KS4031

Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
(Makecode)
Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4
2. Description .................................................................................................................... 6
3.Parameters ...................................................................................................................... 6
4.Kit List ............................................................................................................................... 7
5.Preparations: ............................................................................................................... 12
1
5.1Background Information about Micro:bit ............................................... 12
( 1 )What is Micro:bit? ................................................................................. 12
( 2 )Layout ....................................................................................................... 13
( 3 ) Pinout ...................................................................................................... 14
( 4 )Notes for the application of Micro:bit main board ................... 16
5.2.Install Micro:bit driver .................................................................................. 17
6.Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car............................................................... 18
6.1.Basic Information about Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car .. 18
6.2. the Installation of keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car .............. 20
7.Get Started with Micro:bit ...................................................................................... 42
7.1 Write code and program： ........................................................................ 42
7.2.Makecode： ..................................................................................................... 53
7.3 Quick Download............................................................................................. 54
7.4.Makecode extension library: ...................................................................... 62
7.4.Resources and test code.............................................................................. 71
7.5.Input test code................................................................................................ 72
7.6.Install CoolTerm：.......................................................................................... 77
8.Projects ......................................................................................................................... 79
Project 1: Heartbeat ............................................................................................. 80
Project 2: Light A Single LED............................................................................. 83
Project 3: LED Dot Matrix ................................................................................... 90
Project 4: Programmable Buttons ................................................................. 102
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Project 5: Temperature Measurement ......................................................... 113
Project 6: Geomagnetic Sensor ...................................................................... 127
Project 7: Accelerometer .................................................................................. 142
Project 8: Light Detection ................................................................................ 157
Project 9: Speaker ............................................................................................... 163
Project 10: Touch-sensitive Logo ................................................................... 169
Project 11: Microphone .................................................................................... 175
Project 12: Bluetooth Wireless Communication ....................................... 187
Project 13：Colorful Lights ............................................................................. 208
Project 14：WS2812 RGB LEDs ...................................................................... 215
Project 15：Servo ............................................................................................... 238
Project 16：Motor .............................................................................................. 247
Project 17：Line Tracking Sensor .................................................................. 260
17.1: Detect Line Tracking Sensor ......................................................... 260
17.2: Line Tracking Smart Car ................................................................. 278
Project 18: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car...................................................... 288
18.1: Ultrasonic Ranging .......................................................................... 288
18.2: Ultrasonic Avoidance Car .............................................................. 297
18.3: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car ......................................................... 313
Project 19：IR Remote Control ...................................................................... 322
19.1：Decode IR Remote Control ......................................................... 322
19.2：IR Remote Control ......................................................................... 332
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Project 20: Bluetooth Multi-purpose Smart Car ....................................... 348
20.1: Read Bluetooth Data....................................................................... 348
20.2: Multi-purpose Smart Car .............................................................. 363
9. Resources: ................................................................................................................. 369
1. Introduction
Have you wondered to learn programming or have your own
programming robot? Nowadays, programming has developed to a lower
age group, and it will be a trend for everyone to be able to program thanks
to the spread of simple graphical programming platforms, from micro:bit
to Arduino and Raspberry Pi. Maybe you haven't heard of them before. It
doesn't matter because with the help of this product and tutorial, you can
easily install a multi-functional programming car and experience the fun of
being a maker.
Micro:bit is a highly integrated microcontroller of powerful functions and
small size. It is very suitable to be applied in STEAM education for it
functions to make robots, wearable devices and electronic interactive
games via the combination of code programming and graphical
programming.
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This Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car is a smart DIY car specially
designed for micro:bit. The smart car kit consists of a car body with
extended functions, a PCB base plate with integrated motor drive sensors,
4 decelerating DC motors, Mecanum wheels, various modules and sensors
and acrylic boards. Therefore, you can easily assemble a cool Mecanum
wheel 4WD smart car by yourself, and then use Microsoft's online graphical
programming platform Make Code to program the micro:bit control board
to control the car. In the process, you can not only experience the fun of
creation but enhance hands-on ability and learn programming skills as
well.
MakeCode for micro:bit is the most widely used graphical programming
environment on the micro:bit official website. It is based on the graphical
programming environment developed by Microsoft's open source project
MakeCode. This graphical programming can also be converted to code
languages, python and javascript language. This combination makes learn
programming easy. At the same time, MakeCode programming can be
simulated or programmed for actual electronic components.
For your convenience, source code has been provided in every project, as
well as code programming steps and code explanation in details. Hope you
can better understand them.
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2. Description
This product is a smart car based on Micro:bit. It boasts multiply functions
including ultrasonic sound following, line tracking, infrared control and
Bluetooth control. It comes with a passive buzzer which is able to play
music, 4 WS2812RGB LEDs to display different colors, 2 colorful lights to
make direction lights for the car. This product uses two 18650 lithium
batteries for power supply.
When installing and disassembling the battery, please pay attention to the
positive and negative poles of the battery, and be sure not to reverse the
them. By the way, the motor speed of this product is adjustable.
In order to provide you with better experience, corresponding documents
about installation and test code are also provided.
3.Parameters
◆ Connector port input: DC 6V---9V
◆ Operating voltage of drive board system: 5V
◆ Standard operating power consumption: about 2.2W
◆ Maximum power: Maximum output power is 12W
◆ Motor speed: 200RPM/1min
◆ Working temperature range: 0-50℃
◆ Size: 120*120*120mm
◆ Environmental protection attributes: ROHS
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Note: working voltage of micro:bit is 3.3V, driver shield integrates 3.3V/5V
communication conversion circuit.
4.Kit List
Quanti
# Picture Components
ty
KS0511 Acrylic Board T=3mm

1 1
Acrylic Board with Lego Holes

2 1
T=3mm
3 4.5V Motor 4
4 4
23*15*5MM Fixing Board
7
5 Servo 1
6 Mecanum Wheels 4
Keyestudio Micro:bit IO Port
7 Expansion Sensor Shield With 1
Level Conversion
Micro:bit Main Board V2.0 with
Package for KS4031 1
8
Micro:bit Main Board V2.0 for
KS4032 0
8
9 1
Keyestudio Driver Board
M3*20MM Dual-pass Copper

10 4
Pillar
11 4
4265c Lego Part
12 4
43093 Lego Part
13 Acrylic Gasket Six in One Pack 1
9
14 M3*6MM Round Head Screw 18
15 Keyestudio Ultrasonic Module 1
16 M3 Nickle-plated Nut 14
18 M2 Nickle-plated Nut 3
10
Remote Control (without

21 1
batteries)
22 Plastic String 3*100mm 5
23 USB Cable 1
HX-2.54 2P DuPont Wire

24 1
100mm
25 HX-2.54 4P DuPont Wire 2
50mm
XH2.54 4P DuPont Wire

26 1
160mm
27 XH2.54 3P DuPont Wire 50mm 2
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28 3*40mm Screwdriver 1
M1.2*5mm Round Head

29 6
Self-tapping Screw
5.Preparations:
5.1Background Information about Micro:bit
( 1 )What is Micro:bit?
Micro:bit is an open source hardware platform based on the ARM
architecture launched by British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) together
with ARM, Barclays, element14, Microsoft and other institutions. The core
device is a 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 with FPU micro-processing.
Though it is just the size of a credit card, the Micro:bit main board is
equipped with loads of components,including a 5*5 LED dot matrix, 2
programmable buttons, an accelerometer, a compass, a thermometer, a
touch-sensitive logo and a MEMS microphone, a Bluetooth module of low
energy, and a buzzer and others. Thus, it also boasts multiple functions.
The buzzer built in the other side of the board makes playing all kinds of
sound possible without any external equipment. The golden fingers and
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gears added provide a better fixing of crocodile clips. Moreover, this board
has a sleeping mode to lower power consumption of batteries and it can
be entered if users long press the Reset & Power button on the back of it. It
is capable of reading the data of sensors, controlling servos and RGB lights
and attaching with a shield so as to connect with various sensors. It also
supports a variety of codes and graphical programming platforms, and is
compatible with almost all PCs and mobile devices. It has no need to install
drivers. It is of high integration of electronic modules, and has a serial port
monitoring function for easy debugging.
The board has found wide applications. It can be applied in programming
video games, making interactions between light and sound, controlling a
robot, conducting scientific experiments, developing wearable devices and
make some cool inventions like robots and musical instruments, basically
everything imaginable.
( 2 )Layout
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For more information,please resort to following links ：
https://tech.microbit.org/hardware/
https://microbit.org/new-microbit/
https://www.microbit.org/get-started/user-guide/overview/
https://microbit.org/get-started/user-guide/features-in-depth/
( 3 ) Pinout
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The functions of pins:
P0，P1，P2，P3，P4，P5，P6，P7，P8，P9，P10，P11，P12，
GPIO
P13，P14，P15，P16，P19，P20
ADC/DAC P0，P1，P2，P3，P4，P10
IIC P19（SCL），P20（SDA）
SPI P13（SCK），P14（MISO），P15（MOSI）
PWM（used
P0，P1，P2，P3，P4，P10
frequently）
PWM（not
P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P11、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P19、
frequently
P20
used）
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P3(LED Col3)，P4(LED Col1)，P5(Button A)，P6(LED Col4)，
Occupied
P7(LED Col2)，P10(LED Col5)，P11(Button B)
Browse the official website for more details:
https://tech.microbit.org/hardware/edgeconnector/
https://microbit.org/guide/hardware/pins/
( 4 )Notes for the application of Micro:bit main board
a. It is recommended to cover it with a silicone protector to prevent short
circuit for it has a lot of sophisticated electronic components.
b. Its IO port is very weak in driving since it can merely handle current less
than 300mA. Therefore, do not connect it with devices operating in large
current, such as servo MG995 and DC motor or it will get burnt.
Furthermore, you must figure out the current requirements of the devices
before you use them and it is generally recommended to use the board
together with a Micro:bit shield.
c. It is recommended to power the main board via the USB interface or via
the battery of 3V. The IO port of this board is 3V, so it does not support
sensors of 5V. If you need to connect sensors of 5 V, a Micro: Bit expansion
board is required.
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d. When using pins(P3, P4, P6, P7 and P10)shared with the LED dot matrix,
blocking them from the matrix or the LEDs may display randomly and the
data about sensors connected maybe wrong.
e. Pin 19 and 20 can not be used as IO ports though the Makecode shows
they can. They can only be used as I2C communication.
f. The battery port of 3V cannot be connected with battery more than 3.3V
or the main board will be damaged.
g. Forbid to operate it on metal products to avoid short circuit.
To put it simple, Micro:bit V2 main board is like a microcomputer which has
made programming at our fingertips and enhanced digital innovation. And
as for programming environment, BBC provides a website:
https://microbit.org/code/, which has a graphical MakeCode program easy
for use.
5.2.Install Micro:bit driver
Micro:bit is free of driver installation. However, in case your computer fail
to recognize the main board, you can install the diver too.
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Just enter the link https://fs.keyestudio.com/KS4031-4032
to download the driver file of micro:bit in
file folder
6.Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
This chapter will introduce the function and structure of keyestudio 4WD
Mecanum Robot Car. It is a programmable car based on BBC micro:bit.
Driven by motors, it boasts a line tracking sensor and an infrared receiver
integrated into the bottom plate, an ultrasonic sensor, servos ,2 colorful
lights, 4 WS2812 RGB lights. The wiring is not complicated and it has
Lego jacks to facilitate connection with other peripheral devices. Abundant
hardware resources will enable you to master more knowledge and skills,
so that you can use your imagination to create more technological
inventions.
6.1.Basic Information about Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
This car can help you to better learn to use Micro:bit and obtain electronic
knowledge.
Components: an ultrasonic sensor, servos ,2 colorful lights, 4 WS2812 RGB
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lights 4 decelerating DC motors, Mecanum wheels,
Sensor Colorful Decelerat Servo Ultrasonic Line Infrared WS2812 Power
light ing DC sensor Tracking Receiver RGB switch
motor Sensor light
# 2 4 1 1 1 1 4 1
Note: the line tracking sensor, WS2812 RGB lights and infrared receiver
servo are integrated in the base.
Pins：
Pin on Micro:bit Sensors of the keyestudio
4WD Mecanum Robot Car
P1 P2 Line Tracking Sensor
P14 Servo
P8 4 个 WS2812RGB Lights
P9 Infrared Receiver
P15P16 Ultrasonic Sensor
Power supply and Battery
The keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car is powered by two 18650
batteries. The battery holder of the car is compatible with any type of
18650 lithium battery (rechargeable). You can use a universal battery
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charger to charge the 18650 lithium battery.
Please note: This product does not contain batteries.
6.2. the Installation of keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
Part 1
Components
Needed
20
Installation
Diagram
Prototype
Part 2
21
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
22
Prototype
Part 3
23
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
24
Prototype
Part 4（adjust the angle of the servo first）
Adjust the
angle of the
servo to 90
degrees
according to
the test code
in project
8.15
25
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
(mind the
installation
direction)
26
Prototype
Part 5
Components
Needed
27
Installation
Diagram
Prototype
Part 6
28
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
29
Prototype
Part 7
Components
Needed
30
Installation
Diagram
(mind the
direction of
the motor)
Prototype
Part 8
31
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
(Pay
attention to
the
installation
direction of
the
mecanum
wheel)
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Prototype
Part 9
Components
Needed
33
Installation
Diagram
Prototype
Part 10
34
Components
Needed
Installation
Diagram
35
Prototype
Start Wiring
The wiring of
the RGB
lights
36
The wiring of
the infrared
receiver
module
The wiring of
the motor
and colorful
lights
37
The wiring of
the
line-tracking
sensor
The wiring of
the
ultrasonic
sensor
38
The wiring of
the servo
The wiring of
the
M1 motor
39
The wiring of
the
M2 motor
The wiring of
the
M3 motor
40
The wiring of
the
M4 motor
The wiring of
the power
supply (the
5V is
connected to
the shield)
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7.Get Started with Micro:bit
The following instructions are applied for Windows system but can also
serve as a reference if you are using a different system.
7.1 Write code and program：
This chapter describes how to write program and load the program to the
Micro: Bit main board V2.
You are recommended to browse the official website of Micro:bit for more
details, and the link is attached below:
https://microbit.org/guide/quick/
Step 1: connect the Micro: Bit main board with your computer
Firstly, link the Micro: Bit main board with your computer via the USB cable.
Macs, PCs, Chromebooks and Linux（including Raspberry Pi）systems are all
compatible with the Micro: Bit main board.
Note that if you are about to pair the board with your phone or tablet,
please refer to this link:
https:/microbit.org/get-started/user-guide/mobile/
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Secondly, if the red LED on the back of the board is on, that means the
board is powered. When your computer communicates with the main
board via the USB cable, the yellow LED on it will flashes. For example, it
will flicker when you burn a “hex”file.
Then Micro: bit main board will appear on your computer as a driver
named “MICROBIT(E:)”. Please note that it is not an ordinary USB disk as
shown below.
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Step 2: write programs
View the link https://makecode.microbit.org/ in your browser;
Click ‘New Project’;
The dialog box‘Create a Project’ appears, fill it with‘heartbeat’and click
‘Create √’to edit.
(If you are running Windows 10 system, it is also viable to edit on the APP
MakeCode for micro:bit , which is exactly like editing in the website. And
the link to the APP is
https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/p/makecode-for-micro-bit/9pjc7sv48lcx
?ocid=badgep&rtc=1&activetab=pivot:overviewtab )
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Write a set of micro:bit code. You can drag some modules in the Blocks to
the editing area and then run your program in Simulator of MakeCode
editor as shown in the picture below which demonstrates how to edit
‘heartbeat’ program .
Click the arrow behind “JS JavaScript”to choose between“JavaScript”
or “Python”and you will find the corresponding program in JavaScript
language or Python language as shown below:
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Step 3: download code
If your computer is Windows 10 and you have downloaded the APP
MakeCode for micro:bit to write program, what you will have to do to
download the program to your Micro: Bit main board is merely clicking the
‘Download’ button, then all is done.
If you are writing program through the website, following these steps:
Click the ‘Download’ in the editor to download a "hex" file, which is a
compact program format that the Micro: Bit main board can read. Once
the hexadecimal file is downloaded, copy it to your board just like the
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process that you copy the file to the USB driver. If you are running
Windows system, you can also right-click and select ‘Send to →
MICROBIT(E:) ‘to copy the hex file to the Micro: Bit main board.
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You can also directly drag the "hex" file onto the MICROBIT (E:) disk.
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During the process of copying the downloaded hex file to the Micro: bit
main board, the yellow signal light on the back side of the board flashes.
When the copy is completed, the yellow signal light will stop flashing and
remain on.
Step 4: run the program：
After the program is uploaded to the Micro: bit main board, you could still
power it via the USB cable or change to via an external power. The 5 x 5 LED
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dot matrix on the board displays the heartbeat pattern.
Power via USB cable Power via external power (3V)
Caution:
When you programs each time, the driver of Micro: bit will automatically
eject and return and your hexadecimal files will disappear . And the board
can only have access to hexadecimal files (hex) and save no other files.
Step 5：about other programming languages
This chapter has described how to use the Micro:bit main board.
But except for the Makecode graphical programming introduced you can
also write Micro:bit programs in other languages. Go to the link:
https://microbit.org/code/ to know about other programming languages ,
or view the link: https://microbit.org/projects/, to find something you want
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to have a go.
7.2.Makecode：
Browse https://makecode.microbit.org/ and enter Makecode online editor
or open the APP MakeCode for micro:bit of Windows 10.
Click“New Project”, and input“heartbeat”, then click “create √”to
enter Makecode editor, as shown below:
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Setting
Graphical and text

