RC PIER

STABILITY-1 of 19

REINFORCED CONCRETE COULMN PIER DESIGN FOR FIVE GIRDER

SUPERSTRUCTURE

NOTE:- DO NOT CHANGE VALUES IN BLACK

1) DESIGN DATA AND SPECIFICATION

1.1.MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Concrete :- Grade C-30 concrete ( section 9.3)
fc'= = 24 MPa ( fc' cylinder )
fc=0.4*fc' = 9.6 MPa
Ec=4800sqrt(fc') 23,515 MPa
Reinforcement steel:
Grade 420 steel: For rebars diam. 20mm and above
fy = 420 MPa
fs = 165 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa
Grade 300 steel: For rebars less than diam. 20
fy = 300 MPa
fs = 140 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa

Modular ratio Ec / Es = 8.51 Use n = 9

Live Loading: (1) Design Truck : AASHTO HS20 - 44 live load+ 25% increment
(2) Design Tandem
Bearing Capacity(s)= 3.5 kg/cm2
Allowable Bearing Capacity (1.5*s)= 5.25 kg/cm2

1.2. REFERENCES: -ERA BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL 2002

-AASHTO STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY BRIDGES,1998 EDITION.

1.3.DESIGN METHOD: LRFD

2) LOADING
2.1. Dead Loads
2.1.1. From Superstructure
CLN

exterior girder interior girder










  

LEFT GIRDER SUPSTR. RIGHT GIRDER SUPSTR.

12 mtr. span 12 mtr. span
Exterior Interior Exterior Interior
X-sectional
(kN/m) 27.86 20.94 27.86 20.94
Diaphrams-
middle(No.) 1 1 1 1
(kN) 4.86 4.86 4.86 4.86 Final level = 2410.76 m
ends(kN) 2.43 2.43 2.43 2.43 Found. level =2398.12 m
Support Wearing surf. = 0.10 m
Reaction(kN) 178.99 135.74 178.99 135.74 Girder depth = 0.95 m

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2.1.2. Selfweight
0.25
L F
0.5
W
A

C E

B J

A B C D E F
Enter 1.00 9.00 0.00 1.00 9.59 1.00
values for G H J L W
dimensions 1.1 0.00 3.00 9.35 1.00

Pier Cap w1(kN/m)=(A*L*F+2*0.25*0.50*F)*24/L= 24.64

Bracing w2(kN/m)=C*H*24= 0

Pier Column P(kN)=P/4*W2*E*24= 180.77

Summary of Dead Loads

178.99 135.74 135.74 135.74 178.99 (Left Supstr.)

178.99 135.74 135.74 135.74 178.99 (Right Supstr.)
c a a a a c
24.64

where

aLt.= 2.00 m c= 0.675 m

aRt.= 2.00 m c= 0.675 m

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2.2 Live Loads

a) Design Truck Load : HS 20-44 + 25% increment

P/4 P P P P
14ft 14 - 30ft 6ft
(4.267m) (4.267- 9.144m) (1.80m)

P = wheel load = 1.25(71.20KN)= 89 KN

LONGITUDINAL ARRANGEMENT TRANSVERSE ARRANGEMENT

b) Design Tandem
P P P P
1.20m 1.80m

P = wheel load = 1/2*110KN = 55 KN

LONGITUDINAL ARRANGEMENT TRANSVERSE ARRANGEMENT

2.2.1 Dynamic Load Allowance

Section 3.13, the vehicular dynamic load allowance IM
IM = 33% There fore IM 33%
The live loads shall be factored by 1+IM/100 = 1.33

A) Longitudinal Arrangement
case 1: Maximum Axial Load on pier

P/4 P P
4.267

x x= 0.46
Rp2 Rp1

Rp1= 1.659 P
Rp2= 0.174 P
Axial Load: Rp=Rp1+Rp2= 1.833 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 0.341 P

case 2: Maximum Bending Moment

P P P/4
4.267

Rp1

Rp1= 1.738 P
Axial Load: Rp=Rp1= 1.738 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 0.400 P
2.2.2 Transverse Load Distribution
In designing sidewalks, slabs and supporting members, a wheel load located on the sidewalk shall be 1 foot from the face of the rail.

