
HOW DO THEY WORK?
 4 MAJOR
COMPONENTS
1) EVAPORATOR
-is where the chiller absorbs heat from the
surrounding environment or the application it's
cooling. It typically consists of a coil or a set of
tubes, and the refrigerant in the evaporator changes
from a low-pressure liquid to a low-pressure gas as
it absorbs heat. This cooled liquid or gas is then sent
back to the compressor to begin the cycle again.
2) COMPRESSOR
The compressor is a crucial component that
circulates the refrigerant in the chiller system. It
pressurizes and pumps the refrigerant gas, which
increases its temperature and pressure. There are
different types of compressors, including centrifugal,
reciprocating, screw, and scroll compressors, each
with its own advantages and applications.
3) CONDENSER
The condenser is responsible for releasing heat
absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator. It is
typically a coil or a set of tubes that are exposed to
ambient air or water. As the refrigerant releases heat
and changes from a high-pressure gas to a high-
pressure liquid in the condenser, it is ready to be
sent back to the evaporator to cool again.
4) EXPANSION VALVE
The expansion valve regulates the flow of refrigerant
from the high-pressure side (condenser) to the low-
pressure side (evaporator). This controlled
expansion causes the refrigerant to change from a
high-pressure liquid to a low-pressure liquid/gas
mixture before entering the evaporator.
EQUIPMENTS
USED
1. CUTTING:
Plasma Cutter - for cutting the
desired shape or size and
making holes on the steel
plate
Punch and press machine
2.Cleaning and Polishing:
Shot blasting machine - uses
steel beads under high
pressure to remove dirt and
rust
3.Molding:
Rolling Machine - pressure is
applied to the steel forming
the desired shape
Brake press machine-bending
the steel plate at an angle
4.Machine Assembly:
Automated seam welder
5.Inspection:
Deep water tank - for
inspection of leaks from the
vessel
Nitrogen sniffer - inspection
for leaks on the copper tubes.
 CHILLER
ASSEMBLY VIDEO
 PROBLEMS AND
SOLUTIOSN OF THE
INDUSTRY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
INVENT NEW AIR CONDITIONING DOESN'T USE
HFCS THAT HARM THE ENVIRONMENT,
USHERING IN A NEW ERA OF COOLING.
TRANSITIONING TO LOW-GWP REFRIGERANTS
OR ALTERNATIVES LIKE HYDROFLUOROOLEFINS
(HFOS) CAN REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT OF HVAC SYSTEMS.
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY
THE HVAC INDUSTRY CAN FOCUS ON
DEVELOPING AND PROMOTING ENERGY-
EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES, SUCH AS VARIABLE
REFRIGERANT FLOW SYSTEMS AND SMART
THERMOSTATS. INCENTIVES FOR CONSUMERS
AND BUSINESSES TO ADOPT ENERGY-EFFICIENT
HVAC SYSTEMS CAN HELP.
MAINTENANCE & REPAIR
HVAC SERVICE PROVIDERS CAN ESTABLISH
PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS TO
EDUCATE CUSTOMERS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF
REGULAR MAINTENANCE AND OFFER COST-
EFFECTIVE SERVICE PACKAGES.
FUTURE OF THE
INDUSTRY
SMART & GREEN HVAC
THE INDUSTRY IS LIKELY TO TRANSITION TO
MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY
REFRIGERANTS AND ADOPT GREENER
PRACTICES TO REDUCE ITS CARBON FOOTPRINT
RENEWABLE ENERGY
INTEGRATION & ENERGY
STORAGE
HVAC SYSTEMS CAN BE COMBINED WITH
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES LIKE SOLAR
PANELS AND GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS TO
FURTHER REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
IMPROVE AIR QUALITY
INCREASING EMPHASIS ON INDOOR AIR
QUALITY WILL DRIVE INNOVATION IN HVAC
SYSTEMS TO PROVIDE CLEANER, HEALTHIER AIR.
QUIZ
1-4

2
1-4

3
4
5). HE IS CREDITED AS THE
INVENTOR OF
MECHANICAL
REFIGERATION
6). HE IS BEST KNOWN FOR
INVENTING MODERN AIR
CONDITIONING.
7). HE IS THE FIRST TO
INVENT AN INDIVIDUAL
ROOM AIR CONDITIONER
THAT SITS ON A WINDOW
LEDGE.
8). USED TO GENERATE
CHILLED OR COLD WATER
WHICH IS PUMPED
AROUND A BUILDING TO
PROVIDE AIR
CONDITIONING
9-10
2 TYPES OF CHILLERS