International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7 Issue-6S3 April, 2019

Smart Agriculture Using Iot and Cloud Computing

M.Sowmiya, S.Prabavathi

ABSTRACT:Internet of things is the most advanced Connecting Agriculture to the internet is one of the
concept in the modern internet era. It provides support to important activities of the proper operation of IoT device. It
probably all the domains on the Globe. Agriculture is one presumes the connection to be wireless, which are classified
of such domains, which makes use of the IoT for making based on energy consumption, uplink data rate & downlink
the agriculture smart. Several applications of IoT are data rate, packet size, device per access point, topology,
evident in the field of Agriculture for the unimaginable frequency band range and channel width.
benefits of farmers which in turn for the successful The proposed paper explains about the issues faced in
development of the nation. This paper reveals an analyzes
Agriculture and provides the survey of various authors in
of potential applications of IoT in the field of Agriculture
the field of Agriculture. It also shows the ways of
for the essential improvement of the farmers to better crop
cultivation. implementing IoT in agriculture.
Key Words: Internet of Things, Smart Agriculture.
II.LITERATURE REVIEW
I.INTRODUCTION
The technologies used in smart agriculture enables the
Farming is the backbone for the advancement of the farmers to gain access to the GPS, soil scanning, and can
nation. India is called as an Agricultural country for its better monitor the cultivating crops.
remarkable agricultural lands and its other resources. In Miguel A.Zamora- Izquierdo introduced a concept termed as
recent days, the temperature and soil moisture factors Percision Agriculture. He proposed an IoT platform for the use
affect the growth of agriculture such as productivity, of soilless culture by making use of saline water. he proposed
diseases, and yield production. Agriculture based issues three different planes for communicating with the crops,
has been the barrier for the development for the nation. processing the collected information and processing the data
There is a need for Modernization of the current standard for necessary action. Miguel A.Zamora-Izquierdo used IoT
techniques for Agriculture. New trends in Agriculture are protocols for communication and concluded that by this
required in managing crops in a controlled environment. method the farmers are always are connected to the farming
Eg. Green houses.The Internet of Things is the recent environment.Mahammad Shareef Mekala, P.Viswanathan has
advancement in the Internet field. The ideas facilitate to proposed a Cloud enabled Clay-Mist Measurement index. They
interconnect physical objects equipped with sensing, took the two important parameters such as temperature and
actuating, computing power by lending them the potential humidity of the soil that is directly connected to the plant
to collaborate on a task, by remaining connected to the growth. The results have proven to be 94% accurate with less
internet, termed as the “Internet of things” IoT. With the execution speed.
assistance of detector, actuators and embedded Sutanni Bhowmick have detailed about Vertical farming
microcontrollers the purpose of creating good object is concept in his paper. Vertical farming is a modern tool for
measuring the ambient factors of the soil that improve the
accomplished. These good objects collect knowledge
crop cultivation. He developed sensor arrays for collecting
from the surroundings of development, process them, and data and sent those data to the cloud system module and
initiate appropriate actions. Thus, the Internet of Things analysed the ambient factors. He also made use the app, to
can bring wonderful support and helps humans in leading intimate the farmers about the threshold falls. K.S.Patil, has
a wise and smart Agriculture. The importance and proposed a model in a combined approach with internet and
therefore the application of those technologies in the field wireless communications. He named the system as Remote
of Agriculture has been studied and analyzed in this Monitoring System (RMS). The system collects real time
data from the production environment and inform the
paper. With IoT, farmers will simply get a timely farmer through SMS, and also provide some general
cultivating guideline relating to the parameters such as advices on weather patterns, crops to be cultivated on the
pesticide usage, seasonal plant diseases and additionally soil etc., Thus this method succeeded in making the easy
regarding natural disasters and recovery methods. Main access of agricultural facilities to the farmers.n Almaw
advantage of synergizing agriculture with IoT, is Ayele Aniley introduced Thin Film Dual Probe Heat Pulse
elimination of human-to-human interaction and human- (DPHP) Micro Heater Network for Soil Moisture Content
Estimation in Smart Agriculture. He proposed the network
to-computer interaction.
model by connecting sensors and actuators over the farming
Revised Manuscript Received on March 25, 2019
M.Sowmiya, Department of IT, M.Kumarasamy College of
environment. the proposed system monitored the soil
Engineering, Karur
nutrients, and Ph of the soil for improving the soil
S.Prabavathi, Department of IT, M.Kumarasamy College of humidity.
Engineering, Karur

