Docker
Docker
Docker
1. What is Docker?
Criteria Docker Virtual Machines
Use of OS All containers share the host OS Each VM runs on its own OS
Startup time Very fast Slow
Isolation Process-level isolation Full isolation
Security Low High
2. Define Containerization.
Though Docker and Hypervisor might do the same job overall, there are many
differences between them in terms of how they work. Docker can be thought of as
lightweight since it uses very few resources and also the host kernel rather than
creating it like a Hypervisor.
Some of the most important and unique features of Docker are as follows:
•We can run our Docker container either on our PC or on our enterprise IT system.
•Along with the Docker Hub, which is a repository of all containers, we can deploy
and download all our applications from a central location.
•We can even share our applications with the containers that we create.
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A Docker image helps in creating a Docker container. We can create the Docker image
with the build command; due to this, it creates a container that starts when it begins
to run. All the Docker images are stored in the Docker registry such as the public
Docker registry. These have minimal amounts of layers within the image so that there
is a minimum amount of data on the network.
It is a comprehensive set of applications including all its dependencies which share the
same OS kernel, along with the other containers running in separate processes within
the operating system in a user space. Docker is not tied to any IT infrastructure, and
thus it can run on any computer system or on the cloud. We can create a Docker
container using Docker images and then run it, or we can use the images that are
already created in the Docker Hub. To simplify things, let’s say that the Docker
containers are just runtime instances of the Docker image.
We can think of Docker Hub as a cloud registry that lets us link the code repositories,
create the images, and test them. We can also store our pushed images, or we can link
to the Docker Cloud, so that the images can be deployed to the host. We have a
centralized container image discovery resource that can be used for the collaboration
of our teams, automating the workflow and distribution, and changing management
by creating the development pipeline.
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We can think of a Docker Swarm as the way of orchestrating the Docker containers.
We will be able to implement Dockers in a cluster. We can convert our Docker pools
into a single Docker Swarm for easy management and monitoring.
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•Poor monitoring
•Docker Daemon
•Docker CLI
Docker registries provide locations for storing and downloading images. There are two
types of registries
•Public registry
•Private registry
When a container is run, Docker creates a set of isolated workspaces for the container
called namespaces.
•Interactively
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We can use JSON instead of YAML for a Docker Compose file. When we are using the
JSON file for composing, we have to specify the filename with the following command:
docker-compose -f docker-compose.json up
We can use any specific Docker image for creating a Docker container using the below
command:
docker run -t -i command name
This command not only creates the container but also starts it for us. If we want to
check whether the Docker container has been created or not, then we need to have
the following command that will list all the Docker containers, along with the host on
which the Docker containers run:
docker ps -a
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We can use the following to stop one or more running Docker containers:
docker container stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Use docker images with the -a flag to get the image IDs for removal. Then, pass their
IDs or tags to
docker rmi:
List:
docker images -a
Remove:
docker rmi Image Image
23. Where are Docker images stored?
It depends on which system the Docker is running and the Docker storage driver is
being used.
The ‘docker run’ command runs an image inside the container. It will require the
image name.
docker run [docker_image]
3.Running docker-compose up
27. What command should be run to view all the running
Docker containers?
To view all the running containers in Docker, we can use the following:
$ docker ps
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•Created: We see this Docker container state when a container is newly created.
•Restarting: When the Docker container is restarted due to any issues, this state
is observed.
•Running: It is the main state for the container after it has started.
•Exited: If a container has stopped due to some issue or stopped manually, this
will be the state of the container.
•Dead: When the daemon has tried but failed to stop a container (mostly because
of a busy device or resource), this state will be seen.
30. What is Docker Hub?
Docker Hub helps with linking to code repositories. This cloud-based registry enables
the building, testing, and storing of images in Docker Cloud. Images can also be
deployed to the host with it.
Virtualization is the process of logically dividing mainframes to enable more than one
application to run at a time.
A hypervisor helps in the creation of a virtual environment, in which the guest virtual
machines run. It manages the guest systems and checks the required resource
allocations to the guests.
Docker object labels help us add metadata to Docker objects, including containers,
images, Swarm nodes, network, volumes, and services.
•Build
•Pull
•Run
•Client
•Docker host
•Registry
Advanced Docker Interview Questions for
Experienced
Docker containers can be scaled to any level, starting from a few hundreds to even
thousands or millions of containers. The only condition is that the containers need the
memory and the OS all the time, and there should not be a constraint on these when
the Docker is getting scaled.
The communication between Docker client and Docker daemon happens with the
help of the combination of TCP, Rest API, and Socket.IO.
We have to include -p to the docker run command, along with the following:
-p [host_ip]:[host_port]:[container_port]
Here, host_ip is optional. It is not mandatory to specify this while we run the
command.
40. Tell us how you have used Docker in your past position.
This is a question wherein we could bring upon our whole experience with Docker and
any other Container technologies we have used prior to Docker. We could also explain
the ease that this technology has brought in the automation of the development-to-
production life cycle management.
We can also discuss any other integrations that we might have worked, along with
Docker, such as Puppet, Chef, or even the most popular of all technologies—Jenkins. If
we do not have any experience with Docker but we have it with similar tools from this
space, we could convey the same and also show our interest in learning this leading
containerization technology.