Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.

1. You should take the train instead of the bus.

-> If………………………………………… …………………………………………..
2. I’m sure that someone forgot to lock the door.
–> Someone must………………………………………. ……………………………………
3. They bought this house ten years ago.
–> They have………………………………………. …………………………………………..
4. The course finished with a big party.
–> At the end……………………………………….. …………………………………………
5. We invited a pop star onto the chat show, but he didn’t turn up.
–> The pop star………………………………………. ……………………………………
6. Although she said that she would come, I don’t think she ever will.
—> Despite……………………………………. …………………………………………..
7. The plane had hardly left the airport when the accident happened.
–> No sooner…………………………………….. …………………………………………..
8. You feel tired now because you didn’t sleep very well last night.
-> Had……………………………………….. …………………………………………..
9. When did you start the project?
—> How long………………………………………. ………………………………………
10. Their wedding will be held in a lovely church.
–> The church…………………………………….. …………………………………………..
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. My father used to play football when he was young.
My father doesn’t………………………………………………………………………………
2. Jane gave me a present on my last birthday.
I was……………………………………….. …………………………………………..………
3. “Let’s go swimming”.
She suggests…………………………………… …………………………………………..
4. “Would you like a cup of coffee?”
He………………………………………… …………………………………………..
5. We got lost in the jungle because we didn’t have a map.
If we had……………………………………….. …………………………………………..
6.1 last saw Bob when I was in Ho Chi Minh City.
I haven’t seen………………………………………. ………………………………………
7. It is a three-hour drive from Hanoi to Nam Dinh.
It takes……………………………………… …………………………………………..
8. It’s a pity you didn’t tell us about this.
I wish………………………………………. …………………………………………..
9. They think the owner of the house is abroad.
The owner……………………………………… …………………………………………..
10. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was very rough.
The sea was too……………………………………….. ………………………………………

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Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning (three and six words).
https://www.englishrevealed.co.uk/cae.php
1) This manual is too difficult for me. CONCERNED
As …………………………………….. , this manual is too difficult for me.
2) Susan couldn't get to the date because of the heavy rain. PREVENTED
The heavy rain…………………………………………. getting to the date.
3) Sally gets on well with her father-in-law. TERMS
Sally is ………………………………….her father-in-law.
4) I didn't realize what she would suffer in the first place. DID
Little ………………………………..would suffer in the first place.
5) The pupils are living temporarily in a hotel. BEING
For……………………………………… , the pupils are living in a hotel.
6) It looks as if he's forgotten about the meeting again. TO
He seems …………………………..about the meeting again.
1) The service at the hotel wasn't as good as I expected. COME
The service at the hotel ………………………………… my expectations.
2) She has taken it upon herself to take care of her mother. COMMITTED
She has…………………………………….. care of her mother.
3) Were Ann not so beautiful a girl, John wouldn't be marrying her. BEAUTY
But………………………………………….. , John wouldn't be marrying her.
4) I was surprised to find out that Martin hadn't married Jane. SURPRISE
It ………………………………………….. me that Martin hadn't married Jane.
5) The deaths of almost sixty people were caused by the tornado. RESULTED
The tornado………………………………………………. almost sixty people.
6) " I wish I'd had the chance to visit Dublin", Peter said. NOT
Peter regretted………………………………………. the chance to visit Dublin.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first, using the word given. Use between TWO
and FIVE words.
KWT009
1. My boyfriend really likes football and never misses a match. (CRAZY)
My boyfriend ____________________________ football and never misses a match.
2. The beach is close to the hotel so we can walk there. (FOOT)
The beach is close to the hotel so we can ____________________________.
3. I hope you find a solution to the problem. (SUCCEED)
I hope you _________________________________ a solution to the problem.
4. I enjoyed myself at your birthday party. (FUN)
I ____________________________ at your birthday party.
5. We will drive to Southampton this weekend. (CAR)
We will _________________________________________ this weekend.
6. After the play, they introduced us to the actors. (WE)
After the play, ____________________________ to the actors.
7. Nobody can do all that work in a single day. (CAPABLE)
Nobody __________________________________ all that work in a single day.
8. I played hockey all day when I was young. (USED)
I _______________________________ hockey all day when I was young.
9. I like to watch the planes leave the ground. (OFF)
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I like to watch the planes ____________________________.
10. I am not interested in what you are thinking. (CARE)
I _________________________________ what you are thinking.
11.Would you like to watch TV? (FEEL)
Do you ____________________________ TV?
12.Did they give you a map of the city? (PROVIDE)
Did they ____________________________ a map of the city?
13.Our English and German teachers are husband and wife. (MARRIED)
Our English teacher ____________________________ our German teacher.
14.Young children love watching animated films. (POPULAR)
Animated films ____________________________________ young children.
15.My sister doesn't like watching sports programmes on TV. (KEEN)
My sister ____________________________ watching sports programmes on TV.
16.Be careful when you leave the bus. (OFF)
Be careful when you ____________________________ the bus.
KWT008
1. Could you lend me your car until the weekend? (BORROW)
Could ________________________ your car until the weekend?
2. Some monkeys use sign language to talk to people. (COMMUNICATE)
Some monkeys _____________________________ people through sign language.
3. I found some old photos when I was tidying up my room. (ACROSS) I__________________________
some old photos when I was tidying up my room.
4. Jam and marmalade are not the same thing. (DIFFERENCE)
There _________________________________________ jam and marmalade.
5. We don't know anything about the problem. (INFORMATION)
We don't _______________________________ about the problem.
6. There are quite a few things I would like to do when I'm old. (NUMBER)
There are ______________________________ things I would like to do when I'm old.
7. There is only a little tea left in the pot. (MUCH)
There __________________________ tea left in the pot.
8. I think we should build a new shopping centre in the suburbs. (FAVOUR)
I am __________________________________ a new shopping centre in the suburbs.
9. John sent me a text message. (RECEIVED) I ______________________________________________
John.
10.Don't put those plastic bags in the trash bin! – Use them again. (AWAY)
Don't ____________________________________________! – Use them again.
11.Why don't you return the trousers to the shop you bought them from? (BACK)
Why don't you ______________________________________ to the shop you bought them from?
12.I don't agree with your opinion on the new sports park. (WRONG)
I think you ________________________________ the new sports park.
13.Our car stopped on the motorway, so we had to call for help. (DOWN)
Our car __________________________ on the motorway, so we had to call for help.
14.It wasn't necessary for me to buy tickets for the concert. (NEED)
I ________________________________________ tickets for the concert.