Distribution Factor for Shear (Sec. 13.4: Table 13-7 & 13-8)
Exterior Girder:
Case-1: One Design lane loaded
The lever rule is applied assuming that the slab is simply supported over the longitudinal beams (Table 13-8)

0.15 0.20
0.40

 
0.90

0.30 1.83
0.25

0.25 d1 0.16 d2
0.20
0.20

0.50


bw

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P P TRWW= 10.3 m
1.83 SW= 1.5 m
a= 2.00 m
d1= 0.600 m
RA RB d2= 0.770 m
d1 a - d1 d2 c= 1.15 m
no.of girders= 5
The distribution coefficient to the exterior girder for shear bw= 0.38 m
REX1 (shear) = 1/a*P*(a+d1+d2) = 1.685 P

Case-2: Two or more design lanes loaded

The distribution of live load per lane for shear in exterior girder is determined according to the formulas given in Table 13-8.
REX2 (shear) = (0.60+de/3000) = 0.920 per lane de=c-bw/2= 0.96 m
This factor is for one lane load which is equivalent to two lines of wheels, and thus multiplied by 2
REX2 (shear) = (0.60+de/3000) = 1.840 P
There fore, REX (shear) in exterior girder is maximum of the above two values, REX1 or REX2
REX (shear) = 1.840 P
Interior Girder:
Case-1: One Design lane loaded
The distribution of live load per lane for shear in interior girder is determined according to the formulas given in Table 13-7.
RINT 1 (shear) = 0.36 + S/7600 0.623 = where 1100<=S<=4900
For two lines of wheels the distribution factor for shear in interior gir 6000<=L<=73000
RINT 1 (shear) =(2P)(0.36+ S/7600) = 1.246 P S= 2.00 m

Case-2: Two or more design lanes are loaded

The distribution of live load per lane for shear in interior girder
RINT 2 (shear) = 0.20+(S/3600)-(S/10700)2 = 0.721 where 1100<=S<=4900
For two lines of wheels 6000<=L<=73000
RINT 2 (shear) = 1.441 P Nb >= 4
S= 2m
There fore, RINT (shear), in interior girder is maximum of the above two values, RINT 1 or RINT 2
RINT (shear) = 1.441 P

Case-I: One Design lane loaded

P P

a
RA RB

RA= 1.685 P
RB= 1.246 P
a) For maximum Axial load case (from longitudinal arrangement case 1)

RA=RP*RA= 3.088 P = 274.81 kN

RB=RP*RB= 2.284 P = 203.26 kN

b) For maximum Moment case (from longitudinal arrangement case 2)

RA=RP*RA= 2.928 P = 260.63 kN

RB=RP*RB= 2.166 P = 192.78 kN

Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

RA= 1.840 P RB= 1.441 P R C= 1.441 P RD= 1.441 P RE = 1.840 P

a) For maximum Axial load case (from longitudinal arrangement case 1)

RA=RP*RA= 3.372 P = 300.09 kN
RB=RP*RB= 2.641 P = 235.05 kN
RC=RP*RC= 2.641 P = 235.05 kN
RD=RP*RD= 2.641 P = 235.05 kN
RE=RP*RE= 3.372 P = 300.09 kN
b) For maximum Moment case (from longitudinal arrangement case 2)
RA=RP*RA= 3.198 P = 284.61 kN
RB=RP*RB= 2.505 P = 222.93 kN
RC=RP*RC= 2.505 P = 222.93 kN
RD=RP*RD= 2.505 P = 222.93 kN
RE=RP*RE= 3.198 P = 284.61 kN

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b)Design Tandem

A) Longitudinal Arrangement
case 1: Maximum Axial Load on pier

P P
1.2

x x= 0.46
Rp2 Rp1

Rp1= 0.941 P
Rp2= 1.000 P
Axial Load: Rp=Rp1+Rp2= 1.941 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 0.014 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 1.212 kN
case 2: Maximum Bending Moment
P P
1.2

Rp1

Rp1= 1.904 P
Axial Load: Rp=Rp1= 1.904 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 0.438 P
Moment about CLN of pier: MCL= 38.97 kN
B) Transverse Arrangement (Distribution factors are same as Truck Load)

Case-I: One Design lane loaded

a) For maximum Axial load case (from longitudinal arrangement case 1)
RA=RP/2*RA= 89.93 kN
RB=RP/2*RB= 65.26 kN

b) For maximum Moment case (from longitudinal arrangement case 2)

RA=RP/2*RA= 88.23 kN
RB=RP/2*RB= 65.26 kN

Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

a) For maximum Axial load case (from longitudinal arrangement case 1)
RA=RP/2*RA= 98.20 kN
RB=RP/2*RB= 76.92 kN
RC=RP/2*RC= 76.92 kN
RD=RP/2*RD= 76.92 kN
RE=RP/2*RE= 98.20 kN

b) For maximum Moment case (from longitudinal arrangement case 2)

RA=RP/2*RA= 96.34 kN
RB=RP/2*RB= 75.46 kN
RC=RP/2*RD= 75.46 kN
RD=RP/2*RD= 75.46 kN
RE=RP/2*RE= 96.34 kN
2.3. Wind Loads
Wind Load on structure - WS
2.3.1. Wind Load on superstructure - W
a) Transverse Direction W=50lb/ft2 = 2.44 kN/m2

