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    Presentation On Full Blood Count by Group Eight

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    The document provides information about a presentation on a full blood count (FBC) test by a group of students. It includes an introduction to FBC testing, the purposes of the test, types of FBC analyzer machines, the principles of how analyzers work, the parameters measured in an FBC, and some conditions associated with abnormal blood cell levels.

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    Presentation On Full Blood Count by Group Eight

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    The document provides information about a presentation on a full blood count (FBC) test by a group of students. It includes an introduction to FBC testing, the purposes of the test, types of FBC analyzer machines, the principles of how analyzers work, the parameters measured in an FBC, and some conditions associated with abnormal blood cell levels.

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    PRESENTATION ON FULL BLOOD COUNT BY GROUP EIGHT

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    The document provides information about a presentation on a full blood count (FBC) test by a group of students. It includes an introduction to FBC testing, the purposes of the test, types of FBC analyzer machines, the principles of how analyzers work, the parameters measured in an FBC, and some conditions associated with abnormal blood cell levels.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    14 views15 pages

    Presentation On Full Blood Count by Group Eight

    Uploaded by

    maxwell amponsah
    The document provides information about a presentation on a full blood count (FBC) test by a group of students. It includes an introduction to FBC testing, the purposes of the test, types of FBC analyzer machines, the principles of how analyzers work, the parameters measured in an FBC, and some conditions associated with abnormal blood cell levels.

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    of 15

    ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

    FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE


    MEDICAL LABORATORY DEPARTMENT
    PRESENTATION ON FULL BLOOD COUNT (FBC)
    BY GROUP EIGHT

    NAMES INDEX NUMBER


    AGLIMAH ISRAEL KOMLA 01210281B
    ZULEIHATU ALHASSAN 01210867B
    AYITEY SUZZY ADZO PERRY 01210453B
    ACQUAH JOYNA AMANIAMPONG 01222062B
    DOROTHY OPPONG 01221509B
    MAXWELL AMPONSAH 01210210B
    NII YEBOAH EDMUND 01221597B
    NARHNGUAH ELVIS NARTEH 01223013B
    FRANK GODSON TETTEH 01221513B
    OUTLINES

    i. Introduction/Definition

    ii. Purpose of FBC test

    iii. Types of FBC analyzer machine

    iv. The principles of FBC analyzer

    v. FBC parameters classification

    vi. Some conditions associated with blood cells


    INTRODUCTION

    • Full blood count (FBC) or complete blood count (CBC) is a


    hematological test used to evaluate the blood cells of a patient

    • Full blood count is performed on a whole blood which consist of


    55% of plasma, 41% of Red blood Cell (RBCs) and 4% of White Blood
    Cells (WBCs) and platelets

    • Blood is tested for quantity and quality of different cell types

    • Purple top test tube – Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (K2EDTA) is


    used for the collection

    • Venous blood is preferred for FBC test and there is no preparation


    necessary for test which can be done at any time of the day
    PURPOSE OF FBC TEST

    A full blood count (FBC) test looks for abnormalities in your blood, such
    as unusually high or low numbers of blood cells. This common blood
    test can help to diagnose a wide range of illnesses, infections and
    diseases.

    TYPES OF FBC ANALYZER

    1. Fully automated FBC analyzer

    2. Manual

    3. Semi-automated
    THE PRINCIPLES FBC ANALYZER
    Two principles are used namely

    • Impedance (coulter’s principle)

    • Flow cytometry

    +
    A. IMPEDANCE (COULTER’S PRINCIPLE)

    Whole blood is passed through the analyzer


    −
    between two electrodes through an aperture so
    narrow that only one cell can pass through at a
    time. The impedance changes as a cell passes
    through. The change in impedance is proportional
    to cell volume, resulting in a cell count and
    measure of volume
    B. FLOW CYTOMETRY

    Using hydrodynamic focusing, the cell


    is sent through an aperture one cell
    at a time. During this, a laser is
    directed at them, and the scattered
    light is measured at multiple angles.
    The absorbance is also recorded. The
    cell can be identified based on the
    intensity of the scattered light and the
    level of absorbance.
    Types of full automated 3 – PART FBC ANALYZER

    This analyzer works on only the principles of


    FBC machine
    impendence or coulter’s principle and is able to
    1. 3 – part and differentiate between 3 types of WBC’s, neutrophils,
    lymphocyte and monocytes. In 3 – part differential
    2. 5 – part FBC analyzer cell counter basophils and eosinophils cannot be
    differentiated and are grouped with population of
    either neutrophils or monocytes.

