Follow The Format - Formal Letter

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Follow a formal letter format when writing formal letters

When writing a formal or business letter, there are certain rules and conventions that need to be
followed. These rules ensure that the letter maintains a professional tone and is easily understood by
the recipient. Furthermore, you must try to write as simply and clearly as possible, and avoid
making the letter longer than necessary. Remember not to use informal language like contractions.

1) Include your name and contact information


The return address should be written in the top right-hand corner of a formal letter. This will usually
your address, but could be any other address to which a reply should be sent.

2) Include the recipient's name and address


Add the address of the person you are writing to. The recipient's address should be written on the
left, often starting below your address. If you are going to print and post the letter using a windowed
envelope, make sure you align this address with the clear plastic window.

3) Include the date


Different people put the date on different sides of the page. You can write this on the right or the left
on the line after the address you are writing to. Write the month as a word.

4) Use the right salutation


The tip to starting a formal English letter is to greet the person you're writing to in the correct way.
This is known as the Salutation. If you know the name of the person you're writing to then use 'Sir'
or 'Madam' here, otherwise write their full name, including their title. Remember, try not to be too
informal or casual.

Examples:
a) If you do not know the name of the person you are writing to, use the following form (it is always
advisable to try to find out a name):

Dear Madam,
Dear Sir,
Dear Sir or Madam,

b) If you know the name, use the title (Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms, Dr, etc.) and the family name only. If
you are writing to a woman and do not know if she uses Mrs or Miss, you can use Ms, which is for
both married and single women.

Dear Mr Jenkins,
Dear Ms Hamers,
Dear Mrs Hutchins,
Dear Miss Davis,
Dear Dr Green,
Etc.

5) Create the body of your formal letter


The content of a formal letter should be clear, concise, and relevant to the purpose of the letter. The
body of your letter should not include any unnecessary information or informal language.

Be direct and try to keep it as brief as possible, often between three or four paragraphs in total.
The first paragraph should be kept short and is designed to introduce you and to state the purpose of
the letter- to make an enquiry, complain, request something, etc.

The paragraph or paragraphs in the middle of the letter should contain the relevant information
behind the writing of the letter. Most letters in English are not very long, so keep the information to
the essentials and concentrate on organising it in a clear and logical manner rather than expanding
too much.

The last paragraph of a formal letter should state what action you expect the recipient to take- to
refund, send you information, etc.

6) Close the letter with a formal sign-off


Just as there are conventions about creating the salutation for your letter, there are also rules about
how you close or sign-off your letter. If you do not know the name of the person, end the letter
using 'Yours faithfully'. If you know the recipient's name, use 'Yours sincerely'.

7) Add your signature


Sign your name, then print it underneath your signature using capital letters (or type it). If you think
the person you are writing to might not know whether you are male of female, put your title in
brackets after your name. Optionally, it can also be helpful to include your phone number and email
address.

8) Proofread your letter


Now that you've completed the first draft of your letter, read if over from start to finish and check
for any errors in grammar and spelling. Make sure it reads well and that the recipient will
understand what the letter is about.

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