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 Smart Agriculture Using Iot And Cloud Computing

Sowmya B. J. proposed an automated prediction system

that analyze the massive information units of existing Agriculture Drones
records in the field of agriculture. Large information One of the best applications of IoT in agriculture are Drones.
analytics is the procedure of inspecting massive amount Drones provide pictorial and aerial maps about the plants,
of facts comes from variety of resources like sensors, thus making the farmer understand that which crop is in need
weather forecasting, and social media information. the of immediate attention. Drones also evaluate the health state,
system takes better decisions based on the existing irrigation, monitoring of progress, spraying, and planting of
information on a related scenario. each crop. Drones are helpful in saving time and effort.
the drones are comprised of two types: ground-based and
IoT ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES aerial based drones. Both are used for crop health assessment,
irrigation, planting, and soil & field analysis. Farmers have to
Internet of Things has the following technologies: choose the height or ground resolution of the field for which
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) the Drones have to be used. Then the Drones take the pictures
WSN consists of number of sensors or nodes, that are of the crops and helps the farmer to give immediate
connected together to track the various sort of data. assistance for the required crops.
Livestock Monitoring
Cloud Computing (CC)
It is termed as on-demand computing that shares the Livestock Monitoring is the way of tracking the state of the
system resources and data among the requested users. It herds. the health of the animals is tracked using the IoT
can be represented in various forms such as IaaS, PaaS, device and monitored for the signs of disease. The sensors
SaaS. connected to the animals will collect data about the location
Big Data Analytics and well-being of the animals. The sensors can even track the
It is the concept of processing large data sets that have state of pregnancies of cattle and intimate the state of the
various forms of data types. cattle which is about to deliver.
Communication Protocol
Communication protocols are the backbone of IoT Smart Greenhouses
systems. They enable connectivity of various applications
and also data exchange over the network. Greenhouse farming is a technique that boosts the yield of
crops, vegetables, fruits etc., Environmental parameters are
controlled by Greenhouses in two ways; either through
Embedded Systems (ES) manual intervention or a proportional control mechanism.
It is a combination of hardware and software,that are However, since manual intervention has disadvantages such
intended to do a specific task. It supports the connection as production loss, energy loss, and labor cost, these methods
of various sensors over IoT. are less effective. A smart greenhouse through IoT embedded
systems not only monitors intelligently but also controls the
APPLICATIONS OF IoT IN SMART climate. Thereby eliminating any need for human
AGRICULTURE intervention. Different sensors that measure the
environmental parameters according to the plant requirement
Although the use of smart agriculture is not popular in India, are used for controlling the environment in a smart
still it shows dynamic capabilities for supporting agriculture. greenhouse. Then, a cloud server creates for remotely
It supports the plant growth and development in many ways. accessing the system when it connects using IoT.
Some of such applications are listed below to enhance plant
growth: Crop Water Management

Monitoring of Climate Conditions Water is the essential resource for performing agriculture. All
the agricultural activities are based on the adequate supply of
Climate and weather conditions are the primary factors to be water. Hence it is necessary for the farmer to ensure adequate
noted during agriculture. Smart agriculture using IoT makes supply of water to the crops. This technique uses the Web
use of several sensors for monitoring the climate conditions Map Service (WMS) and Sensor Observation Service (SOS)
of the surroundings. the task of the sensor is to collect the for ensuring proper water supply for the irrigation of the
data across the field send it to the cloud. the cloud is loaded crops. Thus this IoT reduces water wastage.
with some basic measurements which will then be compared
with the sensed data. Based on the comparison, we will be
able to map the climatic conditions and choose the required
crop for cultivation. Some examples of such agriculture IoT
devices are all METEO, Smart Elements, and Pycno.
252 Published By:
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& Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7 Issue-6S3 April, 2019