置
Simulator Code editing

Blocks
area
块
辑区
“+” zoom in
“-” zoom out

Download Return
project
Save
code
Undo
按钮销
There are blocks“on start”and“forever”in the code editing area.
When the power is plugged or reset,“on start”means that the code in the
block only executes once, while “forever”implies that the code runs
cyclically.
7.3 Quick Download
As mentioned before, if your computer is Windows 10 and you have
downloaded the APP MakeCode for micro:bit to write programs, the
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program written can be quickly downloaded to the Micro: Bit main board
by selecting ‘Download’.
While it is a little more trickier if you are using a browser to enter
Makecode. However, if you use Google Chrome, suitable for Linux，macOS
and Windows 10, the process can be quicker too.
We use the webUSB function of Chrome to allow the internet page to
access the hardware device connected USB.
You could refer to the following steps to connect and pair devices.
Device pairing:
Connect micro:bit to your computer by USB cable.
Click“...”beside“Download”and tap“Connect device”;
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Click“Next”;
56
Click another“Next”;
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Then select the corresponding device and click“Connect”. If no devices
shows up for selection, please refer to:
https://makecode.microbit.org/device/usb/webusb/troubleshoot
And for updating the firmware of the Micro:bit:
https://microbit.org/guide/firmware/ .
If the links are too troublesome for you , then you can also turn to our
‘Troubleshooting Downloads with WebUSB’and“upload the firmware”
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in the folder we provided in the link:
https://fs.keyestudio.com/KS4031-4032
Click“Done”to finish the pairing.
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Download program:
After the pairing, click “download”to directly download the program to
the board. If it is successfully downloaded, the icon
will shift to .
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7.4.Makecode extension library:
For your convenience, we have made a makecode extension library for this
smart home kit.
Add smart home extension library:
Please follow the following steps to add extension files:
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Open Makecode to enter a certain project→click the gear-shaped icon(for
setting) in the upper right corner→choose “Extensions”;
Or click”Advanced”to select “Extensions”as shown below:
63
Input the link https://github.com/keyestudio2019/ks_IoT to search;
Tap the searching result “IoT_keyestudio” to download and install it;
This process may take a few seconds.
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After the installation, you can find the extension files DHT11/DHT22 and
I2C_LCD1602 on the left side.
And extension file Neopixel is also installed.
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Note: the extension files added are only available for this project. Therefore,
when you create a new IoT_keyestudio project, you will need to add these
extension files again.
Update or delete the IoT_keyestudio extension files:
Please follow the following steps to update or delete extension files:
Click "Js JavaScript" to change to textual version:
68
Click the “Explorer”on the left side:
69
You can find these added files in the list;
Click the dustbin icon beside the file to delete the corresponding file;
Tap the refresh icon to update the corresponding IoT_keyestudio
extension file.
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7.4.Resources and test code
We also provide a link：https://fs.keyestudio.com/KS4031-4032
containing the information of the product from relevant tools to test codes,
tutorials and troubleshooting methods as well, as shown in the figure
below:
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7.5.Input test code
We provide hexadecimal code files (project files) for each project. The file
contains all the contents of the project and can be imported directly, or you
can manually drag the code blocks to complete the program for each
project. For simple projects, dragging a block of code to complete the
program is recommended.For complex projects, it is recommended to
conduct the program by importing the hexadecimal code file we provide.
Let's take the "Heatbeat" project as an example to show how to load the
code.
Open the Web version of Makecode or the Windows 10 App version of
Makecode;
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Click“Import File”;
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Select“../Makecode Code/Project 1_ Heart beat/Project 1_ Heart beat.hex”
Then click “Go ahead”.
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In addition to importing the test code file provided into the Makecode
compiler above, you can also drag the the test code file provided into the
code editing area of the Makecode compiler, as shown in the figure below:
After a few seconds, it is done.
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Note: if your computer system is Windows7 or 8 instead of Windows 10,
the pairing cannot be done via Google Chrome. Therefore, digital signal or
analog signal of sensors and modules cannot be shown on the serial port
simulator. However, you need to read the corresponding digital signal or
analog signal.So what can we do? You can use the CoolTerm software to
read the serial port data of the microbit. Next chapter is about how to
install CoolTerm.
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7.6.Install CoolTerm：
CoolTerm program is used to read the data on serial port.
Download CoolTerm program:
https://freeware.the-meiers.org/
After the download, we need to install CoolTerm program file, below is PC
Window system taken as an example.
(1) Choose“win”to download the zip file of CoolTerm
(2) Unzip file and open it. (also suitable for Mac and Linux system)
（1）
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(3) Double-click （
. please make sure that the driver of Micro:bit is
installed and the main board is connected with the computer.)
The functions of each button on the Toolbar are listed below:
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Open up a new Terminal
Open a saved Connection
Save the current Connection to disk
Open the Serial Connection
Close the Serial Connection
Clear the Received Data
Open the Connection Options Dialog
Display the Terminal Data in Hexadecimal Format
Display the Help Window
8.Projects
(Note: project 8.1 to 8.12 will be conducted with the built-in sensors and
LED dot matrix of the Micro:bit main board V2)
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Project 1: Heartbeat
(1)Project Description
This project is easy to conduct with a micro:bit V2 main board, a Micro USB
cable and a computer. The micro:bit LED dot matrix will display a relatively
big heart-shaped pattern and then a smaller one. This alternative change
of this pattern is like heart beating. This experiment serves as a starter for
your entry to the programming world.
(2)Experimental Preparation：
➢ Connect micro:bit to computer with the USB cable
➢ Open online Makecode editor
Import Hex profile (How to import?)
Or click“New Project”and drag blocks step by step
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(3)Test Code
The route to get test code（How to load?）
File Type Path File Name
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 1：
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Heartbeat.hex
Code/Project 1：Heartbeat
Or you could edit code step by step in the editing area.
Go to“Basic”→“show icon”.
Copy it again and place into“forever”block.
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Click“ ”to select“ ”.
Complete Program：
“on start”: command block runs once to start program.
The program under the block“forever”runs cyclically.
LED dot matrix displays“ ”
LED dot matrix shows“ ”
Click“JavaScript" to view the corresponding JavaScript code:
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(4)Test Results
Download code to micro:bit and keep USB cable connected. The LED dot
matrix will display and ceaselessly.
(How to download? How to quick download?)
If the download is not success, try to disconnect micro:bit from your
computer and then reconnect them and reopen Makecode to try again.
Project 2: Light A Single LED
The LED dot matrix consists of 25 LEDs arranged in a 5 by 5 square. In order
to locate these LEDs quickly, as the figure shown below, we can regarded
this matrix as a coordinate system and create two aces by marking those in
rows from 0 to 4 from top to bottom, and the ones in columns from 0 to 4
from the left to the right. Therefore, the LED sat in the second of the first
line is (1,0）and the LED positioned in the fifth of the fourth column is (3,4）
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and others likewise.
(3)Test Code
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 2：Light A
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Single LED.hex
Code/Project 2：Light A Single
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LED
A. Click“Led”→“more”→“led enable false”
B. Put it into the“on start”block, and click the drop-down triangle button
to select“true”.
*****************************************************************************
(2) A. Enter“Led”→“toggle x 0 y 0”block;
B. Combine it with“forever”，alter“x 0”into“x 1”.
*****************************************************************************
(3) A. Enter“Basic”→“pause (ms) 100”from“
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B. Then move it below the “toggle x1 y0”block, and set to 500ms.
(4) Duplicate code string once and place it into“forever”
block.
*****************************************************************************
A. Enter“Led”→“plot x 0 y 0”
B. Keep it beneath block“pause(ms)500”, then set to“plot x 3 y 4”:
86
*****************************************************************************
Replicate“pause (ms) 500”once and keep it below the block“plot x3y4”
Click“Led”→“unplot x 0 y 0”and set to“unplot x3 y 4”;
Lay down it beneath“pause (ms) 500”block
Copy“pause (ms) 500”block once, and keep it below the“unplot x3 y 4”
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block.
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Click“JavaScript”to switch into corresponding JavaScript code:
Complete Program：
“on start”: command block only runs once to

start program.
Turn on LED dot matrix.
The program under the block “forever” runs

cyclically.
Toggle the LED brightness at coordinate point
“x 1 y 0”.
Toggle the LED brightness at coordinate point

