For and Against Essays Useful Phrases

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For and Against Essays

Useful expressions/linking words/phrases

• To list points
Firstly, first of all, in the first place, to begin/start with, secondly, thirdly, finally
• To list advantages
One/another/an additional (major) advantage of…, the main/greatest/first advantage of…
• To list disadvantages
One/another/a further/an additional disadvantage/drawback of…, another negative
aspect of…
• To introduce arguments for/against
One very convincing point/argument in favour of…/against…, a further common criticism
of…, it could be argued that…

It is often claimed/suggested that…


widely argued/maintained
generally felt/believed/held

Some may claim/suggest/argue/feel that…


Most people maintain/believe/point out/agree/hold that…
Scientists/sceptics oppose the view that…
Critics are in favour of/against…
Many are of the opinion that/convinced that/opposed to..
• To add more points to the same topic
In addition to this, furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from, what is more, as well as,
not to mention the fact that, also, not only, there is another side to the
issue/question/argument of…
• To make contrasting points
On the other hand, however, still, yet, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, even so, it may be
said/argued claimed that…, others oppose this viewpoint/strongly
disagree/claim/feel/believe this argument is incorrect/misguided
Although, though, even though, while whilst, whereas, despite, in spite of the fact that,
regardless of the fact that
Opponents of … argue believe/claim that…
The fact that …contradicts the belief/idea that…
While it is true to say that…., in fact
While/although… it cannot be denied that…
• To introduce examples:
For example, for instance, such as, like, in particular, particularly, especially, this is
clearly illustrated by the fact that, one clear/striking example of, the fact
that…illustrates that…
• To emphasise a point:
Clearly, obviously, it is obvious, naturally, of course, needless to say, indeed
• To express reality:
in fact, the fact of the matter is…, actually, in practice, it is a fact that…, in effect
• To make general statements:
As a general rule, generally, in general, on the whole, by and large, in most cases
• To make partially correct statements:
To a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree, in a way/sense, this is partly true,
but…, to a limited extent, there is some truth in this, in some cases, up to a point.
• To explain/clarify a point:
In other words, that is to say, this/which means that…
• To express cause:
Owing to, due to, on account of, on the grounds that, given that, because, as, since
• To express effect:
Therefore, thus, as a result/consequence, consequently, so, for this reason, if…were to
happen, the effect/result would be…
• To express intention:
to, so as to, in order to, so that, with the intention of…
• Conclusion expressing balanced considerations:

In conclusion, it can/must be said/claimed that..


On balance, it seems/appears that…
All things considered, it would seem that…
Taking everything into it is likely/possible/foreseeable that…
account/consideration, it is clear/obvious that…
To conclude, there is no/little doubt that…
To sum up, the best course of action would be…
All in all, achieving a balance between … would ..
Finally/Lastly, it is true to say that…
All things considered, there is no obvious conclusion to be drawn/there is no obvious
answer to,
There is no absolute answer to the question…
In the light of this evidence, it is clear/obvious that…
• Conclusion expressing opinion directly
In conclusion it is my belief/opinion that…
On balance, I firmly believe/feel/think..
All things considered, I am convinced that…
Taking everything into I am inclined to believe that…
account/consideration, I (do not) agree that…
To conclude,
To sum up,
All in all,
Taking everything into consideration, I therefore conclude/believe/feel that…
For the above mentioned reasons, therefore, I firmly believe that…

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