PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR

13233:2007
Incorporating
corrigendum no. 1

Advanced technical
ceramics — Notations
and symbols

ICS 01.060; 01.075; 81.060.30

12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:
PD CEN/TR 13233:2007

National foreword

This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 13233:2007. It

supersedes DD ENV 13233:2000 which is withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated
in the text by tags ˜™. Text altered by CEN corrigendum October 2007 is
indicated in the text by ˆ‰.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Amendments issued since publication

This Published Document was
published under the authority Amd. No. Date Comments
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee 17519 31 December 2007 See national foreword. Change to the
on 31 May 2007 Corrigendum No. 1 identifier on the PD CEN/TR front
cover, PD CEN/TR inside front cover
and PD CEN/TR back page
© BSI 2007

ISBN 978 0 580 60823 0

TECHNICAL REPORT CEN/TR 13233
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT February 2007

ICS 01.060; 01.075; 81.060.30 Supersedes ENV 13233:1998

Incorporating corrigendum October 2007

English Version

Advanced technical ceramics - Notations and symbols

Céramiques techniques avancées - Notations et symboles Hochleistungskeramik - Benennungen und Formelzeichen

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 25 December 2006. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 184.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 13233:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
CEN/TR 13233:2007

Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................. 3
1 Scope...................................................................................................................................................... 4
2 Normative references ........................................................................................................................... 4
3 Symbols, units and notations.............................................................................................................. 4
3.1 General symbols ................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Symbols and notations specific to ceramic matrix composites ...................................................... 4
3.3 Symbols, definitions and units............................................................................................................ 7
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 17

2
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 13233:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184
“Advanced technical ceramics”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.

This document supersedes ENV 13233:1998.

3
CEN/TR 13233:2007

1 Scope
This Technical Report defines the symbols to be used to represent physical, mechanical and thermal
characteristics, as determined by methods described in relevant CEN publications, for advanced
technical ceramics, including ceramic matrix composites. It is a guide for writing the symbols of
quantities of these materials to avoid confusion in reporting measurements and characteristics of
products.

Where possible, the definitions are in accordance with the relevant parts of ISO 31 and ISO 80000. In
addition the symbols used in undertaking measurements of these characteristics are also defined.

2 Normative references
Not applicable.

3 Symbols, units and notations

3.1 General symbols

Contrary to monolithic materials, continuous fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites show a
directional dependence in their thermal and mechanical properties, because of their anisotropic
nature. A specific set of standards different from those for monolithic materials is required in order to
characterize these properties, both at room temperature and at the anticipated high application
temperatures. To allow adequate representation of the directional dependence, a notation convention
is needed to identify the reinforcement directions in a right-hand orthogonal coordinate system for
purposes of sampling test pieces and for the presentation of results.

3.2 Symbols and notations specific to ceramic matrix composites

The use of the subscripts 1, 2, 3 attached to the symbols used for mechanical properties makes it
possible to define the mechanical characteristics of a material along one of its principal directions. The
use of the subscripts (12, 13, 23) attached to the symbols used for mechanical properties makes it
possible to give a material characteristics in one of the principal planes, for example:

σ1,t,m : tensile strength in the 1 direction;

G12 : shear modulus in the 12 plane.

Figures 1 to 4 give examples of denotation on long fibre ceramic matrix composite materials.

4
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of a 1D material (see 3.2 for reference to axes 1, 2 and 3)

Figure 2 — Schematic diagram of a 2D material (see 3.2 for reference to axes 1, 2 and 3)

5
CEN/TR 13233:2007

Figure 3 — Schematic diagram of an xD (2 < x ≤ 3) material

Figure 4 — Schematic diagram of a 3D material (see 3.2 for reference to axes 1, 2 and 3)

6
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

3.3 Symbols, definitions and units

Tables 1 to 4 give symbols, definitions and units generally used for quantities referred to in standards
for advanced technical ceramics.

NOTE The quantities listed are referred to in the standards given in the final column of each table, although
it is possible that the corresponding symbols have not been used. In this case, it is anticipated that they will be
incorporated in the next revision of the standard.

