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lion
BRAKES, SPRINGS & FLYWHEELS
PSE MODULE 28.1 (SOLUTION)
T= la where I
1. A flywheel weighing 457 kg has radius of 375 mm. How much energy
in N -m does the flywheel loss from 3.0 rev/sec to 2.8 rev/sec? Imin
C. 150 N-m 100 2 7 rad
A. 368 N-m
min-s) Irev 60s
B. 1472 N-m D. 38 N-m
T 2356 N-m
Solutien D

Em(e)(-u) 5. Two shafts are connected by a flange coupling. The coupling is secured
by 6 bolts, 20 mm in diameter on a pitch circle diameter of 150 mm. If
torqueof 120 N-m is applied. find the shear stress in the bolts.
E-(457e)(x(20.375m)"(3as(rev/sy* A. 0.85 N/mm C. 0.85 Pa
E = 1471.5 N-m B. 0.85 kPa D. 0.95 Pa

Ans. B
Sellion
2. Detemine the maximum shearing stress in a helical spring composed of
20 tums of " diameter wire on a mean radius of 3" when the spring i
supporting a load of 400 pounds. Use G=12 x 10° psi. /DBC were A
A. 17.152 psi C. 10,450 psi
B. 12450 psi D. 8,709 psi Subst. values,
Salukion
S
2(120 N-m)/(150
000mm) mm/m)
Ss kFC shere C 075 . = 8 6(/4)(20 mm)
d

4(8) - 4
TUTEFOAAns.S A0.85 N/mm2
Ss
s(1184)(400)18)= 17,152psi 6. The drum is 12 mches in diameter and the band width is 4 inches. The
r (075)
coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the angle of wrap is 270'. Find the
tension on the tight side if the band brake is to have a maximum lining
Ans A pressure of 90 psi.
A. 2160 kgf C. 3.45 kN
3. An automobile weighing 3,000 lb is slowed down uniformly from 40 to B. 9.61 kN D. 2450 1bf
10 mph in a distance of 100 ft by a brake on the drive shaft. Rear wheels
are 28-in diameter. Drive-shaft diameter is 1 in., ratio of differential is Selior
40:11. Calculate the extr eme fiber stress In drive shaft, neglecting tire.
bearing and gear losses. Maximum unit pressure occurs at the tight end of the band
A. 15,000 psi C. 25.000 psi
B. 21,900 psi D. 29,400 psi PaI L
br
where F, =
tension of the tight side of the band

Selulion b band width

HOdd
t radius ofthe drum
16T

Solve for a.
0(46) 48 N
-2as=V- V 2160 Ibf 10lbf
=9607 68 N=961 kN
Ans. B
-2a (100 f)= 10 mile 5280ft/mile 40mile 5280/mile
3600s/hr 40h 3600s/hr 7. A punching machine flywheel accelerates from rest with 7 rad/sec*. In
a 16.13ft/s 10 seconds, how many radians are achieved?
So get A. 45 C. 250
B. 35 D. 350
(30001bm)(16.13n/s2 1503 Ibf =wheel
=

32.2 bm-ft
32.2 Selulion
1bf-s
Solving for shaft

Tshat whel(Te1503)(28/2)-
N shaft 5787 in-1b 0-(0)010)(7rad/s)1o-*
-350 rad
Thus, 16(5787 in-iD)-29 470 psi
(lin Ans. D
Ans. D 8. A large coil spring (k = 10 Ib/in) is elongated, within its elastic range by
one foot. Stored energy in foot pounds is nearest to:
4 A flywheel hasa diameter of 1.5 m, and mass of 800 kg. What torque in
N-m, is needed to produce an angular acceleration of 100 revolutions A. 10 C. 40
per minute. per second? B. 60 D. 80
A. 225 C. 1158
B. 974 D. 2356
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12. Find the number of active coils of a No. 8 wire Helical Spring with index
Selutien of 6. steady load with spring rate of 42.5 Ibin and maximum allowable
stress is 60 ksi.
EP-(a)-0om/m)(it x12m/n) - 720in- A. 25 C. 29
in
B. 28 D. 22
6 0 f-Ib

Ans. B Seleution
8 KFC
9 The drum is 12 inches in diameter and the band width is 4
coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the angle of wrap is 270. Find the
inches. The where F = (Ax)=k (6)
ndw
torque capacity if the band brake is to have a maximum lining pressure
of 90 psi. FC°n
Also, 6 =

A. 542.67 ft-Ibf C. 435.78 ft-lbf Gd

B. 875.34 ft-Ibf D. 747.51 ft-Ibf Equating Spring Force to de flection.

6(k8)c
Seleion
Gdw
Maximum unit pressure occurs at the tight end of the band Subs. values,

Pan br where F = tension of the tight side of the band (42.5 tb/in(6) n
1.3x10pi(0 1620 in)
b band width n 24.93 25
r radius of the drum
Ans. A
90 F F 2160 Ibf
(4)(6) 13. Compute the deflection of a 18 coils helical spring having a load of 100
kgs. The modulus of elasticity in shear of spring is 96.62 GPa. OD of
2160
F 664 98 Ibf 9.256 cm and with diameter of 9.525 mm. The spring is square and
F (025
270 TUTEF ground ends.
A. 9 mm C. 112 mm
=

