CORE GATEWAY COLLEGE, Inc.

Maharlika Highway cor. Cardenas St.

San Jose City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. No.: (044) 511-1609 Fax No.: 940-3154

TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM

Remedial Instruction in English

(COGNATE 3)
MODULE

Baer, Karen Joy V.

BSED-2 ENGLISH

SECOND SEMESTER
SEMI FINALS
SY: 2020-2021
 English 8

Schedule:

Tuesday 9am – 10am

Thursday 9am – 10am

Week 1

A. Topic: Analyzing Literature as a Mirror to a Shared Heritage of People with Diverse

Backgrounds

B. Objectives:

At the end of the discussion the student should be able to:

1. discuss the sensory image of the traditions and beliefs practiced by other people’s
background
2. enumerate and describe the characteristics of literature at its elements, and
3. appreciate literature as a mirror to a shared heritage of people with diverse
backgrounds through

C. Lesson:

Analyzing literature can be a complex process since it involves critical thinking to be able
to arrive at an interpretation or draw a conclusion based on the details or elements. In this part,
let us first define analysis.

In literature, (it means) “when we analyze something, we break it down into its separate
parts and look at how those parts work together. In the case of a story, we break it into its literary
elements, like character and plot, in order to see how they work together to produce the story.

Another is that an analysis is trying to come up to a deeper understanding of the meaning

of a literary piece and its place in the world.

What are the ways to analyze a literary piece?

a. Examine the elements in relation to a piece of literature; and

b. Examine how the ideas and elements relate to a broad social, political and cultural
situation?

How are we going to break down the parts of a literary piece into its separate elements? This
calls for the various elements of a literary piece, these are:
1. Setting is a description of where and when the story takes place. It also means geography,
weather, time of day and social conditions.

2. Characterization deals with how the characters are described: through dialogue, by the way
they speak, can be the physical appearance, thoughts and feelings.

3. Plot is the main sequence of events that make up the story.

4. Point of view means whose eyes the story is being told through. Is he the narrator or speaker
in the story? Is the narrator the main character? Does the author speak through one of the
characters?

5. Conflict or tension is usually the heart of the story and is related to the main character.

6. The theme is the main idea, lesson or message in the story. It is usually an abstract, universal
idea about the human condition, society or life, to name a few.

7. The author’s style has to do with the author’s vocabulary, tone or feeling of the story. It has
to do with his attitude towards the subject. The writers used of literary devices-- elements and
techniques that create a perception of writing to the reader.

Literary Devices/ Meanings Literary Devices/ Meanings

Simile is a direct comparison between two Our soldiers are as brave as lions.
things that are NOT like and use the words
“like” or “as”.

Metaphors make an implicit, implied, or His words are pearls of wisdom

hidden comparison between two things that are
unrelated, but which share some common
characteristics.

Imagery is the use of visually descriptive or 1. It was dark and dim in the forest.
figurative language in writing which uses The words “dark” and “dim” are visual
man’s physical senses- sight, smell, hearing, images.
taste and touch, 2. The children were screaming and
shouting in the fields.
“Screaming” and “shouting” appeal to
our sense of hearing, or auditory sense.
3. He whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee.
“Whiff” and “aroma” evoke our sense
of smell, or olfactory sense.
4. The girl ran her hands on a soft satin
fabric.
The idea of “soft” in this example
appeals to our sense of touch, or tactile
sense.
 5. The fresh and juicy orange is very cold
and sweet.
“Juicy” and “sweet” – when associated
with oranges – have an effect on our
sense of taste, or gustatory sense.

Personification gives human characteristics to The moon yanked a blanket of silver light over
non-human objects or elements. the forest.

Symbolism Is the use of symbols to represent The color red can symbolize struggle, power,
ideas or qualities. passion or romance.

Analyzing literature helps illustrate for people that successful art may involve self-
expression, but to a greater purpose beyond the creator, whether to inform, to invoke
empathy, to inspire, or simply to entertain.