“x 1 y 0”.
Turn on the LED at coordinate point “x3，y4”.
Delay in 500ms
Turn off the LED at coordinate point “x3 y4”.
89
(4)Test Results:
After uploading test code to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
main board via the USB cable, the LED in (1,0) lights up for 0.5s and the one
in (3,4) shines for 0.5s and repeat this sequence.
Project 3: LED Dot Matrix
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Dot matrices are very commonplace in daily life. They have found wide
applications in LED advertisement screens, elevator floor display, bus stop
announcement and so on.
The LED dot matrix of Micro: Bit main board V2 contains 25 LEDs in a grid.
Previously, we have succeeded in controlling a certain LED to light by
integrating its position value into the test code. Supported by the same
theory, we can turn on many LEDs at the same time to showcase patterns,
digits and characters.
What’s more, we can also click”show icon“ to choose the pattern we like
to display. Last but not the least, we can design patterns by ourselves.
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
91
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 3： LED Dot
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Matrix-1
Code/Project 3： LED Dot
Matrix-1
A. Enter“Led”→“more”→“led enable false”
Click the drop-down triangle button to select“true”
Combine it with “on start” block
*****************************************************************
Click“Led”to move“plot x 0 y 0”into“forever”，then replicate“plot x
0 y 0”for 8 times, respectively set to“x 2”y 0”,“x 2”y 1”,“x 2”y 2”,
“x 2”y 3”,“x 2”y 4”,“x 1”y 3”“x 0”y 2”,“x 3”y 3”,“x 4”y 2”.
92
Complete Program：
93
“on start”: command block only
runs once to start program.
Turn on LED dot matrix.
The program under the block
“forever” runs cyclically.
Toggle the LED brightness at
coordinate point “x 2，y 0”, “x
2，y 1”, “x 2，y 2”, “x 2，y 3”,
“x 2，y 4”, “x 1，y 3”, “x 0，
y 2”, “x 3，y 3”and“x 4，y 2”
Select“JavaScript" and“Python”to switch into JavaScript and Python
language code:
Code 2：
94
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 3： LED Dot
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Matrix-2
Code/Project 3： LED Dot
Matrix-2
A. Enter“Basic”→“show number 0”block,
Duplicate it for 4 times, then separately set to“show number 1”,“show
number 2”,“show number 3”,“show number 4”,“show number 5”.
*****************************************************************
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Click“Basic”→“show leds”, then put it into“forever”block，tick blue boxes
to light LED and generate“↓”pattern.
*****************************************************************
(1) Move out the block“show string” from“Basic”block, and leave it
beneath the“show leds” block
Choose“show icon”from“Basic”block, and leave it beneath the
block“show string“Hello!”block
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*****************************************************************
(2) A. Enter“Basic”→“show arrow North”;
B. Leave it into“forever”block，replicate“show arrow North”for 3 times，
respectively set to“North East”,“South East”, “South West”,“North
West”.
97
(3) Click“Basic”to get block“clear screen”then remain it below the block
“show arrow North West”
*****************************************************************
(5) Drag“pause (ms) 100”block from“Basic”block and set to 500ms, then
98
leave it below“clear screen”block.
Complete Program:
99
“on start”: command block only runs once to start
program.
LED dot matrix displays 1,2,3,4,5
Under the block “forever”，program runs cyclically.
Dot matrix shows the“↓” pattern

Dot matrix scrolls to show “Hello!”
“ ”is shown on dot matrix
LED dot matrix displays“North East”arrow.
The“South East”arrow shows up on LED dot
matrix
The“South West”arrow appears up on LED
dot matrix
The“North West”arrow is displayed on LED
dot matrix
Clear the screen
Delay in 500ms
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language code:
(4)Test Results:
Upload code 1 and power the board , we will see the icon
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Upload code 2 and plug micro:bit in power, Micro: bit starts showing
number 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, then cyclically display ,“Hello!”, ,
, , and patterns.
Project 4: Programmable Buttons
Buttons can be used to control circuits. In an integrated circuit
with a push button, the circuit is connected when pressing the button and
it is open the other way around.
Micro: Bit main board boasts three push buttons, two are programmable
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buttons(marked with A and B), and the one on the other side is a reset
button. By pressing the two programmable buttons can input three
different signals. We can press button A or B alone or press them together
and the LED dot matrix shows A,B and AB respectively. Let’s get started.
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
Press buttons on micro:bit, micro:bit will display character strings.
103
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Programmable
Code/Project 4：Programmable Buttons-1
Buttons-1
(1) Delete“on start”and“forever”firstly，then click“Input”→“on button
A pressed”
*****************************************************************
(1) A. Click“Basic”→“show string”;
B. Then place it into“on button A pressed”block, change “Hello!”into
“A”.
(2) Copy code string once, tap the drop-down button
“A”to select“B”and modify character“A”into“B”.
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*****************************************************************
(3) Copy once ， and set to“on button A+B
pressed”and“show string “AB”
*****************************************************************
Complete Code:
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Press button A on Micro: bit
main board
Show the character “A”
Press button B on Micro: bit
main board
Show the character “B”
Press button A and B at same
time
Display the character “AB”
language code:
Code 2：
106
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Programmable
Code/Project 4：Programmable Buttons-2
Buttons-2
A. Click“Led”→“more”→“led enable false”,
B. Put it into the block“on start”，click drop-down triangle button to select
“true” .
*************************************************************************
A. Tap“Variables”→“Make a Variable...”→“New variable name：”
B. Enter“item”in the dialog box and click“OK”，then variable“item”is
produced. And move“set item to 0”into“on start”block
107
A. Click“Input”→“on button A pressed”.
B. Go to“Variables”→“ change item by 1 ”
C. Place it into “ on button A pressed ” and 1 is modified into 5.
*************************************************************************
Duplicate code string once，click the drop-down
button to select“B”，then set“change item by -5”.
******************************************************************************
A. Enter“Led”→“plot bar graph of 0 up to 0”
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B. Keep it into“forever”block
C. Go to“Variables”to move“item”into 0 box，change 0 into 25.
*****************************************************************************
A. Go to“Logic”to move out “if...true...then...”and “=”blocks，
B. Keep“=”into“true”box and set to “>”
C. Select“item”in the“Variables”and lay it down at left box of “>”，
change 0 into 25；
D. Enter“Variables”to drag“set item to 0”block into“if...true..then...”, alter
0 into 25.
******************************************************************************
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(7) A. Replicate code string once
B.“>”is modified into“<”and 25 is changed into 0,
C. Leave it beneath code string.
Complete Program：
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“on start”: command block runs once
to start program.
Turn on LED dot matrix
Set the initial value of item to 0
Press button A on Micro:bit board
Change item by 5
Press button B on Micro:bit board
Change item by -5
The program under the block “forever”
runs cyclically.Light on LED in dot
matric to draw bar graph, light up up to
25 LEDs
If item is greater than 25
Then set item to 25
If item is less than 0
Then set item to 0
Click“JavaScript" to switch into JavaScript code:
111
(4)Test Results:
After uploading test code 1 to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
main board via the USB cable, the 5*5 LED dot matrix shows A if button A is
pressed, B if button B pressed, and AB if button A and B pressed together.
After uploading test code 2 to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
main board via the USB cable, when pressing the button A the LEDs turning
red increase by 5 while when pressing the button B the LEDs turning red
reduce.
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Project 5: Temperature Measurement
The Micro:bit main board V2 is not equipped with a temperature sensor,
but uses the temperature sensor built into NFR52833 chip for temperature
detection. Therefore, the detected temperature is more closer to the
temperature of the chip, and there maybe deviation from the ambient
temperature.
Note: the temperature sensor of Micro:bit main board is shown below:
113
Or click“New Project”and drag blocks step by step.
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
Micro:bit detects temperature
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 5：Temperature
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Measurement-1
Code/Project 5：Temperature
Measurement-1
Go to“Advanced” →“Serial” →“serial redirect to USB”
Place it into “on start”
114
*****************************************************************************
Click“Serial”to drag out“serial write value x=0”
Move it into“forever”block
Go to“Input” →“temperature(℃)”
Place it into 0 box
Change x into Temperature
*****************************************************************************
Move“pause (ms) 100”from“Basic”block and place it under block“serial
write.....temperature(℃)”
115
Complete Program：
116
Serial redirect to USB
The program under the block “forever” runs cyclically.
Serial writes Temperature
Delay in 500ms
117
Download code 1 to micro:bit board and keep USB cable connected, then
tap button :
( How to quick download?)
Temperature data is shown below:
118
Through the test, the room temperature is 35 ℃ when touching the
NFR51822 chip of micro:bit; however, the temperature rises to 37℃ when
it touches water cup.
Open CoolTerm, click Options to select SerialPort. Set COM port and
115200 baud rate(the baud rate of USB serial communication of Micro:bit
is 115200 through the test). Click“OK”and“Connect”.
The serial monitor shows the current ambient temperature value, as shown
below:
119
120
121
122
Code 2：
Micro:bit display different pictures by temperature(the temperature value
in the code could be adjusted).
123
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 5：Temperature
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Measurement-2
Code/Project 5：Temperature
Measurement-2
You could set temperature based on real situation.
Click“Led”→“more”→“led enable false”into“on start”，click drop-down
triangle button to select“true”
*****************************************************************
A. Go to“Logic”→“if..true...then...else”and “=” block;
B. Move“if..true...then...else” into“forever”block，then place“=”into
“true”box.
******************************************************************************
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A. Change“=”into“≥”
B. Go to“Input”→“temperature(℃)”and move it into left 0 box;
C. Change 0 into 35.
*****************************************************************
Tap“Basic”→“show icon”，copy it once and lay down them under the
“if ...then” and else blocks, then click the drop-down triangle button to
select“ ”.
125
Complete Program：
“on start”: command block runs once
to start program.
Turn on LED dot matrix
Under the block“forever”，program
runs cyclically.
If the detected temperature≥35°，the
next program will be executed.
Dot matrix shows“❤”
Otherwise, the another program will
be executed under the else block

Click“JavaScript", the corresponding JavaScript code is shown below:
LED dot matrix displays “ ”
126
(4)Test Results:
Upload the Code 1 and plug in power. And 5*5LED displays the ambient
temperature. When pressing the temperature sensor, the temperature will
grow on dot matrix.
Upload the code 2 plug in micro:bit via USB cable, when the ambient
temperature is less than 35 ℃ , 5*5LED will show . When the
temperature is equivalent to or greater than 35℃, the pattern will
appear.
Project 6: Geomagnetic Sensor
This project mainly introduces the use of the Micro:bit’s compass. In
addition to detecting the strength of the magnetic field, it can also be used
to determine the direction, an important part of the heading and attitude
reference system (AHRS) as well.
127
It uses FreescaleMAG3110 three-axis magnetometer. Its I2C interface
communicates with the outside, the range is ±1000µT, the maximum data
update rate is 80Hz. Combined with accelerometer, it can calculate the
position. Additionally, it is applied to magnetic detection and compass
blocks.
Then we could read the value detected by it to determine the location. We
need to calibrate the Micro:bit board when magnetic sensor works.
The correct calibration method is to rotate the Micro:bit board.
In addition, the objects nearby may affect the accuracy of readings and
calibration.
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
Press A on micro:bit, the value of compass is shown.
128
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Geomagnetic Sensor-1
Code/Project 6：
Geomagnetic Sensor-1
A. Click“Input”→“more”→“calibrate compass”
B. Lay down it into block“on start”.
A. Go to“Input”→“on button A pressed”.
B. Enter“Basic”→“show number”, put it into“on button A pressed”block;
C. Tap“Input”→“compass heading(℃)”， and place it into“show number”
*****************************************************************
129
Complete Program：
①“on start”: command block only runs once
to start program.
②Calibrate compass
③Press button A on Micro:bit main board
④Dot matrix shows the direction of compass
heading
language code:
Code Description：
Upload the code 1, plug in micro:bit via USB cable.
As the button A is pressed, LED dot matrix indicates that“TILT TO FILL
SCREEN”then enter the calibration interface. The calibration method:
rotate the micro:bit to make LED dot matrix draw a square (25 LEDs are on),
as shown in the following figure:
130
The calibration will be finished until you view the smile pattern
appear.
The serial monitor will show 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° when pressing A.
Code 2：
Make micro: bit board point to the north, south, east and west horizontally ,
LED dot matrix displays the corresponding direction patterns
131
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Geomagnetic Sensor-2
Code/Project 6：
Geomagnetic Sensor-2
This module can keep reading data to determine direction, so does point
to the current magnetic North Pole by arrow.
132
For the above picture, the arrow pointing to the upper right when the value
ranges from 292.5 to 337.5. Because 0.5 can’t be input in the code, the
values we get are 293 and 338.
Link computer with micro:bit board by micro USB cable, and program in
MakeCode editor:
Enter“Input”→ “more”→“calibrate compass”
Move“calibrate compass”into“on start”
133
*****************************************************************
A. Click“Variables”→“Make a Variable...”→“New variable name：”
B. Input“x”in the blank box and click“OK”, and the variable “x” is
generated.
C. Drag out“set x to”into“forever”block
A. Go to“Input”→“compass heading(℃)”, and keep it into“0”box
Tap“Logic”→“if...then...else”, leave it below block“sex x to compass
heading”, then click icon for 6 times.
*****************************************************************
A. Place“and”into“true”block
B. Then move“=”block to the left box of “and”
C. Click“Variables”to drag“x”to the left “0”box, change 0 into 293 and
set to “≥”;
D. Then copy“x≥293”once and leave it to the right “0”box and set to
“x<338”
134
*****************************************************************
A. Go to“Basic”→“show leds”
B. Lay it down beneath
block, then
click“show leds”and the pattern appears.
135
A. Duplicate for 6 times.
B. Separately leave them into the blank boxes behind “else if”.
C. Set to“x≥23 and x<68”,“x≥68 and x<113 ”,“x≥113 and x<158 ”,
136
“x≥158 and x<203 ”,“x≥203 and x<248 ”,“x≥248 and x<293 ”
respectively.
D. Then copy “show leds”for 7 times and keep them below the “else
if.......then” block respectively.
E. Click the blue boxes to form the pattern“ ”, “ ”, “ ”, “ ”,
“ ”, “ ”and “ ”.
*****************************************************************************
Complete Program：
137
“on start”: command block only
runs once to start program.
Calibrate compass