664 98 Ibr =295786 N B. 101 mm D. 14 mm

Torquecapac1ty
T (F
T

Ans. D
Fr =(2160 - 664.98X6)
8970.12 lb-in = 747 51 ft-lbf
Selelion

Gd
Solving for C:
HANIC
-Dm_Do - dw_92.56 - 9.525
= 8.7
c
10. A high alloy spring having squared and ground ends and has a total of
dw dw 9.525
16 coils and modulus of elasticity in shear of 85 GPa. Compute the Wahl Then.
factor. The spring outside diameter is 9.66 cm and wire diameter is 0.65
Cm.
im-8(100 kgs)(9.81N/kg )(8.7)° (18) = 101 7 mm

A. 1.058 C. 1.185 (96.62 GPa)1o MPa/GPa )(9.525 mm)

B. 1.10 D. 1.2
Ans. B
olulion

K ACA
4C-1 0.615
Solving for C:
C
H0d CEBU
14. Compute the maximum deflection of a 20 coils helical spring havinga
load of 75 kgs. The spring is a square/ground ends with modulus of
elasticity in shear of 79.84 GPa outside diameter of 101.6 mm wire
diameter of a 9 525 mm
A. 140.7 mm C. 15.17 mm
C=Dm Do-dw 9.66-0.65 = 13.9 B. 112.7 mm D. 126.7 mm
dw dw 0.65

4(13.9)-1.0.61
4(13.9)-4 13.9
=1.10 Selulion :

Ans. B 8Cn
Gd
11. A spring with 12 active coils and a spring index of 9 supports a static
load of 220 N with a deflection of 12 mm. The shear modulus of the
-8(75 kg)(9.8IN/kg)(Cy'(20-2)
spring material is 83 Gpa. What is the theoretical wire diameter? (79.84 GPa)(10 MPa/GPa(9.525 mm)
A. 18 mm C. 14 mm Solving for C.
B. 16 mm D. 20 mm
Dm Do dm
Selution
c- 101.6-9.323-9.67
dw dm 9.525

A-8(75ks)(9.81N/kg)(9.67) (20-2)
ÖFC'n
Gd
(79.84 GPa)(10 MPa/GPa )(9.525 mm)
-125 8 mm
12 (83 8(220N)9'(12) Ans.I
GPa)(1000 MPa/GPa )dw
dw = 15.46 mm

Ans.B
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15. A flywheel weighing 910 kg has a radius of gyration of 1524 mm. The 19. A three extension coil springs are hooked in series that support a single
shaft journals are 304.8 mm in diameter and have a coefficient of friction weight of 100 kgs. The first spring is rated at 0.400 kg/imm and the other
of 0.06. After the wheel reaches 120 rpm, the driving force is withdrawn 2 lawer is rated at 0.64 kehmm. Compute the total deflcction.
and the wheel slows to 60 rpm. How much energy thus the wheel loss? A. 563 mm C. 156 mm
A. 125 kN-m C. 130 kN-m B. 268 mm D. 250 mu
B. 140 kN-m D. 150 kN-m
Seluton
Sekundio

E - 0 ) (-NE)
where: TYk23
-o10 21524 m(120 rpm-(0 rpm)
60s/min Solving for Kr
P125 159
N-m = 125 kN-m
TT FO.178 kg/mm
Ans A 0.4 0.640.64
100 kg - 562.5 mm
16. A shearing machine requires 150 kg-m of energy to shear a steel sheet,
and has a normal speed of 3 rev/sec, slowing down to 2.8 rev/sec during
0.178 kg/mm
the shearin process. The flywheel has a mean diameter of 75 cm and Ans. A
weighs 0.018 kg/cm. The width of the rim is 30 cm. If the hub and arms
of the flywheel account for 15% of its total weight, find the thickness of 20. A Mercedez Benz gas engine valve springis to have a mean diameter of
the rim. 3.81 cm and a wire diameter of 0.635 cm The maximum load it will
A. I cm C. 4 cm have to sustain is 45.45 kg with corresponding deflection of 1.27 cm.
B. 5 cm D. 3 cm The spring is to be made of tempered steel wire. Determine the no.of
coils to be used. Use modulus of rigidity equal to 11.6 x 10° psi
A. 74 C. 10.4
Seluction

EKE-(Dm)(N-NE)
wINSTI7TUTEFO 9Solt
8.1 D. 14.4

Subs. value,
8FC

I50ke-m-m7emm (kg
(9.8INJ
Gdw
Solving for C,
m457 kg C 3.81
Then, dw 0.635
m m + mha where m, = tDmbtp So,
457 kg=n(Drm)(b)(t)(P)+0.15(457ke) 1.27 cm 8(45.45ke)( (n)
SO,
1.6 x10psi (0.635 em) 1033kg/cm
14.7 psi
457
kg-(7Scm)(30cm)(0)(0018kg/cm0.15(457kg) na8.37
3.05 cm nTa +2 8.37+2 10.37
Ans. D
Ans. C
17. How many 5/16 inch holes can be punched in one mouon in a steel plate
made of SAE 1010 stecl, 7/16 inch thick using a force of 55 tons. The 21. Ahelical spring having a squared and ground ends has a total of 24 coils
ultimate strength for shear is S0 ksi and use 2 factor of safety. and material modulus of elasticity in shear of 89 GPa. The spring has an
A. 5.8
B. 3.7
C.5
D. 6.2 CEB outside diameter of 12 cm and a wire diameter of 0.65 cm. Compute the
maximum
60kg.
A. 870 mm
deflection that
can be in the spring due to a load of
produced
C. 999 mm
Seluion
B. 954 mm D. 1030 mm

