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Script

(Slide 1: Greeting; research title, name of researchers)

Good day! We are Group 2 of Grade 12 STEM J, I’m Nina Alvaran.

I’m Kyle Palor

And I’m John Louie Torio.

Today, we will be discussing our research proposal entitled “Perspective of Farmers regarding
Greenhouse Technology”.

(Slide 2: Keywords)

To begin, we shall discuss the keywords of the study.

Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways that meets society's current nutrition needs
without compromising the current or future generations' ability.

While greenhouse technology provides plants with a favorable environment; modern agricultural
production methods are becoming increasingly reliant on\ and viable with greenhouse
technology. These technologies offer a viable alternative to ensuring food availability, one of
humanity's most pressing issues in the twenty-first century.

(Slide 3: Introduction + Background)

Greenhouse technology provides plants with a favorable atmosphere; modern agricultural

production methods are becoming increasingly dependent on greenhouse technology. The plants
are protected from harmful climatic factors such as wind, cold, precipitation, excessive radiation,
extreme heat, insects, and parasites. These technologies provide a workable alternative on
securing food availability, one of humanity's most significant problems in the twenty-first
century.

The emergence of greenhouse technology has been and is practiced today, yet some farmers still
want to do traditional farming. As droughts brought on by climate change become more frequent
and put a strain on food resources, the new greenhouse technologies have shown significant
effects on sustainable farming. To verify the claim of this technology, thus, this paper aims to
assist local farmers in enhancing and strengthening crop production.

Growing crops and vegetables in a greenhouse have been increasingly effective in recent years
because of the latest technological improvements. In most cases, doing so enables local farmers
to improve productivity and yields while enhancing the quality of crop products. Aside from this,
according to External Guest Writer (2021) crops grown in greenhouses are protected from
outside hazards such as pests and severe weather. As a nation frequently hit by typhoons, farmers
in the Philippines would fare better if they adopted greenhouse technology that follows
sustainable agriculture. With the employment of technology coupled with greenhouse farming,
local farmers would produce and grow more crops on small plots all year round that are
protected not only from adverse weather conditions but also from seasonality, scarcity of water,
and pest attacks. Subsequently, greenhouse farming as described by DA Communications Group
(2022) could enable farmers to earn more income during rainy seasons. Consequently, the
greenhouse farming system makes it possible for local farmers to increase their income during
wet seasons.

In the study of Mallya (2019), it was found that farmers favored greenhouse farming over
open-field farming because it is easier to operate since it only requires a small land area and
makes it easier to manage climate variations. Greenhouses have unique roof covers that regulate
temperature and make pests and diseases easy to control. Furthermore, the respondents agreed
that greenhouse farming provided high yields and higher farmer revenue. Farmers also claim to
adopt greenhouse farming technology as it is easy to detect changes and simple to irrigate
because it conserves more water by reducing the evaporation rate.

According to Agriculture Secretary William Dar during an interview, it is more challenging to

provide food security due to the consequences of climate change and the damage caused by
natural disasters, together with the constantly expanding population according to DA
Communications Group (2022). By scaling up greenhouse technologies in the Philippines, it will
be possible to solve issues with the food supply that are not merely caused by natural calamities
but also the impending Covid-19 pandemic, Secretary William Dar added.

(Slide 4: SOPs)

To dive into the research, we aim to answer the following questions:

1.) How does greenhouse technology help in sustainable farming systems?

2.)What are the most significant limitations and advantages perceived by the farmers regarding
greenhouse technology?

3.) Do farmers acknowledge the use of greenhouse technology?

(Slide 5: Objectives)

As such, this research paper aims to delve into, examine, and determine how farmers see
greenhouse technology which will benefit their production and the implementation of similar
projects in the future, as well as verify the said claims of greenhouse technology to local farmers.

(Slide 6: Significance)

This study would help farmers, community, local government, and future researchers. The
farmers will benefit from this study by knowing how greenhouse technology helps sustainable
farming, enhancing their knowledge and awareness of greenhouses, and how this will help in
their crop production. This study will help the community as it will help them understand and
become aware of how greenhouse technology for sustainable agriculture works and how it
affects them as consumers. Furthermore, it will improve the lives of the individuals in the
community by encouraging them to become more self-reliant and develop innovative ways to
use natural resources to their advantage. This study will assist the local government in
determining which aspects they should look into in greenhouse technology and how they can
help farmers engage for effective crop production. Lastly, this study will give other researchers a
basis for further exploration of how greenhouse technology helps sustainable farming.