7
8
Table 1 — Symbols related to physical quantities

Physical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
3
Density ρ Ratio of the mass of a body to its volume kg/m Applies to true density 623-2, 725-7,
of powders 1159-2
CEN/TR 13233:2007

3
Apparent density ρa Ratio of the mass of the body to its total kg/m Applies to compacted 725-10
volume powders
3
Bulk density ρb Ratio of the mass of the dry material of a kg/m Applies also to tapped 623-2, 725-8,
porous body to its volume bulk density of 1389
powders
Linear density t Ratio of the mass of a multifilament tow to its Tex Tex is the mass in 1007-2
length grams per 1 000 m
Porosity P Ratio of the total volume of pores in a - 623-2, 1389
porous body to its total volume
Apparent porosity Pa Ratio of the volume of open pores to total - 623-2, 1389
volume
Grain size gmli Mean linear intercept grain size determined µm 623-2
either by the line or circle method applied to
micrographs of polished cross-sections
Phase volume fraction Vf,j Fractional volume of phase of type j - 623-5
determined from micrographs of polished
cross-sections
 Table 2 — Symbols related to geometrical quantities of test pieces

Geometrical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
Length
Total length l, lt Total length of the test piece mm 843-1, 843-2
Initial length l0 Initial length of test piece in thermal mm 821-1
expansion measurement
Gauge length L0 Initial distance between reference points on mm 658-1, 658-2,
the test piece in the calibrated length 1892, 1893
Distance between outer rollers La Outer support span in three or four-point mm In flexural strength and 658-3
bending configuration modulus testing
Distance between inner rollers Li Inner loading span in four-point bending mm In flexural strength and 821-1, 843-1,
configuration modulus testing 843-2, 843-3,
658-3
2
Cross-section A Cross-section area mm
2
Initial cross-section area A0 Initial cross-section area of the test piece mm 1892
within the calibrated length at test
temperature
NOTE 1 When the material is protected by a surface treatment, two initial cross-section areas can be defined:
2
Apparent cross-section area A0,a Geometrical area of the cross-section mm 1893
2
Effective cross-section area A0,e Geometrical area corrected by a factor, to mm 1893
account for the presence of a surface
treatment
Distance between notches L In inter-laminar shear testing, the spacing mm 658-4, 1894
between opposed notches
Width and thickness
Width b Width of a test piece (normal to loading mm 658-3, 843-1,
direction in flexure) 843-2, 1892

9
CEN/TR 13233:2007
10
Geometrical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
NOTE 2 When the material is protected by a surface treatment, two widths can be defined :
Apparent width ba Geometrical width mm 1893
Effective width be Geometrical width corrected by a factor to mm 1893
CEN/TR 13233:2007

account for the presence of a surface

treatment
NOTE 3 When width changes along the length, a numerical subscript is added to symbol b, b1 is the width in the calibrated length, b2, b3, ... are the other widths. These
subscripts are defined in individual documents.
Thickness h Thickness or width of a test piece (parallel to mm 843-1, 843-2
the direction of loading in flexure)
Thickness of test piece mm 821-2
NOTE 4 When the material is protected by a surface treatment, two thicknesses can be defined:
Apparent thickness ha Geometrical thickness mm 1893
Effective thickness he Geometrical thickness corrected by a factor mm 1893
to account for the presence of a surface
treatment
NOTE 5 When thickness changes along the length, a numerical subscript is added to symbol h, h1 is the thickness in the calibrated length
h2, h3, ... are the other thicknesses. These subscripts are defined in individual documents.
Indentation diagonal length (in hardness δ In hardness testing, the lengths of the mm 843-4
testing) diagonals of a Vickers indentation or long
axis of a Knoop indentation
Initial crack or notch depth a0 In fracture toughness testing, the length of mm 14425-3
the initial crack or notch
Deflection
Flexural deflection d Displacement of the loading points relative mm Used with various 843-2
to the support points (or any other reference subscripts
points) in flexure
Mass
 Geometrical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
Mass m Quantity of matter in a body g 623-2, 843-2
Diameter
Diameter d Diameter of the test piece in the calibrated mm 1892
length
NOTE 6 When the material is protected by a surface treatment, two diameters can be defined:
Apparent diameter da Geometrical diameter mm 1893
Effective diameter de Geometrical diameter corrected by a factor mm 1893
to account for the presence of a surface
treatment
NOTE 7 When diameter changes along the length, a numerical subscript is added to symbol d, d1 is the diameter in the calibrated length, d2, d3 ... are the other diameters.
These subscripts are defined in individual documents.
Blend radius r Transition radius between parts of the mm The type of radius can 1892
specimen with different cross-section be defined in each
document by use of a
subscript