F Su(mdt)(n)
Soletien
55 tons lton
(50 ksi)(1000 psi/ksi)(«)(5/16in)(7/16in) n
n=5.12 5 holes
Gd
Ans. C Solving for C

cDodw 12-0.6574
17.46
18. flywheel
The press rotating at 100 rpm is slowed down to 90 rpm
on a

during a punching operation that requires I second for punching portion

dw 0.65

of the system cycle. Compute the angular deceleration in rad/sec-sec the

nywheel undergoes. Given the angular velocities for 120 rpm is 10.47
-(60 kg)(9.81 N/kg)(17.46)"(24-2)(1.0 =953.4 mm
rad/sec. And for 90 mph 942 rad/sec.
(89 GPa)10 MPa/GPa (0.65 cm)10mn
A. -1.36 C. -1.05 Ans. B
B.-1.26 D. -0.93
Selulion 22. Compute the deflection of a 20 coils helical spring having a load of 120
kgs. The modulus of elasticity in shear of spring is 98 GPa. outside
at diameter of 10 cm and wire diameter of 10 mm. The spring is squared
and ground ends.
9.42=10.47+
S
a(1s) A. 162.1 mm C. 134.1 mm
B. 154.4 mm D. 126.1 mm
a-105 rad/s
Ans.C
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Saluion H=fF
250 000 ft- Ib =
0.2(F,)(45fps )(20%)
=8FC F =1389 Ib

Gdw Ans.A
Solving for C.

C =odw 100 mm -10 mm 9

_
27. A simple band brake has a 76 cm drum and fitted with a stcel band 2/5
dw 10 m cm thick lined with a brake lining having a coefficient of friction of 0.25.
Then,
The arc of contact is 245 deg and the drum is attached to a 60 cm
hoisting drum, that sustains a rope load of 820 kg. The operating force
(120 kg)(9.81 N/kg)(9 (20-2) has a moment arm of 1.s0 m and a band is attached 12 cm from the pivot
point. Compute the torque just required to support the load clockwise.
(98 GPa)(10 MPa/GP» )(10 mm) A. 2413.96 N-m C. 4434.5 N-m
d= 126.1 mm B. 4515.45 N-m D. 3215.5 N-m

Ans. D 245

23. A coiled spring with 5 cm of outside diameter is required to work under

the load of 190 N. The wire diameter is 5 mm, the spring is to have 6
active coils and the ends are to be closed and ground. Determine the
total number of coils. The modulus of rigidity is 809 GPa and the mecan J0 Cm
radius is to be 23 mm, with 7 mm pitch of the spring. t 2/5 cm
A. 6.5 coils C.8.5 coils
B. 7.5 coils D.9.5 coils

Solulion
0.12
DT Da +2

n 6+2=88.5 TUTE FO
NSTI77
Seltion
1.5m

Ans.
24. A cast iron flywheel is rotated at a speed of 1200 rpm and having a mean WD (820kE)(9.81 N/kg)(60cm/100cm/m)
rim radius of 1 foot. If the weight of the rim is 30 Ibs. what is the
centrifugal force? Use factor C = 41 T=2413.26 N-m
A. 14,800 Ibs C. 14,860 lbs Ans. A
B. 7ft D. 14,760 Ibs

Selulion 28. A differential band brake band has an operating lever 0.230 m long. The
ends of the brake band are attached so that their operating arms are 28
mm and 152 mm long. The brake-drum diameter is 61 cm , the arc of
mV contact is 300 deg. the coefficient of friction if 0.22 and the brake band
F (k)
where v= 2tr0
is 3 mm x 102 mm. Compute the minimum force required at the end of
the operating lever to subject this band pressure of 5.5 Mpa.
F=(301b:(2x(1)(1200/60rps)
A. 15 kN C. 107 kN

S310
B. 23 kN D. 32 kNN
ft
(1n 32.22Ibf-s Soletion
Fc=14 712.5 Ibf

Ans.D =022
25. A
or
nywheel rotates at 120 rpm or 12.57 rad/sec slowed down to 102.cpm
10.68 rad/sec during the punching operation that requires second
of the punching portion of the cycle. Compute the angular acceleration
BU oloohwiee
D 61 cm
of the flywheel in rad/sec.
A. -2.52 rad/sec? C.-2.75 rad/sec?
F
B.3.15rad/sec? D. 2.22 radsec? F
Selution
230 m
t at
i162mmn
10.68=12.57a(3/4s) Solving for the minimum force,
a-2.52 rad/s2
Fla)-()
Ans.A L

26. Calculate the force with which the brake shoe of a modem- Since Pmax br
electromganetic train must be pressed against the wheel to absorb Then,
250,000 ft-lb of energy in 20 sec if the mean velocity of the wheel
relative to the brake shoe is 45 fps and the coefficient of friction is 0.2. 5.5 MPa-

(102mm 61Omm
A. 1389 Ib C. 3450 Ib
B. 2390 Ib D. 2480 Ib 2
Selulion =171 105 N =171.105 kN

