Midn 2cl Nobleza Ker Insurgency

MIDN 2CL NOBLEZA KER
SEC ‘O’ ‘F’ CO

INTERVIEW WITH THREE LINE OFFICERS
A. What is their definition of insurgency
As far as I remember, insurgency refers to armed rebellion, usually against the
government or against a political figure. This could also refer to an uprising which
stems from political or cultural disparities. – LT MARY JUVELLE SISON
VILLARMEA PAF
In my opinion, insurgency is an uprising. To start with, it is an organized, armed
political struggle that aims to weaken government control and legitimacy while
increasing insurgent control through a revolutionary take over. Moreover, according
to the Philippine Army Manual, the goal of insurgency is to mobilize human and
material resources in order to form an alternative state of their own. – LT JENNICA
YRA CAGAS MANCERA PA
Insurgency refers to a violent and often protracted struggle against an
established government or authority, characterized by organized groups or
individuals using irregular tactics such as guerrilla warfare, sabotage, and subversion
to challenge the state's control and influence. Insurgencies typically arise due to
political, social, economic, or ethnic grievances and seek to achieve political change,
autonomy, or power through armed resistance.
Insurgency in the context of the Philippines refers to the organized and often
armed resistance against the government by CNN seeking political, social, or
economic change. It involves the use of guerrilla tactics, sabotage, and propaganda
to challenge the government's authority and influence. Insurgencies in the
Philippines often have complex roots, including historical grievances, socio-
economic disparities, and cultural differences.
I was assigned to the northern part of the Philippines, and I have a fruitful
experience with 3 tribes of Agta in the northernmost parts of the Siera Madre. These
people are vulnerable to CNN’s exploitation because oftentimes their grievances
have basis and truth. As a future platoon commander, you should understand the
complexity of the geopolitical landscape in your assigned area and the heavy impact
of your decision.
[In the realm of security and defense, insurgency stands as a complex
phenomenon, encompassing a web of ideologies, strategies, and socio-political
dynamics. The insurgency can be succinctly described as a violent struggle initiated
by a group or faction against established authority, often fueled by grievances,
aspirations, or beliefs that challenge the existing power structure.]
[However, defining insurgency goes beyond this surface-level explanation. It
delves into the intricate fabric of societal discontent, addressing the core reasons
that galvanize individuals into armed resistance. This multifaceted definition
encompasses historical context, economic disparities, cultural tensions, and power
struggles.]
- CPT JERICK IAN R DULIGUEZ PN(M)
B. What is their experience or knowledge on insurgency leamed while they were