Slide 7: Scope and Delimitation

This study will primarily focus on the farmers’ perspective of greenhouse technology, a
qualitative research which utilizes phenomenological research design. Furthermore, the
researchers aim to identify how greenhouse technology helps in sustainable farming systems, the
limitations perceived by the farmers for the adoption of greenhouse technology, and how farmers
acknowledge the adoption of this technology.

The study will be delimited to the participation of five (5) farmers in Gapan, Nueva Ecija, since
they are perceived to have the right information on greenhouse technology. The study would be
done through the utilization of online questionnaires to the farmers as a data collection tool and
the data will be analyzed using Inductive Content Analysis. To ensure that the results
demonstrate a solid connection to the examined data, the researcher should revisit the original
data multiple times throughout the analytical process.

Slide 8: Methodology ( research design)

This research study will utilize the qualitative phenomenological research design to investigate
the farmers’ experience from a personal standpoint, which allows us to examine their commonly
held beliefs and perceptions. According to Delve and Limpaecher (2022), this design enables the
researchers to comprehend the universal nature of a phenomenon by analyzing the perspectives
of people who have experienced it.

This qualitative phenomenological study aims to comprehend and characterize farmers'

perceptions of greenhouse technology. The methodology examines the farmers' experience in
daily life while putting aside the researchers' prior notions about the phenomenon.
Slide 9: Population and locale

The participants of this qualitative study will be farmers from Gapan, Nueva Ecija, who are
familiar with greenhouse technologies. This study's respondents will include five (5) farmers
who will be asked about their views and knowledge on greenhouse technology. The researchers
will use simple random sampling, selecting a subset of farmers randomly.

Slide 10: Instrumentation

For the instrumentation of the study, a semi-structured survey questionnaire will be utilized to
efficiently and rapidly collect the farmers’ responses. The questionnaire is divided into three (3)
sections. The first section will request information on the respondents' demographics, including
name, gender, age, and contact details. The second section will cover the extent of their
knowledge by questioning their opinions and ideas regarding greenhouse farming, while the last
section will determine the farmers' perceptions of greenhouse technology as assessed by
Questionnaire for Farmers Scale-up AgroNets. The Questionnaire for Farmers Scale-up
AgroNets by Micro Finanza aims to investigate the experiences of farmers with greenhouses.
The researchers will adapt the third section of the questionnaire which specifically measures the
respondent’s performance and appreciation of greenhouses.

Slide 11: Data Collection Procedure

The study will be conducted during the school year 2022-2023 at Saint Louis University
Laboratory Senior High School in a more technically applied manner. During the month of
September, the researchers have selected their main topic upon agreement. In relation to our
main topic, the researchers will come up with a questionnaire.

Before conducting the study, the researchers will send a letter to the Principal and the
Research Adviser. The letter will ask for the permission of the Principal and the Research
Adviser to gather data outside the school premises. When the researchers are granted permission
to conduct data collection, the researchers will seek farmers in Gapan, Nueva Ecija, who are
knowledgeable about greenhouse technology. Then, the researchers will send a letter to the
farmers who have the potential to be involved in the study. The letter will ask for their
wholehearted participation and explain the purpose of the study. Additionally, it will guarantee
the confidentiality of the participant's responses.

Afterward, the researchers will send an email to their Research Adviser and ask for their
assistance in validating the questionnaire. When the questionnaire is validated, the researchers
will use Google Forms to present the questionnaires. The researchers will then distribute the
online questionnaires to the respondents via Gmail. The researchers will use Inductive Content
Analysis to analyze and evaluate the gathered data in an organized manner.

Slide 12: Data Analysis

Data will be collected on demographic features, followed by farmers’ experiences,

perception, advantages, limitations on greenhouse technology adoption. The researchers will
conduct an Inductive Content Analysis, which is useful in qualitative research with an inductive
starting line or with loosely defined themes following an open data collection method.

According to Elo et al. (2014), the following steps will be observed in conducting a
basic inductive content analysis: (I) preparation; (II) organization and coding; and (III) analysis
and summarization of coding. Preparation includes identifying the data collection and sampling
strategy, as well as selecting the unit of analysis. Organization involves data categorization
and abstraction, interpretation, and checking the representativeness of the sample data collected.
Lastly, analysis of the encoded data includes logical and systematic summarization of the results.

Slide 14: Thank you

That concludes our presentation. Thank you for listening.