Also,
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32. A fywheel rim which weighs 800 pounds has a mean diameter of 48
inches. The speed is to be maintained between 100 and 120 rpm.
Solving forF Considering that the effect of the arms and hub accounts for 12% of the
rim weight, determine the capacity of the flywheel. Express your answer
171.105kN 0.22300°( in ft-lb.
2 A. 2875.8 ft-1b C. 2896.7 f-1b
F = 54.074 kN B. 2685.7 ft-Ib D. 2987.5 ft-lb

Thus, Selelion:

FF - ) V() DN ()(48)(120)-25
12 (60)
13 fps
E_(54.07 kW)(152 mm)-(171.105 KN)(28mm)
F
230 mm , ()(48)(00)-20
12(60)
94 fps
F= 14.9 kN

Ans. A 112 W(V-v) 112 (800)((25.13)-(20 94)

AKE
2g 2 (32 2)
29. The mass of a flywheel is 175 kg and its radius of gyration is 380 mm.
AKE = 2,685 68 f-lbs
Find the torque required to attain a speed of 500 rpm from rest in 30
seconds.
A. 40.10 N-m C. 44.12 N-m
Ans. B
B. 35.66 N-m D. 38.48 N-m
33. A shearing machine requires 2000 ft-lbs of kinetic energy to operate.
Soluon The mean diameter of its flywheel is 36 in. The rated speed is 66 fps at
the mean diameter. The coefficient of fluctuation is 0.20. Compute the
I mk = 175(0 380) = 25 27 kg m weight of the rim is needed if the effects of the flywheel arms and hub
are to be neglected.
2 7(27 x 500/60)-0. 745 rad/s
a

T 1 a = 25 27(1.75) = 44. 10 N-m

30 STT
UTE A. 73.92 bs
B. 54.54 1bs
C. 25.67 Ibs
D. 84.36 lbs
Solulion:
Ans C
30. A cast iron flywheel is rotated at a speed of 1200 rpm and having a mean
rim radius of 1 foot. If the weight of the rim is 30 lbs. What is the
centrifugal force? Use factor C=41.
A. 14,800 lbs C. 70,000 Ibs W (AE)(E)_2,000)(32.2)
0.20 (66)
=73 92 Ibs
B. 14 860 Ibs D. 14,760 bs
(.(V
Ans A
Seletion
34. Determine the wire diameter of a helical spring using Bergstrasser factor
if the load is 130 lb and spring index of 8 if the maximum shearing stress
V=27 RN 2 x
(1) =125 66 fps of 50 ksi.
C. 045 in.
A. 0.25 in.

Sa
Solving for the centrifugal force B. 0.54 in. D. 0.35 in.
W (30X125 66 =|4712 b Selalion
gR 32 2(1)

Ans D 4C+24(8) +2
KAC-3 4(8-3
31. The mean coil diameter of a helical-coil spring is I inch and a wire
diameter of 1/8 inch. Compute the curve correction factor of the spring.
A. 1.1434 C. 1414
U FC
rd
B. 1.1144 D. 1.124 5x10 (8)(1172)(8)(1301b)
ad
d 025in
Selution: AnsA
35. A cast iron flywheel with a mean diameter of 36 inches changes speed
K,
from 300 rpm to 280 while it gives up 8000 ft-Ib of energy. What is the
coefficient of fluctuation.
where k where C
1/8
A.0.069 C.0.015
D.0.020
B. 0.082
= 1.184

Slukos
k 10625
2C
1.184 C -N- N300 280 0 069
K. =
1 1144 300 280
Nae
0625
Ans IB
Ans A
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36. What would be the weight of a flywheel in kg if the weight of the rim is 39. A flywheel has a mean diameter of 4 ft and is required to handle 2200
3 times the sum of the weight of the hub and arms. Given the outside ft-lb of kinetic energy. The lywheel has a width of 8in. Normal
diameter and inside diameter to be 24 in and 18 in respectively and thee operating speed is 300 rpm and the coefficient of fluctuation is to be
rim width is 4.5 in. (assume steel flywheel). 0.05. Find the weight of the rim assuming that the arms and hub are
A.140.95 kg C. 160.95 kg equivalent is 10% of the specific weight.
B.200.95 kg D. 152.95 kg A. 4121Ib C. 334 Ib
B. 452.4 lb D. 533 Ib
Soluton:
Solution:
Solving for the weight of the rim.

W. = (V) = y(xD.bt) > where y = 0284for steel Solve for the minimum speed:
n
cN-NN-N
D. D+d) N N,+N
I (D- d) 300 N
0.05
then: 300+ N
2
N, = 285 rpm

W252.94 Ib = 114.71 kg Solving for the weight of the flywheel:

Solving for the weight ofthe flywheel, AKE V; - V}>where:V,=«D_N, and V,-xD,.N,
2g
W-W+Wuwhere W.-3(W)or W(
W-W(w..(11471)=15295kg,
-2200 rd -
W 368.08Ib
Ans D
37. A helical spring composed of 20 turns of%" diameter wire on a mean
FONWW+W
Solving for the weight ofthe rim,
W+0.10(W)
radius of 3 when the spring is supporting a load of 400 pounds Calculte W = 1:10(W,)
the deflection given that G =12 x 10 psi. 368.08 1.10(W
A. 3.64 mm C. 2.54 in.
B. 92.47 mm D. 34.5 in. WA334.62 Ib
rim