11
CEN/TR 13233:2007
12
Table 3 — Symbols related to mechanical quantities

Mechanical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
Deformation
CEN/TR 13233:2007

Flexural deformation δ Flexural deflection, as defined in each case mm 820-4, 820-5

843-2
Longitudinal deformation ∆L Variation in the gauge length caused by an mm Tensile/compressive 658-1
applied load. Variation is positive in tensile test 658-2
and negative in compressive test 1892
Longitudinal tensile deformation at ∆Lt,m Value of longitudinal tensile deformation mm 658-1
maximum force corresponding to the maximum force 1892
Longitudinal compressive deformation at ∆Lc,m Value of longitudinal compressive mm 658-2
maximum force deformation corresponding to the maximum
force
Strain
Strain ε Relative change in the gauge length defined - Tensile/compressive 658-1
as the ratio ∆L/L0 test 1892
Tensile strain at maximum force ε t,m Value of strain corresponding to the - 658-1
maximum tensile force 658-2
Compressive strain at maximum force ε c,m Value of strain corresponding to the - 658-1
maximum compressive force 658-2
Shear strain γ The change in angle of an originally -
orthogonal set of lines as a consequence of
a shear load
Force
Force F Force applied to the test piece during the N 658-1, 820-4,
test 820-5, 843-1,
843-2, 1892,
1893
 Mechanical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
Peak force at fracture Fm Maximum force during a test or at fracture N 843-3
Stress and strain
Stress (tensile/compressive/shear) σ Ratio of the force carried by the test piece at MPa Sign convention – 658-1
any time in the test by the initial cross- tensile is positive, 843-1
section area compression is 843-2
Strain (tensile/compressive) ε Fractional increase in dimension of a body - negative 843-5
subjected to stress 1892

Shear strain γ The change in angle of an originally -

orthogonal set of lines as a consequence of
a shear load
Flexural stress σ The nominal stress on the outer surface of MPa 658-3
the test piece, calculated at mid span
In plane shear stress τ Ratio of the force carried by the test piece by MPa 12289
the initial cross-section subjected to shear
Stressing rate σ& Rate of change of stress with time MPa/s 843-3
Strength
Strengths correspond to stresses at maximum force during a test carried out to rupture
Tensile strength σt,m Ratio of the maximum tensile force to the MPa 658-1
initial cross-section area
Compressive strength σc,m Ratio of the maximum compressive force to MPa 658-2
the initial cross-section area
Flexural strength σf,m Maximum flexural stress applied to a test MPa 658-3
piece that fractures during a flexural test
Interlaminar shear strength σILSS Ratio of the maximum force applied to the MPa 12289
initial cross-section area

13
CEN/TR 13233:2007
14
Mechanical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
In plane shear strength τm Ratio of the maximum force applied to the MPa 658-4, 658-5,
initial cross-section area 658-6, 12289
NOTE 1 The symbols listed here for mechanical quantities at rupture (strength and strain) have a first subscript indicating the type of test (t for tensile, c for compressive, f for
CEN/TR 13233:2007

