5070/21 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme May/June 2021

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Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) E 1

1(a)(ii) A 1

1(a)(iii) E 1

1(a)(iv) D 1

1(a)(v) F 1

1(b) C and F 1

Question Answer Marks

2(a) argon 1

2(b) (air) balloons / undersea breathing apparatus 1

2(c) outer shell has 8 electrons 1

2(d)(i) 86 protons / 86 electrons / same electronic structure 1

2(d)(ii) radon-222 has two more neutrons / radon-220 has two fewer neutrons / radon-220 has 134 neutrons and radon-222 has 1
136 neutrons

2(e) percentage of xenon = 60.4 (1) 3

mole ratio Xe : O : F is 60.4 / 130 : 22.1 / 16 : 17.5 / 19

OR
0.46 : 1.38 : 0.92 (1)

empirical formula XeO3F2 (1)

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5070/21 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme May/June 2021
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Question Answer Marks

2(f)(i) volume increases 1

AND
particles move faster / particles spread out more / particles move further apart

2(f)(ii) volume decreases 1

AND
particles move closer together / distance between particles decreases

2(f)(iii) moles = 21 / 24 OR 0.875 (1) 2

mass = 18 (g) (1)

Question Answer Marks

3(a)(i) fractional distillation 1

3(a)(ii) Any one from: 1

diesel – fuel for cars or lorries (1)

paraffin / kerosene – heating / cooking / aviation fuel (1)

bitumen – water proofing / roofing / road surfaces (1)

heating oil – fuel for heating (1)

lubricating or heavy oils – lubrication / fuels for ships (1)

3(a)(iii) cracking / heating strongly (in presence of a catalyst) (1) 2

large hydrocarbons or naphtha fraction broken down / (1)

3(b)(i) cannot be decayed / cannot be decomposed (by natural or bacterial action) 1

3(b)(ii) incineration causes poisonous gases / litter / plastic waste in the sea / killing animals / takes up space in landfill sites 1

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5070/21 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme May/June 2021
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Question Answer Marks

3(b)(iii) H H H H 2

H C C C C H
H Cl H Cl
one repeat unit shown (1)

at least two repeat units and extension bonds at both ends (1)

3(b)(iv) 100 tonnes 1

because
it is addition polymerisation / it is an addition reaction / no other product is produced

3(b)(v) CH3CH2Cl 1

Question Answer Marks

4(a) Any two from: 2

soluble in water (1)

insoluble in organic solvents (1)

high melting point / solid at room temperature (1)

4(b) coloured / forms a blue ppt with NaOH or NH3 1

4(c) copper loses electrons and chlorine gains electrons (1) 2

reference to (transfer of) two electrons (1)

4(d)(i) iodide (ion) loses electrons 1

4(d)(ii) Cu2+ (ion) gains electrons / copper(II) ions gain electrons 1

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5070/22 Cambridge O Level – Mark Scheme October/November 2020
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Question Answer Marks

4(a) oxygen 1

4(b) 2Li + 2H2O → 2LiOH + H2 1

4(c)(i) all have one electron in their outer shell 1

4(c)(ii) increases down the Group ORA 1

4(d) 16 3
mol hydrogen peroxide = OR 0.471
34

0.471
mol oxygen = OR 0.235 (1)
2

volume of oxygen = 5.65 (dm3) (1)

4(e)(i) cracking (hydrocarbons) / electrolysis (of water) 1

4(e)(ii) any two from: 2

• water is only product / no other product than water

• no pollutants made / no harmful exhaust fumes / no harmful gas made
• greater efficiency / less heat loss / more energy per gram of fuel
• (hydrogen is) renewable source of fuel / uses renewable source of fuel / uses renewable source of energy

Question Answer Marks

5(a)(i) to make petrol / to produce fuels which are needed the most / to make hydrogen 1