Solulion: Ans C
6
sC where: C--05
dFC'n
8 Determine the wire diameter ofahelical spring using Bergstrasser factor
40. if
Gd the load is 130 lb and spring index of8 if the maximum shearing stress
(8 400X8)20)- 92.48 in of 50 ksi.
A. 0.25 in. C. 0.45 in.
(12 x 10° )c0.75) B. 0.54 in. D. 0.35 in.
Selulion:
Ans. B
4C+24(8)*234 =1,172
38. The drum is 12 inches in diameter and the band width is 4 inches. The 4C-34(8) -3 29
coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the angle of wrap is 270 Find the 8K,FC
tension on the slack side if the band brake is to have a maximum lining
pressure of 90 psi.
nd
A. 2520 kgf C. 1240 1bf Sx10 0172)(8)(130 1b) -

B. 11.21 kN

Selulion
D. 2.96 kN
CEBU d 0.25 in.
nd

Ans A
Maximum unit pressure occurs at the tight end of the band.
41. Determine the mean diameter of a helical spring using Bergstrasser
where: F, = tension of the tight side of the band factor if the load is 130 Ib and spring index of 8 if the maximum shearing
(a and
tress of 50 ksi.
A. 2.0 in C. 1.35 in.
b band width B. 3.0 in. D. 2.45 in.
r radius of the drum
Selulion:

90a6) =2160 1bf

4C+24(8) +2 34= 1.1712
2160 = 664.98 Ibf
4C-3 4(8)-3 29
(0.25 0
e 8K,FC
2

6 6 4 98 lbr4448
NN)
1OIbf2957 86
N

Sx 10 ) = 172)(130 Ib)(8)
rd
Ans D d = 0.25 in

Compute the mean diameter of spring using spring index

c- D_
0.25 in
D 2 0 in

Ans. A
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42. Two helical springs are used in series. Compute the equivalent spring 8kFC
rate if and spring constants are 30 Ibán and 60 Ib/in. S,-*rd
A. 25 lb/in C. 20 1bán
D. = D, - d. = 0.5 -0047 0.453*
B. 40 Ib/in D. 12 Ib/in.
C 4 5 3 = 9.638

Selulion: 0047

_4C-1061 =j 15
4C-4C
8 kFC
k 2 0 Ib/in 5.
rd
108000 I 5 ) F(9638)
Ans C T (0 047)
F 845 lbs
43. Crate of mass 1800 kg is moving at a speed of 1.2 m/s. It is brought to
rest by two helical compression springs. In stopping the crate, the Ans B
springs are compressed 200 mm. If the spring has an index of 6 and
allowable stress of 360 MPa. Determine the number of active coils if G=
89 GPa 47. What is the period of an oscillating body whose mass is 0.025 kg and
sping constant of 0.44 N/m?
A. 20 C. 30
A. 0.5 S C. 1.5s
B. 40 D. 10
B. 1s D. 2s

Seleton:
Solulion:

FeAxmv 8FC'n 0.025

GD.
2 2l044 = 1.5s

F=6480
1(1800X 12
2 (200x10)
200= 8(6480116)'n
8900(18.56)
n= 29.5 coils say 30 cosls
(UTEFOR Ans. C
48. What is the natural frequency of an oscillating body whose period of
Ans. C oscillation is 1.8 s?
A..8rad/s C. 3.49 rad/s
B. 2.65 rad/s D. 4.24 rad/s
44. Four compression coil springs in parallel support a load of 800Ibs. Each
spring has a gradient of 40 Ibfin. How much deflection will result?
A. 20 in. C. 5 in.
B. 10 in. D. 15 in.
- 2 2 - 349 Tad
18 s
Soludion:

v(total) = = 5in
4(40) Ans C
49. What is the frequency of oscillation of a body if its mass is 0.015 kg.
Ans C and spring constant of 0.5 N/m?
A. 0.51 Hz C.0.78 Hz

45. A helical-coil spring has a mean coil diameter of I inch and a wire B. 0.66 Hz D.0.92 Hz

diameter of 1/8 inch. Compute the Wahl factor of the spring.

A. 1.148 C. 1.184 Selulhon
B. 1.418 D. 1.814
CEBU f=0.92 Hz
2x Voo15
Sdulon:
Ans. D
c 50. How much workis required to stretch a spring from a length of 7.5
inches to one of 10 inches if the unstressed length is 5 inches? The
K. 4C-10615 stiffness is 5 lbfin.
4C-4 C
A. 46.875 ft-1bf C. 2.69 f-Ibf
4 (8)-1061 =| 184
B. 3.91 ft-1bf D. 145 ft-bf
4(8)-4 8
Sduion:
Ans C
w- (10-5)' -(75-3]
46. A helical compression spring is made of No. 18 (0.047 inch) wire 46.875 in-lb 391 A-Ib,
having an allowable shearing stress of 108 ksi. It has an outside diameter
of " and has 14 tums Using G 1 2 x 10* psi, calculate the maximum
static load.
Ans B
A. 7.45 lbs C. 10.45 Ibs
B. 8.45 Ibs D. 9.54 1bs 51. Ahelicalcompression spring is made of No. 18 (0.047 inch) wie having
an allowable shearing stress of 108 ksi. Compute the deflection caused
Sltion by the load if it has an outside diameter of A" and has 14 turns. Note: G
1 2 x 10° psi.
A. 2.50 in C. 1.75 in.
B. 1.5 in. D. 0.87 in
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Solukion
8 kFC
E-(Fo)where5,
s,Td
D. - D.- d. =05 0047 0453
250 F20)J(2.5)
F= 306.8N
32
C 0453 then:
9638
0047

k4C-,0615_
C I5 E-(.020) -3.068
4C 4
S kFC
Ans A
rd2
8(1 15) F(9638) 8 45
57. An elastic body whose primary function is to defect under load.
108000 F =