Area (m2) Arm (m) AiYi (m3)

Girder web & Curb = 21.84 2.68 58.53
Railing = 3.9 3.38 13.18
Posts = 1.32 2.96 3.90
27.06 75.61

FWT= 66.03 kN
Line of Action ÿ(about Pier Cap bottom) = 2.79 m

b) Longitudinal Direction W=12lb/ft2 = 0.586 kN/m2

FWL= 15.86 kN
ÿ= 2.79 m

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2.3.2. Wind Load on Live Load - WL

a) Transverse Direction: WL=100lb/ft= 1.49 kN/m

Length of exposed surface= 12.8 m
FWLT= 19.072 kN (6ft above the deck surface)
ÿ(about pier cap bottom) = 4.51 m

b) Longitudinal Direction: WL=40lb/ft = 0.596 kN/m

Length of exposed surface= 12.8 m
FWLL= 7.629 kN (6ft above the deck surface)
ÿ(about pier cap bottom) = 4.51 m

2.3.3. Wind Load on substructure

a) Transverse Direction: W=40lb/ft2= 1.955 kN/m2

per linear meter = 1.955 kN/m

b) Longitudinal Direction: W=40lb/ft

Pier cap = 1.955 kN/m
Bracing = 0 kN/m
Columns = 1.955 kN/m

2.3.4. Forces of Stream Current,WA v = 5.6 ft/sec2 , k=2/3

P = kv2 = 20.907 lb/ft2 = 1.02 kN/m2

per linear meter = 1.02 kN/m

2.3.5. Breaking/Longitudinal Force,BR

Taken 5% of the live load in all lanes

(lane load w=9.3kN/m plus the concentrated load P=81.72kN for moment)
LF= 20.26 kN (6ft above the deck surface)

ÿ(about pier cap bottom) = 4.51 m

2.3.6 Seismic Force Effects,EQ

Earthquake zones: EBCS Zone -1
Site Coefficient: Type I = 1
Acceleration coefficient(A): = 0.06
The horizontal seismic force is the product of the site coefficient, the acceleration coefficient and the permanent loads

Pier cap,
Bracing & Columns = 772.70 KN
Footing = 648.00 KN
Sum Wp 1420.70 KN

Horizontal earthquake force FH = site coeff.*A* Wp = 85.24 KN

This force is transferred to the substructure at joints
The proportion of this load at the two levels is as in the following:

At bracing level = 0.00 KN

At pier cap level = 85.24 KN

3) STABILITY ANALYSIS

Assume a combined footing with dimensions(m):

Width W = 3 Length L = 9 Depth D = 1

3.1. CHECK FOR STRENGTH I =DL+(LL+I)+BR+WA

Case-I: One Design lane loaded

i) Dead Load
Superstructure
Left = 765.18 kN
Right = 765.18 kN
1530.35
Substructure
Pier cap,
Bracing & Columns = 772.70 kN
Footing = 648 kN
1420.70
Total = 2951.05 kN

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ii) Live Load

P (kN) MTRANS.(kN/m) about CL MLONGT. (kN/m)
Case I: a) RA+RB= 478.08 aavg*RA = 549.62 MCL = 60.79
b) RA+RB= 453.41 " 521.27 " 71.15
Case II: a)RA+B+C+D+E= 1305.34 a*(RA-RE)= 0.00 2*MCL = 121.57
b)RA+B+C+D+E= 1238.00 " 0.00 " 142.30

ii) Breaking/Longitudinal Force, BR

FLF= 20.26 kN MLF= 305.96 kNm/m

iii)Stream current Force,WA

FTF= 1.83 kN MTF= 1.64 kNm/m

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kN/m

MDRIV.= MLL+MBR+MWA= 828.87 kN/m
S.F.= 5.34 > 2.0 OK!
B) Stability against BEARING PRESSURE:
Case I: Case II:
case (a) case (b) case (a) case (b)
Ptot(kN)= 3429.13 3404.46 4256.40 4189.05
MT(kN/m)= 549.62 521.27 0.00 0.00
ML(kN/m)= 60.79 71.15 121.57 142.30
eT=MT/Ptot= 0.160 0.153 0.000 0.000
eL=ML/Ptot= 0.018 0.021 0.029 0.034
smax (kN/m ) =(Ptot/A)*
2

(1+6*eT/L+6*eL/W)= 145.08 144.23 166.65 165.69 < sall OK!

C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTWA= 1.83
FLDRIV=FLBR= 20.26
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 20.34
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2065.74
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 101.54 > 1.5 OK!

Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 3454.81 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MBR+MWA= 307.60 kNm/m
S.F.= 11.23 > 2.0 OK!

3.2. CHECK FOR STRENGTH III =DL+WS+WA

a) Dead Load DL
PDL= 2951.05 kN
MTDL= 0 kN/m
MLDL= 0.00 kN/m

c) Wind Load on Structures W

superstructure
FTW= 66.03 kN MTW= 883.72 kN/m
FLW= 15.86 kN MLW= 212.24 "

substructure
FTW= 37.50 kN MTW= 217.29 kN/m
FLW= 55.78 kN MLW= 420.01 "

Total
FTW= 103.52 kN MTW= 1101.01 kN/m
FLW= 71.63 kN MLW= 632.25 "

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d) Wind Load on Live Load WL

FTWL= 19.07 kN MTWL= 287.99 kN/m

FLWL= 7.63 kN MLWL= 115.19 "

e)Stream current Force,WA

FTF= 1.83 kN MTF= 1.64 kNm/m

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MLL+MWS+MWA= 633.89 kNm/m
S.F.= 6.98 > 2.0 OK!

B) Stability against BEARING PRESSURE:

Ptot=PDL= 2951.05
MT=MTDL+MTWS+MTWA= 1102.66
ML=MLDL+MLWS+MLWA= 632.25
eT=MT/Ptot= 0.374 OK!
eL=ML/Ptot= 0.214 OK!
smax= 183.36
sall OK!
C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTWS+FTWA= 105.35
FLDRIV=FLWS= 71.63
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 127.40
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2065.74
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 16.21 > 1.5 OK!

3.3. CHECK FOR STRENGTH V =DL+(LL+I)+BR+WS+WL+WA

Case-I: One Design lane loaded

a) Dead Load DL
PDL= 2951.05 kN
MTDL= 0 kN/m
MLDL= 0.00 kN/m

b) Live Load LL
PLLI MTLL MLLL
Case I: 478.08 549.62 60.79
453.41 521.27 71.15
Case II: 1305.34 0.00 121.57
1238.00 0.00 142.30

c) Wind Load on Structures WS

superstructure
FTW= 37.50 kN MTW= 883.72 kN/m
FLW= 15.86 kN MLW= 212.24 "

substructure
FTW= 37.50 kN MTW= 217.29 kN/m
FLW= 55.78 kN MLW= 420.01 "

Total
FTW= 103.52 kN MTW= 1101.01 kN/m
FLW= 71.63 kN MLW= 632.25 "

d) Wind Load on Live Load, WL

FTWL= 19.07 kN MTWL= 287.99 kN/m

FLWL= 7.63 kN MLWL= 115.19 "

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e)Breaking/Longitudinal Force,BR

FTF= 19.07 kN MTF= 287.99 kNm/m

f)Stream current Force,WA

FTF= 1.83 kN MTF= 1.64 kNm/m

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MLL+MWS+MWA= 1352.17 kNm/m
S.F.= 3.27 > 2.0 OK!

B) Stability against BEARING PRESSURE:

(b)case I: (b)case II:

Ptot=PDL+PLLI= 3404.46 4189.05
MT=MTDL+MTLL+MTBR+MTWL+MTWS+MTWA= 2199.90 1678.63
ML=MLDL+MLLL+MLBR+MLWL+MLWS+MLWA= 818.60 774.55
eT=MT/Ptot= 0.646 0.401 OK!
eL=ML/Ptot= 0.240 0.185 OK!
smax= 241.05 253.97
> sall OK!
C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTBR+FTWL+FTWS+FTWA= 143.50
FLDRIV=FLWS+FLWL= 79.26
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 163.93
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2400.39
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 14.64 > 1.5 OK!

Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MBR+MWA= 1352.17 kNm/m
S.F.= 3.27 > 2.0 OK!

C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTBR+FTWL+FTWS+FTWA= 143.50
FLDRIV=FLWS+FLWL= 79.26
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 163.93
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2979.48
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 18.17 > 1.5 OK!

3.4. CHECK FOR EXTREME EVENTI =DL+(LL+I)+WA+EQ

Case-I: One Design lane loaded

a) Dead Load DL
PDL= 2951.05 kN
MTDL= 0 kN/m
MLDL= 0.00 kN/m

b) Live Load LL
PLLI MTLL MLLL
Case I: 478.08 549.62 60.79
453.41 521.27 71.15
Case II: 1305.34 0.00 121.57
1238.00 0.00 142.30

c)Stream current Force,WA

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FTF= 1.83 kN MTF= 1.64 kNm/m

d)Seismic Force Effects,EQ

At bracing level = FTF= 0.00 kN MTF= 0.00 kNm/m

At pier cap level = FTF= 85.24 kN MTF= 817.47 kNm/m

At bracing level = FLF= 0.00 kN MLF= 0.00 kNm/m

At pier cap level = FLF= 85.24 kN MLF= 817.47 kNm/m

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MLL+MEQ+MWA= 1340.38 kNm/m
S.F.= 3.30 > 2.0 OK!