in the service. These could be stories, facts or anecdotes.
I do not have first hand experience or knowledge since it has not even been a
year since graduation. Currently, in the PAF, we are assigned to offices. As junior
officers we hold designations that are usually within the parameters of the office.
These are only things I have heard, but based on stock knowledge I remember that
insurgencies usually need sponsors. These could be organizations that could
provide for them financially for them to gain weapons and daily sustenance. These
could also be communities that offer them shelter and secrecy. Additionally, some
research reaveal some of their constituents could come from both educated and
uneducated youth. More specifically, the educated youth who are already proactive
and have joined propaganda movements in the past. The uneducated youth on the
otherhand, are more vulnerable to any outside influence or teachings. – LT MARY
JUVELLE SISON VILLARMEA PAF
I have had no first-hand experience yet. However, with where I am now, here at
The Intelligence School (TIS), we have made a number of lectures, seminars,
training, and discussions about local insurgencies. With these knowledge, I can
claim that my knowledge about insurgency will be based out from teachings passed
on. One of the best anecdote that I could share to you is that “people will have their
reasons” Many former rebels are joining insurgency out of fear, out of guilt, out of
money, and out of curiosity. If only we can help those who need guidance, they
might not resolve to armed struggle. Insurgency might be far from the end, yet with
continuous NTF-ELCAC activities of the AFP, peace might be just around the corner.
– LT JENNICA YRA CAGAS MANCERA PA
1. Understanding the Landscape: Philippine Marine Corps Officers often gain in-
depth knowledge about the local dynamics, including cultural and tribal
intricacies, which are crucial for effective engagement with both the local
population and insurgent groups. Officers often study historical insurgencies
to understand the factors that contributed to their success or failure. Examples
might include the Vietnam War, Afghanistan conflicts, or various anti-colonial
struggles. Furthermore, when a Marine Battalion is newly assigned in the
area, the first agenda is to invite SMEs in the locality to educate the personnel
in the unit about the culture in the community.
2. Counterinsurgency Tactics: Military personnel gain knowledge in
counterinsurgency strategies, which involve a mix of military, political,
economic, and social approaches to isolate insurgents from their support base
and win the support of the local population. Officers learn about
counterinsurgency strategies that combine military action with community
development and psychological operations to win the support of the people
and isolate insurgents.
3. Engagement with Local Communities: Officers may participate in building
relationships with local communities to gain intelligence, foster trust, and
counter insurgent propaganda. Specifically, Marines engage with local
communities to gather intelligence, build rapport, and provide assistance.
These interactions foster trust and weaken the insurgents' recruitment efforts.
4. Adaptability: Insurgencies in the Philippines, such as the New People's Army
(NPA) and various separatist groups, have evolved. Insurgencies often evolve
and adapt, forcing military forces to remain flexible and innovative in their
approaches. As Officers learn to adapt to their tactics and strategies to
effectively address changing threats.
[Drawing upon my experience, I've witnessed the unpredictable nature of
insurgency firsthand. From intricate urban guerrilla tactics to remote rural uprisings,
each situation is a unique blend of challenges and opportunities.]
[One indelible lesson is the importance of intelligence gathering. Understanding
the pulse of the local population, their needs, aspirations, and affiliations, is pivotal.
This knowledge is the compass that guides counterinsurgency efforts, allowing for
targeted operations and building trust among the people.]
[There was a time when I was stationed in a remote village where a radical
insurgency had taken root. Through patient engagement and empathetic listening,
we unearthed stories of grievances stemming from government neglect. By
addressing these concerns and collaborating with community leaders, we sowed the
seeds of change, gradually eroding the insurgents' support base.]
[ Flexibility is another key lesson. Insurgency morphs and adapts, requiring
security forces to be equally agile. The capacity to anticipate tactics and strategies is
honed through rigorous training and analytical thinking. This knowledge is the
bedrock on which successful counterinsurgency operations are built.]
C. What is their advice to the cadets in preparing for their future roles in internal
and external security operations?
Especially as lieutenants it is important to accept and absorb the culture and
lifestyle in the military. Sacrifice is unavoidable, and those who cannot accept that
would have more difficulty adjusting in their roles as officers. Both followership and
leadership come handy on the field, it just requires the proper balance and role-
playing, considering that lives are at stake. Deliberate practice and experimentation
is needed, but it is not wrong to rest once in a while. You still work your best when
you take care of your mental health. Try not to burn yourself out. – LT MARY
JUVELLE SISON VILLARMEA PAF
We are always told by our course director, Major Aguilar, to treat our work like
business. You can only expect ROI if you’ve invested a reasonable capital. Only then
you can be able to reap what you sow. As future leaders of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines, we are expected to be world-class, multi-mission ready, and cross-
domain capable. Hence, you, the cadets are encouraged to be an exemplar of this
mission in order fill the roles in external and internal security operations. – LT
JENNICA YRA CAGAS MANCERA PA
1. Holistic Understanding: Gain a comprehensive understanding of the historical,
cultural, and social factors that contribute to insurgency. This knowledge will
aid in devising effective strategies and empathizing with local populations.
2. Understanding Local Dynamics: Gain a deep understanding of the cultures,
customs, and histories of the areas you'll be operating in. This knowledge is
crucial for building rapport with local communities and anticipating potential
sources of conflict.
3. Holistic Approach: Recognize that security operations are not solely military
endeavors. Diplomacy, development, and community engagement play vital
roles in long-term stability.
4. Adaptability: Insurgencies can change rapidly. Develop the ability to adjust
strategies and tactics quickly in response to evolving situations.
5. Adaptable Mindset: Recognize that no single approach works in all situations.
Be open to adjusting your strategies based on the evolving nature of insurgent
threats.
6. Ethical Conduct: Uphold ethical standards in all actions. Treating civilians with
respect and minimizing collateral damage is key to maintaining public support.
Uphold the highest ethical standards. Respecting the rights and dignity of
civilians not only adheres to international norms but also contributes to
winning the support of the population.
7. Intelligence Gathering: Sharpen your skills in gathering intelligence from
various sources. Accurate information is critical for making informed
decisions.
8. Language and Communication Skills: Develop proficiency in local languages
or dialects. Effective communication is essential for building relationships and
gathering accurate information.
9. Leadership and Decision-Making: Strengthen your leadership skills. Security
operations often require quick decision-making under pressure. Be prepared
to make tough calls while considering the welfare of both your team and
civilians.
10. Training and Readiness: Continuously train and stay physically fit. The better
your physical and mental condition, the more effective you'll be in demanding
situations.
11. Physical and Mental Resilience: Security operations can be physically and
emotionally demanding. Maintain your physical fitness and mental resilience
to cope with the challenges.
12. Teamwork and Collaboration: Security operations are rarely solo efforts.
Develop strong teamwork skills to work seamlessly with colleagues from
various units and agencies.
13. Communication and Leadership: Develop strong communication and
leadership skills. Being able to convey clear orders and inspire your team is
essential.
[For cadets stepping into the world of security operations, the path ahead is
challenging yet immensely rewarding. The evolution of insurgency demands a fresh
perspective and skill set.]
[Equip with Knowledge: The foundation of success is knowledge. Cadets must
grasp the underlying socio-political dynamics that foster insurgency. Understanding
local cultures, history, and grievances is akin to unraveling a puzzle. This knowledge
empowers security personnel to differentiate between genuine concerns and
extremist propaganda.]
[Embrace Holistic Training: In today's interconnected world, security operations
require a holistic approach. Officers should not only excel in combat tactics but also
diplomacy, communication, and community engagement. This multifaceted skill set
ensures that security efforts are comprehensive and sustainable.]
[Technology as a Force Multiplier: Embracing technological advancements is
crucial. Drones, data analytics, and cyber intelligence are tools that amplify the
impact of security operations. By leveraging these resources, officers can anticipate
insurgent movements, disrupt their networks, and prevent attacks proactively.]
In conclusion: As cadets prepare to shoulder the mantle of safeguarding internal
and external security, they inherit the legacy of insights gained from past struggles.
Upholding peace demands vigilance, empathy, and an unwavering commitment to
the betterment of societies. By learning from the past, embracing the present, and
envisioning a secure future, you can navigate the intricate landscape of insurgency
with unwavering resolve and purpose.
OBSERVATIONS
Based on what I’ve observed from my interviews, it was obvious that I would
get more information from our very own course director CPT JERICK IAN R
DULIGUEZ, because he had more insight and experiences from Amphibious
Operations. Insurgency for them all directs that insurgency is an armed rebellion, an
armed political struggle and a violent and often protracted struggle against an
established government or authority. This simply means that insurgency varies and
differs from those who graduated from the academy and from a officer with real-time
experience of the field.

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MIDN 2CL NOBLEZA KER

SEC ‘O’ ‘F’ CO

B. What is their experience or knowledge on insurgency leamed while they were

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