Ibs. A. spring8 C. brake

(0 047) B. stopper D. clutch
FCn 8(845)(9638)' (14) = 1.5 inches
Gd (12 x10 (0.047) Answer: A

58. I1 equalizes the energy exerted and the work done thus preventing
Ans B excessive or sudden changes of speed:
52. A heavy rotating body which serves as reservoir for absorbing and flywheel C. balance wheel
redistributing kinetic energy. B. lywheel pulley D. all of these
A. shaft C. governor
Answer: D
B. nywheel D. puncher
59. From experience specify the conventional limit of flywheel operations
Answer B to be at 6000 fvmin for cast iron and f o r cast steel .
A. 7000 C. 8000
53. The best material for brake drum is . B. 10000 D. 12000
A. cast iron C. ste TUTEF
B. aluminum D. wrought iron S T Answer: D

Answer. A 60. A truck body lowers 5 in. when a load of 25,000 Ib is placed on it. What
isthe frequency of vibration in oscillations per second of the truck if the
total spring bome weight is 40,000 lb?
A. 0.105 C. .105
54. A flywheel has a diameter of 1.5 m, and mass of 800 kg. What torque in
B. 2.105 D. 3.105
N-m, is needed to produce an angular acceleration of 100 revolutions
per minute. per second?
A. 225 C. 1158 Solutons
974 D. 2356
25000 (12(32.2)
Seletion 40,000
T=la f 1.105 oscillations per sec.

where
Ans C
Im002
310Hd
61. A6 inches wide by 0.125 in thick. The cantilever is 30 inches long with
24 inches free length. Compute the spring thickness for minimum
1o010472
60 bending stress if E = 4.5 x 10° psi and axial load of 2500 Ib per spring.
A. 1.5 Cm C. 3 cm
thus: T (225)(1042)=2356 19 N m
Ans. D CEBU B. 2.0 cm D. I cm

55. The mass of the flywheel of a shearing machine is 3 tons and its radius Sdulion
of gyration is 0.55 m. At the beginning of its cutting stroke the speed of
the flywheel is 110 rev/min. If 12 kJ of work is done in shearing a plate 4FL 4(2500X 24 - 15 cm
in 3 seconds, calculate he rotational speed of the flywheel at the end
cutting stroke in rev/min.
WE 6(4 5x10°)
A. 98.45 C. 88.45
B. 77.66 D. 65.74
Ans A

Solulion: 62. A flywheel weighing 457 kg has a radius of 375 mm. Compute how
much energy, in N-m, does the flywheel loss from 3 rps to 2.8 rps?
345 C. 180
E-W »{s0oo(o 5s)(11 52-)]= 12000 1474 D. 386

lukon
o=10.31 =9845rpm
V, 2(0 375)(3) = 7.069 m/s

AnsD
V 2 ( 0 375)(2.8) = 6 597 m/s
56. A close coiled helical spring of mean coil diameter 40 mm is made of
wire 5 mm diameter, the modulus of rigidity of the wire material being 457 (7 069) -(6 597)
88 kN/mm>. If the stress in the wire is not to exceed 250 N/mm? when KE - [m(V-v)] 2
thespring is at its maximum deflection of 20 mm, find the energy stored
= 1473 91 Nm
at maximum deflection.
in the spring
A. 3.068J C. 4.068 J
B. 4.058 J D. 5.058J
Ans B
Sduten
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63. Three extension springs are hooked in series that support a single weight
of 100 kg. The first spring is rated at 4 kN/m and the other two springs are
D 6+ 1+1 -8
D D . - d . -8 - 1 =7 inches
rated 6 kN/nm each. Compute the equivalent stiffness of the three springs.
A. 1.71 kN/m C. 1.51 kN/m
c
B. 1.21 kN/m D. 4.71 kN/m

Salekion: k- 47) ,9o1 -1213

4(7) 4 7
8kFC
Ss
rd
1.1,1,1-2
12 20,000= 8(1.213)F f = 924 98 Ibs
r(1)
171kN/m = 8FCn 4=8(92498)(7)'n
Gd (12 x10 )()
Ans A
64. The brake capacity to absorb energy is known as_ n 1891l turns say 19 turns
A. energy C.power
B. resistance brake D. braking torque AnsA
Answer: DD
70. A clutch is activated by six helical springs symmetrically spaced. Each
65. A kind of braking systems such that if the band wraps partly around the spring consists of 12 turns of steel wire %" in diameter and has an
brake drum, and the braking action is obtained by pulling the band tight outside diameter of I 75" Determine the load exerted against the clutch
into the wheel. plate by a contraction of 1.5 in. in the spring. Use: G= 12 x 10 psi.
A. block brake C. clutch A. 217 Ibs C. 1240 lbs
B. band brake D. centrifugal brake B. 1302 1bs D. 547 Ibs
Answer B
Soly-hon
66. Steel spring material is usually hardened from 400 to 500 BHN and the
carbon content is in the range of how many percent? DD d. =175 -0 25 =15 inches
A. 0.50 to 0.90 % C.045 to 0.48
B. 0.96 to 0.97 D. all of these c
d.
Answer: A
8FCn
Gd 15 = 8F(6) (12)
67. Two extension coil springs are hooked in series that support a load of
I0O kg. The first spring is rated at 4 kNm and the other spring is rated
(12x 10")(025)
F 217 Ibs > for each spring
at 6 kN/m. Compute the total deflection of the springs.
F(217X6) = 13021bs total load on the clutch
A. 408.6 mm C. 465.0mm
B. 490.7 mm D. 470.8 mm

