Simple Present tense

Habitual action, General Truth and Schedule

NOMINAL VERBAL

(+) S + be (am/is/are) + Complement (+) S + Verb 1+ Complement

I am a student The teacher come to the class

(-) S + be (am/is/are) + not + Complement (-) S + Do/does + not + Verb 1+ Complement

I am not a student The teacher does not come to the class

(?) be (am/is/are) + S + Complement)? (?) Do/Does+ S + Verb 1+ Complement)?

am I a student? Do The teacher come to the class?

GRAMMAR
Circle the correct word to complete each sentence.

1. There (is/are) a back porch with a porch swing.

2. There (Is/are) a mural in the recreation room.

3. There (isn't/aren't) a window seat in this house.

4. There (is/are) ten bedrooms and four bathrooms in the mansion

5. There (isn't/aren't) a gazebo in the back yard.

6. There (is/are) many houseboats in London's Little Venice.

7 There (s/Isn't) any storage space in the bathroom

8. There is/are) a swimming pool, a gazebo, and a tree house in the backyard.

9. There (are/aren't) any big windows in the house.

10. There (is/are) a music studio and a home theater on the second floor.

CONVERSATION

Number the jumbled lines to make a good conversation. Listen to check your answers.

____A: For what subject?

____B: Yes. We are.
____A: You look so restless.
____B: Chemistry.
____A: Are you preparing for a test?
____B: I'm waiting for my friends. They're late. We're going to hit the books together.
Present Continuous Tense

+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> + } They are playing badmintoon now

– } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> – } They are not playing badmintoon now

? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?

Yes They are / no they are not

For: I = am They, we, you = are He, She, It = Is

Contoh dalam kalimat :

1.(+) He is playing badminton now

(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.

(?) Is he playing badminton now.?

2.(+) agung is playing football today

(-) agung isn’t playing football today

(?) is agung playing football today?

3.(+) we are eating rice this morning

(-) we aren’t eating rice this morning

(?) are we eating rice this morning ?

 Present perfect tense
Activities that happen in the past and still ongoing

Nominal sentences Verbal sentences

(+) S + have/has + been + complement. (+) S + have/has + Verb3.

You have been a creative writer since 2018. We have studied English For five years.

(-) S + have/has +not + been + complement. (-) S + have/has +not + Verb3.

We have not been hungry. I have not learned to drive.

(?) have/has + S + been + complement + ? (?) have/has + S + Verb3 +?

Has she been very busy this week? Has he surprised you?

Unscramble the sentences.

1. has – it – for – rained – days – three .

2. five – has – Gunawan – worked – for – years – here .

3. gone – police – they – have – to – the – office .

4. we – learned – have – since – 2005 – English .

5. novel – yet – finished – I – reading – this – haven’t .

6. you – George’s – ever – wife – met – have ?

7. He – driven – has – before – car – never – a .

8. already – has – morning – called – this – you – Juna ?

9. Melinda – times – year – been – has – Australia – two – to – this .

10. She – coffee – three – of – drunk – today – cups – has .

 The present perfect continuous tense
Action that extend from the past to the present.

(+) S + have/has + been + Ving + complement.

The toddlers have been sleeping since 21.00 o’clock.

(-) S + have/has +not + been + Ving + complement.

It has not been snowing in Kyoto.

(?) have/has + S + been + Ving + complement +?

Have passengers been waiting for the next flight since this morning?

Indefinite time: since, for, often, so far, recently etc.

Exercise:

Choose the correct answer for the b. have been working

question below hour. 7. here for over two hours?
a. does she has been waiting
1. They.... anything for the past
b. has she been waiting
a. haven't been doing
b. hasn't been doing
8. Why.... Mandarin classes for the
2. It.... hard.
last three weeks?
a. have just been raining
a. have not you been attending
b. has just been raining
b. have you not attended
3. My boss... your cooperation
9. I'm sleepy because I .... all night.
proposal for days.
a. have been staying up
a. has been reading
b. has been staying up
b. has been being read
10. My brother ...about buying a used
4. He and family... in poverty since
car from the dealer. Do you think
their company went bankrupt.
it's a good idea?
a. has been living
a. has been thinking
b. have been living
b. have been thinking
5. How long... property in the gym?
a. has he been working out
b. have he been working out
6. She.... with the research team
since January.
a. has been working
Past Tense
a. Simple Past Tense
Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
(+) S + V2
(-) S + did not + V1
(-) Did + S + V1
For I, He, She, It = Was
They, we, you = were
Example :
1. +} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?