flexure).
A second subscript, m is added to indicate the maximum value. Other subscripts may be added to refer to test conditions (for example temperature). These additional subscripts
are set between brackets.
EXAMPLE 1 σt, m (1500)(vacuum) = tensile strength at 1 500 °C under vacuum
Elastic properties
ˆElastic modulus tension/compression E Slope of the linear part of the stress strain GPa 658-1, 658-2,
(Young 's modulus)‰ curve when the linear part starts at the origin 1892, 12289
Elastic modulus in shear G Slope of the linear part of the shear stress GPa 843-2
strain curve when the linear part starts at the
origin
NOTE 2 When the material is protected by a surface treatment, two types of mechanical quantities can be considered to determi
ne whether the apparent or effective cross-
section area is used:
The subscript 'a' for apparent is added when the apparent cross-section area is used.
The subscript 'e' for effective is added when the effective cross-section area is used.
EXAMPLE 2 σt,m,e = effective tensile strength
Proportionality Coefficient Or Pseudo Modulus
ˆProportionality coefficien t in Ep (σ1,σ2) Slope of a linear portion of the stress strain GPa The quantity is used for 658-1, 658-2,
tension/compressi on ‰ curve between 2 values (σ1, σ2) materials which do not 1892, 12289
have a linear behaviour
Proportionality coefficient in shear Gp (τ1 , τ2) Slope of a linear portion of the shear GPa
at the origin
stress shear strain curve between 2 values
ˆ(τ 1, τ 2 ) ‰
Poisson ratio ν Ratio of lateral strain to axial strain in axially - 843-2
τ
stressed body
Mode of vibration n Modal analysis is used to characterize -
resonant vibration in machinery and
structures. A mode of vibration is defined
by the three parameters: modal frequency,
 Mechanical quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant EN,
ENV or
CEN/TS
modal damping value and mode shape.
Flexural frequency ff Recorded flexural vibration frequency of Hz 843-2
struck or resonating test piece
Torsional frequency ft Recorded torsional vibration frequency of Hz 843-2
struck or resonating test piece
Longitudinal wave sound velocity νl Velocity of a compression wave transmitted m/s Used in computation of 843-2
through a material moduli in ultrasonic
Transverse wave sound velocity Velocity of a shear wave transmitted through m/s testing
νt
a material
Ultrasonic pulse width τ Duration of an ultrasonic pulse transmitted s 843-2
through a material

15
CEN/TR 13233:2007
16
Table 4 — Symbols related to thermal quantities

Thermal quantities
Quantity Symbol Definition Unit Remark Relevant
EN, ENV or
CEN/TS
Linear thermal expansion ∆L Positive or negative change in one mm 821-1, 1159-
dimension that occurs when a material is 1
CEN/TR 13233:2007

subjected to a change in temperature

-1
Linear thermal expansion coefficient at αT The derivative of the length l with respect to K 821-1, 1159-
temperature T temperature at the temperature T, divided 1
by the length at temperature T
-1
Mean linear thermal expansion coefficient Linear thermal expansion between K 821-1, 1159-
between two temperatures T1 and T2 α (T1,T2 ) temperature T1 and T2, divided by the 1
temperature increment between T1 and T2
and the length at temperature T1
-1 -1
Thermal conductivity λ Ratio of the density of heat flow rate to the Wm K 821-1, 1159-
temperature gradient 2
2
Thermal diffusivity a Ratio of the thermal conductivity to the m /s a italicised (not alpha) 821-1, 1159-
product of the bulk density and the specific 2
heat capacity
Specific heat capacity cp Amount of heat required to raise the J/(kg·K) c italicised 821-1, 1159-
temperature of a mass unit of material by 3
1 K at constant pressure and temperature
Mean specific heat capacity Amount of heat required to raise the J/(kg·K) 821-1, 1159-
Cp (T1,T2 ) temperature of a mass unit of material from 3
temperature T1 to temperature T2 at
constant pressure, divided by the
temperature range (T2 - T1) expressed in K.
Temperature T Condition of matter which determines the K, °C
transfer of heat to or from other matter
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

Bibliography

[1] EN 623-1:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — General and textural
properties — Part 1: Determination of the presence of defects by dye penetration

[2] EN 623-2:1993, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — General and textural
properties — Part 2: Determination of density and porosity