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15.My computer doesn't work so I can't email you. (WRONG)
There is _______________________________________ my computer, so I can't email you.
16.Have you ever participated in online computer games? (PART)
Have you ever ________________________________ online computer games?
KWT007
1. I read the instructions twice because I wanted to be certain that I understood them. (MAKE)
I ___________________________ that I understood the instructions, so I read them twice.
2. They waited at the bus stop and five minutes later their bus arrived. (BEEN)
They ___________________________ at the bus stop for five minutes when their bus arrived.
3. I'm not going home in the rain. (UNTIL)
I won't go home ___________________________ raining.
4. They must think of a better plan than that. (COME)
They'll have ______________________________ a better plan than that.
5. People think that church is over a century old. (THOUGHT)
That church ___________________________ over a century old.
6. Maybe you left your keys in the kitchen. (MIGHT)
You ___________________________ your keys in the kitchen.
7. Wearing a helmet is compulsory when you go roller skating. (HAVE)
You ___________________________ a helmet when you go roller skating.
8. The boy says he doesn't know anything about the missing money. (CLAIMS) The boy
_____________________________ anything about the missing money.
9. He called the police last night. (CALL)
He ___________________________ to the police last night.
10.The headmaster announced, "There will be a concert at the end of June." (PLACE)
The headmaster announced that a concert ___________________________ at the end of June.
11.Someone is cleaning up our garden next week. (CLEANED)
We __________________________________ up next week.
12.Answering this email is not necessary. (NEED)
You ______________________________ this email.
13.We must leave early tomorrow morning, because the weather will get bad later on. (OUT)
We need ___________________________ early tomorrow morning, because the weather will get bad later
on.
14.It is possible that Maria didn't get your message. (MAY)
Maria ___________________________ your message.
KWT006
1. Her brother sings better than she does. (AS)
She doesn't __________________________ her brother.
2. Jack is so arrogant I can't stand him. (SUCH)
I can't stand Jack because ________________________________ person.
3. After an hour we stopped practicing. (HAD)
We ______________________________ for an hour when we stopped.
4. Learning to play so well surely took him a long time! (MUST)
It _______________________________ him a long time to play so well.
5. When I was little I was often scared at night. (USED)