What is a “shared heritage?” It means putting common values, shared history and
experiences in the spotlight that can contribute to and reinforce a sense of belonging
among people regardless of physical, social and cultural boundaries. For example, cultural
heritage does not end at monuments and collections of objects. It also includes traditions or
living expressions inherited from our ancestors and passed on to our descendants, such as oral
traditions, performing arts, social practices, rituals, festive events, knowledge and practices
concerning nature and the universe or the knowledge and skills to produce traditional
crafts.

So, when does literature become a mirror to a shared heritage of people with diverse
backgrounds? Literature is a history, or more like a background of a certain culture because it
reflects the ideas, feelings and experiences of the author. As a human with feelings and logical
thinking, we can be able to connect and relate to them and share commonalities and consider
such pieces as heritage despite of differences in culture, traditions, values and experiences.

Literature promotes cultural understanding and appreciation; literature helps people

understand themselves, their families, and their communities better as members of a particular
culture. By reading folk tales and legends, for example, they learn about "the origin of traditional
cultural values and beliefs" (Diamond & Moore 1995: 221).

The understanding and appreciation of culture that results from the study of literature helps
students develop a positive self-image and attitude toward their heritage language and culture. If
heritage literary works are compared to writings from the dominant culture or other cultures,
people gain a deeper understanding and acceptance.

In understanding literature, there are also so many things that we need to consider- it's a
definition, classification, relation to culture in association with the author's beliefs and personal
backgrounds. For you to be able to understand these concepts read and understand the details
presented below.
Literature is any written works that are considered to have a long-lasting impact or importance
as it expresses permanent interest ideas. This can either be in the form of poetry or prose.

Poetry refers to verse expressions, with measures, rhymes, lines, stanzas, and melodious tone. It
is not intended merely to entertain. It has a very useful and serious function: to embody deep
truths that reveal to us about human beings.

Poets are not only authors of language and music, but they are also the institutions of laws, the
founders of civil society, the inventors of the arts of life, and the teachers who draw into certain
dimensions the beautiful and the truth.

Divisions and Types of Poetry

Lyric Poems –meant to be Narrative Poetry – tells a Dramatic Poetry – has

sung to the accompaniment of story following order of events elements closely related to
a musical instrument drama because it is written in
a dramatic form.

Examples: Examples: Examples:

Simple Ballad Dramatic Monologue

Lyric Song Metrical Romance The Soliloquy

Sonnet Epic Character Sketch

Elegy

Ode

Prose, on the other hand, is a literary piece that is written in the form of the ordinary form of
written or spoken language and within the common flow of conversation. It is easily understood
as compared to poetry. In subject matter, prose generally concentrates on the familiar and
ordinary but may also deal with subjects such as heroism, beauty, love, and nobility of spirit.

Divisions and Types of Prose

Fiction – defined as a series of imagined facts Fiction – defined as a series of imagined facts
which illustrates truths about human life. which illustrates truths about human life.

Examples: Examples:

Short Story Formal Essay

The Novel Informal or Familiar Essay

Other forms of Essay (critical essay,

biographical essay, essay of travel)
 Source: Apolinario S. Saymo et. al., World Literature. Trinitas Publishing Inc.
Phlippines, 2004. 1-7

What does it mean to interpret literature? When you interpret literature, you are trying
to find the meaning and significance of the story. You are asking yourself both what
the text means and why it is important.

One of the best ways to interpret writing is to use the text as a guide. When you use the
text as a guide, you examine the main elements of the story and see how they relate to
each other to find the meaning and importance of the story.

When the words you encounter are difficult to understand so that you can get the message
of the text you are reading, aside from consulting the dictionary, you can analyze how the
words are being used in the sentence, and we called it context clues. This refers to
information that appears near a word or phrase and offers direct or indirect suggestions
about its meaning.

Moreover, to fully understand literary works' meaning, one must not forget that literature
has something to do with society-its culture, diversity, and heritage.

Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people,

encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music, and arts.

The diversity refers to the existence of variations of different characteristics in a group of

people. These characteristics could be everything that makes us unique, such as our
cognitive skills and personality traits, along with the things that shape our identity.

Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to
future generations.

Having acquired all these, we conclude that literature reflects society, its good values,
and its ills. It also projects the virtues or good values in society for people to imitate. As
an imitation of human action, literature often presents a picture of what people think, say,
and do in society. It is impossible to find a work of literature that excludes society's
attitudes, morale, and values since no writer have been brought up completely unexposed
to the world around him.

D. Activities:
Formative:
 Discussion
 Short quiz
Questions:

Read the story Makato and the Cowrie Shell. Then do the activity that follows on your answer
sheet.
Makato and the Cowrie Shell
(A Thai Folktale)
SupaneseKhanchanathiti

There is an orphan named Makato, a young boy. He did not have any way to support
himself. He worked hard doing any jobs he could to survive. He was a hard worker, which
people noticed. He would dream of being on an adventure to a bigger place where the land was
fertile and the people were kind, which encouraged him to do so.

He set out one day after preparing. The journey led him to a bigger town. He asked a
woman for water and told her that he got on a journey to see the king, who was said to be kind.
Makato worked with the king’s elephants and began working for her. He eventually encountered
the king. During the encounter, he picked up a cowrie shell that was lying on the road and
offered it to the king.

The King said that he could keep it. Makato pondered what he could do to honor the
king’s gift. He saw lettuce seeds at a stall in the market and thought that he could grow them. He
asked the woman about them, and she let him have as many as would stick to his finger in return
for his treasured cowrie shell. Makato grew the lettuces. The king visited him once more. Makato
gave one lettuce to the king and told him that he grew them from the shell.

The king was impressed and gave him a job in the castle. Makato grew up and married
the daughter of the king.

A. Compare yourself with Makato. Be guided by the following questions:

1. What traits do you both shared? Write your answer between the two circles.
2. Write your character traits which are different from Makato’s, inside the right circle.
3. Write Makato’s character traits which are different from yours inside the left circle.

Makato Myself
Week 2

A. Topic: Using appropriate Cohesive Devices in Composing Various Types of Speech.

B. Objectives:
At the end of the discussion the student should be able to:
1. defined cohesive devices
2. identified cohesive devices in a text, and
3. construct any type of speech/paragraph using cohesive devices.
C. Lesson:
Cohesive devices commonly known as Transitional words are words or phrases
that show the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech.
Transitions are used by the author to help the reader progress from one significant
idea to the next. Also, transitions also show the relationship within a paragraph (or within
a sentence) between the main ideas and the support the author gives for those ideas.
There are many examples of cohesive devices or transitional words, they can be
grouped by category.

Additive Transitions:

These show addition, introduction, similarity to other ideas

also, and, moreover, furthermore, moreover, as well as, too,

actually, in addition to this, besides, alternatively, on the other
1. To indicate Addition
hand, not to mention this, additionally, in fact, as a matter of
fact, actually, not only but also
as, such as, particularly, including, for example, for instance,
2. To signal Introduction like, especially, in particular, to illustrate, as an illustration, by
way of example
3. To signal
similarly, in the same way, by the same token, in a like
Comparison/
manner, equally, likewise,
Similarity
speaking about (this), considering (this), regarding (this), with
4. To indicate Reference regard to (this), as for (this), concerning (this),the fact that, on
the subject of (this)
For example, for instance, similarly, just the same way, to
5. To provide Example
illustrate, to be specific, such as, moreover, furthermore