Store the angle of the compass

heading into the variable x
When 293≤x<338，the next program
will be executed
appears on the dot matrix
When 23 ≤ x<68 ， the next
program will be executed
is displayed on dot matrix
When 68 ≤ x<113, the next

is shown on dot matrix
When 113 ≤ x<158 ， the next

pattern appears
138
When 158≤x<203, the next
program will be executed.
Dot matrix shows
When 203 ≤ x<248, the
next program will be

executed.
Dot matrix displays
When 248≤x<293, the next
program will be executed.
Dot matrix shows
When x is not among the

above rang, the next
under else block
language code:
139
140
(4)Test Results:
Upload code 2 and plug micro:bit into power. After calibration, tilt
micro:bit board, and the LED dot matrix displays the direction signs.
141
Project 7: Accelerometer
The micro:bit board has a built-in Freescale MMA8653FC three-axis
acceleration sensor (accelerometer). Its I2C interface works on external
communication, the range can be set to ±2g, ±4g, and ±8g, and the
maximum data update rate can reach 800Hz.
When the Micro:bit is stationary or moving at a constant speed, the
accelerometer only detects the gravitational acceleration; when the
Micro:bit is slightly shaken, the acceleration detected is much smaller than
the gravitational acceleration and can be ignored. Therefore, in the process
of using Micro:bit, the main purpose is to detect the changes of the
gravitational acceleration on the x, y, and z axes when the attitude
changes.
For this project, we will introduce the detection of several special postures
by the accelerometer.
142
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Accelerometer-1
Code/Project 7：Accelerometer-1
(1) A. Enter“Input”→“on shake”，
B. Click“Basic”→“show number”
, place it into“on shake”block, then change
143
0 into 1.
(2) A. Copy code string for 7 times;
separately click the triangle button to select“logo up”

“logo
, down”
“screen
,
up”,“screen down”,“tilt left”,“tilt right”and“free fall”, then respectively
change 1 into 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
******************************************************************************
Complete Program：
144
Shake the Micro:bit board
LED dot matrix displays 1
The log is up
The logo is down
The screen is up
145
The screen is down
Number 5 is shown
The Micro:bit board is tilt to the left
Number 6 is displayed
The Micro:bit board is tilt to the right
Number7 is displayed
When the Micro:bit board is free fall
LED dot matrix shows 8
Click“JavaScript", you will view the corresponding JavaScript code:
146
Code 2：
Detect the value of acceleration speed at x, y and z axis
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Accelerometer-2
Code/Project 7：Accelerometer-2
147
A. Go to“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial redirect to USB”
B. Drag it into“on start”
******************************************************************************
A. Enter“Serial”→“serial write value x =0”
B. Leave it into“forever”block
**************************************************************************A.
Click“Input”→“acceleration(mg) x”；
B. Keep it into“0”box and capitalize the“x”
*****************************************************************************
Go to“Basic”and move out “ pause (ms) 100 ” below the block
, then set to 100ms.
148
*****************************************************************************
Replicate code string
for 3 times and keep them into“forever”block，separately set the whole
code string as follows:
149
Complete Program：
“on start”: command block runs

once to start program.
Serial redirects to USB
Serial write value “X”=acceleration

value on x axis
Serial write value “Y”=acceleration
value on y axis
Serial write value “Z”=acceleration
value on z axis
Click “ JavaScript" to view the corresponding JavaScript code:
Download code 1 to micro:bit board, keep USB cable connected and click
150
(How to quick download?)
After referring to the MMA8653FC data manual and the hardware
schematic diagram of the Micro: Bit main board V2, the accelerometer
coordinate of the Micro: Bit V2 motherboard are shown in the figure below:
151
The following interface shows the decomposition value of acceleration in X
axis, Y axis and Z axis respectively, as well as acceleration synthesis
(acceleration synthesis of gravity and other external forces).
152
If you're running Windows 7 or 8 instead of Windows 10, via Google
Chrome won't be able to match devices. You'll need to use the CoolTerm
serial monitor software to read data.
You could open CoolTerm software, click Options, select SerialPort, set
COM port and put baud rate to 115200 (after testing, the baud rate of USB
153
SerialPort communication on Micro: Bit main board V2 is 115200), click OK,
and Connect. The CoolTerm serial monitor shows the data of X axis, Y axis
and Z axis , as shown in the figures below :
(4)Test Results:
After uploading the test code 1 to micro:bit main board V2 and powering
the board via the USB cable, if we shake the Micro: Bit main board V2. no
matter at any direction, the LED dot matrix displays the digit “1”.
154
When it is kept upright （make its logo above the LED dot matrix）, the
number 2 shows.
When it is kept upside down( make its logo below the LED dot matrix) , it
shows as below.
When it is placed still on the desk, showing its front side, the number 4
appears.
When it is placed still on the desk, showing its back side, the number 5
exhibits.
When the board is tilted to the left , the LED dot matrix shows the number
155
6 as shown below.
When the board is tilted to the right , the LED dot matrix displays the
number 7 as shown below
When the board is knocked to the floor, this process can be considered as
a free fall and the LED dot matrix shows the number 8. (please note that
this test is not recommended for it may damage the main board.)
Attention: if you’d like to try this function, you can also set the
acceleration to 3g, 6g or 8g. But still ,we do not recommend.
156
Project 8: Light Detection
In this project, we focus on the light detection function of the Micro: Bit
main board V2. It is achieved by the LED dot matrix since the main board is
not equipped with a photoresistor.
When the light irradiates the LED matrix, the voltage change will be
produced. Therefore, we could determine the light intensity by voltage
change.
(3)Test Code
157
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 8：Light
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Detection
Code/Project 8：Light Detection
(1)A. Enter“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial redirect to USB”;
B. Drag it into“on start”block.
***************************************************************************
(2) A. Go to“Serial”→“serial write value x =0”;
B. Move it into“forever”
A. Click“Input”→“acceleration(mg) x”
B. Put“acceleration(mg) x”in the“0”box and change “x”into“Light
intensity”.
158
***************************************************************************
A. Click“Basic”→“pause (ms) 100”;
B. Lay it down into“forever”and set to 100ms.
***************************************************************************
Complete Program：
159
Serial redirects to USB
Serial write value “Light intensity”
= light level
Delay in 100ms
Click“JavaScript" to switch into the corresponding JavaScript code:
160
(4) Test Results：
Download code to micro:bit board don’t plug off USB cable and click
The intensity value is 0 when covering LED dot matrix. And the value varies
with the light intensity. When placing micro:bit under the sunlight, the
stronger the light is, the larger the intensity value is. As shown below:
161
Open“CoolTerm”, click“Options”to select “SerialPort”, and set
“COM” port and 115200 baud rate(the baud rate of USB serial
communication of micro:bit is 115200 through the test).
Then click“OK”and“Connect”.
The light intensity value is shown below:
162
Project 9: Speaker
163
The Micro: Bit main board V2 has an built-in speaker, which makes adding
sound to the programs easier. We can program the speaker to air all kinds
of tones, like playing the son Ode to Joy.
(3)Test Code:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 9：Speaker
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project
Code/Project 9：Speaker
164
Enter“Basic”module to find “show icon”and drag it into“on start”
block;
Click the little triangle to find “ ”
******************************************************************************
(2) Enter“Music”module to find and drug“play sound giggle until done”
into “forever”block;
Enter“Basic”module to find and drug“pause(ms) 100” into “forever”
block ;
Change 100 into 1000;
( 3 ) Copy three times and place it into
165
“forever” block ;
Click the little triangle to select “happy”,”hello”,”yawn”;
******************************************************
166
Complete Program：
Select “JavaScript" and “Python” to switch into JavaScript and Python
language code:
167
(4)Test Results:
After uploading the test code to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
board via the USB cable, the speaker utters sound and the LED dot matrix
shows the logo of music.
168
Project 10: Touch-sensitive Logo
The Micro: Bit main board V2 is equipped with a golden touch-sensitive
logo, which can act as an input component and function like an extra
button.
It contains a capacitive touch sensor that senses small changes in the
electric field when pressed (or touched), just like your phone or tablet
screen do.When you press it , you can activate the program.
(3)Test Code
169
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 9：Speaker.hex
10：Touch-sensitive Logo
( 1 ) Delete block“on start”and“forever”;
( 2 )Enter“Input”module to find and drag“on logo pressed” ;
Click the little triangle to find“touched”;
( 3 ) Enter module“Variables”→choose“Make a Variable”→input“start”
→click“OK”
The variable“start”is established;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag “set start to 0” into “on logo
170
touched”block;
( 4 )Enter“Input”module →click “more”→ find and drag“running
time(ms)”into the“0”of“set start to 0”block;
( 5 )Enter“Basic”module to find and drag“show icon ” into “on logo
touched”block;
( 6 )Enter“Input”module to find and drag“on logo pressed”→choose
“released”→ establish variable “time”;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag “set time to 0”into “on logo
pressed”block;
Enter“Math”module to find and drag “0-0”into the “0”of“set start to
0”block;
171
( 7 )Enter“Input”module→ “more” → find and drag “running time(ms)”
into “0”on the left side of “0-0”;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“start” into “0”on the right
side of “0-0”;
( 8 )Enter“Basic”module to find and drag“show number” into “on logo
released”block;
Enter“Math”module to find and drag“square root 0” into“0”; Click the
little triangle to find”integer÷”;
( 9 ) Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“time”into“0”on the left
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side of “ 0-0 ” and change the “ 0 ” on the right side to ” 1000 ” ;
Complete Program：
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language code:
(4)Test Results:
After uploading the test code to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
board via the USB cable, the LED dot matrix exhibits the heart pattern
when the touch-sensitive logo is pressed or touched and displays digit
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when the logo is released.
Project 11: Microphone
The Micro: Bit main board V2 is built with a microphone which can test the
volume of ambient environment. When you clap, the microphone LED
indicator turns on. Since it can measure the intensity of sound, you can
make a noise scale or disco lighting changing with music. The microphone
is placed on the opposite side of the microphone LED indicator and in
proximity with holes that lets sound pass.When the board detects sound,
the LED indicator lights up.
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(3)Test Code
Code 1
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Microphone-1.hex
11：Microphone-1
(1 ) Delete block“on start”and“forever”;
( 2 ) Enter“Input”module to find and drag“on loud sound”;
Enter“Basic”module to find and drag “show number”into “on loud
sound”block ;
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( 3 )Copy once;
Click the little triangle of “lond” to choose”quiet”;
Click the little triangle of “ ” to choose” ”;
Complete Program：
language code:
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(4)Test Results 1:
After uploading test code to micro:bit main board V2 and powering the
board via the USB cable, the LED dot matrix displays pattern “ ”when
you claps and pattern when it is quiet around.(How to download?
How to quick download?)
Code 2:
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Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Microphone-2.hex
11：Microphone-2
Enter“Advanced”module→ choose“Serial”to find and drag“serial redirect
to USB”into “on start”block ;
Enter “ Variables ” module → choose “ Make a Variable ” → input
“maxSound”→click “OK”,variable ”maxSound”is established;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“set maxSound to 0”into “on
start”block ;
Enter“Logic”module to find and drag“if true then...else”into “forever”
block ;
Enter“Input”module to find and dragbutton A is pressed”into “then” ;
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Enter“Basic”module to find and drag“show number”into “then” ;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“maxSound”into “0” ;
Establish variable“soundLevel”;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“set soundLevel to 0”into
“else”;
Enter“Input”module to find and drag“sound level” into “0”;
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Enter“Led”module to find and drag“plot bar graph of 0 up to 0”
into “else”;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“soundLevel”into the“0”behind
“of”;
Change the “0”behind “up” to “255”;
Enter“Logic”module to find and drag“if true then”into “else”block ;
Enter“Logic”module to find and drag“0 > 0”into “then” ;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“soundLevel”into “0”on the
left side of “0-0” ;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“maxSound” into “0”
on the right side;
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Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“set maxSound to 0”into the
second “then” ;
Enter“Variables”module to find and drag“soundLevel”into the “0” ;
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Complete Program：
language code:
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(5)Test Results 2:
Upload test code to micro:bit main board V2, power the board via the USB
cable and click “Show console Device”as shown below.
( How to quick download?)
When the sound is louder around, the sound value shows in the serial port
is bigger as shown below.
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What’s more, when pressing the button A, the LED dot matrix displays the
value of the biggest volume( please note that the biggest volume can be
reset via the Reset button on the other side of the board ) while when
clapping, the LED dot matrix shows the pattern of the sound.
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Project 12: Bluetooth Wireless Communication
The Micro: Bit main board V2 comes with a nRF52833 processor (with a
built-in BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) device Bluetooth 5.1 ) and a 2.4GHz
antenna for Bluetooth wireless communication and 2.4GHz wireless
communication. With the help of them, the board is able to communicate
with a variety of Bluetooth devices, including smart phones and tablets.
In this project, we mainly concentrate on the Bluetooth wireless
communication function of this main board. Linked with Bluetooth, it can
transmit code or signals. To this end, we should connect an Apple device (a
phone or an iPad) to the board.
Since setting up Android phones to achieve wireless transmission is similar
to that of Apple devices, no need to illustrate again.
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(3)Procedures:
For Apple devices, enter this link
https://www.microbit.org/get-started/user-guide/ble-ios/ with your
computer first, and then click “Download pairing HEX file”to download
the Micro: Bit firmware to a folder or desk, and upload the downloaded
firmware to the Micro: Bit main board V2.
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189
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Search “micro bit”in your App Store to download the APP micro:bit.
Connect your Apple device with Micro: Bit main board V2:
Firstly, turn on the Bluetooth of your Apple device and open the APP
micro:bit to select item “Choose micro:bit”to start pairing Bluetooth.
Please make sure that the Micro: Bit main board V2 and your computer are
still linked via the USB cable.
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Secondly, click“Pair a new micro:bit”;
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Following the instructions to press button A and B at the same time(do not
release them until you are told to) and press Reset & Power button for a
few seconds.
Release the Reset & Power button, you will see a password pattern shows
on the LED dot matrix. Now , release buttons A and B and click Next.
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194
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Set the password pattern on your Apple device as the same pattern
showed on the matrix and click Next.
Still click Next and a dialog box props up as shown below. Then click "Pair".
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A few seconds later, the match is done and the LED dot matrix displays the
"√" pattern.
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After the match with Bluetooth, write and upload code with the App.
Click “Create Code” to enter the programming page and write code.
Click and the box appears, and
then select “Create √”.
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200
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Name the code as “1 “and click to save it.
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Click the third item“Flash”to enter the uploading page. The default code
program for uploading is the one saved just now and named "1" and then
click the other "Flash" to upload the code program "1".
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204
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If the code is uploaded successfully a few seconds later, the App will
emerge as below and the LED dot matrix of the Micro: Bit main board V2
will exhibit a heart pattern.
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Projects above all conduct with the built-in sensors and the LED dot matrix
of the main board while the following ones will carry out with the help of
external sensors of this turtle car.
（Attention：to avoid burning the the Micro:bit main board V2, please
remove the USB cable and the external power from the board before
fix it with the shield of the car; likewise, the USB cable and the external
power should be cut from the main board before disconnect the shield
from the board.)
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Project 13：Colorful Lights
This module consists of a commonly used LED with 7colors but in white
appearance. It can automatically flash different colors to create fantastic
light effects when high level is input like a normal LED.
➢ Insert micro:bit board into slot of keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
➢ Place batteries into battery holder
➢ Dial power switch to ON end
➢ Connect micro:bit to computer by USB cable
Import Hex profile (How to import?) , or click“New Project”and drag
blocks step by step(add MecanumRobot extension library first)
(How to add Mecanum_Robot extension?)
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(3)Test Code
Code1
Make the RGB light flash 7 lights alternatively.
Code path:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 13：Colorful
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Lights-1.hex
13：Colorful Lights-1.hex
(1) Click“MecanumRobot”→find and drag 指
to“on start”;
Copy once;
Click the little triangle behind “ Left ” to choose “ Right ” ：
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Compete Program:
....................①run“on start”once to start the program
....................②open the colorful light on the left of the car
....................③open the colorful light on the right of the car
Click“JavaScript" to view the corresponding JavaScript code: ：
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Code 2：
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Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 13：Colorful
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Lights-2.hex
13：Colorful Lights-2.hex
(1) click“MecanumRobot” to find and drag
to“forever”;
Copy once;
Click the little triangle behind “ Left ” to choose “ Right ” ：
(2) Click“Basic”to find and drag and tap the little triangle
to choose “1 second” ;
Copy once and choose OFF
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;
Put them in forever.
Complete Program:
① In the "forever" instruction block, the program