B) Stability against BEARING PRESSURE:

(b)case I: (b)case II:

Ptot=PDL+PLLI= 3404.46 4189.05
MT=MTDL+MTLL+MTEQ+MTWA= 1340.38 819.12
ML=MLDL+MLLL+MLEQ+MLWA= 888.62 959.78
eT=MT/Ptot= 0.394 0.196 OK!
eL=ML/Ptot= 0.261 0.229 OK!
smax= 247.32 239.52
> sall OK!
C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTEQ+FTWA= 87.07
FLDRIV=FLEQ+FLWA= 85.24
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 121.85
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2400.39
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 19.70 > 1.5 OK!

Case-II: Two or more design lanes are loaded

A) Stability against OVERTURNING:

MREST.= 4426.58 kNm/m

MDRIV.= MLL+MEQ+MWA= 819.12 kNm/m
S.F.= 5.40 > 2.0 OK!

C) Stability against SLIDING:

FTDRIV=FTEQ+FTWA= 87.07
FLDRIV=FLEQ+FLWA= 85.24
FDRIV=Ö(FTDRIV2+FLDRIV2)= 121.85
FRESIST=SVtan f=SV*0.7= 2979.48
S.F.=FREST./FDRIV.= 24.45 > 1.5 OK!

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SUMMARY OF LOADS
DL(Lt.Sup.) 178.99 135.74 135.74 135.74 178.99
DL(Rt.Sup.) 178.99 135.74 135.74 135.74 178.99
LL(HL-93) FLLRt FLLCt FLLCt FLLCt FLLLt FWLt= 19.07 FWLl= 7.63 FLF= 20.26
FWt= 66.03 FWl= 15.86
0.675 a a a= 2 a 4.51
24.00 2.79
FEQT= 85.24 MLONGT FEQL= 85.24

MTRANS
2.73 2.73

5.295
0
FEQT= 0.00 FEQL= 0.00
FWl= 1.96
0.00 (bracing)
1.96 (pier cap)
FWt= 1.96 FWt= 1.96 4.80
FWAt= 1.02 FWAt= 1.02

1.6 6.15 1.6

FRt(kN) FCt (kN) FLt (kN) MTRANS.(kN/m) MLONGT. (kN/m)

HL-93/ case I: a) 274.81 89.93 203.26 65.26 0.00 0.00 549.62 179.86 60.79 1.21
Design
Tandem b) 260.63 88.23 192.78 65.26 0.00 0.00 521.27 176.45 71.15 38.97
case II: a) 300.09 98.20 235.05 76.92 235.05 76.92 0.00 0.00 121.57 2.42
b) 284.61 96.34 222.93 75.46 222.93 75.46 0.00 0.00 142.30 77.95

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Pier section capacity analysis

Ultimate facored loads from load combinations(from STAAD)

Mux= 361.51
Muy= 119.38
Nominal moment strength of the section in the direction of the x- and y- axis(from STAAD)
Mnx= 8253.79
Mny= 1179.11
Ø= 0.65
Mux + Muy < 1.0
ØMnx ØMny

0.223 < 1.0 OK!

 CONTENTS

Þ STABILITY OF THE WHOLE STRUCTURE

Þ LOADING SUMMARY

Þ ANALYSIS RESULT

Þ BEAM & COLUMN SECTION DESIGN RESULT

Þ FOOTING DESIGN
RC PIER FOOTING DESIGN-14 of 19

RC FOOTING DESIGN FOR COLUMN PIER

Loading Case Summary

Right leg Center Leg Left Leg
Group Fy(kN) Mx(kNm) Mz(kNm) Fy(kN) Mx(kNm) Mz(kNm) Fy(kN) Mx(kNm)
Mz(kNm)
I 1620 67.55 97.65 1030 69.42 34.08 1550 67.55 -36.38
II 1690 67.55 96.59 1130 69.42 35.49 1640 67.55 -34.65
III 1030 344.71 13.4 660.74 355.76 -15.17 1000 344.7 -80.75
V 1710 111.61 53.72 1080 119.64 -17.32 1670 111.6 -99.62
E.EVE. I 1100 351.76 -73.18 668.84 361.51 -119.37 922.1 351.8 -156.99

