Summer Tranning

government polytechinc kenaura
sultanpur, uttar pradesh

PRESENTATION
ON
SUMMER TRAINING FROM UPPCL
33/11 KV SUB-STATION, ATRAULIA
AZAMGARH (U.P.)
PRESENTED BY:- SUBMITTED TO:-

Aman Sharma Mr.Satyam Prakash Shrivastav
Roll No 14 (HOD . EE Dept.)
E.no E21271732800015
CONTENTS
➢ SUBSTATION
➢ SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
➢ CONCEPT OF BUS
➢ EQUIPMENTS AT BUS STATION
➢ WHAT IS TRANSFORMER
➢ PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
➢ TESTING IN TRANSFORMER
➢ CIRCUIT BREAKER
➢ ISOLATOR
➢ RELAY
➢ INSULATOR
➢ LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
➢ CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND POTENTIAL TRNSFORMER
➢ REFERENCES
WHAT IS A SUBSTATION
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and
distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to
low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important
functions. Electric power may flow through several substations
between generating plant and consumer, and its voltage may
change in several steps.
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
Single line diagram do not show the exact electrical

connection of the circuit. As the name suggests, SLDs use a
single line to represent all three phases. They show the
relative electrical interconnections of generators,
transformers, transmission and distribution lines, loads,
circuit breakers, etc., used in assembling the power
system. The amount of information included in an SLD
depends o n the purpose for which the diagram is used.
CONCEPT OF BUS
1. The concept of bu s is Same as
t h e concept of a n o d e i n an
electrical circuit.
2. There is o n e bu s for each
phase.
3. Shown i n SLDs as l i n e s
co n n e c t in g e q u i p m e n t t o
t h e b u s e s.
4. Mad of a l u mi n u m or copper
bars or pipes and can b e several
mete r s long.
5. The i mp e d a n c e of b u s e s is
very low, practically zero, s o
electrically t h e w h o l e b us is at
t h e s a m e potential .
EQUIPMENTS AT THE SUBSTATION
➢ MAJOR EQUIPMENT:
1. POWER TRANSFORMERS
➢ MEASURING INSTRUMENTS:
1. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
2. POTENTIALTRANSFORMER
➢ PROTECTING DEVICES:
1. ISOLATOR
2. CIRCUIT BREAKER
3. RELAY
4. LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
WHAT IS TRANSFORMER
A transformer is an electrical
apparatus designed to convert
alternating current from one
voltage to another. It can be
designed to "step up" or "step
down" voltages and works on the
magnetic induction principle.
PARTS OF THE TRANSFORMER
1. Transformer Tank
2. High Voltage Bushing
3. Low Voltage Bushing
4. Cooling Fins/Radiator
5. Cooling Fans
6. Conservator Tank
7. System Ground Terminal
8. Drain Valve
9. Dehydrating breather
10. Oil
11. Temperature/Pressure gauges
12. Bushing Current Transformers
13. Control Panel
14. Surge Arresters
CIRCUIT BREAKER
1. The basic functions of circuit breaker is protection, which is
interruption of short-circuit and overload fault currents.
2. High-voltage breakers are nearly always solenoid-operated, with
current sensing protective relays operated through current
transformers.
❑ High-voltage breakers are broadly classified by the medium used
extinguish the arc.
a) Bulk oil
b) Minimum oil
c) Air blast
d) Vacuum
e) SF6
ISOLAOTRS
It is just like a switch is used to make
sure that an electrical circuit can be
completely de- energized for service or
maintenance.
Difference b/w Isolator and circuit
Breaker
➢ An isolator r is an off load device,
whereas Circuit Breaker is an On load device.
➢ Isolators are operated manually. Circuit Breakers
are operated automatically.
➢ Isolators have the low withstand capacity as
compared to that of Circuit Breaker.
RELAY
A protective relay is an
electromechanical
apparatus, often with
more than one coil,
designed to calculate
operating conditions
on an electrical circuit
and trip circuit
breakers when a fault is
detected.
INSULATOR
An electrical insulator is a
material in which the electron
does not flow freely or the atom
of the insulator have tightly
bound electrons whose internal
electric charges do not flow
freely; very little electric current
will flow through it under the
influence of an electric field.
LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
❑ A lightning arrester is a device
used on electrical power
systems to protect the
insulation and conductors of
the system from the damaging
effects of lightning.
❑ When a lightning surge travels
along the power line to the
arrester, the current from the
surge is diverted through the
arrestor, in most cases to earth.
CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER
❑ Current transformers (CT), together with

Potential transformers (PT) are known
as instrument transformers.
❑ A current transformer is a type of
transformer that is used to reduce or multiply
an alternating current. It produces a current
in its secondary which is proportional to the
current in its primary.
❑ The potential transformer may be defined as
an instrument transformer used for the
transformation of voltage from a higher
value to the lower value.
CT PT
33/11 KV Substation Yard
CONCLUSION
➢ The main function of the substation is to collect the energy
transmitted at high voltage from the generating station and then
reduce the voltage to an appropriate value for local distribution and
gives facilities for switching.
➢ 33/11 kv Substation is used to step down voltage from 33 kv to 11kv
and the output is connected to feeder for local utility.
➢ substation of rating 33/11kV means, the substation has been
designed to receive 5 MVA of power at 33 kV and it will distribute
the same on 11 kV.

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government polytechinc kenaura

sultanpur, uttar pradesh

PRESENTED BY:- SUBMITTED TO:-

Single line diagram do not show the exact electrical

❑ Current transformers (CT), together with

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