Soleton AnsB
+
71. A clutch is activatedby six helical springs symmetrically spaced. Each

S3HO
spring consists of 12 tums of steel wire " in diameter and has
outside diameter of 1.75". What is the maximum shearing stress in the
(100)(9.806) 4+6 = 408.6 mm
spring if the load exerted against the clutch plate will cause a contraction
4(6) of 1.5 in. in the spring? Use: G = 12 x 10 psi.
A. 3.45 ksi C. 66.4 ksi
Ans A B. 73.4 ksi D. 56.7 ksi

68. Howmuch work (J) is required to stretch a spring from a length of 0.05 U, Selukkon:

mto0.10mifthe unstressed length of the spring is 0.04 m? The stiffness D D - d. = 1 75-025 = 1 5 inches
is 10 kN/m.
A. 17.5 J
B. 10.5J
C.9.5J 156
C-025 0.25
D.4.5J
Soluion 8=8FCn
15 F(6) (12)
Gd. (12x 10 )(025)
(0 10 004 -(005 -0.04=175J F 217
for eachspring
AnsA Ss kFC here k= 46]=,0615 =1 2525
69. A helical spring is made by
wrapping wire 1" diameter around a forming d 4(6)-4 (6)
cylinder 6 inches in diameter. Compute the number of turns required to
Ss=802525X217)(6) 66 443 psi
permit a stretch of 4 inches without exceeding a shearing stress 20 000
(0.25)
psi. Note: Modulus of Rigidity is 12 x 10 psi.
A. 19 turns C. 15 turms Ans C
B. 21 turnms D. 12 turms
72. A helical compression spring is made of No. 18 (0.047 inch) wire
having an allowable shearing stress of 108 ksi. Determine the spring
constant if it has an outside diameter of " and 14 turns. Note: G = 12
x 10° psi.
A. 7.60 1b/in C. 11.5 Ib/in
B.5.63 1b/in. D. 4.52 1b/in

elulion:
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8 kFC
S,Td, V-
DN (2) 125664 Sec

D. =D. - d. =05 - 0.047 0.453"

F
WV 30 (125 664) 14,724 Ibs
=

C 453 9.638 8r 32 174 (1)

0047 4
F = 14,724Ibs 65.5IkN
k 15115
4C 4
FC 8(1 15) F(9638)
, 108000 Ans C
(0 047)
F8 45Ibs 79. A punching machine flywheel accelerates from rest at 5 rad/s?. How
many revolutions does it make in 5 seconds?
8FCn 8(8 45)(9 638) (14) =15 inches A. 9.947 rev C. 10.54 rev
G. (12 x 10)(0 047)
B. 2.45 rev D. 3.42 rev

563
1.5 1b/in. Selulien

Ans. B 0-at+at =0*()() -62.5

rad =9947 rev

73. A 950 mm cantilever spring is composed of 6 graduated leaves and one

extra full length leaf. The leaves are 50 mm wide and the spring deflects
Ans A
70 mm when the load of 1.5 kN is applied. Calculate the maximum
bending stress assuming that there is no initial pre-stress of the full 80. It is a type of coil where the helical coil is wrapped into a circle foming
length leaf. Note: G = 200 Gpa. an annular ring.
A. volute spring C. hair spnng
A. 264 Mpa C. 180 Mpa
B. motor sprng D. garter spring
B. 430 Mpa D. 107 Mpa

Setulion
NINST77UTEFOAnswer: D81. A flywheel weighing 910 kg has a radius of gyration of 15.24 cm. The
shaft joumals are 30.48 cm in diameter and have a coefficient of friction
12FL of 0.06. After the wheel reaches 120 rpm, the driving force is withdrawn
br 2 n u h kenen
and the wheel slows to 60 rpm. Calculate the lost energyof the wheel?
A. 125 kN-m C. 230 kN-m
70 12(1.5x10)(950) t11.37 mm B. 180 kN-m D. 210 kN-m
(50)"[2(6) 3(0)]200 x10"
+

18FL Selation:

bt 2nned 3 i ength
120 47 rad/se
18(15x10)(950) 264 Mpa
(5o)(11.37) [2(6)+ 3(4)]
Ans. A
74. It is a type of spring where thin flat strip wound up on itself as a plane
KE- }- r-n]
KE 125 15 KN-m
spiral, usually anchored at the insideend.
A. motor spring
B. volute spring
C. garter spring
D. helical spring
An A
Answer: A 82. A lywheel weighing 910 kg has a radius of gyration of 15.24 cm. The
shaft joumals are 30.48 cm in diameter and have a coefficient of friction
75. What is the recommended coefficient of fluctuation of
punching, shearing, pressing machine? B
flywheels for
of0.06. After the wheel reaches 120 rpm, the driving force is withdrawn
and the wheel slows to 60 rpm. Calculate the lost energyof the wheel?
A. 0.005 -0.1 C.0.007-0.01
A. 125 kN-m C. 230 kN-m
B. 0.03-0.05 D. 0.01 0.03
B. 180 kN-m D. 210 kN-m
Answer. A
Selulion:
76. The total frictional energy that is stored in the brake parts principally in
the drum or disk is approximately:
A. 56% up C. 90 % up
120 4xrad'sec
B. 86% upP D. 75 % up