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I _______________________________ at night when I was little.
6. I'll call you the minute I arrive at the airport. (SOON)
I'll call you __________________________ I arrive at the airport.
7. A week from now, I'll be on a plane to New York. (FLYING)
This time next week, I __________________________ to New York.
8. People in this factory produce many different things. (ARE)
Many different things __________________________ at this factory.
9. Will they let us take photos at the concert? (ALLOWED)
Will ________________________________ photos at the concert?
10.Our fan club gave us a small amount of money (LITTLE)
We _______________________________ money from our fan club.
11.We had to stop because there was no petrol left in the car. (RAN)
We had to stop because we __________________________ petrol.
12. "Don't touch the fresh paint", he told me. (WARNED)
He _________________________________ the fresh paint.
13.We paid someone we knew to make these fancy chairs. (HAD)
We _______________________________ made by someone we knew.
14. John recently became the new football manager. (TAKEN)
Recently, John __________________________ the job of the new football manager.
15. The band are too good for this to be their first performance. (CAN'T)
This _______________________________ performance because they're too good.
KWT005
1. Mum will definitely be pleased to see your test mark. (DOUBT)
There’s ______________________________ be pleased to see your test mark.
2. I think you should go and see a doctor. (WERE)
If ______________________________________ go and see a doctor.
3. It’s the first time Jim has travelled by plane. (NEVER)
Jim ________________________________________ before.
4. It was unkind of him not to invite his girlfriend to the party. (SHOULD)
He ____________________________________ his girlfriend to the party.
5. Your school grades aren’t high enough for you to go to university. (LOW)
Your school grades __________________________________ for you to go to university.
6. If we don’t set out early, we won’t catch the first train to town (UNLESS).
We won’t catch the first train to town ___________________________________ early.
7. Mary is still redecorating the dining room. (FINISHED)
Mary _______________________________________ the dining room yet.
8. We’ve arranged to have a picnic next weekend. (ARE)
We _____________________________________ next weekend.
9. The teacher told the class to continue working while she was out. (CARRY)
The teacher told the class __________________________________ while she was out.
10.It wasn’t necessary for you to buy food. Our fridge is full. (HAVE)
You ____________________________________ food. Our fridge is full.
11.People think that Beethoven was a great composer. (BELIEVED)
Beethoven ___________________________________ a great composer.
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12.Janet forgot to take her lunch to the office with her. (WITHOUT)
Janet ____________________________________ her lunch.
13.He said that he hadn’t stolen the walled. (DENIED)
He _____________________________________ the wallet.
14.My hair was styled this morning. (HAD)
I ____________________________________ this morning.
15.Mum asked, “Have you tidied your room yet?” (IF)
Mum asked ____________________________________ room yet.
KWT004
1. If only I weren’t so poor. (WISH)
I ______________________________________ money.
2. I fell behind the other students in the class. (KEEP)
I couldn’t ______________________________________ the other students in the class.
3. I changed my attitude towards immigration after I had seen the TV documentary. (MADE) The TV
documentary ______________________________ my attitude towards immigration. 4. I hope he doesn’t
arrive too late for the show tomorrow. (TIME)
I hope he will be ______________________________________ for the show tomorrow.
5. They have never met before (SEEN).
They ______________________________________ before.
6. Did your parents let you stay out late at night? (ALLOWED)
______________________________________ to stay out late at night?
7. Carmen tried to control her temper. (EFFORT)
Carmen ______________________________________ to control her temper.
8. He was in a bad mood because he had slept so badly. (WOULD)
If he hadn’t slept so badly, he ______________________________________ in a better mood.
9. The house will be clean when you arrive. (CLEANED)
They ______________________________________ by the time you arrive.
10.She went to the cinema after doing the shopping. (ALREADY)
She ______________________________________ when she went to the cinema.
11.It would have been impossible for me to come earlier. (COULD)
I ______________________________________ earlier.
12.The manager did not accept my proposal. (REJECTED)
My proposal ______________________________________ the manager.
13.I can’t wait to come along with you next week. (FORWARD)
I’m ______________________________________ along with you next week.
14.If he doesn’t come tomorrow, I won’t see him again. (UNLESS)
I won’t see him again ______________________________________ tomorrow.
KWT003
1. Maria and I have similar interests. (COMMON)
I have a lot _______________________________ Maria.
2. She organised the event on her own (BY).
She organised the event all _______________________________.
3. I went for a run this morning in spite of the heavy rain. (HEAVILY)
I went for a run even though ____________________________________ this morning.