Past Continuous Tense

Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
1. (+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week?

2. (+) They were talking about sport when I met him

(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him?

3. (+) she was playing doll in bedroom

(-) she wasn’t playing doll in bedroom
(?) was she playing doll in bedroom?
Simple Future Tense
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb
(+) Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
(-) Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object
(?) Will/shall + subject + verb I + object
Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object ?
Contoh :
1. (+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(-) I will not visit to yogyakarta tomorrow
(?) will I visit to yogyakarta tomorrow ?

2. (+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.

(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
3. (+) I will go to bogor tomorrow
(-) I will not visit to bogor tomorrow
(?) will I visit to bogor tomorrow ?
Future Continuous
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
(+) S + will be + V1-ing
(-)S + will + not + be + V1-ing
(?)S + will + not + be + V1-ing
Contoh :
1. (+) I will be writing a comic.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
2. (+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
3. (+) you will be eating a chicken
(-) you will not be eating chicken
(?) will you be eating chicken ?
Future Perfect Continuous Tense

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

They will have been playing

S + will + have been + V1-ing/present
positif (+) The cat will have been
participle
sleeping long.

They will not have been

S + will + not + have been + playing
negatif (-)
V1-ing/present participle The cat won’t have been
sleeping

interogatif will + S + have been + V1-ing/present

(?) participle

Contoh :

1. (+) I will have been reading a news paper.

(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.

(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?

2. (+) He will have been listening music.

(-) He will haven’t listening a music.

(?) Will He have been listening a music ?

3. (+)The cat will have been sleeping long.

(-)The cat won’t have been sleeping long

(?) will the cat have been sleeping long ?

Past Future Tense
Positif: S + would + V1
Negatif: S + would + not + V1
Tanya: Would + S + V1
1. (+) He would come if you invited him.
(-) He wouldn’t come if invited him
(?) Would He come if invited him ?
2. (+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
3. (+) we would play football in field
(-) we wouldn’t play football in field
(?) would we play football in field ?

Past Future Continuous Tense

Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
1. (+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
2. (+) I shall be slipping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(-) I shan’t be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 o’clock tomorrow ?
3. (+) you should be jogging at this morning Sunday
(-) you shouldn’t be jogging at this morning Sunday
(?) should you be jogging at this morning Sunday ?
Past perfect tense
Past perfect tense is a verb tense used to talk about actions that were completed before
some point in the past.

1. I had . . . . . my model kit before you 5. The police was too late. People had . . .
knocked the door. the thief by the time they arrived.
a. assemblies a. caught
b. assemblied b. fight
c. assembly c. catched
d. assembled d. fought
2. Alisia . . . . . been on the rooftop when 6. Rei . . . . . Tom's position, after Tom . .
her twin sister looked for her. a. had replaced - resigned
a. has b. had replaced - had resigned
b. had c. replaced - resigned
c. have d. replaced - had resigned
d. was 7. Timmy . . . . . us the sign by the time
3. Somehow you . . . . . been my best the fireworks was launched. That's
friend before you moved out of town. why we didn't get the camera ready.
a. has a. has given
b. had b. has not given
c. have c. had given
d. were d. had not given
4. Alexa: Did you leave the party after 8. After her mother… she…an introvert.
it's over? a. went - had become
Michael: No, I didn't. I had been in the b. has gone - has become
party for 20 minutes. c. was gone - became
Alexa: So . . . . . the party before the d. had gone – became
main event? 9. I . . . . . a blogger before my brother
Michael: Yes, I had. taught me how to post an article.
a. did you leave a. had been
b. have you left b. had not been
c. had you left c. have been
d. you had left d. was not been
 Past perfect continuous tense
Past perfect tense is a verb tense used to indicate an activities that began in the past
continued for some period of time and ended in the past

Use the words in the brackets to complete the questions!

