11.

LINEAR PROGRAMING PROBLEMS (LPP) BM

Linear Programming Problem: A linear programming problem is one in which we have to find optimal value
(maximum or minimum value) of a linear function (objective function) under a given set of constraints.
Objective Function: Linear function 𝑧 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 where a, b are constants, which has to be maximized or
minimized is called a Linear objective function.
Constraints: The linear inequalities or restrictions on the variables of a linear programming problems are
called constraints and the conditions 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0 are called non negative constraints.
Feasible region: The common region determined by all the constraints including non-negative constraints
𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0 a linear programming problem is called feasible region or solution region.
Optimal solution (Feasible solution): Any point in the feasible region that gives the optimal value
(maximum or minimum) of the objective function is called an optimal solution.

𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐬:
1. Saran being a manufacturer produces nuts and bolts for industrial machinery .It takes 1 hour of
work on machine A and 3 hours on machine B to produce a package of nuts while it takes 3 hours
on machine A and 1 hour on machine B to produce a package of bolts. He earns a profit of Rs 2.50
per package on nuts and Rs 1 per package on bolts. From a linear programming problem to
maximize his profit, if he operates each machine for at most 12 hours a day.
2. Archana, a dietician wishes to mix two types of foods F1 and F2 in such a way that the vitamin
contents of the mixture contains at least 6 units of vitamin A and 8 units of vitamin B. Food F1
contains 2 units/kg of vitamin A and 3 units/kg of vitamin B while food F2 contains 3 units/kg of
vitamin A and 4 units/kg of vitamin B. Food F1 cost Rs50 per kg and Food F2 cost Rs 75 per kg
Formulate the problem as LPP to minimize the cost of the mixture.
3. A furniture maker Jatin has 6 units of wood and 28 hours of free time in which he will make
decorative screens. Two models have sold well in the past, so he will restrict himself to those two.
He estimates that model 1 requires 2 units of wood and 7 hours of time. Model 2 requires 1 unit of
wood and 8 hours of time. The prices of models are Rs.120 and Rs.80 respectively. Formulate LPP
to determine how many screens of each model should the furniture maker assemble is the wishes
to maximise his sales revenue.
4. Producer Rahul has 50 and 85 units of labour and capital respectively which he can use to produce
two types of goods A and B. To produce one unit of A, 1 unit of labour and 2 units of capital are
required. Similarly 3 units of labour and 2 units of capital are required to produce 1 unit of B. If A
and B are priced at Rs.100 and Rs.150 per unit respectively, how should the producer use his
resources to maximise the total revenue. Formulate the LPP to maximise his total revenue.
5. Nikhil pesticide company must produce 200kg mixture consisting of chemicals A and B daily. A cost
Rs.3 per kg and B cost Rs.8 per kg. Maximum 80kg of chemical A and at least 60kg of chemical B
should be used.Formulate LPP model to minimise the cost.
Graphical solution of Linear Programming problem:
Solve the following linear programming problems using graphical method.
6. Maximise 𝑍 = 60𝑥 + 15𝑦 subject to
𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 50 , 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 90 , 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
7. Maximise 𝑍 = 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 subject to
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 ≤ 15 , 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 10 , 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0
8. Minimise 𝑍 = 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 subject to
𝑥 + 3𝑦 ≥ 3 , 𝑥+𝑦 ≥ 2, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0
9. Minimise 𝑍 = 𝑥 − 7𝑦 + 190 subject to
𝑥+𝑦 ≤8, 𝑥 ≤5, 𝑦≤5, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0

pg. 1 Christ Junior College Compiled by Anitha KV

10. A firm owned by Abhirami has to transport 1200 packages using large vans which can carry 200
packages each and small vans which can take 80 packages each. The cost for engaging each large
van is Rs 400 and each small van is Rs 200. Not more than Rs.3000 is to be spent on the job and the
number of large vans cannot exceed the number of small vans. Solve this L.P.P graphically to find
the minimum cost.
11. A co-operative society of farmers presided by Lalith has 50 hectare of land to grow two crops X and
Y. The profits from crop X and Y per hectare are estimated as Rs10,500 and Rs 9000 respectively. To
control weeds a liquid herbicide has to be used for the crops X and Y at the rate of 20 litres and
10litres per hectare. Further not more than 800 litres of herbicide should be used in order to
protect fish and wild life using a pond which collects drainage from this land. How much land should
be allocated to each crop so as to maximise the total profit of society? Also find the maximum
profit. Solve graphically.
12. There are two types of fertilizers F1 and F2, F1 consist of 10% nitrogen and 6% phosphoric acid and
F2 consist of 5% nitrogen and 10% phosphoric acid. After testing the soil conditions, a farmer
Vaidhya finds that he needs atleast 14kg of nitrogen and 14kg of phosphoric acid for crop. If F1
costs, Rs 6 perkg and F2 costs Rs 5 perkg , determine how much of each type of fertilizer should be
used so that nutrient requirements are met at a minimum cost. Solve graphically.
13. The company owned by Vishwa Narayana concentrates on two grades of paper A and B, produced
on a paper machine Because of raw material restrictions, not more than 400 tonnes of grade A and
300 tonnes of grade B can be produced in a week. There are 160 production hours in a week. It
requires 0.2 hour and 0.4 hour to produce one tone of products A and B respectively with
corresponding profit of Rs 20 and Rs 50 per tonne .Find the optimum product mix using the
graphical method.
14. A company owned by Navya manufactures two types of cloth, using three different colours of wool.
One yard length of type A cloth required 4oz (ounce) of red wool, 5oz of green wool, 3oz (ounce) of
yellow wool. One yard length of type B cloth requires 5 oz of red wool, 2oz of green wool and 8 oz
of yellow wool. The wool available for manufacturer is 1000 oz of red wool, 1000 oz of green wool
and 1200 oz of yellow wool. The manufacturers can make a profit of Rs 5 on one yard of type A
cloth and Rs 3 on one yard of type B cloth. Find the best combination of the quantities of type A and
type B cloth which gives him maximum profit by solving the LPP graphically.

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pg. 2 Christ Junior College Compiled by Anitha KV

pg. 3 Christ Junior College Compiled by Anitha KV