Bearing Capacity = 3.5 kg/cm2 = 350 kN/m2

Allowable Bearing Capacity = 5.25 kg/cm2 = 525 kN/m2

Design Constants
Concrete :- Grade C-30 concrete ( section 9.3)
f'c= = 24.00 Mpa
f c= (0.4*f'c) = 9.60 "
Reinforcement steel:
Grade 420 steel: For rebars diam. 20mm and above Mpa
fy = 420 MPa "
fs = 165 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa
Grade 300 steel: For rebars less than diam. 20
fy = 300 MPa
fs = 140 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa kN/m2

FyR x R FyL
6.15
3.075
y

f(m)= 1.00 D=
x 1

B C
x
W=
z 3.0
A D

B= 9.00

Self Weight W (kN)= 648

Location of Resultant R & Eccentricity e

Group I II III V E.EVE. I

x(m)= 3.046 3.062 3.010 3.033 2.742
ex(m)= 0.029 0.013 0.065 0.042 0.333 < B/6 OK!
ez(m)= 0.049 0.046 0.388 0.077 0.396 < W/6 OK!
smax= 200.460 208.129 225.077 223.538 249.022 < sall OK!

Design Load = 249.02 kN/m2

e x= 0.013 m e z= 0.046 m åV=Fy1+Fy2+Fy3+W= 5108 kN

sA=åV/A(1-6*ex/B+6*ez/W)= 204.95 kN/m2

sB=åV/A(1-6*ex/B-6*ez/W)= 170.14 "
sC=åV/A(1+6*ex/B-6*ez/W)= 173.42 "
sD=åV/A(1+6*ex/B+6*ez/W)= 208.23 "

Depth Determination

1. Punching Shear (Art. 8.15.5.6.2)

v=V/bo*d bo=p(f+d)

design shear stress v < vcp=0.166Öf'c'

f'c= 24.00 Mpa

vcp= 0.81 N/mm2 813.23 kN/m2

Vact=Pcol-Psoil= 958.46 kN where Pcol= 1690 kN

trial d= 0.934 m

Vres=vcp*bo*d= 4614.95 Vres ³ Vact OK!

davil=D-F/2-CLR CR= 0.934 m davil ³ d OK!

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RC PIER FOOTING DESIGN-15 of 19

2. Wide Beam Shear

a. In the Short Direction

s1=åP/A(1 + 6*ez/W)= 149.99 kN/m2 d

s2=åP/A(1 - 6*ez/W)= 180.38 "

trial d= 0.934 m
s3= 150.66 s1 s3 s2

Vact= 89.29 kN
bc -ratio of long side to short side of concentrated load= 3.0

0.166(1+2/bc)= 0.277 < 0.332 take 0.277

vcb=0.166(1+2/bc)Öf'c£0.332Öf'c= 1.36 N/mm2 1355.38 kN/m2

Vres=vcb*B*d= 11393.361 kN Vres ³ Vact OK!

b. In the Long Direction

FyR= 1690 FyC= 1130 FyL= 1640

1.425 MzR= 96.59 MzC= 35.49 MzL= 34.65

q2 q3 q5
q4 q1

q1=s1*W=åP/A(1 + 6*ex/B)*W= 499.85 kN/m q 3= 492.62 kN/m

q2=s2*W=åP/A(1 - 6*ex/B)*W= 491.26 " q4= 498.49035
q5= 495.55556

 





 

 

 

  

SFD & BMD(max) Diagram ordinates(from STAAD)

a= 860 g= 600
b= 697 h= 144
c= 707 i= 338
d= 707 j= 149
e= 666 k= 538
f= 828

Vmax= 860.00 kN corresponding triangle leg = 1.79 (from STAAD)

Vact= 171.04 kN trial d = 0.934 m

Vres=vcb*W*d= 3797.79 kN Vres ³ Vact OK!

davil ³ d OK!

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RC PIER FOOTING DESIGN-16 of 19

3. Flexure

a. In the Short Direction

Bottom :-
Using F = 32 mm and
Clear cover = 50 mm

davil=D-F/2-CLR CR= 0.934 m

beff=coln width+2(1/2*d)= 1.93 m

Loading
FyR= 1690 MxR= 67.55 FyC= 1640 MxC= 69.42 FyL= 1640 MxL= 67.55

Right Center Left

ez(m)= 0.0400 0.0423 0.0412 1
smax=Fy/beff*W(1 + 6*ez/W)= 314.56 306.59 305.95
smin=Fy/beff*W(1 - 6*ez/W)= 267.99 10.95 259.38

qmax=smax*beff= 608.37 kN/m qmax q1= 578.34 qmin

qmin=smin*beff= 518.30 " 608.37 518.30

Mx-x= 299.18 kNm

The moment for design is therefore,

Mfact. = 299.18 kNm/m

The cracking moment given by :

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
Mcr =frIg/yt = 1543.18 KNm/m yt= 500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
The amount of reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance at least equal to the
lesser of :
- 1.2 times the cracking strength determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the
modulus of rupture, fr, of the concrete.