1. Finally my teacher went yesterday, a. are knowing c. had been knowing

We … him for 3 hours . (wait) b. will know d. will know

a. have wait c. had been waiting 6. You ,,, movie for an hour, (watch)

b. are waiting d. waiting a. are watching c. will watch

2. Anita was tired, because she … very b. had been watching d. watched

hard.(work) 7. Had you … badminton in there? (play)

a. are working c. had worked a. are playing c. had been playing

b. had been working d. will work b. will play d. been playing

3. Tamara was tired, because she … very 8. Had he … for 3 years? (smoke)

hard.(study) a. been Smoking c. will smoke

a. had been studying c. had studied b. Smokes d. smoked

b. are studying d. will study 9. Had they … for 3 months? (fight)

4. The ground was wet, because it … all a. fight c. will fight

day. (rain) b. been fighting d. fighting

a. are raining c. had rain 10. We … for 5 hours in there. (write)

b. had been raining d. will rain a. writes c. had been writing

5. Their father was a good man, we … b. will write d. are fighting

their father for 3 years. (know)

 Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Answer the questions by choosing a, b, c or d!

1. Mr. Ihsan __________ (examine) the frog d. will be having
if he found one. 5. My father ________ (work) in the office
a. would have been examining on Sunday last week.
b. would have examined a. would be working
c. would examine b. would work
d. would be examining c. would have been working
2. Shinta said that she ___________ (not d. would be worked
attend) the conference last week. She was in 6. Jane: I _______ (visit) my grandmother’s
another city at that time. house at 8 o’clock.
a. would not be attending Jennifer: What happened?
b. would not have been attending Jane: I lose my car key so I couldn’t go
c. would not have attended anywhere.
d. would not attend a. would have been visiting
3. Mother: If you bought the mozzarella b. would have visited
cheese, we ________ (cook) a delicious pizza c. would visit
by this time last week. d. would be visiting
Me: Sorry mom, I forgot. 7. We ________ (listen) to the speech at 7
a. would have been cooking o’clock yesterday.
b. would be cooking a. will listen
c. would have cooked b. would be listening
d. would cook c. would have been listening
4. Uncle Sam: I ________ (have) a flight to d. would have listened
Mexico by this time yesterday. 8. If you registered earlier, you __________
Me: Why are you still here now? (not wait) for a long time.
Uncle Sam: I lose the ticket. a. would not be waiting
a. would have b. would not wait
b. will have c. would not have been waiting
c. would be having d. will not wait
 Past Future Perfect Tense
Past perfect tense tells about an event that had happened in the past and was finished
before another action took place. This particular tense is used to describe an action that
took place and was interrupted by another action.

Use the words in the brackets to complete the questions!

1. If you had enrolled to ABC music 4. The kids _________ (swim) happily if
school, you ________ (become) a the authority had opened the public
professional musician. swimming pool.
A. would become A. would swim
B. would have become B. would have swum
C. will become C. have swum
D. become D. are swimming
2. The girl _________ (buy) new shoes, 5. Tom: Have you received the package?
but she preferred to give her money to Tim: Not yet. Why?
the needy. Tom: You __________ (receive) the
A. would buy package by now. There must be something
B. has bought wrong.
C. had bought Tim: OK, I’ll check it.
D. would have bought A. should have received
3. Father: Where have you been last B. would receive
night? You missed dinner. C. would be receiving
Son: Sorry, dad. I went to Jane’s house. D. should receive
Father: You _________ (not go) there 6. I ________ (pass) the exam, but I
without my permission! was too young.
A. would not go A. could have passed
B. would not have gone B. could pass
C. should not have gone C. have passed
D. should not go D. would have passed
 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Use the words in the brackets to complete the questions!

1. I …to the music for 15 minutes. a. Worked

a. Would have been listen b. Working
b. Would have been listening c. Work
c. Would had listening d. To work
d. Would had been listening
5. We … been staying here for a week.
2. We wouldn't ....repairing the car a. Would have
since 8 o'clock b. Will have
a. Have been c. Will had
b. Has been d. Would had
c. Been have 6. .... been listening to the music for
d. Have an hour by 9 o'clock?
a. Would they
3. They would have been … as a b. Should they
software programmer since 2011. c. Would have they
a. To work d. Would they have
b. Working
c. To worked 7. My boyfriend would have …… flower
d. Worked at this hour yesterday.
a. Be giving
4. He would have been .... in the b. Giving
company for a year by the end of this c. Been give
month d. Been giving