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4. He hasn’t recovered from his illness yet. (OVER)
He _______________________________ his illness yet.
5. John will get a better job soon. (PROMOTED)
John ____________________________________ soon.
6. Could you give me a lift? (WONDERING)
I ______________________________________ give me a lift.
7. Perhaps he can solve the problem. (MIGHT)
He _______________________________ solve the problem.
8. He said he wanted a job (LOOKING).
He said _______________________________ a job.
9. How long has he been a musician? (BECOME)
When _______________________________ a musician?
10.Did they have fun at the party? (ENJOY) _____________________________________________ at the
party?
11.You won’t be forced to buy anything. (MAKE)
Nobody _______________________________ anything.
12.Our trip to the skiing resort lasted five hours. (TOOK)
It _______________________________ to get to the skiing resort.
13.Could I borrow your motorcycle? (MIND)
Would _______________________________ me your motorcycle?
14.I can’t be a pilot because my eyesight is not good enough. (WERE)
If my eyesight _______________________________ a pilot.
15.Brexit will not affect our company. (EFFECT)
Brexit will not _______________________________ our company.
KWT002
1. My friend couldn’t decide where to go on holiday. (MIND)

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My friend couldn’t _______________________________ where to go on holiday.
2. Let’s all go to the cinema (SUGGESTED).
My sister _______________________________ to the cinema.
3. I took my car to the garage yesterday (REPAIRED).
I _______________________________ yesterday.
4. They forced us to go with them. (MADE)
We _______________________________ with them.
5. She definitely left the house before I did. (MUST)
She _______________________________ out before I did.
6. The restaurant bill was wrong. (MISTAKE)
7. The restaurant _______________________________ with our bill.
8. Take some summer clothes with you as the weather might improve. (CASE)
Take some summer clothes with you _____________________________________ better.
9. We are moving to America in one year from now. (WILL)
By this time next year _______________________________ abroad.
10.I live in a very dry area. (RAIN)
It _______________________________ much where I live.
11.We decided not to buy the house because it was too small. (BIGGER)
If the house ____________________________________ have bought it.
12.“Fill in the form, please.” (ASKED)
The hotel manager _______________________________ fill in the form.
13.I’d like to be able to speak Chinese. (WISH)
I _______________________________ Chinese. 14.My father succeeded in helping me with my
homework. (MANAGED)
My father _______________________________ with my homework.
15.What kind of job are you thinking of now? (MIND)
What kind of job _______________________________ now?
KWT001
1. I didn’t understand his explanations. (WAS)
I didn’t know what ______________________________ about.
2. Who thought of that solution? (CAME)
Who ______________________________ that solution?
3. He doesn’t usually fail his exams. (HARDLY)
He ______________________________ his exams.
4. She didn’t answer the phone during dinner. (WHILE)
She didn’t answer the phone _______________________________________ dinner.

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5. “You stole my wallet, didn’t you? (ACCUSED)
He __________________________________ his wallet.
6. The trip was too expensive for me. (ENOUGH)
I ___________________________________ to go on the trip.
7. I’ll lend you my laptop if you promise to take care of it. (LONG)
I’ll lend you my laptop ______________________________ you promise to take care of it. 8. I don’t know
why we went to the performance (WASTE).
Going to the performance was ______________________________ time.
9. I’d prefer to go to Madrid on holiday. (RATHER)
I ______________________________ to Madrid on holiday.
10.Could you lend me your car tomorrow? (MIND)
Would you _____________________________________ tomorrow?
11.You’ll be punished for what you did (AWAY).
You ______________________________ what you did.
12.He has donated a lot of money to charity. (DONATION)
He has ______________________________ to charity.
13.The children are allowed to watch TV until 9 o’clock (LET).
Their parents ______________________________ TV until 9 o’clock.
14.If the weather doesn’t improve, I’m not going out. (UNLESS)
I’m not going out ______________________________ better.
15.It was foolish of me to get up so early. (NEED)
I ______________________________ got up so early.

