Handout - Group 2
Handout - Group 2
Handout - Group 2
(Handout)
Prepared by Group 2
Members:
Four months after the martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za and Doña Teodora still in prison, Jose
was sent to Manila.
He studied in Ateneo Municipal, a college under the supervision of the Spanish Jesuits. It
was formerly known Escuela Pia(Charity School) a school for boys in Manila which was
established by the city government in 1817.
The Jesuits returned to Manila in 1859, they were given the management of the Escuela
Pia or what we now know as Ateneo de Manila
Father Magin Ferrando, who was the college registrar, refused to admit him for two
reason: (1) he was for registration and (2) he was sickly and undersized for his age. He was
then 11 years old. However, upon the intercession of Manuel Xerez Burgos, nephew of
Father Burgos, he was reluctantly at the Ateneo.
Jose was the first of his family to adit the surname “Rizal” He registered under this
name at the Ateneo because their family name “Mercado” had come under suspicion of the
Spanish authorities. Paciano had used “ Mercado” as his surname at the College of San Jose
and he was known to the authorities as Father Burgos’ favorite student confidant
At the time Jose studied in Ateneo, this college was located in Intramuros, within the
walls of Manila. He first boarded in a house outside Intramuros, on Caraballo street.
Jesuits were splendid educators, the system of Education given by the Jesuits in the
Ateneo was more advanced than that of other colleges in that period. They trained the
character of the student and enhance their academic studies in different areas.
Students also their during that time were divided into two groups,Internal/Roman
empire (boarders) and Externo/carthaginian (non-boarders). Each of these empires had its
ranks. The best student in each empire was the emperor, second best tribune, then decurion,
centurion and lastly standard bearer. Within the empire, the students fought for positions.The
two groups Roman Empire and Carthaginian Empire were in a constant competition for
supremacy in the class. They had their distinctive banners. Red for the Romans and Blue for
the Carthaginians.
Summer Vacation(1873)
Rizal returned to Calamba for his vacation. He didn’t enjoy the vacation.
Saturnina(Neneng) brought him to Tanawan.He went to Sta. Cruz and visit his mother and
told his Excellency in Ateneo.When the summer vacation ended, Rizal turned to Manila for
his second year term in Ateneo .He is now living at DOÑA PEPAY, an old landlady with
widowed daughter and four sons. At this time, Rizal boarded inside Intramuros at no.6
Magallanes St.
Nothing unusual happened to Rizal during his second term in Ateneo. He again
became an emperor; He also received excellent grades in all subjects and a gold medal. At
March 1874, he returned to Calamba for his vacation.
Rizal became the pride of the Jesuits and he obtained highest grades in all subjects. He
received the degree of Bachelor of Arts with highest honors during commencement
exercise in March 23, 1877
Rizal’s Extra-Curricular Activities in Ateneo
DRAMATIC WORK
Father Sanchez – requested Rizal to write a drama based on the prose story of St.
Eustace the Martyr.
It was apparent that Rizal and Segunda loved each other.Theirs was indeed “ a love
at first sight”. But it was hopeless since the very beginning because Segunda was already
engaged to be married to her town mate, Manuel luz. Rizal, for all his artistic and intellectual
prowess, was a shy and timid lover. Segunda has manifested, by insinuation and deeds, her
affection for him, but timidly failed to propose. At the end Segunda married Manuel Luz.
Medical Studies At the University of Santo Tomas (1877-1882)
Mother’s Opposition to Higher Education
Her Reason: If Rizal gets to learn more, the Spaniards will cut off his head.
In contrary, Paciano and Don Francisco wanted Rizal to pursue College Education.
Take note:
The Bachelor of Arts degree during Spanish times was equivalent to a high school
diploma today.
In 1877, he enrolled in UST taking the course Philosophy and Letters during his
freshman year. He took these course for 2 reasons 1.) Don Francisco liked it. And 2.)
Uncertainty on what course to take up. He seek for advice for Father Ramon Pablo but failed
to do so as he was then at Mindanao. So the next term(1878-1879), Rizal received the Ateneo
rector’s advice to study medicine. Also, Rizal wanted to cure his mother’s growing blindness.
Rizal, as usual, excelled in all subjects in the surveying course in the Ateneo,
obtaining gold medals in agriculture and topography. At the age of 17, he passed the final
examination in the surveying course, but he could not be granted the title as surveyor because
he was below age. The title was issued to him on November 25, 1881. Although Rizal was
then a Thomasian, he frequently visited the Ateneo. It was due not only to his surveying
course, but more because of his loyalty to the Ateneo, where he had so many beautiful
imemories and whose Jesuit professors, unlike the Dominicans, loved him and inspired him to
ascend to greater heights of knowledge. He continued to participate actively in the Ateneo's
extra-curricular activities.
Leonor Rivera –Taimis(pet name). A frail, beautiful girl, tender as a budding flower with
kindly wistful eyes
-Camiling, Tarlac
Because of the unfriendly attitude of his professors. Rizal, the most brilliant graduate
of the Ateneo, failed to win high scholastic honors. Although his grades in the first year of the
philosophy course were all "excellent," they were not impressive in the four years of his
medical course.
After finishing the fourth year of his medical course, Rizal decided to study in Spain.
He could no longer endure the rampant bigotry, discrimination, and hostility in the University
of Santo Tomas. His older brother readily approved his going to Spain and so did his two
sisters Saturnina (Neneng) and Lucia, Uncle Antonio Rivera, the Valenzuela family, and
some friends.
For the first time. Rizal did not seek his parents' permission and blessings to go
abroad, because he knew that they, especially his mother, would disapprove it. He did not
bring his beloved Leonor into his confidence either. He had enough common sense to know
that Leonor, being a woman, young and romantic at that, could not keep a secret. Thus Rizal's
parents, Leonor, and the Spanish authorities knew nothing of his decision to go abroad in
order to finish his medical studies in Spain, where the professors were more liberal than those
of the University of Santo Tomas.
REFERENCE:
Zaide, G & Zaide, S.(1983). Jose Rizal: Life, Works, and Writings of a Genius, Writer,
Scientist, and National Hero Second Edition.