Tài liệu 8 - GV - 1 bản
Tài liệu 8 - GV - 1 bản
Tài liệu 8 - GV - 1 bản
B. GRAMMAR
I. Future simple and near future (Thì tương lai đơn và thì tương lai gần)
1. Công thức, dấu hiệu cách sử dụng
Tương lai đơn (WILL + V) Tương lai gần (BE GOING TO + V)
Công thức Công thức
(+) S + will/shall + Vo (+) S + am/is/are + going to + Vo
(-) S + will not/shall not + Vo. (-) S + am/is/are not going to + Vo
(?) (Wh-) + will/shall + S + Vo? (?) (Wh-) am/is/are + S + going to + Vo?
Cách dùng Cách dùng
- Phỏng đoán không căn cứ - Phỏng đoán có căn cứ
People will work more from home in the future. Look at those clouds! It is going to rain.
- Tự nguyện làm gì trong tương lai - Việc làm đã quyết định từ trước
Okay, if no one else will cook dinner, I will. Todd and I are going to eat at the new restaurant
- Hành động sẽ làm nảy sinh tại thời điểm nói tonight. Do you want to come with us?
The grass is getting tall. I think I will cut it - Kế hoạch và dự định
tomorrow. I'm going to visit my aunt next month.
Dấu hiệu Dấu hiệu
- I think; I don't think; I am afraid; I am sure that; I - in + thời gian: trong ... nữa (in 5 minutes: trong 5
fear that; perhaps; probably phút nữa)
- in + thời gian: trong ... nữa (in 5 minutes: trong 5 - tomorrow: ngày mai
phút nữa) - next day: ngày tới
- tomorrow: ngày mai - next week/ next month/ next year: tuần tới/ tháng
- next day: ngày tới tới/ năm tới
- next week/ next month/ next year: tuần tới/ tháng
tới/ năm tới
Passive S be V3/ed by + O
* Note
- TÂN NGỮ (O) trong câu chủ động làm CHỦ NGỮ trong câu bị động.
- ĐỘNG TỪ (V) trong câu chủ động sẽ chuyển thành “be + V3/ed”. Trong đó “be” chia theo thì và chia theo
chủ ngữ.
- CHỦ NGỮ (S) trong câu chủ động sẽ biến đổi thành tân ngữ và có giới từ “by” phía trước (by + O).
E.g: Chủ động: My parents will build a house next year.
S V O
1
Bị động: A house will be built by my parents next year.
S be V3/ed by O
Các bước để chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
a. Xác định S, V, O và thời của V trong câu chủ động.
b. Lấy O trong câu chủ động làm S của câu bị động.
c. Lấy S trong câu chủ động làm O và đặt sau by trong câu bị động.
d. Biến đổi V chính trong câu chủ động thành V3/ed (Past Participle) trong câu bị động.
e. Thêm to be vào trước V3/ed trong câu bị động (to be phải chia theo thời của V chính trong câu chủ động
và chia theo số của S trong câu bị động).
- Trong câu bị động by + O luôn đứng sau adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) và đứng trước
adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian).
- Trong câu bị động, có thể bỏ: by people, by us, by them, by someone, by him, by her … nếu chỉ đối tượng
không xác định.
2. Bảng đối chiếu câu chủ động và bị động qua các thì
Tense Active Passive
S + V (nguyên)/ V (s/es) S + am/ is/ are + V3/ed
Simple Present
Peter writes the book. The book is written by Peter.
S + V2/ed S + was/ were + V3/ed
Simple Past
Peter wrote the book. The book was written by Peter.
Present Continuous S + am/ is/ are + V-ing S + am/ is/ are + being + V3/ed
Peter is writing the book. The book is being written by Peter.
S + was/ were + V-ing S + was/ were + being + V3/ed
Past Continuous
Peter was writing the book. The book was being written by Peter.
S + have/ has + V3/ed S + have/ has + been + V3/ed
Present Perfect
Peter has written the book. The book has been written by Peter.
S + had + V3/ed S + had + been + V3/ed
Past Perfect
Peter had written the book. The book had been written by Peter.
S + will/ shall + V (nguyên) S + will + be + V3/ed
(Simple future)
Peter will write the book. The book will be written by Peter.
S + am/ is/ are + going to + V(nguyên) S+ am/ is/ are + going to + be + V3/ed
(Near Future)
Peter is going to write the book. The book is going to be written by Peter.
2
ENGLISH GRADE 10 (8)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. set B. encourage C. enjoyable D. environment
2. A. clean B. green C. beautiful D. heat
3. A. yoga B. young C. yellow D. rhythm
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
4. A. protection B. neighbourhood C. natural D. energy
5. A. polluted B. dangerous C. organic D. recycled
3
A. reprocess B. reclaim C. recycle D. reuse
14. Listen! There's someone at the door. I ____ the door for you.
A. am going to open B. am opening C. open D. will open
15. “Look at those dark clouds! “- “Yes, it ____ in some minutes.”