ANSWERS
Exercise 1
1. If I were you, I’d take the train instead of the bus.
2. Someone must have forgotten to lock the door.
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3. They have had/ owned this house for ten years.
4. At the end of the course, there was a big party.
5. The pop star that/ who/ whom we invited onto the chatshow didn’t turn up.
6. Despite her saying that she would come, I don’t think she ever will.
7. No sooner had the plane left the airport than the accident happened.
8. Had you slept well last night, you wouldn’t feel tired now.
9. How long is it since you started the project?
10. The church where their wedding will be held is lovely.
Exercise 2

1. My father doesn’t play football anymore.

2. I was given a present on my last birthday.
3. She suggests going swimming.
4. He invited me to a cup of tea.
5. If we had had a map, I wouldn’t get lost in the jungle
6. I haven’t seen Bob since I was in Ho Chi Minh City.
7. It takes three hours to drive from Hanoi to Nam Dinh.
8. I wish you had told us about it.
9. The owner of the house is thought to be abroad.
10. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming.

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In these exercises, you need to take the information in the first sentence and re-write it, using the word in
bold so that the second sentence has exactly the same meaning. You cannot change the word in bold in ANY
way. You can use a minimum of THREE and a maximum of SIX words for each space. Remember,
contractions such as I'm or shouldn't count as two words. https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/advanced-
key-word-transformations.php
1. None of the phones were left when we got to the shop. TIME
…………………………………………………the shop, all the phones had been sold.
2. I didn't know it was Carl until he took off his hat. WHEN
Only……………………………………………………his hat did I recognise Carl.
3. Don't waste your time asking Bryan to come with us.
worth
It's…………………………………………………………to come with us.
4. Perhaps John heard the story from Pippa. HAVE
Pippa might……………………………………………..story.
5. Until they fire me as manager here, I'll run the company my way. LONG
……………………………………………the boss, I'll run the company my way.
6. The school's management are investigating allegations of teacher brutality. INTO
Allegations of teacher brutality……………………………….the school's management.
7. It's not possible that you saw Mary last night, she was with us! HAVE
You……………………………….last night, she was with us!
8. The beach was fun even though it was too cold. FACT
………………………………………..too cold, the beach was fun.
1. Many delegates stole pens from the conference room. WERE
A lot of……………………………………………the conference room by delegates.
2. Immediately after Bess arrived home, the phone rang. SOONER
No…………………………………………………..home than the phone rang.
3. If his expensive divorce hadn't happened, Bill would still be a rich man. FOR
If it……………………………………………….divorce, Bill would still be a rich man.
4. "You won't get lost along the country lanes if you always have the map open." LONG
He told them they wouldn't get lost………………………………..had the map open.
5. My brother has great ideas all the time. COMES
My brother always………………………………………..ideas.
6. If that passing woman hadn't arrived, we would have been completely lost. FOR
Had it……………………………….., we would have got completely lost.

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7. If I lose this job, nobody will let me forget it. LIVE
I'll………………………………………..if I lose this job.
8. They'll have to cancel the show if the audience doesn't increase. MEAN
A continued low audience for the show………………………………………..cancellation.

1. A phone call was the first we heard about them withdrawing from the concert. PULLING
The first we heard about…………………………………..of the concert was a phone call.

2. We need to run or the train will leave before we get there. TIME
Unless we run, the train………………………………………………….we get there.

3. "You really must stay for dessert," Kate's brother said to him. STAYING
Kate's brother…………………………………….for dessert.

4. "A massage would do you a lot of good," Jake told Amy. FROM
"You………………………………………a massage," Jake told Amy.

5. Even if it's very far, they want to go to Paris for a weekend break. MAY
Far…………………………………………., they want to go to Paris for a weekend break.

6. The town's population surrendered as soon as the enemy arrived. THAN

No sooner had the enemy arrived……………………surrendered.

7. This building stands a very good chance of being closed as unsafe by the council. HIGHLY
It's ……………………………………….will be closed by council due to being unsafe.

8. Another student stole Carol's watch from the classroom. HAD

Carol……………………………by another student from the classroom.

1. I'm just about to give up this diet because it's not working at all.
point
I'm

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