Answer: D
2 rad/sec
77. The cast iron flywheels are commonly designed with a factor of safety
of KE-m-)- [(r) -poi]
A. 14 to 15 C. 8 to 9 KE 125 15 kN-m
B. 10 to 13 D. 6 to 12

Answer: B
Ans A
83. What is the hard drawn (80 %reduction ) spring wire made of high carbon
steel?
78. A cast iron flywheel of I ft mean rim radius is rotating at a speed of C. music wire
A. oil tempered wire
1200 rpm. If the weight of the rim is 30 Ibs then caculate the centrifugal D. chromium wire
B. tension wire
force.
A. 12.800 lbs C.65.51 kN Answer: C
B. 1.05 tons D. 14.724 kg

Soluion
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84. Which of the following wires with good quality and is used for impact 94. Which of the following is not a function of spring?
loading. A. absorbs energy C. source of potential energy
A. hard drawn wire C. song wire B. measure weight D. measure thickness
B. helical spring wire D. chromium silicon wire
Answer: DD
Answer: DD
95. Which of the following is the type of spring made in the form of dished
85. When heat-treated wire is coiled cold, it should be stress relieved for washer ?
bending stress and after cooling it is heated at some A. air spring C. bellevile spring
A. 400°F C. 600°F B. volute spring D. motor spring
B. 700°C D. 500°F
Answer: C
Answer: D
96. Thepercentage difference in solid and working deflections is known as
A. Clash allowance C. Spring rate
86. A 900 mm cantilever spring is composed of 6 graduated leaves and one
B. Spring allowance D. Spring Index
extra full length leaf. The leaves are 45 mm wide and the spring deflects
74 mm when the load of 2 kN is applied. Calculate the thickness of the Answer: A
leaves ? Note: G = 200 Gpa.
A. 12.05 mm C. 7.5 mm 97. Which of the following is used to change the direction of an applied
B. 8.50 mm D. 15.4 mm tensile force?
A Gears C. Flywheels
Solation: B. Pulleys D. Ropes

12FL Answer: B

bt | 2nunon t longh 98. The relationship between the extension of a spring and the force required
to produce the extension is :
74 12(2x 10)(900) A. F= ma C. F uN
(45)[2(6) +3()]200 x10 T U T E F O A F= mv? D. F=kx
12.05 mm NSTIT R
Answer: D
Ans A
99 Aflywheel designed for a punching press must be capable of furnishing
87. A three extension coil spring are hooked in series that support a single 3400 N-m of energy during the 1/4 of a revolution while the hole is
weight of 100 kgs. The first spring is rated at 0.400 kg/mm and the other being punched. The mean radius of the rim is 10.16 cm and this actually
2 lower spring is rated at 64 kg/in. Compute the total deflection. 90% of the energy requirements. If the fywheel maximum
A. 263 mm C. 156 mm
contributes
speed is 200 rpm and the speed decreases 8.7% during the load stroke,
B. 268 mm D. nope of these what is the approximate (total) weight of the flywheel to be 1.20 times
the weight of the rim. Compute the total weight of the flywheel.
Answer: D
A. 955 kg C. 220.5 N
B. 214.85 kgf D. 97.35 kgf
88. Compute the deflection of a 18 coils helical soring having a load of 100
kgs. The modulus of elasticity in shear of spring is 96.62 GPa, OD of 9 Soluion:
256 cm and with diameter of 9 525 mm. The spring is square and ground
ends.
A. 9 mm C. 112 mn
V, 2tN, =2r(1016) 60
=21.279 m/sec
B. 101 mm D. 14 mn
V,2N,2r(1 016)|0-0087) =I9427m/sec
Answer: BB

89. It is the ratio of the mean diameter of coil over the coil diameters.
2(W-V)
A. Wahl factor
C. Spring Index
B. Coil ratio D. Lead scale CEB 3400(090)-(21279-19 427)
Answer: C
lywhee=120 x W
90. What is the overall length of the spring when it is compressed until all 10
= 1.20 x 796.38 =955 6 N = 97.35 k
adjacent coils touched? 981 N
A. free length C. solid length
B. compressed length D. expansion length Ans D
Answer: C
100. The deflection of a beam is_
91. It is the length of a coil spring under no load. A. directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment of
inertia
A. compressed length C. free length
B. inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and length of
B. solid height D. none of these
the beam cubed
Answer: C C. inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment
inertia
of
92. In general, the stecl springs are made of relatively of relative high carbon
steel usually: D. inversely proportional to the weight and length
A. 5 % C. less than 0.5 %
B. more than 0.5 % D. 7.5% Answer: C

Answer: B
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Elements(Terms) in Mathematics & Basic Engineering Sciences.
93.It is a low cost spring material, suitable where service is not severe and Power& Industrial Plant Engineering and Machine Design.
dimensional precision is not needed
A. helical spring wire C. stainless steel
B. hard drawn wire spring D. copper
Answer: B