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    The Study of Educational Psychology

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    Jordan Manlapaz
    Educational psychology is the science of human behavior applied to teaching and learning processes. It studies how teachers can understand and predict student behavior in classroom environments. Classroom environments present several challenges for teachers, as they must deal with many students simultaneously in public settings. Effective teachers display concern for student learning, clear communication skills, a positive learning environment, content knowledge, teaching skills, organization, and high expectations. The ecological approach studies behavior in the context of a person's environment, considering both internal characteristics like knowledge and skills as well as external factors like class size and organization. Science relies on observation, testable questions, replication of results, parsimony, and developing theories based on connecting facts through principles and hypotheses testing. Different types of research

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    The Study of Educational Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Jordan Manlapaz
    12 views19 pages
    Educational psychology is the science of human behavior applied to teaching and learning processes. It studies how teachers can understand and predict student behavior in classroom environments. Classroom environments present several challenges for teachers, as they must deal with many students simultaneously in public settings. Effective teachers display concern for student learning, clear communication skills, a positive learning environment, content knowledge, teaching skills, organization, and high expectations. The ecological approach studies behavior in the context of a person's environment, considering both internal characteristics like knowledge and skills as well as external factors like class size and organization. Science relies on observation, testable questions, replication of results, parsimony, and developing theories based on connecting facts through principles and hypotheses testing. Different types of research

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    Educational psychology is the science of human behavior applied to teaching and learning processes. It studies how teachers can understand and predict student behavior in classroom environments. Classroom environments present several challenges for teachers, as they must deal with many students simultaneously in public settings. Effective teachers display concern for student learning, clear communication skills, a positive learning environment, content knowledge, teaching skills, organization, and high expectations. The ecological approach studies behavior in the context of a person's environment, considering both internal characteristics like knowledge and skills as well as external factors like class size and organization. Science relies on observation, testable questions, replication of results, parsimony, and developing theories based on connecting facts through principles and hypotheses testing. Different types of research

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    12 views19 pages

    The Study of Educational Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Jordan Manlapaz
    Educational psychology is the science of human behavior applied to teaching and learning processes. It studies how teachers can understand and predict student behavior in classroom environments. Classroom environments present several challenges for teachers, as they must deal with many students simultaneously in public settings. Effective teachers display concern for student learning, clear communication skills, a positive learning environment, content knowledge, teaching skills, organization, and high expectations. The ecological approach studies behavior in the context of a person's environment, considering both internal characteristics like knowledge and skills as well as external factors like class size and organization. Science relies on observation, testable questions, replication of results, parsimony, and developing theories based on connecting facts through principles and hypotheses testing. Different types of research

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    The Study

    of
    Educational
    Psychology
    What is Educational
    Psychology?
    Educational
    psychology
    The science of human behavior
    applied to the teaching and
    learning processes.
    Why study Human
    Behavior?
    Human behavior is an individual’s action in a given
    situation. It is not random, it follow patterns, and,
    in many cases, is predictable. Behavior maybe
    predicted as reaction to external events; in turn,
    it may precipitate other behavior.
    The MULTIDIMENSIONALITY

    Teacher A teacher has to deal with many aspects and types of


    behavior, including scheduling, observing, recording, reacting
    to and evaluating it for a sizeable number of students,

    Practitioner many whom may be doing different things.

    SIMULTANEITY
    Six All of these behavior may be occuring at the same

    characteristics of
    time.

    the classroom
    environment and IMMEDIACY
    A teacher’s reactions must occur when the student
    the teacher’s behaviors occurs.

    role in it
    The UNPREDICTABILITY

    Teacher A teacher cannot always anticipate what will happen

    Practitioner PUBLIC NATURE OF THE CLASSROOM


    Six Every student gets to see what a teacher does, even

    characteristics of
    if only with another students.

    the classroom
    environment and HISTORY
    Students often anticipate and react to a teacher’s
    the teacher’s prior behavior in a situation similar to one in the past.