Besides the area of reinforcement shall not be less than the minimum shrinkage and temprature reinforcement.

Reinforcement
Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

Design moment, Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d - a/2 ) ) where Mu= 1851.81 KNm/m
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) Ø= 0.90
b= 3000 mm
Assume a = 36 mm fy= 420.00 N/mm2
As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d 5,302 mm2 fc'= 24.00 N/mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 36 mm D= 1000 mm
diam= 16 mm
cover = 50 mm
d= 942 mm

Required As = 5302 mm2/m

Spacing = 114 mm
Use F 16 mm @ 114 mm for width= beff
Provide As = 5,301.9 mm2/m

According to section 5.10.8, the area of reinforcement for walls and footings in each direction shall not be less than :
As = 0.0015Ag

Use As,min=0.0015*b*d= 4239 mm2/m S= 142.29 mm

Use F 16 mm @ 142 mm for the rest

rmax = 0.75*rb = 0.75*0.85*b1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy) b1= 0.85

= 0.0182 fc' = 24 N/mm2
rprovided = As/bd = 0.0019 << rmax fy = 420 N/mm2
OK !!

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RC PIER FOOTING DESIGN-17 of 19

b. In the Long Direction

Bottom :-

Mmax = 600.00 kNm/m

The cracking moment given by :

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
Mcr =frIg/yt = 1543.18 KNm/m yt= 500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
The amount of reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance at least equal to the
lesser of :
- 1.2 times the cracking strength determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the
modulus of rupture, fr, of the concrete.

Besides the area of reinforcement shall not be less than the minimum shrinkage and temprature reinforcement.

Reinforcement
Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

Design moment, Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d - a/2 ) ) where Mu= 1851.81 KNm/m
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) Ø= 0.90
b= 3000 mm
Assume a = 36 mm fy= 420.00 N/mm2
As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d 5,313 mm2 fc'= 24.00 N/mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 36 mm D= 1000 mm
diam= 20 mm
cover = 50 mm
d= 940 mm

Required As = 5313 mm2/m

Spacing = 177 mm
Use F 20 mm @ 177 mm for width= beff
Provide As = 5,313.4 mm2/m

According to section 5.10.8, the area of reinforcement for walls and footings in each direction shall not be less than :
As = 0.0015Ag

Use As,min=0.0015*b*d= 4230 mm2/m S= 222.81 mm

Use F 20 mm @ 222 mm

Use F 20 mm @ 177 mm
Provide As = 5,313.4 mm2/m

rmax = 0.75*rb = 0.75*0.85*b1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy) b1= 0.85

= 0.0182 fc' = 24 N/mm2
rprovided = As/bd = 0.0019 << rmax fy = 420 N/mm2
OK !!
Top :-

Mmax = 149.00 kNm/m

The cracking moment given by :

Ig =bh3/12 = 250000000000 mm4
Mcr =frIg/yt = 1543.18 KNm/m yt= 500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759 MPa
The amount of reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance at least equal to the
lesser of :
- 1.2 times the cracking strength determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the
modulus of rupture, fr, of the concrete.

Besides the area of reinforcement shall not be less than the minimum shrinkage and temprature reinforcement.

Reinforcement
Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

Design moment, Mu = 1851.81 KNm/m

As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d - a/2 ) ) where Mu= 1851.81 KNm/m
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) Ø= 0.90
b= 3000 mm
Assume a = 36 mm fy= 420.00 N/mm2
As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d 5,313 mm2 fc'= 24.00 N/mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 36 mm D= 1000 mm
diam= 20 mm
cover = 50 mm
d= 940 mm

Required As = 5313 mm2/m

Spacing = 177 mm
Use F 20 mm @ 177 mm for width= beff
Provide As = 1,771.1 mm2/m

According to section 5.10.8, the area of reinforcement for walls and footings in each direction shall not be less than :
As = 0.0015Ag

Use As,min=0.0015*b*d= 4230 mm2/m S= 222.81 mm

Use F 20 mm @ 222 mm

Use F 20 mm @ 177 mm
Provide As = 5,313.4 mm2/m
Checking maximum steel area
rmax = 0.75*rb = 0.75*0.85*b1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy) b1= 0.85
= 0.0182 fc' = 24 N/mm2
rprovided = As/bd = 0.0019 << rmax fy = 420 N/mm2
OK !!