Probable questions by the panels:

add your answers here :)

1. Why did you choose this topic?

 - The researchers want to contribute in the field of sustainabale agriculture,
specifically in the adoption of greenhouse technology in the farming systems,
towards the expansion of knowledge about this topic. Additionally, we chose this
topic to identify how greenhouse technology helps in sustainable farming
systems, to see problems or challenges from different angles and to identify how
farmers acknowledge the adoption of greenhouse technology to further develop a
better understanding and knowledge regarding the topic.
2. Did you bridge any gaps in your study?
- This study addressed the research gap in the available studies, which is the lack of
studies associating the farmers' perspectives on how practical greenhouse farming
is to Filipino farmers, with the few existing studies focusing more on the
government's viewpoint. This is done by analyzing the limitations and
advantages perceived by the farmers regarding greenhouse technology.
3. Why did you use that research methodology?
4. In what way(s) does your research project contribute to knowledge?
- Our research aims to find out how greenhouse technology helps in sustainable
farming systems. We also seek to identify the significant limitations and
advantages perceived by the farmers regarding greenhouse technology. Lastly, we
want to confirm whether or not farmers acknowledge the use of greenhouse
technology.
5. What theories or theoretical framework is your study based on?
- The framework of our study is supported by the Norm Activation Theory by
Shalom Schwartz. This theory aims to explain how acts of altruism and
environmentally friendly behavior are affected by personal norms. What this
means is that the personal values shaped by a person’s upbringing and
environment heavily influences their outlook and behavior towards things like
sustainable agriculture and its implementation.
6. Do you think your proposed study is timely and relevant?
- Yes, the researchers think that our study is timely and relevant. Attempts to end
global poverty were severely hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Rising food
prices have sparked a global catastrophe that is driving millions more people into
 extreme poverty and escalating hunger and malnutrition (World Bank, 2022). By
scaling up greenhouse technologies in the Philippines, it will be possible to
address food supply issues caused not only by natural disasters but also by the
impending COVID-19 pandemic, according to Secretary William Dar.
- As a nation frequently hit by typhoons, farmers in the Philippines would fare
better if they adopted greenhouse technology that follows sustainable agriculture.
Local farmers would produce and grow more crops on small plots all year round,
protected not only from adverse weather conditions, but also from seasonality,
scarcity of water, and pest attacks, if technology and greenhouse farming were
used.
7. What limitations did you encounter in your study?
8. Does the proposed study have practical significance?
- The study can be helpful to farmers, community, local government, and future
researchers. The farmers will benefit from this study by knowing how greenhouse
technology helps sustainable farming, enhancing their knowledge and awareness
of greenhouses, and how this will help in their crop production. This study will
help the community as it will help them understand and become aware of how
greenhouse technology for sustainable agriculture works and how it affects them
as consumers. This study will assist the local government in determining which
aspects they should look into in greenhouse technology and how they can help
farmers engage for effective crop production. Lastly, this study will give other
researchers a basis for further exploration of how greenhouse technology helps
sustainable farming.
-
9. For existing instruments, how do you know it is valid for your sample and how will
you establish reliability for your sample?
10. If there is any possibility that your research will have an impact on those you study,
how will you ensure that they are not harmed by the research?
11. How will you actually collect the data for your study (observation, interviews,
document analysis, focus group, photography and video, etc.)?
 12. Who are the subjects in general and who is available for study? How will you reach
them?

-Farmers and those people who want to start farming. We can possibly reach them by
searching and going to farms and doing surveys on people who are interested in farming.

13. What is the biggest or most common misperception about Farmers’ Perspective
Regarding Greenhouse Technology?
- The most common misperception about farmers is that farmers are generally
uneducated. Farming is difficult, and quality products are not resigned to prayers
and luck. Farmers must know how to gauge circumstances and devise backup
plans for storms, floods, pests, and other factors that could put their crops to
waste. And farmers are poor. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority
(PSA), as of 2019, farmers remain one of the poorest sectors in the country. This
is primarily due to inadequate government policies, high farming costs and low
yield, weather conditions, and the market value of specific crops. On the other
hand, farming is also the go-to investment of business-minded people.
14. Can you explain how you implement your study?
15. How is your study covering your variables?

Contributions: (Script, PPT, Questions, Answers, etc.)

Agustin -
Alvaran - Script, PPT, Questions
Echipare - Answers,
Isibido - Answers,
Manaois - Questions,
Mangahas - Answers,
Palor - Answers,
Simpliciano - Questions, Answers
Soriano - ppt
Torio - Bg for gmeet,
Valerozo -