    role in it
    Applying Psychology
    to Education
    TRANSACTIONAL MODEL OF
    THE TEACHING-LEARNING FACTORS IN TEACHING-
    PROCESS LEARNING PROCESS
    Illustrates the many factors that
    combine to influence student
    achievement, including the 1. Instructional manipulations
    characteristics and behaviors of 2. Learner characteristics
    students and teachers. 3. Learning processes
    4. Learning outcomes
    5. Outcome Performance
    Educational
    Psychology and the
    Role of the Teacher
    CONSTRAINTS TO SCHOOL LEARNING VS
    LIMITATIONS OF APPLYING NEW REAL-WORLD LEARNING
    TEACHERS IN THEIR KNOWLEDGE School learning focuses on individual
    performance because students are
    APPLICATION OF Groups of students are evaluated as individuals. Real-world
    EDUCATIONAL organized into classes, which learning, focuses on socially shared
    often large, with teaching and performance because people work
    PSYCHOLOGY learning confined to in teams and contribute to only a
    classrooms. portion of the final outcome.
    Characteristics of the Effective Teacher
    AN ECOLOGICAL MODEL

    Concern for student learning


    Ability to communicate clearly
    Ability to create a positive learning
    environment
    Knowledge of the content
    Skills in teaching
    Ability to organize and plan
    effectively
    High expectations for oneself and
    students
    Think it Over

    AS A LEARNER
    Think of a teacher you have had who has been
    effective. What were some of the characteristics
    pf that teacher? Which, if any, of these
    characteristics appear in the list earlier?

    AS A TEACHER
    Which two of the characteristics of effective
    teachers do you feel would most important to you,
    and how might you go about developing them in your
    self?
    Characteristics of the Effective Teacher
    ECOLOGICAL APPROACH
    John Dewey was one of the earliest advocates for considering the effects of
    the environment on a given behavior.Studying an individual’s behavior within the
    context of his or her environment.

    INTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS
    Knowledge of and interest in subject matter
    Effective communications skills
    Cognitive flexibility
    Fairness and expression of care and concern for students.
    EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS
    'Behavior of students
    Number of students in class
    Size of classroom
    Organization of classroom
    Characteristics of the Effective Teacher

    REFLECTIVE TEACHING

    The process of asking questions about


    your teaching and attempting to identify
    answers.
    Characteristics of the Effective Teacher
    THINK IT OVER
    As a learner: What was the last unexpected
    situation or circumstance in which you had
    little experience? How did you handle it?What
    was the result? What did you learn from it

    As a Teacher: How could you put the


    experience you describe above and its result
    to good use in a classroom?
    The Tenets of Science
    Science is the identification, description, and explanation of naturally
    occurring phenomena.
    Observation- The process of recording something with reliable and
    valid instruments.
    Testable questions- Questions that are falsifiable or capable of being
    disproved.
    Replication- Conducting numerous, independent studies and collecting
    information over a period of time to judge whether results are
    consistent.
    Parsimony- The scientific rule that the simpler of two competing
    theories is the preferable theory.
    Facts, Principles,
    Theories
    Facts: Disconnected pieces of knowledge and
    information.
    for example: It is a fact that expecting to be in a
    stressful situation makes a person anxious
    THEORIES
    Principles: Expand on and connect several facts, Collections of principles
    help create meaning, and establish associations (which are based on
    between facts. They are “if-then” statements facts) and are even more
    For example: If you push a round object, then it general and more inclusive
    will roll than principles.
    How do we know if a
    Theory is Accurate?
    Because theories are based on facts, we can test theoris by gathering facts that relate to the
    theory.

    Hypothesis- are made about what is expected to happen or which facts are expected to be
    observed in a given situation.

    Induction- when specific facts are used to create more general theories that explain those
    facts
    Deduction- when general theories are used to create specific facts that will help test those
    theories.
    Paradigm- a design or framework that can be used repeatedly for testing the relationship
    within a set of variables or factors that affect behavior.
    Different Types of
    Research
    EXPERIMENTAL
    SINGLE SUBJECT
    Two groups, one receiving an
    intervention, the other are not,
    are compared on outcomes. The behavior of one student is
    Ideally, students are assigned at a measured in its original state (baseline)
    random to one of the two groups. and again after having received an
    intervention or treatment
    Different Types of
    Research
    CORRELATIONAL
    OBSERVATIONAL
    Two or more sets of data, based
    on test scores or observations,
    are compared statistically to see Behavior is observed in naturally-
    if there is a relationship between occurring situations, and those
    them. observations and resulting conclusions
    are reported.
    Thank You!
    DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS FOR ME?

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