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    Ex-2 Physical Analysis of Water

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    shubh shah
    The document describes procedures to analyze a water sample to determine its physical parameters including specific gravity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids, and total solids. The procedures involve using equipment like a density bottle, pH meter, conductivity meter, TDS meter, weighing machine, and filter paper. The water's physical parameters are analyzed to determine appropriate treatment methods before disposal and ensure specifications are met.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ex-2 Physical Analysis of Water

    Uploaded by

    shubh shah
    10 views3 pages
    The document describes procedures to analyze a water sample to determine its physical parameters including specific gravity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids, and total solids. The procedures involve using equipment like a density bottle, pH meter, conductivity meter, TDS meter, weighing machine, and filter paper. The water's physical parameters are analyzed to determine appropriate treatment methods before disposal and ensure specifications are met.

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    The document describes procedures to analyze a water sample to determine its physical parameters including specific gravity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids, and total solids. The procedures involve using equipment like a density bottle, pH meter, conductivity meter, TDS meter, weighing machine, and filter paper. The water's physical parameters are analyzed to determine appropriate treatment methods before disposal and ensure specifications are met.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views3 pages

    Ex-2 Physical Analysis of Water

    Uploaded by

    shubh shah
    The document describes procedures to analyze a water sample to determine its physical parameters including specific gravity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended solids, and total solids. The procedures involve using equipment like a density bottle, pH meter, conductivity meter, TDS meter, weighing machine, and filter paper. The water's physical parameters are analyzed to determine appropriate treatment methods before disposal and ensure specifications are met.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Chemical Engineering Department M S University, Baroda

    PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER


    Safety, health and Environment

    Aim: - To analyze the given sample of water to measure its specific gravity, PH,
    conductivity, TDS, Suspended solid and total solid.
    Apparatus: - TDS meter, pH meter, conductivity meter, hot air oven, petri dish,
    weighing machine, Density bottle, Filter paper, Measuring cylinder, Burner
    Chemicals: - Sample water, standard (KCL solution) for TDS meter and
    conductivity meter.
    Theory: -
    While disposing off the industrial waste water, its physical parameters are
    determined. So that treatment can be given to water before proper disposal, to meet
    the specifications according to the rules. These parameters play important role on
    selection of the treatment method which must be given to water. Waste water has
    some PH value. Water should be neutralized before disposal. Water may also contain
    some amount of solids in it which can be either dissolved solid or suspended solid.
    Summation of these two gives the total solid content in that water. Dissolved solids
    are totally dissolved in water, while suspended solids are in suspension in water.
    These solids can be filterable or non- filterable and settle –able and non-settle –able
    in nature. Higher amount of solids may also lead to erosion. Presences of solids
    affects the clarity of water. Permissible limits for solids are different in drinking,
    domestic and industrial water.
    Procedure: -
    • Specific gravity:
    ➢ Weigh the empty density bottle and note down the reading.
    ➢ Fill the sample in it and weigh it again and note down.
    • pH Meter:
    Calibration of PH meter:
    ➢ Start the PH meter and clean the probe properly.
    ➢ Measure the temperature and set it to standard value.
    ➢ Put probe in 7 pH standard buffer solution and press CAL.

    1|Page
    Chemical Engineering Department M S University, Baroda

    ➢ Clean the probe. Repeat the procedure for 4 and 9.2 pH standard buffer
    solutions.
    ➢ Now pH meter ids calibrated. Put in the sample whose pH is to be
    determined.
    • Conductivity meter:
    Calibration of conductivity meter:
    ➢ Start the power supply and keep the switch to 20-200 mMho value,
    Display should show 199 mMho value, if it’s not set it by moving
    calibration knob.
    ➢ Place the rod in 0.1 N KCL solution and set it to desired value (with
    reference to temperature) by moving calibration knob.
    ➢ Wash the rod with water and then with distilled water and put it in
    solution whose conductivity is to be found.
    • TDS meter:
    Calibration of TDS meter:
    ➢ Prepare the standard of 0.1 N KCL solution.
    ➢ Set to 200 ppt range and then put the cell in solution.
    ➢ Read the value on display and set it desired value.
    Standard solution 0.1 N KCL 0.01 N KCL
    Range 200 ppt 2000 ppm
    TDS 7.4 ppt 744 ppm
    Temperature (°C) 25 25

    ➢ Now TDS meter is calibrated.


    ➢ Wash cell every time and put it in a sample solution.
    • Suspended solid:
    ➢ Take 100 ml of sample solution.
    ➢ Weight filter paper and then filter the sample water.
    ➢ Note change in weight of filter paper after drying. Note it as suspended
    solid.

    2|Page
    Chemical Engineering Department M S University, Baroda

    Observations: -
    Specific gravity:
    1) Weight of empty gravity bottle: ________ gm
    2) Weight of gravity bottle with sample: _________ gm
    3) Difference in weight of bottle (W1): __________ gm
    4) Volume of sample (V1): _________ ml
    PH of given sample:
    Conductivity of sample: __________ mMho
    TDS of sample:
    1) Reading of TDS meter for sample: _________ ppm
    Suspended solid:
    1) Initial weight of filter paper: ___________ gm
    2) Weight of filter paper after drying: __________ gm
    3) Difference in weight of filter paper (W2): __________ gm
    4) Volume of sample (V2): 100 ml
    Calculations: -
    1) Density (gm/lit): - W1/V1
    2) Suspended Solids (gm/ml): - W2/V2
    Result: -
    1) Specific gravity: - ______________
    2) pH: - _____________
    3) Conductivity: - ______________ mMho
    4) TDS: -___________ ppm
    5) Suspended Solids: - _________ gm/lit
    Conclusion: -

    3|Page

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