runs cyclically.
②Turn on the 2 colorful lights of the car.
③Wait for 1 second
④Turn off the 2 colorful lights of the car.
⑤Wait for 1 second
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(4)Test Results:
Download code 1 to micro:bit board and dial POWER switch to ON end, 2
RGB lights of smart car emit red, green, blue, indigo, dark red, yellow and
white color cyclically.
Download code 2 to micro:bit board, 2 RGB lights show different color
cyclically.
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Project 14：WS2812 RGB LEDs
The driver shield cooperates 4 pcs WS2812 RGB LEDs, compatible with
micro:bit board and controlled by P8. In this lesson, we will make RGB LEDs
display different colors by P8. In this lesson, 3 sets of test code are
provided to make the 4 WS2812 RGB LEDs display different effects.
(3)Test Code
Code 1：
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Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 14：WS2812
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project RGB LEDs-1.hex
14：WS2812 RGB LEDs-1.hex
a. Enter“Neopixel” →“set strip to Neopixel at pin P0 with 24 leds as RGB
(GRB format)”
b. Place it into“on start”block，
c. Signal end P8 of WS2812 RGB is controlled by P8 of micro:bit . So we set
to P8.
d. Smart car has 4 pcs WS2812 RGB lights, so set to 4 leads
Click“Neopixel”to move block“strip clear”into“on start”block.
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Enter“Neopixel”to move block“strip show color red” into “forever” block
Click“Basic”to move“pause (ms) 100”block into“forever”block
Then set to 1000ms
Copy code string for eight times, and click red to
respectively set to orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, purple and
white.
Tap the triangle icon to select orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet,
purple and white.
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Complete Code
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.“on start”: command block runs once to start program.
Set strip to Neopixel at pin P8 with 4 leads as RGB
Turn off 4pcs WS2812 RGB lights
All RGB lights show red color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show orange color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show yellow color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show green color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show blue color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show indigo color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show violet color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show purple color
Delay in 1000ms
All RGB lights show white color
Delay in 1000ms
Click “ JavaScript" to switch into the corresponding JavaScript code:
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Code 2：
(GRB format)”
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to P8.
d. Smart car has 4 pcs WS2812 RGB lights, so set to 4 leads
Click“Loops”to drag“for index from 0 to 4...do”into“forever”block
Change 4 into 3
Click“Neopixel”to move block“strip clear”into block“for index from 0 to
3...do”
Tap“Neopixel”→“more”→“strip set pixel color at 0 to red”
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Place it into“for index from 0 to 3...do”block
Click“Variables”to move“index”into 0 box
(5) Click“Neopixel”to move“strip show”into“for index from 0 to 3...do”
block
(6) Tap“Basic”to move “pause (ms) 100”block into“index from 0 to 3...do”
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Replicate code string for eight
times and place them into“forever”block
Click red to respectively choose orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet,
purple and white
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Complete Code：
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Set strip to Neopixel at pin p8 with 4 leads as RGB
For index from 0 to 3, execute the program under do block
Turn off 4 pcs WS2812 RGB lights
Set index of WS2812 RGB lights to red color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set index of WS2812 RGB lights to orange color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set index of WS2812 RGB lights to yellow color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
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.For index from 0 to 3, execute the program under do block
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to green color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to blue color
strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to indigo color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Turn off all RGB on strip
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to violet color
Set all RGB lights to show violet color
Strip displays all changes

Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to purple color

Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to white color

Delay in 100ms
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Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to violet color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to purple color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
Set the index of WS2812 RGB lights to white color
Strip shows
Delay in 100ms
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Code 3：
(GRB format)”
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to P8.
d. Smart car has 4 pcs WS2812 RGB lights, set to 4 leads
Click“Variables”→“Make a Variable...”
Input R to build up variable R
We create variable“G”and“B”in same way
Drag“set B to 0”into“on start”block
Copy“set B to 0”twice and click triangle button to choose G and B
Click“Loops”to get block“for index from 0 to 4...do”
Leave it into “forever”and change 4 into 3
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Move block“set B to 0”into“for index from 0 to 3...do”block,
Click B to choose R
Go to“Math”to drag block“pick random 0 to 10”into 0 box
Change 0 into 10, 10 into 255
Replicate block twice and place them into“for
index from 0 to 3...do”block.
Click R to select G and B
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Tap“Neopixel”and move“strip clear”into“for index from 0 to 3...do” block.
Go to“Neopixel”→“more”→“strip set pixel color at 0 to red”
Leave it in the block“for index from 0 to 3...do”block
Drag block“red 255 green 255 blue 255”into“red”box
Tap“Variables”to move“index”block into 0 box
Separately drag R , G and B into 255 box, as shown below:
Click“Basic”to drag“pause (ms) 100” under block “strip.....B”
Set to 500ms.
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Click“Neopixel”to move“strip show”block under “pause(as) 500”
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Complete Code:
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Set strip to Neopixel at pin p8 with 4 leads as RGB(GRB format)
Set variable R to 0
Set variable G to 0
Set variable B to 0
When the value of index is in 0-3, execute the program under do block
Set variable R to random number in 10-255
Set variable G to random number in 10-255
Set variable B to random number in 10-255

Set index of 4 pcs WS2812 RGB lights to RGB(red, green, blue)
Delay in 500ms
Strip shows
Click “ JavaScript" to switch into the corresponding JavaScript code:
(4)Test Results:
Download code 1 to micro：bit, and dial POWER to ON end. All four
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WS2812RGB LEDs light up a different color a time cyclically.
Download code 2 to micro：bit, WS2812RGB LEDs display like flow light.
Download code 3 to micro：bit, every WS2812RGB light shows random
color one by one.
Project 15：Servo
For those DIY smart cars, they often have the
function of automatic obstacle avoidance. In the
DIY process, we need a servo to control the
ultrasonic module to rotate left and right, and
then detect the distance between the car and the obstacle, so as to control
the car to avoid the obstacle. If other microcontrollers are used to control
the rotation of the servo, we need to set a certain frequency and a certain
width of pulse to control the servo angle. But if the micro:bit main board is
used to control the servo angle, we only need to set the control angle in
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the development environment where the corresponding pulse will be
automatically set to control the servo rotation. In this project, you will learn
how to control the servo to rotate back and forth between 0° and 90°.
(2)Background Information of the Servo
Servo motor is a position control rotary actuator. It mainly consists of
housing, circuit board, core-less motor, gear and position sensor. Its
working principle is that the servo receives the signal sent by MCU or
receiver, and produces a reference signal with a period of 20ms and width
of 1.5ms, then compares the acquired DC bias voltage to the voltage of the
potentiometer and obtains the voltage difference output.
For the servo used in this project, the brown wire is
the ground, the red one is the positive wire, and the
orange one is the signal wire.
The rotation angle of servo motor is controlled by regulating the duty cycle
of PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) signal. The standard cycle of PWM
signal is 20ms (50Hz). Theoretically, the width is distributed
between 1ms-2ms, but in fact, it's between 0.5ms-2.5ms. The width
corresponds to the rotation angle from 0° to 180°. But note that for
different brand motor, the same signal may have different rotation angle.
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More details:
(3)Parameters:
◆ Working voltage: DC 4.8V ~ 6V
◆ Operating angle range: about 180 ° (at 500 → 2500 μsec)
◆ Pulse width range: 500 → 2500 μsec
◆ No-load speed: 0.12 ± 0.01 sec / 60 (DC 4.8V) 0.1 ± 0.01 sec / 60 (DC
6V)
◆ No-load current: 200 ± 20mA (DC 4.8V) 220 ± 20mA (DC 6V)
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◆ Stopping torque: 1.3 ± 0.01kg · cm (DC 4.8V) 1.5 ± 0.1kg · cm (DC
6V)
◆ Stop current: ≦ 850mA (DC 4.8V) ≦ 1000mA (DC 6V)
◆ Standby current: 3 ± 1mA (DC 4.8V) 4 ± 1mA (DC 6V)
(5)Test Code:
Code path:
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Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 15：Servo.hex
15：Servo.hex
(1)Click“Variables”; motor“Make a Variable name”create a variable named
“angle”; set the value to 0： ; and then put it into
“on start” ;
(2)Click“Loops”to find and drag to“forever”
and change the number to“180”; click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag
and put variable “ angle ” into
; put into
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;
Click of “ Variable ” and of
“Math”;put variable”angle” on the left and change the umber on the
right to 1: ;put it into ：
Put behind and add delay in 10ms
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Copy once and change the “+”
of to “-”： .
Complete Program:
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① The "on start" command block runs only once to
start the program.
②Set the initial value of the angle variable to 0.
③In the "forever" command box, the program runs

cyclically
④Cycle 180 times
⑤Rotate the servo to angle
⑥ Angle variable increases 1
⑦ Delay in 10ms
⑧ Cycle 180 times
⑨The servo rotates to angle
⑩Angle angle variable minus 1