RESULTS irrigation control. The data is saved in the cloud server and
The following graph shows the variation of temperature and the user can access it at anytime and anywhere.
soil moisture with the increase in the number of days of
rainfall. Arduino mega 2560 is used in the research.  Koubachi is used for sprinkling water to the plants
DS18B20 sensor is used to measure the temperature of the in the garden. It acts a node that collects data from multiple
soil. Also, a soil moisture sensor is used for measuring the sensors like air temperature, soil moisture, sun light etc.
soil moisture. From the analysis made, it is seen that as the
temperature increases the soil moisture decreases. BENEFITS OF IOT IN SMART AGRICULTURE
 IoT enables the large amount of data to be collected
over the sensors and thus providing better control over the
internal processes and, as a result, lower production risks.
 With IoT efficient monitoring of the farming
environment is ensured.
 IoT helps the farmers to monitor the fields at
multiple locations by enabling remote monitoring. Decisions
can be made in real-time and from anywhere.
IoT guarantees increased crop production by keen tracking of
planting, watering, pesticide application and harvesting.

III.CONCLUSION

The proposed paper has discussed about role of IoT in the

field of agriculture. Various technologies supported by IoT,
applications of IoT in smart agriculture are reviewed in this
paper. This paper reveals about the benefits of IoT in
agriculture. IoT is the emerging concept in the Globe, and a
clear understanding of its concepts is more essential. This
paper gives a brief assistance for the farmers in increasing
agriculture yield and take efficient care in agriculture. All the
SENSORS USED IN IOT FOR SMART above discussed applications show 98% accuracy. This can
AGRICULTURE: help the farmer to enhance the crop yield and thus improving
the wellbeing of the nation.
 Location sensors use the GPS satellite signals to find
latitude, longitude and altitude within the feet. It requires
three location sensors to be fixed, since for triangulating the
position.

 Optical sensors are used to measure the clay, organic

matter and moisture content of the soil. these sensors are
generally fixed to the drones.

 Electrochemical sensors provide the essential

information about the pH and soil nutrient level.

 Mechanical sensors are used to find out the

mechanical resistances of the soil.

 Dielectric soil moisture sensor measures the

moisture level of the soil, by using the dielectric constant.

 Parrot sensors are used to monitor the plant’s

temperature, moisture, soil salinity. The information is sent to
the farmers’ mobile phone.

 Spruce is a sensor device, which is used for

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253 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
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 Smart Agriculture Using Iot And Cloud Computing

S.No Applications of IoT Sensors used Measures Uses

Rainfall, Wind speed and Reduces labor costs,

Temperature sensor, Light
Monitoring of direction, Temperature, Effective decision
1 Dependant Resistor, sound
Climate Conditions relative humidity, light making, Ease of time,
and CO sensor
intensity and CO level Utilization of resources

NDVI Sensor, Phantom 4

Pro V2.0 Drone, Matrice Irrigation problems, soil
Increase crop production
2 Agriculture Drones 210 Drone, Zenmuse XT2 variation, and pest and fungal
and crop growth
Thermal Camera, AGRAS infestations
MG-1S Drone

Understand the soil

Ultrasonic sensors for water
properties, Demand of
Crop Water level, Temperature and Focus on climatic
3 water supply for various
Management relative humidity sensor, circumstances
plants, Control the water
Soil Moisture sensor,
wastage,

Temperature Sensor, Temperature, humidity,

Arduino compatible Mini Water content, Light level, Efficient plant growth,
4 Smart Greenhouses
Luminance Sensor, light CO2 level, Soil water Controlled temperature
sensor and actuators potential

Measures the heart rate,

Saves time, prevent
blood pressure, respiratory
Livestock health issues of cattle at
5 Connected sensors rate, temperature, digestion,
Monitoring earlier stage, Track the
and other vitals of the
location of livestock
livestock

Subhashis Roy, " Application of IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture in Vertical

Farming",2019.
6. Almaw Ayele AnileyNaveen Kumar S. K., Akshaya Kumar A.,
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ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7 Issue-6S3 April, 2019

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