Opposing Transitions:
These transitions are used to signal conflict, contradiction concession, dismissal.
But, by way of contrast, while, on the other hand,
Causal Transitions: however, (and) yet, whereas, though (final position), in
1. To signal Contrast contrast, when in fact, conversely, still, in spite, ironically,
strangely enough
2. To indicate
even more, above all, indeed, more importantly, besides
Emphasis
either way, whichever happens, in either event, in any case, at
3. To signal
any rate, in either case, whatever happens, all the same in any
Removal/Dismissal
event,
These transitions signal cause/effect and reason/result
or the (simple) reason that, being that, for, in view of
1. To signify (the fact), in as much as, because (of the fact), seeing that, as,
Cause/Reason owing to (the fact), due to (the fact that), in that since,
forasmuch as,
as a result (of this), consequently, hence, for this reason,
2. To show
thus, because (of this), in consequence, so that, accordingly, as
Effect/Result
a consequence, so much (so) that, so, therefore,
for the purpose of, in the hope that, for fear that, so
3. To signal Purpose that, with this intention, to the end that, in order to, lest with
this in mind, in order that, so as to, so
4. To indicate Under those circumstances, then, in that case, if not, that
Consequence being the case, if so, otherwise.

Sequential Transitions:
These transitions are used to signal a chronological or logical sequence.

in the (first, second, etc.) place, initially, to start

1. To order
with, first of all, thirdly, as soon as, hence, in the end, to begin
Sequence/Order
with, at first, for a start, secondly, gradually
Next, Finally, afterwards, later, lastly, now, then, subsequently,
2. To indicate Time
meanwhile, in the meantime, on the following day
as was previously stated, so, consequently, in summary,
all in all, thus, as I have said, to sum up, overall, as has been
mentioned, then, to summarize, to be brief, briefly,
3. To Summarize
given these points in all, on the whole, therefore, as has been
noted, in conclusion, in a word, to put it briefly, in sum,
altogether, in short,

D. Activity

Formative

 Discussion
 Short quiz
Questions:

Combine the following pairs of sentences to form a sentence. Use appropriate cohesive device
below.

In addition Unless Although Likewise

Therefore While Furthermore As a result
On the other hand Before In the end When

1. The children washed their hands. They finished baking.

2. Shane reads her favorite book. She waits for her friend to arrive.
3. Ashley listened to her favorite song. She went to bed.
4. Deniel forgot to bring his umbrella. He was soaked in the rain.
5. Samantha enjoys singing. She does not like dancing.
6. Filipinos must observe health protocols. They need to practice self-discipline.
7. Jaspher spent too much time watching television. He forgot to accomplish his modules.
8. Kathreen loves to write poems. She also composes songs.
9. Shylyn failed the exam. He studied very hard.
10. Karen worked hard. She finished her studies.
 CORE GATEWAY COLLEGE, Inc.
Maharlika Highway, corner Cardenas Street
San Jose City, Nueva Ecija 3121, Philippines
Phone (044) 511-1609 Telefax: (044) 940-3154

March 29, 2021

Mr/Mrs. Jessel Soliven

Guardian
Brgy. Sto Ninio 2nd
San Jose City, Nueva Ecija

Dear Mr/Mrs Soliven:

Greetings!

I am Karen Joy V. Baer, taking up Bachelor of Secondary Education major in English at Core
Gateway College, Inc.

I am writing this letter to ask for your permission to allow me to conduct a remedial class to your
child, James Allen B. Soliven.

With this, I can help your child advance his lesson and develop his ability, skills as well as his
strength and weaknesses in English language subject. The aim of this remedial class is to develop
learners learner’s ability, skills and knowledge about the English language to help me address the
learner’s needs and to help him/her succeed in learning English.

Your cooperation will help me to accomplish one of my requirements in Cognate 3 (Remedial

Instruction in English) and it will help me to gain more knowledge about how learners acquire or
us the English language.

I will also assure you that I will do all my best to help your child to develop not only his skills,
strength and weaknesses but also to help him gain confidence for himself.

I am looking forward to your approval on this request.

Thank you and God bless!

Respectfully yours,
Karen Joy V. Baer

Approved by:

Jessel Soliven
Parent/Guardian