1.

Study of the Illness Condition

ASSESSMENT ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ANALYSIS
Illustrate and label 1) Pathogenesis
Subjective Cues: Normal function of the 1. Correlate the patient’s sign and
 Pain is extreme, organ involved: Pathogenesis symptoms to the disease
remitting, sharp, condition.
Esophagus A tubular
cramping, and radiating organ in the posterior  Extreme pain, remitting,
thoracic cavity that sharp cramping, and
laterally in both inwards transmits food from the
direction of the pharynx to the stomach. radiating laterally in both

abdomen. inwards direction of the

The stomach performs
three primary functions: abdomen.Usually indicates
 Decided to see a doctor
secretion, propulsion, the stomach has a sore in its
after tarry stool and digestion. Note that
absorption of food lining. Usually it occurs
 Gastritis with
molecules is before meals or at night.
Helicobacter pylori (H.
not a main role of the
pylori) infection This is also due to
stomach.
diagnosed 5 years ago. Peptic ulcer has various causes.
Treated with weakening or inhibition of
Duodenum. However H. pylori associated
pharmacotherapy, The initial segmentof the with peptic ulcer and NSAID prostaglandins in the
frequently recurring Reference/s: small intestine, beginsat peptic ulcer account for the stomach allowing the H.
 Digestive discomfort the pylorus. The shortest of majority of disease etiologyH.
and bearable pain of Chinwe, (2019, September the three divisions, it is only pylorus is a gram-negative pylori to attack the walls of
almost 6 months before 19). Peptic Ulcer. about25 cm (10 in.) long. bacillus that is found within the the stomach.
the onset of acute pain. https://meridianhospitals.net/p The duodenumarches into gastric epithelial cells. This
Discomfort worsens eptic-ulcer/ a “C” shape as itcurves bacterium is responsible for  Decided to see a doctor
after taking NSAIDS for around the pancreas. duodenal ulcers and of gastric
after a Tarry stool.
her knee pain and Onlythe proximal portion of ulcers.. The secretion of
drinking coffee but the duodenumis within the prostaglandin normally protects Indicates that the stomach of
relieved after taking peritoneum;the remainder the gastric mucosa. NSAIDs
the patient is irritated,
sits posterior to block prostaglandin synthesis by
antacids
theperitoneal cavity and inhibiting the COX-1 enzyme, causing it to bleed which led
 Osteoarthritis was soretroperitoneal. resulting in decreased gastric
to a tarry stool.
diagnosed a year ago, Internally, the mucus and bicarbonate
duodenumhouses the production and a decrease in  Hypertensive. All NSAIDs in
use of NSAIDS since major duodenal papilla, mucosal blood flow. This results
which is wheresecretions doses adequate to reduce
the diagnosis to inflammation or bleeding of
  Loss of appetite due to from the gallbladder and the stomach lining. Underlying inflammation and pain can
pancreas enter the small symptoms includes abdominal
feeling of bloating and cause increase in high blood
intestine. The duodenal pain, bloating/feeling of fullness,
fullness along with submucosa contains weightloss, hematemesis and pressure in both
specialized glandscalled bloody stool. Peptic ulcer can be
digestive discomfort normotensive and
duodenal (Brunner’s) resolved through
Objective Cues: glands, which produce an gastroduodenostomy. hypertensive individuals.
alkalinemucus to protect Reference/s:
 Hypertensive Drug-induced hypertension
the duodenum from the Drini M. (2017). Peptic ulcer
 Sudden weight loss acidic chyme. disease and non-steroidal anti- associated with NSAIDs is
inflammatory drugs. Australian
 Pale & exhausted due to the renal effects of
prescriber, 40(3), 91–93.
 Full/Bloated feeling https://doi.org/10.18773/austpres these drugs. Specifically,
Reference/s: cr.2017.037
NSAIDs cause dose-related
 Patient is not
Amerman, E. C. (2016). Malik TF, Gnanapandithan K, increases in sodium and
responding to medical Human anatomy & Singh K. (2021) Peptic Ulcer
physiology. Pearson Disease. Treasure Island (FL): water retention which spikes
management;
Education Limited StatPearls. up the blood pressure of the
underwent https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/boo
Britannica, The Editors of ks/NBK534792/ patient to 160/90 mmHg.
gastroduodenostomy.
Encyclopaedia. "Gastric
 Sudden Weight loss.PUD
inhibitory polypeptide".
Vital Signs: Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Patients may restrict their
Feb. 2019,
BP: 160/90mmhg food intake or variety, and/or
https://www.britannica.com/
HR: 90 bpm science/gastric-inhibitory- become preoccupied with
polypeptide. Accessed 23
RR: 21 b/min food, contributing to weight
March 2021.
T: 36.1 C loss and malnutrition.

W: 52.2 kg  Pale & Exhausted.Is

indication that the patient is
Pertinent Lab values: in extreme pain (Refer bullet
 Urine Color – Dark #1)
yellow  Feeling Full/Bloated. Peptic
 Sp. Gravity – 1.005 ulcers are caused by
 Fecal color- dark infection with H. pylori, a
 brown common but potentially
 Occult blood - harmful bacterium. Too
positive much bacteria in your small
intestine can lead to bloating
from excess production of
gas
 Patient is not responding
to medical management. It
often leads to surgical
intervention.

2. Discuss the indications for the

laboratory and diagnostic
examinations done.-

 Dark yellow urine color.

Usually indicates
dehydration of patient.
 Sp. Gravity-1.005.A lower
than normal values may
indicate dehydration
 Dark brown stool. Dark
stools may indicate presence
of blood.
 Positive occult blood.
Indicates the presence of
blood in the stool

The tests shows that there is a

presence of bleeding in the GI tract
of the patient that contributes to
these indications.
 Patient underwent
gastroduodenostomy
(Billroth I).Surgical
formation of a passage
between the stomach and
the duodenum for patients
with peptic ulcers.