    5 - PART FBC ANALYZER

    This analyzer works on both impendence and flow


    cytometry principles and can differentiate all the
    WBC types (neutrophils, lymphocyte, basophils,
    eosinophils and monocytes.
    FBC PARAMETERS CLASSIFICATION

    FBC test can be classified into the following parameters:

    a. Red Blood Cell (RBCs) – Erythrocytes Parameters

    b. White Blood Cell (WBCs) – Leukocytes Parameters

    c. Platelets (PLT)– Thrombocytes Parameters

    A. RED BLOOD CELL (RBCS) – ERYTHROCYTES PARAMETERS

    RBCs Count - Total Red Blood Cells. Normal range for men 4.0 to 5.9 x 1012 /L
    and 3.8 to 5.2 x 1012 /L in female

    Hb - (Hemoglobin) amount of hemoglobin in the RBC. Normal range

    for men: 13.8 to 17.8g/dl and 12.1 to 15g/dL in female


    PCV/Hct - (Packed Cell Volume)/ Hematocrit; Percentage
    concentration of RBCs in the blood. Reference range
    for male is 42.0 – 52% and 37.0 – 47.0% in female

    MCV - (Mean Cell Volume); size of RBC and is expressed in


    femtoliter (fl). Normal range: 79-96 Fl

    MCH - (Mean Cell Hemoglobin); how much hemoglobin in


    each RBCs and is measured in picograms per cells
    (pg/cell). Normal range 27-31pg/cell

    MCHC - (Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration); average


    concentration of hemoglobin in the given packed red
    blood cells and is measure in g/dL. Normal range: 33
    – 37g/dL
    RDW - (Red Cell Distribution width); differences in volume and
    size of the red blood cells. And is measured in femtoliters
    (FL). Normal range: 39 – 46 FL

    NRBC - (Nucleated Red Blood Count); total red blood with


    nucleus and is measured in n RBCs/mm3.
    Normal range 0 – 10 n RBCs/100WBCs mm3

    RET/Retic Count (Reticulocytes Count); total number of immature


    red blood cell. Normal range: 0.5 to 2.5% for adults and 2
    to 6% in infants
    B. WHITE BLOOD CELLS PARAMETERS

    WBCs - (White Blood Count); total number of white blood cells. Normal range 4.0 – 10.0
    x 103ul

    Lym - (Lymphocytes count); total number of lymphocytes in the blood and


    primary source of viral defense and antibodies. Normal range 20-45%

    Neu - (Neutrophils count); total number of neutrophils in the blood and


    is the primary source of bacterial infection. Normal range 45 – 75%

    Eos - (Eosinophils count); total number of eosinophils in the body and

    helps in response to allergic and parasitic infection. Normal range: 2 – 6%

    Mon - (Monocytes count); total number of monocytes in the blood and indicates
    phagocytizes dead or damaged cells. Normal range 2 – 8%
    Bas - (Basophils count) total number of basidia in the blood and plays a role
    in parasitic infections, pathogens and allergies protection against the
    body. Normal range 0 – 1%

    IG - (Immature Granulocytes); this confirms the total number of white blood


    cell that are immature. Normal range 1.5 – 8.5 x 109/L

    C. PLATELETS (PLT) – THROMBOCYTES PARAMETERS

    PLT Count - (Platelets count); measures total number of platelets in your


    blood. Normal range: 150 to 400 x 109/L

    MPV - (Mean platelet volume); measure the average size of your


    platelets. Normal range 7.2 to 11.7FL.

    PDW - (Platelet distribution width); tells how similar the platelets are in
    size or measures variability in size of platelets. Normal range:
    8.3 to 56.6%
    PCT - (Plateletcrit count); volume occupied by platelets in the
    blood. Normal range 0.22 – 0.24%

    P – LCC- (Platelet Large Cell Count); in index representing the


    percentage of platelets large than 12 FL in the
    circulating pool

    P – LCR- (Platelet Large Cell Ratio); expresses the


    percentage of large platelets that have a volume superior
    to 12FL
    𝑃𝐿𝐶𝐶
    P-LCR=
    𝑃𝐿𝑇
    BLOOD CELLS INCREASE DECREASE
    Neutrophils Bacteria infection Chemotherapy
    Lymphocytes Syphilis HIV
    RBC Blood cancers Aneamia
    Platelet Inflammatory conditions Leukaemia
    Basophils Hyperthyroidism Autoimmune disease
    Eosinophils Asthma Cushing disease
    Monocytes Rheumatoid arthritis Aplastic anemia

    Reference:

    Monica Cheesbrough, Medical Laboratory Manual for Tropical countries


    Volume II, 2nd Edition, 1987

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