⑪ Delay in 10ms
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(6)Test Results:
After uploading the test code and dial POWER switch to ON end, the servo
rotates from 0 degree to 180 degrees.
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Project 16：Motor
The Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car is equipped with 4 DC reduction
motors, also called gear reduction motor, which is developed on the
ordinary DC motor. It has a matching gear reduction box which provides a
lower speed but a larger torque. Furthermore, different reduction ratios of
the box can provide different speeds and torques.
Gear motor is the integration of gearmotor and motor, which is applied
widely in steel and machine industry
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Micro:bit motor driver shield comes with PCA9685PW and TB6612FNG
chip. In order to save the IO port resource, we control the rotation direction
and speed of two DC gear motors with TB6612FNG chip.
Details about chips:
Front
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Back
249
250
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(How to add MecanumRobot extension?)
(3)Test Code：
Code 1：
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Motor-1.hex
16：Motor-1.hex
(1)Click “ MecanumRobot ” to find and drag
into “ forever ” ;click the number
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behind speed to choose 75 ;
(2)Copy four times;click the little
triangle behind “Motor”to choose Lower_left，Upper_right，Lower_right
respectively; and put them all in forever
(2)Click“Basic”to find and drag“pause (ms) 100”to“forever”;set delay
in 2000ms ;
(3)Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag to
; copy once and put it behind
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Complete Program:
① In the "forever" instruction block, the program runs
cyclically.
② Set the front left motor speed to 75, and rotate
clockwise.
③Set the speed of the rear left motor to 75 and the
direction to rotate clockwise.
④Set the front right motor speed to 75 and the direction
to rotate clockwise.
⑤Set the right rear motor speed to 75 and the direction to
rotate clockwise
⑥The delay time is 2000 milliseconds
⑦4 motors stop rotating
⑧ Delay time 2000 milliseconds

⑦4 motors stop rotating
⑧ Delay time 2000 milliseconds
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Code2：
Code path:
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Motor-2.hex
16：Motor-2.hex
255
(1) Drag and copy three times; click

the little triangle behind”run”to choose as shown
256
And then put they all in forever and add .
Complete Program:
① In the "forever" instruction block, the program

runs cyclically.
② Set the front left motor speed to 75 and th
direction to rotate forward.
③Set the speed of the rear left motor to 75 and th
④Set the front right motor speed to 75 and th
⑤ Set the right rear motor speed to 75 and th
⑥Wait for 2 seconds
⑦ Set the front left motor speed to 75, and th
direction is reversed.
⑧ Set the motor speed at the rear left to 75, and th
⑨Set the front right motor speed to 75, and th
⑩ Set the right rear motor speed to 75, and th
⑪Wait for 2 seconds
⑫ Set the front left motor speed to 75, and th
⑬Set the motor speed at the rear left to 75, and th
⑭ Set the front right motor speed to 75 and th
⑮ Set the right rear motor speed to 75, the directio
is forward.
⑯Wait for 2 seconds
⑰ Set the front left motor speed to 75 and th
⑱ Set the speed of the rear left motor to 75 and th
⑲Set the front right motor speed to 75, and th
⑳ Set the right rear motor speed to 75, and th
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㉑Wait for 2 seconds
㉒The car stops
㉓Wait for 2 seconds
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(4)Test Results:
Download code 1 to micro:bit board, dial POWER switch to ON end. Smart
car goes forward for 2s and stops for 2s.
Download code 2 to micro:bit board, the car goes forward for 2s, turns
back for 2s, turn left for 2s, turn right for 2s and stops for 2s and repeats
this pattern.
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Project 17：Line Tracking Sensor
17.1: Detect Line Tracking Sensor
The motor driving board of the Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
comes with a dual-channel line tracking sensors which adopt TCRT5000 IR
tubes and 2 potentiometers.
TCRT5000 IR tube has an IR emitting tube and a receiving tube.
Low level(0) is output when IR transmitting tube emits IR signals to
receiving tube; high level(1) will be output when smart car runs along black
line.
When smart car drives on the white ground, TCRT5000 IR tube will emit IR
signals which will be reflected by white ground and received by receiving
tube, consequently output low level(0); on the contrary, when driving on
the black surface, the high level is output.
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(2)Working Principle:
When the car runs above a white road, the infrared transmitter tube
installed under the car emits infrared signals to detect the road and the
receiver tube receives signals sending back. Then the output end outputs
low level(0); when it detects black lines, it outputs high level(1).
The 2-way tracking sensor integrated port on the 4WD Mecanum Robot
Car is connected to the collection port of G ,5V ,P1 and P2 on the micro:bit
expansion board, which is controlled by the P1 and P2 of the micro:bit. The
left TCRT5000 infrared pair tube on the sensor is controlled by P1, and the
right one by P2.
After putting a white paper on the bottom of the 4WD Mecanum Robot
Car,we rotate the two potentiometers on the 2-way tracking sensor. When
the indicator light on the sensor module is on, pick up the car to make the
two wheels on the 4WD Mecanum Robot Car separate. The height of the
white paper is about 1.5cm, the indicator light on the sensor module is off,
and then the sensitivity is adjusted.
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(4)Test Code:
Code1：
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 17.1：Detect
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Line Tracking Sensor-1
17.1：Detect Line Tracking
Sensor-1
Click“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial redirect to USB”
Place it into“on start”
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Enter“Advanced”→“Serial”→
Leave it into“forever”block.
Go to“Pins”→“digital read pin P0 ”
Move“digital read pin P0”into 0 box
The right tracking sensor is controlled by P14. Then change P0 into P14
and“x”into“digital signal”.
(2) Click“Advanced”→“Serial”to find and drag t
“forever”;
input”left:” and drag it again;
Click “ MecanumRobot ” to find and drag to
Copy once and change ”left:” to “ right:”
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Copy once and change Leftto Right
Drag ;
(3) Click“Basic”to find and drag“pause (ms) 100”to“forever”and set delay
in 200ms:
Complete Program:
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① The "on start" command block runs only once to start
program.
②Serial redirection USB.
③In the "forever" instruction block, the program runs cyclically.

④Write string "left:" serially
⑤Serially write the output value of the tracking sensor on the le
⑥Serial write string "right:"

⑦Serially write the output value of the tracking sensor on the ri
⑧Writing in line break
⑨ Delay time 200 milliseconds
115200 baud rate. Click“OK”and“Connect”.
The CoolTerm serial monitor displays the digital signals read by right line
tracking sensors.
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Code 2：
Code path:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 17.1：Detect
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Line Tracking Sensor-2
17.1：Detect Line Tracking
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Sensor-2
（1）Click“Variables” and then click“Make a Variable...”;
The dialog box“New variable name：”pops up and fill it with “LL”;
Click“OK”to establish variable“LL”;
To establish variable “RR” in the same way;
Find and drag“set RR to 0”to“on start”;
Copy“set RR to 0”once and place it to “on start”;
Click the little triangle behind “RR” to choose “LL”:
(3) Click“Variables”to find and drag “set RR to 0”to“forever”;
Click the little triangle behind “RR”to choose LL；
Click “ MecanumRobot ” to find and drag to the
“0”behind “to”;
Copy once and place it to“forever”指
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and change the second “LL”to “RR”, and ”Left”to ”Right”:
(4) Click“Logic”to find and drag“if true then...else”to“forever”;
Click“ ”twice and find and drag an“and”to “true”;
Drag a“=”to “and”:
(5) Click“Variables”to find and drag“LL”to the left side of“=”;the 0 on
the right of“=”remains unchanged;
268
Copy“LL”1 once and place it to the right of“and”;
Click the little triangle behind“LL”to choose“RR”and change the
“0”to“1”:
(6)Click“Basic”to find and drag“show leds”to the first”then”; Click the blocks
to form pattern“←”:
269
(7)copy“LL=0 and RR=1”once and place it behind the first“else if”,
change the first 0 to 1, and the first 0 behind LL to 1; others remain
unchanged:
270
(8) Click“Basic”to find and drag“show leds”to the second “then”;
Click the blocks to form pattern →”:
271
(9)Copy“LL=1 and RR=0”once and place it to “else if” and change the
first number 1 behind LL to 0:
272
(10)Click“Basic”to find and drag“show leds”to the third else;
Click these blocks to form the pattern “×”:
273
(11)Click“Basic”to find and drag“show leds”to else;
Click these blocks to form the pattern“×”:
274
Complete Program:
275
① The "on start" command block runs only once to s
program.
②Set the variable LL to 0
③Set variable RR to 0
④ In the "forever" instruction block, the progra

cyclically.
⑤Set the variable LL to the digital signal read on

(1/0)
⑥Set the variable RR to the digital signal read on th
(1/0)
⑦ When the variables LL=0 and RR=1 are esta
execute the program under then
⑧The left side of the LED dot matrix displays the "←"
⑨ When the variables LL=1 and RR=0 are esta

⑩The "→" pattern is displayed on the left of the L

matrix
⑪ When the variables LL=0 and RR=0 are esta

⑫The "×" pattern is displayed on the left side of the

matrix
⑬ When the above conditions are not met, exec

program under else

⑭The "↑" pattern ：
is displayed on the left side of the
matrix
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(5)Test Results:
Download code 2 to the micro:bit, when only the left TCRT5000 infrared
pair tube on the line tracking sensor detects a white object, the micro bit
LED dot matrix displays a "←" pattern, and the indicator light on the left
side of the tracking sensor lights up;
When only the right TCRT5000 infrared pair tube on the sensor detects a
white object, the micro bit LED dot matrix displays a "→" pattern, and the
indicator light on the right side of the tracking sensor lights up;
277
17.2: Line Tracking Smart Car
In this lesson we will combine line tracking sensors with a motor to make a
line tracking smart car.
The micro:bit board will analyze the signals and control smart car to show
line tracking function.
(2)The Working Principle
The smart car will make different moves according to the value received by
the 3 channel line tracking sensor.
Left/Right TCRT5000 4WD Mecanum Ro
IR Tunes（Level） bot Car
LOW（0） HIGH（1） Turn Right
HIGH（1） LOW（0） Turn Left
HIGH（1） HIGH（1） Go forward
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LOW（0） LOW（0） Stop
Warning: The 2-way tracking sensor should be used in environments
without infrared interference such as sunlight. Sunlight contains a lot of
invisible light, such as infrared and ultraviolet. In an environment with
strong sunlight, the 2-way tracking sensor cannot work properly.
(3)Flow Chart:
279
Start
Line tracking sensors