5(a)(ii) C10H22 1

5(b)(i) CnH2n 1

5(b)(ii) C3H8O 1

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Question Answer Marks

5(b)(iii) carbon monoxide (1) 2

water (1)

5(c) CH3 H CH3 H CH3H 2

ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ
─C – C – C – C – C – C ─
ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ ǀ
H H H H H H (2)

if 2 marks not scored: 1 mark for this structure without extension bonds / 1 mark for this structure terminating with H atom(s) at
one or both ends

Question Answer Marks

6(a) (acid which is) partially / slightly ionised (in water) / (acid which is) partially / slightly dissociated (in water) 1

6(b)(i) 2HCO2H + Mg → (HCO2)2Mg + H2 1

6(b)(ii) rate decreases because: 2

fewer (magnesium) particles exposed / fewer particles on the surface (of the magnesium) (1)

less frequent collisions / particles collide less often / collision rate decreases (1)

6(c) propyl methanoate (1) 2

O H H H
ǁ ǀ ǀ ǀ
H–C–O–C–C–C–H
ǀ ǀ ǀ
H H H (1)

6(d)(i) ethanol 1

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Question Answer Marks

6(d)(ii) oxidation 1

6(e)(i) values between 1.00 and 1.21 (inclusive) 1

6(e)(ii) (boiling points) increase because forces of attraction between molecules are larger / (boiling points) increase because the 1
intermolecular forces increase

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Question Answer Marks

B7(a) 1 mark each of any four from: 4

• Use of excess lead(II) oxide
• Use of nitric acid
• Warm the solution / use warm / hot nitric acid
• Filter mixture to get the solution
• Evaporate some of the solution and leave / leave to crystallise / warm to
crystallisation point / leave on window sill (to crystallise) / evaporate
solution then cool
B7(b) Pb2+(aq) + 2I–(aq) → PbI2(s) 2

Correct formulae and balance (1)

State symbols – dependent on correct formulae (1)

B7(c)(i) Cathode – hydrogen / H2 (1) 2
Anode – oxygen / O2 (1)
B7(c)(ii) 2H+ + 2e– → H2 1
B7(d) 2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2 1
Total 10

Question Answer Marks

B8(a)(i) Contains (one or more) carbon-carbon double bond / contains C=C bond 1
B8(a)(ii) Contains only carbon and hydrogen / contains carbon and hydrogen and no 1
other element
B8(b) 2C6H10 + 17O2 → 12CO2 + 10H2O (1) 1
B8(c)(i) C6H10Br2 (1) 1
B8(c)(ii) (bromine / solution) goes colourless / decolourised (1) 1
B8(d) Moles of C6H14 = 3.0 (1) 2

Mass of C6H12 = 246 (1)

B8(e)(i) Mole ratio C: H = 7.35 : 11.8 (1) 2

Idea of dividing by smallest / simplest ratio is 1 : 1.6 AND × 5 (1)

B8(e)(ii) H H 1
H C
H
C C
H
C C
H
H
H (1)
Total 10

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Question Answer Marks

B9(a) Bond breaking absorbs energy and bond making releases energy / bond
breaking is endothermic and bond making is exothermic (1) 2

Less energy absorbed than released / more energy released than absorbed /
endothermic energy change is less than exothermic energy change /
exothermic energy change is more than endothermic energy change (1)
B9(b) Moles of methanol = 5 (1) 2
Energy released = 455 kJ (1)
B9(c)(i) Position of equilibrium moves to the right / equilibrium shifts to the product side 2
(1)

Fewer moles on product side / more moles on reactant side / greater volume (of
gas) on left ORA / greater number of molecules on the left ORA (1)
B9(c)(ii) Position of equilibrium moves to the left / equilibrium shifts to the reactant side 2
(1)

Reaction is exothermic / forward reaction is exothermic / backward reaction is

endothermic (1)
B9(d)(i) Butanoic acid (1) 1
B9(d)(ii) (Mineral) acid (1) 1
Total 10

© Cambridge International Examinations 2016