GECLIF REVIEWER  To gain an inspiring source of

patriotism through the study of

LESSON 1
Rizal’s life, works, and writings.
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF RIZAL  To gain an inspiring source of
patriotism through the study of
Why Study Rizal?
Rizal’s life, works, and writings.
 First and foremost, because it is
WHY STUDY RIZAL: BECAUSE OF THE
mandated by law.
LESSONS CONTAINED WITHIN THE COURSE
 Secondly, because of the lessons
contained within the course itself.  Aside from those mentioned above,
there are other reasons for teaching
WHY STUDY RIZAL: BECAUSE IT IS MANDATED
the Rizal course in Philippine
BY LAW
schools:
The teaching of Jose Rizal’s life, works, and  To recognize the importance of
writings is mandated by Republic Act 1425, Rizal’s ideals and teachings in
otherwise known as the Rizal Law. relation to present conditions and
situations in the society.
SENATOR JOSE P. LAUREL
 To encourage the application of
 The person who sponsored the such ideals in current social and
Rizal law said that since Rizal was personal problems and issues.
the founder of Philippine
WHY STUDY RIZAL: BECAUSE OF THE
nationalism and has contributed
LESSONS CONTAINED WITHIN THE COURSE
much to the current standing of this
nation, it is only right that the youth  To develop an appreciation and
as well as all the people in the deeper understanding of all that
country know about and learn to Rizal fought and died for.
imbibe the great ideals for which he  To foster the development of the
died. Filipino youth in all aspects of
citizenship.
WHY STUDY RIZAL: BECAUSE IT IS MANDATED
BY LAW THE MAKING OF RIZAL LAW

 The Rizal Law, enacted in 1956, Culture is a way of life of people living in a
seeks to accomplish the following certain place. And the school was recognized as
goals: a powerful agent of cultural transmission.
 To rededicate the lives of youth to
the ideals of freedom and
nationalism, for which our heroes
lived and died
 To pay tribute to our national hero
for devoting his life and works in
shaping the Filipino character

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  With the intention of reminding the  This was issued by Chairman Angel C.
youths about our past and inculcating Alcala which provides that the Rizal
nationalism to them, Sen. Jose P. Laurel, Course will be given as a three-unit
the father of Rizal Law together with subject.
Claro M. Recto who authored the law or
CHED Order No. 59
RA 1425 filed Senate Bill No. 438 , yet it
received resistance from other senators  This reiterates and specifies CHED Order
like Sen. Decoroso Rosales, Sen. No. 6 which included Philippine History
Mariano Cuenco and Francisco Rodrigo. like Rizal as a legislated three- unit
 Sen. Decoroso Rosales, Sen. Mariano subject.
Cuenco and Francisco Rodrigo
negatively criticized the bill on the stand 
that requiring the teaching of Rizal
would be a violation of religious LESSON 2
freedom. THE BACKDROP ON RIZAL'S TIME
 But the lengthy deliberation of the bill
DIVINE RIGHT THEORY
ended with a compromise that the
word compulsory was removed to read,  A theory which holds that the state is of
inclusion in the curricula. divine creation and the ruler is ordained
 It also provides that while the teaching by God to govern the people.
of Rizal as a subject is required, the  Was the basis of absolute monarchy in
doctrine of the separation of the church Europe and in Asia
and the state must be upheld.
JOHN LOCKE
WHAT IS RIZAL LAW? SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY
 Rizal Law or RA 1425 mandates the  contends that while rulers have the
inclusion of all public and private obligation to look after the general
schools, colleges and universities, the welfare of the people, the latter have
course on the life, works and writings of the obligation to support their ruler.
Dr. Jose Rizal and requires the reading  However, when the government
of the unexpurgated version of Noli Me becomes oppressive and arbitrary, it is
Tangere and El Filibusterismo. the right of the people to overthrow a
PRESIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM ORDER NO. despotic ruler.
247  legitimizes revolution as a powerful
weapon against an oppressive and
 A decree issued by Pres. Fidel V. Ramos decadent government
which mandates the immediate and full
implementation of the Rizal Law with JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU
sanctions against schools for non-  People’s consent alone legitimizes a
compliance. government and the processes of
CHED MEMORANDUM decision-making must be participated
by all.
CHED Order No. 6

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  He prescribed eternal vigilance on the  Counter Reformation are efforts in the
part of the governed against their 16th and early 17th centuries to oppose
rulers. the Protestant Reformation and reform
the Catholic church. Early efforts grew
LOCKE AND ROUSSEAU
out of criticism of the worldliness and
 It is right to stage civil disobedience or corruption of the papacy and clergy
to take up arms when a government during the Renaissance.
breaks its covenant with the people.
 espoused the theory that God endowed
IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA SJ
man with natural rights, such as right to
life, liberty and property and by  venerated as Saint Ignatius of
entering into a social contract, man Loyola, was a Spanish Catholic
formed a civil society to protect his priest and theologian, who, with six
rights. companions, founded the religious
order of the Society of Jesus also
known as Jesuits.
 He was one of the most influential
figures in the Counter-Reformation.
DEMOCRACY
Known for its missionary,
 A government ruled by the people educational, and charitable works,
 Democracy is a system of government in the Jesuit order was a leading force
which state power is vested in the in the modernizing of the Roman
people, or the general population of a Catholic Church.
state.
EDUCATION DURING SPANISH COLONIZATION
 Demos means “people” and kratos
means “to rule”  Controlled by the State and the Church
 During the early years of Spanish
FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET (VOLTAIRE): “Pen is
colonization, education was mostly
mightier than sword.”
religion oriented and controlled by the
Roman Catholic Church. Spanish friars
THE PHILIPPINES IN THE 16TH CENTURY and missionaries educated the natives
through religion with the aim of
REFORMATION
converting indigenous populations to
 in the 16th century was a religious the Catholic faith.
movement against abuses in the Roman  4G”s - for the glory of God, Spain,
Catholic Church, influenced by evangelization and general welfare.
economic and political factors. It  Education during the Spanish regime
sought to restore Christianity to its early was privileged only to Spanish students.
purity by subordinating ecclesiastical  In Spanish period, the Philippines
tradition to the test of scriptural underwent deep transformation and
authority. Spearheaded by Martin Spanish education played a major role
Luther King, a German monk. in that transformation. Formal
education system was established and

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 the focused of education during the
Spanish period was mainly religious
education. During this period, the
oldest universities, colleges and
vocational schools founded in Asia
were created by Catholic missionary
or religious orders.

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