obtain the detected
vale
The left sensor

detects 0, the right No
one detects1
Yes
The left sensor
detects 1, the right No
Turn right one detects 0
Yes
Both of sensors
Turn left No
detect 0
Yes
Stop Go forward
(4)Test Code:
Code path:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 17.2：Line
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Tracking Smart Car.hex
17.2：Line Tracking Smart Car.hex
No need to create variable LL and RR but use
280
and to decide:
Click Functions” of ”Advance”and then tap“Make a Function”:
;change“doSomething”to “car_forward”，
“car_back”，“car_left”，“car_right”respectively:
281
282
Click “Functions”of ”Advance”to find and drag to the first
if and drag to the first else if;
Find and drag to the last else;
Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag to the second else if:
283
Complete Program:
284
①forward function
②The front left motor rotates forward at a
speed of 40
③The motor at the rear left rotates forward
at a speed of 40
④The front right motor rotates forward at a
speed of 40
⑤The rear right motor rotates forward at a
speed of 40
⑥Backward function
⑦The front left motor reverses, the speed is
40
⑧The rear left motor reverses, the speed is
40
⑨The front right motor reverses, the speed
is 40
⑩The rear right motor reverses, the speed is
40
⑪Left turn function
⑫The front left motor reverses, the speed is
60
⑬The rear left motor reverses at a speed of
60
⑭ The front right motor rotates forward,
the speed is 85
⑮ The right rear motor rotates forward,
the speed is 85
⑯ right turn function
⑰ The front left motor rotates forward,
the speed is 85
⑱ The rear left motor rotates forward, the
speed is 85
⑲ The front right motor reverses, the
speed is 60
⑳ The rear right motor reverses, the
speed is 60
285
286
Click“JavaScript"to view the corresponding JavaScript code:
(5)Test Results:
Download code to micro:bit and dial POWER to ON end, line tacking car
goes forward along black line .
Note: turn on the switch at the back of micro:bit car.
the width of black line should be larger than the width of line tracking
sensor.
Avoid to test smart car under the strong light.
287
Project 18: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car
18.1: Ultrasonic Ranging
The ultrasonic sensor uses sonar to determine distance to an object like
bats do. It offers excellent non-contact range detection with high accuracy
and stable readings in an easy-to-use package. It comes complete with
ultrasonic transmitter and receiver modules.
The ultrasonic sensor is being used in a wide range of electronics projects
for creating obstacle detection and distance measuring application as well
as various other applications.
As the above picture shown, it is like two eyes. One is transmitting end, the
other is receiving end.
The ultrasonic module will emit the ultrasonic waves after trigger signal.
When the ultrasonic waves encounter the object and are reflected back,
the module outputs an echo signal, so it can determine the distance of
object from the time difference between trigger signal (TRIG)and echo
signal(ECHO).
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According to the above wiring diagram, the integrated port of the
ultrasonic sensor module is connected to the 5V G P15 P16 port on the
micro:bit motor drive backplane. The Trig (T) pin is controlled by P15 of the
micro:bit and the pin of Echo (E) the P16.
(2)Working Principle:
Pull down TRIG then trigger high level signals with least 10us
After triggering, the module will automatically send eight 40KHz ultrasonic
pulses and detect whether there is a signal return.
289
The propagation speed of sound in the air is about 340m/s, therefore,
distance = speed * time, because the ultrasonic wave emits and comes
back, which is 2 times of distance, so it needs to be divided by 2, the
distance measured by ultrasonic wave = (speed * time)/2
(3)Parameters:
◆ Working voltage: 3-5.5V (DC)
◆ Working current: 15mA
◆ Working frequency: 40khz
◆ Maximum detection distance: about 3m
◆ Minimum detection distance: 2-3cm
◆ Precision: up to 0.2cm
◆ Sensing angle: less than 15 degrees
◆ Input trigger pulse: 10us TTL level
◆ Output echo signal: output TTL level signal (high), proportional to range
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(5)Test Code:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 18.1：
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Ultrasonic Ranging.hex
18.1： Ultrasonic Ranging.hex
(1)Tap“Advanced”→“Serial” →“serial redirect to USB”
Combine it with“on start”block
(2)Click“Advanced”→“Serial” to find and drag“serial write value x=0”
into“forever”; Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag“Ultrasonic”to the
291
0 on the right side of“serial write value x=0”and change the x on the left
side of “=”to distance:
(2) find and drag of “Basic”,and change 100 to 200and
place it behind
Complete Program:
292
① The "on start" command block runs on
②Serial redirection USB
③In the "forever" instruction block, the pr
④Serial write value distance=Ultrasonic
⑤ Delay time 200 milliseconds
(6)Test Results:
Download code to micro:bit, keep USB cable connected, dial POWER switch
to ON end. The distance value will be displayed on monitor.
293
The monitor shows the distance between the obstacle and ultrasonic
sensor(as shown below). When the distance is less than 10cm, the passive
buzzer of smart car emits sound.
294
115200 baud rate(the baud rate of USB serial communication of Micro:bit is
115200 through the test). Click “OK” and “Connect”.
CoolTerm serial monitor displays the distance value as follows:
295
296
18.2: Ultrasonic Avoidance Car
We’ve learned the knowledge of obstacle avoidance sensor. In this
project, we will integrate ultrasonic sensor, and car expansion board to
make an ultrasonic avoidance car.
Its principle is to detect the distance between the car and obstacle by
ultrasonic sensor and control the motion of smart car.
297
(3)Flow Chart:
298
Start
Detect the distance

away from the obstacle
Distance＜20cm？
NO
YES
STOP Go forward
Servo rotates to the

left and obtains the
left distance
Servo rotates to the

right and obtains
the right distance
Left distance>Right
distance NO
YES
Servo rotates Servo rotates
90°， turn 90°， turn
left right
(4)Test Code:
Code path:
299
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Ultrasonic Avoidance
18.2： Ultrasonic Avoidance Car.hex
Car.hex
(1)Enter“Basic” →“show icon ♥”
Place it into“on start”and click the triangle button to select“ ” pattern
(4) Click“Variables” and then click“Make a Variable..., dialog box“New
variable name：”pops up;
Fill it with “distance”;
Click“OK”to establish variable“distance;
Set the functions of servo:
300
(5) Click“Variables”to find and drag“set distance to 0”to“forever”;
Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag“Ultrasonic”to the 0 behind
the”to”:
Find and drag“=”to “true”;
Click“Variables”to find and drag“distance”on the left of“=”;
Click the little triangle behind“=”to choose“<”;
Change the 2 behind “>”to 20:
301
(7) Click Funtionsto of “Advance”to find and drag ;
Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag to then;
Click“Basic”to find and change the 100 to 500:
302
(8) Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag and
change the 0 to 180;
Copy once;
Click“Variables”to find and drag“set distance_l to 0”;
Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag“Ultrasonic”to 0 behind “to”
Copy once;
303
(9) Copy once;
Change the 180 to 0, distance_l to distance_r and others remain
unchanged:
304
(10) Click“Logic”to find and drag“if true then...else”;
Find and drag“=”to true;
Click“Variables”to find and drag“distance_l to the left of “=”; Click the
little triangle behind“=”to choose“>”;
Change the 0 behind “>”to “distance_r”:
305
(11) Click Funtionsto of “Advance”to find and drag ;
Click“MecanumRobot”to find and drag ;
Change the 0 to 90;
Click“Basic”to find and drag and change the 100 to
300:
306
(12) Change to and place it in the first
“else”：
307
(11)Click “Funtionsto” of “Advance”to find and drag ，
and place it to the second “else”：
308
Complete Program:
309
310
311
(5)Test Results:
Download code to micro:bit, dial to ON end, and dial POWER to ON end.
When the obstacle distance is greater than 20cm, the car goes forward ; on
the contrary, smart car turns left.
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18.3: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car
In previous lesson, we’ve learned the basic principle of line tracking sensor.
Next, we will combine ultrasonic sensor with car shield to make an
ultrasonic follow car.
The ultrasonic sensor detects the obstacle distance and control the motion
status of car.
313
(3)Flow Chat:
314
Start
Servo rotates 90°， and

ultrasonic sensor obtains
the front detected distance
the front detected

NO
distance<10cm？
the front detected

NO
distance<20cm？
YES
YES
the front detected
Go back
distance<40cm？ NO
Stop YES
Go forward Stop
(4)Test Code:
Code path:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 18.3：Ultrasonic
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Follow Smart Car.hex
18.3：Ultrasonic Follow Smart
Car.hex
315
(1)Enter“Basic” →“show icon ”
Place it into“on start”and click the triangle button to select“ ” pattern。
(2)Click“ MecanumRobot”to find and drag to“on start”
and change the angle 0 to 90:
(1) Click“Variables” and then click“Make a Variable...”, the dialog box
“New variable name：”pops up; fill it with “distance”;
Click“OK”to establish variable“distance”;
Drag“set distance to 0” to “forever”;
Click“ MecanumRobot”to find and drag to the “0” of“set
distance to 0”:
316
Find and drag“=”to true;
Click“Variables”to find and drag“distance”to the left side of “=”;
Click the little triangle behind“=”to choose“<”;
Change the 0 behind “” to 10:
(5)Click “Funcions” of“ Advance”to find and drag to“then”:
317
(6)change the 10 to 20, car_back to car stop:
(7) change the 20 to 40，car stop to car forward;
318
Place car stop to the last”else”:
Complete Program:
319
320
(5)Test Results:
Download code to micro:bit, dial POWER switch to ON end on shield, smart
car could follow the obstacle to move.
321
Project 19：IR Remote Control
19.1：Decode IR Remote Control
There is no doubt that infrared remote control is ubiquitous in daily life. It
is used to control various household appliances, such as TVs, stereos, video
recorders and satellite signal receivers. Infrared remote control is
composed of infrared transmitting and infrared receiving systems, that is,
an infrared remote control and infrared receiving module and a single-chip
microcomputer capable of decoding.
The 38K infrared carrier signal emitted by remote controller is encoded by
the encoding chip in the remote controller. It is composed of a section of
pilot code, user code, user inverse code, data code, and data inverse code.
322
The time interval of the pulse is used to distinguish whether it is a 0 or 1
signal and the encoding is made up of these 0, 1 signals.
The user code of the same remote control is unchanged. The data code can
distinguish the key.
When the remote control button is pressed, the remote control sends out
an infrared carrier signal. When the IR receiver receives the signal, the
program will decode the carrier signal and determines which key is pressed.
The MCU decodes the received 01 signal, thereby judging what key is
pressed by the remote control.
Infrared receiver we use is an infrared receiver module. Mainly composed
of an infrared receiver head, it is a device that integrates reception,
amplification, and demodulation. Its internal IC has completed
demodulation, and can achieve from infrared reception to output and be
compatible with TTL signals. Additionally, it is suitable for infrared remote
control and infrared data transmission. The infrared receiving module
made by the receiver has only three pins, signal line, VCC and GND.
According to the picture above, the integrated port of the infrared receiver
is connected to the G port on the motor driver board and controlled by the
the P9 of the micro:bit.
323
(2)Parameters:
➢ Operating Voltage: 3.3-5V（DC）
➢ Interface: 3PIN
➢ Output Signal: Digital signal
➢ Receiving Angle: 90 degrees
➢ Frequency: 38khz
➢ Receiving Distance: about 5m
(4)Test Code:
324
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 19.1：Decode IR
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Remote Control.hex
19.1：Decode IR Remote
Control.hex
Click“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial redirect to USB”
Place it into“on start”block.
Enter“IrRemote”→“connect IR receiver at P0”
Put it into“on start”block
IR receiving module is controlled by P9 of micro:bit board, so click P0 to
select P9.
Go to“Variables”→“Make a Variable...”→ “New variable name：” dialog
box，
Enter“val”and click“OK”to create variable“val”
325
Then drag out“set val to 0”block into“forever”block.
Go to“Ir Remote”→“IR button”
Place it into 0 box
Click“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial write value“x”=0”
Put it into“forever”block
Change“x”into“IR”
Enter“Variables”to move block“val”into 0 box behind“=”
Drag out block“pause (ms) 100”from“Basic”and delay in 1000ms
Leave it into“forever”block
326
Complete Program：
Connect IR receiver to P9
The program under the block “forever” runs cyclically.
Set val to IR button
Serial port prints IR=val
Delay in 1000ms
327
Code explanation: when the buttons are not pressed, the serial monitor
constantly shows 0; when pressed, the corresponding key values are
displayed.
Notes：
The remote control in this kit is not inclusive of batteries. We recommend
you to purchase them online.(battery type:CR2025).
Make sure IR remote is good before test. There is a tip for you to check it.
Open the cellphone camera , make IR remote control point at camera and
press button. The remote control is good if you see the purple flashing
light in the camera.
Download code to micro: bit board and don’t plug off USB cable Click
328
Make IR remote control point at IR receiver and press the button, the serial
monitor will display the corresponding key values, as shown below：
329
CoolTerm serial monitor shows the key value as follows:
330
The key value is displayed as for your reference:
331
19.2：IR Remote Control
332
In this project, we combine IR remote control with car shield to make an IR
remote smart car. Its principle is to control the motion of car by sending
key signals from IR remote control to IR receiving module of car shield.
Note: The infrared sensor and infrared remote control should not be
used in environments with infrared interference such as sunlight.
Because sunlight contains a lot of invisible lights, such as infrared and
ultraviolet. In an environment with strong sunlight, they cannot work
normally.
333
(3)Flow Chart:
Start
IR receiver detects new