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RC PIER PIER CAP DESIGN-18 of 19

1) DESIGN DATA
1.1.MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Concrete :- Grade C-30 concrete ( section 9.3)
fc'= = 24 MPa ( fc' cylinder )
fc=0.4*fc' = 9.6 MPa
Ec=4800sqrt(fc') 23,515 MPa
Reinforcement steel:
Grade 420 steel: For rebars diam. 20mm and above
fy = 420 MPa
fs = 165 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa
Grade 300 steel: For rebars less than diam. 20
fy = 300 MPa
fs = 140 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa

Modular rat Ec / Es = 8.51 Use n = 9

2) DESIGN FOR FLEXURE

Design Loads:
(from STAAD)
Mu(max-ve)= 772.94 kNm
Mu(max+ve)= 25.69 kNm

Pier Cap Section:

b= 1000 h
h= 1000

The cracking moment given by :

Ig =bh3/12 = 83,333,333,333.33 mm4
Mcr =frIg/yt = 514.39 KNm/m yt= 500 mm
fr = 0.63*sqrt(fc') = 3.0863570759068 MPa
The amount of reinforcement shall be adequate to develop a factored flexural resistance at least equal to the
lesser of :
- 1.2 times the cracking strength determined on the basis of elastic stress distribution and the
modulus of rupture, fr, of the concrete.

Besides the area of reinforcement shall not be less than the minimum shrinkage and temprature reinforcement.

Reinforcement
Mu = 772.94 KNm/m

Design moment, Mu = 772.94 KNm/m

As = Mu / ( Ø fy (d - a/2 ) ) where Mu= 772.94 KNm/m
a = As*fy / ( 0.85 * fc' b ) Ø= 0.90
b= 1000 mm
Assume a = 45 mm fy= 420.00 N/mm2
As = Mu / ( Ø fy ( 2,205 mm2 fc'= 24.00 N/mm2
a = As*fy / ( 0.8 45 mm D= 1000 mm
diam= 20 mm
cover = 40 mm
d= 950 mm
Required As = 2205 mm2/m
Use 8 F 20 both for top and bottom

rmax = 0.75*rb = 0.75*0.85*b1*(fc'/fy)*600/(600+fy) b1= 0.85

= 0.0182 fc' = 24 N/mm2
rprovided = As/bd = 0.0023 << rmax fy = 420 N/mm2
OK !!

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RC PIER PIER CAP DESIGN-19 of 19

3) DESIGN FOR SHEAR

Shear strength
Design of cross sections subject to shear shall be based on
Vu < = ØVn = Ø (Vc + Vs ) Ø= 0.900
where Vu = factored shear forces at the section
Vn = the nominal shear strength, determined as the lesser of Vn = Vc + Vs or Vn=0.25*fc'*bv*dv
Vc = the nominal shear strength provided by the concrete, determined by:
Vc = 0.083*b*SQRT(fc')*bv*dv, where b= 2.00
Vs = the nominal shear strength provided by the shear reinforcement
Vs = Av*fv*d / s
Shear strength provided by concrete
Shear stress provided by concrete
vc = 0.083*b*sqrt(fc') = 0.813 (MPa )
The shear strength carried by concrete,Vc=vc*bw*d= 0.813 bw*d (N)

Shear strength provided by shear reinforcement

Where the factored shear force, Vu, exceeds shear strength ØVc, shear reinforcement shall be provided to satisfy
the equation, Vu < = ØVn = Ø ( Vc + Vs )
When shear reinforcement perpendicular to the axis of the member is used
Vs = Vu/Ø - Vc = Av*fy*d / s
There fore, spacing of shear reinforcement, s, is :
S = Av*fy*d / Vs = Av*fy*d/(Vu/Ø-Vc)=Av*fy*d/(Vu/Ø - 0.813*bw*d )
Minimum shear reinforcement ( Eq.12.34 )
Av = 0.083*sqrt(fc')*bw*S / fy fc' = 24 MPa
Smax = Av*fy / ( 0.083*sqrt(fc')*bw ) fy = 300 MPa
Maximum spacing of shear reinforcement Av =diam.12= 226 mm2
If Vu < 0.10*fc' * bw * d, S <= 0.8d <= 600mm 0.10*fc' * bwd= 2280 Mpa
If Vu >= 0.10*fc' * bw * d, S <= 0.4d <= 300mm
Sections located less than a distance d from support may be designed for the same shear as that omputed at a distance d

Vc = Smax-2= Spacing by analysis

0.10*fc'*bw Smax-1
vc.bw.d*10- Vs=Vu/Ø - Av*fy/ Spacing
Vu d S=Av*fy*d/
(KN) (m) 3 Vc *d (mm) (0.083*sqrt(f
(Vu/Ø-Vc)
provided
(KN) (KN) c')*bw) (mm)
(KN) (mm) (mm)

802.36 950.000 772.57 118.94 2280.0 600 167 541.99 160

CDSCo-CWCE