A. will rain B. is going to rain C. are going to rain D. is raining
16. I ___________ a lot of presents on my birthday last week.
A. give B. was given C. was giving D. have given
17. It‘s very hot. ____ the window. please?
A. Are you opening B. Are you going to open C. Will you open D. Won’t you open
18. ___________car models always attract great attention at exhibitions.
A. Eco – friendly B. Wealthy C. Passionate D. Portable
19. The new road ______ in a few days.
A. finished B. finish C. is going to be finished D. is finishing
20. When I get older, I ______ rich and famous.
A. was B. am going to be C. am D. will be
Put the verbs in brackets in the passive voice.
1. The old computer (repair) _________________ tomorrow.
2. Be careful! You (hurt) _________________ by that broken glass.
3. Safety barriers (install) _________________ in front of the gate soon.
4. My motorbike (damage) _________________ by the crash yesterday.
5. Our new chairs (transport) _________________ using trucks now.
6. The guests (often entertain) _________________ by the live musicians.
7. The visitors (give) _________________ a map of the campus last Sunday.
8. They (educate) _________________ about the dangers of smoking yet.
9. My bicycle (just stole) _________________ from outside the supermarket.
10. The students (require) _________________ to watch a video on the new subject
Choose the correct option.
1. I think I (am going to/will) go to bed now. I’m feeling tired.
2. She has decided that she (is going to/will) look for a new school.
3. Look at those black clouds. I think it (is going to/will) rain.
4. I’m sure you (will/are going to) enjoy this Sunday’s match.
5. My parents (are going to/will) come home when they finish work.
6. Their suitcases are packed. They (will/are going to) go on holiday.
7. Fred wants to find a job, but he (isn’t going to/won’t) do it today.
8. Someone is knocking at the door. - OK, I (am going to/will) answer it.
9. You’ve heard that I (will/am going to) move to Ho Chi Minh City, haven’t you?
10. Sorry, I forgot to bring your book. I (am going to/will) return it to you tomorrow.
Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
A Healthy Way To Know A City
4
Maybe you are staying in a city, and there is no park nearby where you can take your morning job. One of the
more recent trends is to go on a running tour, but you are not leading the way. Rather, a running (16) __________
who knows the best (17) __________ in the city acts as your guide. You are going out for a run, but you are also
being shown highlights of the city while you are doing it.
Guided running tours are a trend that seems to be catching (18) ___________ in quite a few of the bigger cities
in the United States. New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco are just three of the major cities that have
running tours in (19) __________. They offer these tours to individuals, groups, and even for corporate events.
If you are going into a city with colleagues to attend a business meeting or a convention, what better way is there
to see the city and network with others (20) ________ while taking a healthy run?
16. A. marathon B. sportsman C. enthusiasm D. enthusiast
17. A. ways B. routes C. directions D. approaches
18. A. on B. out C. up D. with
19. A. organization B. way C. place D. event
20. A. than B.even C. almost D. or
5
footprint because they come from cows. In the USA, cows create the same amount of greenhouse gases as 20
million cars. As I close the fridge door, I make a checklist for my next trip to the supermarket: 1. Read the label.
2. Look at the packaging. 3. Don’t buy a lot of meat. Maybe I could grow my own vegetables, too. It’s eco-
friendly. I’d save some money and I wouldn’t feel guilty about eating burgers.
21. What does the writer want to find out about the food in his fridge?
A. if it is good for his health
B. if it is good for the environment
C. if it saves his money
22. What can we learn from food labels?
A. Information about the people who make our food
B. How far the food has travelled
C. Why the price is low or high
23. Why does the writer feel guilty about the pizza?
A. Because it is made in Thailand.
B. Because it has a big carbon footprint.
C. Because it is bad for his health.
24. Why are bananas better than grapes?
A. Because they don’t have any packaging.
B. Because they don’t travel very far.
C. Because they grow in natural sunlight.
25. Why are burgers really ugly?
A. Because they are unhealthy.
B. Because they come from the USA.
C. Because they come from cows.
26. What does the writer want to do?
A. He wants to stop eating meat.
B. He wants to reduce his carbon footprint.
C. He wants to have a healthy lifestyle.
6
We’re going to have a discussion in our club about the plans to (27) ________. Have you got any
Anna
idea, Mai?
Well, I think we should (28) ________ because this is an easy way to make a positive impact on the
Mai
community. Do you think so, Anna?
Yes, make sure that people know what to recycle. We can (29) ________. How about reducing food
Anna
waste?
It’s a good idea. We should use up the food we have, and the food waste should (30) ________ in
Mai
the school gardens.
Anna And we can (31) ________. The less waste, the greener we are.
Mai Do you know the 3Rs? Reduce, reuse and recycle? Why don’t we reuse old items?
We should (32) ________ where students donate books they have used in the previous school year.
Anna
They can (33) ________.
Mai We think we (34) ________ about making a greener school and neighbourhood.