signals and save in val2
Val2=70？ NO
Val2=68？ NO
YES
YES Val2=67？ NO
Go forward
Turn left
Val2=21？ NO
YES
YES
Turn right Val2=64？
Go back
YES
Stop
(4)Test Code
Code path:
334
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 19.2：IR Remote
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Control .hex
19.2：IR Remote Control .hex
(1)Create four functions controlling the car to move forward and back
and turn left and right:
(2)Click“Ir Remote”to find and drag“connect IR receiver at P0”into“on
start”; Click the little triangle behind P0 to choose P9;
335
(3)Click“Variables”then click“Make a Variable...”, the dialog box“New
variable name：”pops up; fill it with“val” and click“OK”to create variable
“val”;
Create variable“val2”with the same method; find and drag“set val2 to 0”
to“on start”and copy it once to put into“on start”too;
Click the little triangle behind the first val2 to choose “val”;
(4)Click“Variables”to find and drag“set val2 to 0”to“forever”; Click the
little triangle behind val2 to choose val; Click“IrRemote”to find and drag
“IR button”to the “0” behind “to”;
(5)Click“Logic”to find and drag“if true then”into“forever”; find and drag
336
“=”into“true”;
Click“Variables”to find and drag“val”to the left side of “=; the 0 on
the right side of “=”remain unchanged; click the little triangle behind
“=”to choose“≠”;
(6)Click“Variables”to find and drag“set val2 to 0”into “then”;find and
drag “val”into the o behind “to” of“set val2 to 0”;
(7)Click“Logic”to find and drag“if...then...else”to then;
Click“ ”of” if...then...else”four times;
Click“ ”behind “else”once to delete else;
337
Find and drag “=” to “true”;
(8)Click“Variables”to find and drag“val2”to the left side of“=”and change
the 0 on the right of“=”to 70:
338
(9)Click“Functions” of“Advance”to find and drag 指 to
the second “then”:
339
(10)Copy “val2=70”once and place it behind the first “if”;change the 70
340
behind “=” to 68;
(11)Click“Functions” of“Advance”to find and drag to the
341
second “then” :
(2)Copy“val2=68”once and place it behind the second “else if “;
change the 68 behind “=”to 67； place it in the forth “then”;Click
“Functions”of“Advance”to find and drag to the forth
“then”:
342
(13)Copy“val2=67”once and put it behind “=” of the third “else if ;
change the number 67 to 21;click “Functions” of “Advance”to find and
drag to the fifth “then”:
343
(14)Copy “val2=21”once and place it behind the fourth “else if “;change
the the number 21 behind“=”to 64；Click“MecanumRobot”to find and
drag to the sixth “then”:
344
Complete Program:
345
① The "on start" command blo
program.
②Connect the IR receiver to P9
③Set the variable val to 0
④Set the variable val2 to 0
⑤In the "forever" instruction b
⑥Set val to IR button
⑦ When the variable val ≠ 0

program under then
⑧Set variable val2 to val

⑨When val2=70 is established
then
⑩The car goes forward
⑪When val2=68 is established

then
⑫Turn left
⑬When val2=67 is established

then
⑭Car turn right
⑮When val2=21 is established

then
⑯The car goes back
⑰When val2=64 is established

then
⑱The car stops
346
(5)Test Results:
Download code to micro:bit board, and dial POWER to ON end.
Make IR remote control point at micro:bit and press the button to control
smart car to move.
button makes smart car move forward， stands for turning left，
implies rightward turning, indicates moving backward ，
stops car，and 4pcs WS2812RGB light up the corresponding color.
347
Note: the distance between IR remote control and IR receiving head of
smart car are supposed less than 5m, during the test.
8.20: Bluetooth Multi-purpose Smart Car
20.1: Read Bluetooth Data
Micro:bit main board comes with a built in Bluetooth which can be used to
communicate with it. And the Micro:bit can also be controlled by Bluetooth
or transmit signals back to smartphone or computer via it. This Bluetooth
can communicate with the Bluetooth equipped in other devices or with
Bluetooth App to control other equipment. It is compatible with both
Android system ans IOS system. And we have designed two Bluetooth App
for both systems.
348
The connection of the Bluetooth on the board with these two Apps is
similar. In this lesson, we will introduce the functions of all keys and
patterns on the Apps and control the smart car via Bluetooth App.
As the Bluetooth and extension radio can’t work together, therefore, their
extension libraries are not compatible.
Therefore, remove extension(s) and add Bluetooth please if you see the
following prompt box pop up.
349
(3)Test Code:
Code Path:
Hex file KS4031(4032) folder/Makecode Project 20.1：Read
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Bluetooth Data.hex
20.1：Read Bluetooth Data.hex
Enter“Advanced” →“Serial” → “serial redirect to USB”
Place it into“on start”
*****************************************************************************
350
Click“Bluetooth”→“on bluetooth connected”
Go to“Basic”to move“show icon”block into“on bluetooth connected”
block.
*****************************************************************************
Click“Variables”→“Make a Variable...”→“New variable name：”dialog
box.
Input“connected”and click“OK”to create variable“connected”.
Drag“set connected to 0”under block “show icon” and change 0 into 1.
Go to“Loops”to move block“while true do...”into“on bluetooth connected”
block.
Enter“Logic”to drag out “=”block.
Click“Variables” to drag “connected” into left box of “=” block and
change 0 into 1.
351
*****************************************************************************
Then we generate variable“rec_data”in same way.
Then drag out“set rec_data to 0”and place it into block“while connected=1
do...”block.
Click“Bluetooth”→“more”→“bluetooth uart read until new line( )”
Keep it into 0 box and click triangle button to select #.
Go to“Advanced”→“Serial”→“serial write string”
Move it below“set rec_data...until#”block
352
And combine variable“rec_data”with“serial write string”block.
Click“Advanced” →“Serial” →“serial write line” and edit code string
as follows:
353
Click“Bluetooth”to drag out“on bluetooth disconnected”.
Go to“Bluetooth”→“on bluetooth disconnected”
Copy“show icon”block and keep it into block“on bluetooth disconnected”
Click triangle button to select“ ”pattern.
Complete Program
354
355
Connect Bluetooth
LED dot matrix shows“ ”pattern
Set variable connected to 1
When connected=1, the code under do block will be
executed.
Set rec_data to bluetooth uart read until #
Serial port prints rec_data
Print a blank space
Disconnect Bluetooth
LED dot matrix displays“ ”pattern.
356
(4)Test Results:
If you drag blocks step by step, you need to set as follows after finishing
test code.
Click → →
However, you could skip this step if you directly import test code.
After setting, download code to micro:bit board, don’t plug off USB
cable(How to download? How to quick download?)
Next to download App.
357
For IOS System:
a.open App Store;
b.search mecanum_robot and click“ ”to download the Bluetooth App of
mecanum_robot;
c. After downloading the APP, click "OPEN" or click the application
mecanum_robot on the phone/iPad desktop to open the APP. A dialog box
appears on the APP interface, and click "OK" in the dialog box.
d. First turn on the Bluetooth of the mobile phone/iPad, and then click the
connect button (control) in the upper left corner of the APP interface to
perform a Bluetooth search. In the search results, click "BCC micro:bit".
After a few seconds, the Bluetooth is connected.
For Android System:
a. Use the scanning function in the browser to scan and identify the QR
code or enter the http://8.210.52.206/mecanum_robot.apkto download.
After the identification is successful, click "go to website" to enter the
download mecanum_robot.apk page , Click "Download" to download the
mecanum_robot application.
358
B.Click“Allow allow”to enter Installation Diagram; click“install”to install
the App ;
C.Click "Open" or click the application mecanum_robot on the mobile
phone desktop to open the APP, and a dialog box appears. In the dialog
box, click "Allow" to turn on the Bluetooth of the mobile phone. You can
also turn on the phone's Bluetooth before opening the APP.
359
Click on the upper right corner to search for
Bluetooth and click“connect”; a few seconds later, the Bluetooth is paired.
360
Point at micro:bit board and press the icons on APP, the corresponding
characters are shown on CoolTerm monitor.
Through the test, we get the function of every icon, as shown below:
361
362
20.2: Multi-purpose Smart Car
In this lesson, we will control the smart car to perform multipurpose
function.
Insert micro:bit board into slot of keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car
Place batteries into battery holder
363
Dial power switch to ON end
Connect micro:bit to computer by USB cable
Open online Makecode editor
As the Bluetooth and extension radio can’t work together, therefore, their
extension libraries are not compatible.
Therefore, remove extension(s) and add Bluetooth please if you see the
following prompt box pop up.
(3) Test Code:
Code path:
364
Tutorial/Makecode Code/Project Multi-purpose Smart
20.2：Multi-purpose Smart Car.hex
Car.hex
Complete Code:
365
366
367
(4)Test Results:
This experiment combines the previous projects to make the car to
perform actions by Bluetooth.
Enter Makecode online editor → Projecting Settings →
, enable “No Pairing....”(you could skip
this step if you import test code directly)
368
Download code to micro:bit board, dial POWER to ON end, and connect
the Bluetooth, then you can control the car via the Bluetooth App of
mecanum_robot.
9. Resources:
Download PDF files: https://fs.keyestudio.com/KS4031-4032
BBC microbit MicroPython:
https://microbit-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/introducti
on.html
MicroPython:
https://docs.openmv.io/reference/index.html
ustruct library:
https://docs.openmv.io/library/ustruct.html
math library:
https://docs.openmv.io/library/math.html
utime(sleep_us,tick_us) library:
https://docs.openmv.io/library/utime.html#
369

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Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car

4.Kit List ............................................................................................................................... 7

( 1 )What is Micro:bit? ................................................................................. 12

( 4 )Notes for the application of Micro:bit main board ................... 16

5.2.Install Micro:bit driver .................................................................................. 17

6.Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car............................................................... 18

6.1.Basic Information about Keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car .. 18

6.2. the Installation of keyestudio 4WD Mecanum Robot Car .............. 20

7.Get Started with Micro:bit ...................................................................................... 42

7.1 Write code and program： ........................................................................ 42

7.3 Quick Download............................................................................................. 54

7.4.Makecode extension library: ...................................................................... 62

7.4.Resources and test code.............................................................................. 71

7.5.Input test code................................................................................................ 72

Project 1: Heartbeat ............................................................................................. 80

Project 2: Light A Single LED............................................................................. 83

Project 3: LED Dot Matrix ................................................................................... 90

Project 4: Programmable Buttons ................................................................. 102

Project 6: Geomagnetic Sensor ...................................................................... 127

Project 7: Accelerometer .................................................................................. 142

Project 8: Light Detection ................................................................................ 157

Project 9: Speaker ............................................................................................... 163

Project 10: Touch-sensitive Logo ................................................................... 169

Project 11: Microphone .................................................................................... 175

Project 12: Bluetooth Wireless Communication ....................................... 187

Project 13：Colorful Lights ............................................................................. 208

Project 14：WS2812 RGB LEDs ...................................................................... 215

Project 15：Servo ............................................................................................... 238

Project 16：Motor .............................................................................................. 247

Project 17：Line Tracking Sensor .................................................................. 260

17.1: Detect Line Tracking Sensor ......................................................... 260

17.2: Line Tracking Smart Car ................................................................. 278

Project 18: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car...................................................... 288

18.1: Ultrasonic Ranging .......................................................................... 288

18.2: Ultrasonic Avoidance Car .............................................................. 297

18.3: Ultrasonic Follow Smart Car ......................................................... 313

Project 19：IR Remote Control ...................................................................... 322

19.1：Decode IR Remote Control ......................................................... 322

19.2：IR Remote Control ......................................................................... 332

20.1: Read Bluetooth Data....................................................................... 348

20.2: Multi-purpose Smart Car .............................................................. 363

9. Resources: ................................................................................................................. 369

Have you wondered to learn programming or have your own

programming robot? Nowadays, programming has developed to a lower

to the spread of simple graphical programming platforms, from micro:bit

easily install a multi-functional programming car and experience the fun of

Micro:bit is a highly integrated microcontroller of powerful functions and

small size. It is very suitable to be applied in STEAM education for it

functions to make robots, wearable devices and electronic interactive

games via the combination of code programming and graphical

4 decelerating DC motors, Mecanum wheels, various modules and sensors

programming platform Make Code to program the micro:bit control board

creation but enhance hands-on ability and learn programming skills as

MakeCode for micro:bit is the most widely used graphical programming

environment on the micro:bit official website. It is based on the graphical

programming environment developed by Microsoft's open source project

MakeCode. This graphical programming can also be converted to code

languages, python and javascript language. This combination makes learn

programming easy. At the same time, MakeCode programming can be

simulated or programmed for actual electronic components.