[3] EN 623-3:2001, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — General and textural
properties — Part 3: Determination of grain size and size distribution (characterized by the
Linear Intercept Method)

[4] EN 623-4:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — General and textural
properties — Part 4: Determination of surface roughness

[5] ENV 623-5:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — General and
textural properties — Part 5: Determination of phase volume fraction by evaluation of
micrographs

[6] EN 658-1:1998, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at room temperature — Part 1: Determination of tensile properties

[7] EN 658-2:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at room temperature — Part 2: Determination of compression properties

[8] EN 658-3:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at room temperature — Part 3: Determination of flexural strength

[9] EN 658-4:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at room temperature — Part 4: Determination of interlaminar shear strength by compression
loading of notched test specimens

[10] EN 658-5:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at room temperature — Part 5: Determination of interlaminar shear strength by short span
bend test (three points)

[11] ENV 658-6:1993, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at room temperature — Part 6: Determination of shear strength by double punch
shearing

[12] EN 725-1:1997, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
1: Determination of impurities in alumina

[13] ENV 725-2:1994, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders —
Part 2: Determination of impurities in barium titanate

[14] EN 725-3:2007, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
3: Determination of the oxygen content of non-oxides by thermal extraction with a carrier gas

[15] EN 725-4:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
4: Determination of oxygen content in aluminium nitride by XRF analysis

[16] EN 725-5:2007, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
5: Determination of particle size distribution

17
CEN/TR 13233:2007

[17] EN 725-6:1996, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
6: Determination of the specific surface area [withdrawn – see also EN ISO 18757]

[18] EN 725-7:1995, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
7: Determination of the absolute density [withdrawn – see also EN ISO 18753]

[19] EN 725-8:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
8: Determination of tapped bulk density

[20] EN 725-9:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders — Part
9: Determination of un-tapped bulk density

[21] EN 725-10:1997, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders —
Part 10: Determination of compaction properties

[22] EN 725-11:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders —
Part 11: Determination of densification on natural sintering

[23] EN 725-12:2001, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic powders —
Part 12: Chemical analysis of zirconia

[24] EN 820-1:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of testing monolithic ceramics —

Thermo-mechanical properties — Part 1: Determination of flexural strength at elevated
temperatures

[25] EN 820-2:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of testing monolithic ceramics —

Thermo-mechanical properties — Part 2: Determination of self-loaded deformation

[26] EN 820-3:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of testing monolithic ceramics —

Thermo-mechanical properties — Part 3: Determination of resistance to thermal shock by
water quenching

[27] ENV 820-4:2001, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Thermo-mechanical

properties — Part 4: Determination of flexural creep deformation at elevated temperatures

[28] CEN/TS 820-5:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of testing monolithic ceramics
— Thermo-mechanical properties — Part 5: Determination of elastic moduli at elevated
temperatures

[29] EN 821-1:1995, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Thermo-physical

properties — Part 1: Determination of thermal expansion

[30] EN 821-2:1997, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Thermo-physical

properties — Part 2: Determination of thermal diffusivity by the laser flash (or heat pulse)
method

[31] EN 821-3:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Thermo-physical

properties — Part 3: Determination of specific heat capacity

[32] EN 843-1:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics

at room temperature — Part 1: Determination of flexural strength

[33] EN 843-2:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics

at room temperature — Part 2: Determination of Young's modulus, shear modulus and
Poisson's ratio

[34] EN 843-3:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics

at room temperature — Part 3: Determination of subcritical crack growth parameters from
constant stressing rate flexural strength tests

18
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

[35] EN 843-4:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics

at room temperature — Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell superficial hardness

[36] EN 843-5:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of monolithic ceramics

at room temperature — Part 5: Statistical analysis

[37] CEN/TS 843-6:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics. Mechanical

properties at room temperature — Part 6: Guidance for fractographic investigation

[38] ENV 1006:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Guidance on the
selection of test pieces for the evaluation of properties

[39] EN 1007-1:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for
reinforcements — Part 1: Determination of size content

[40] EN 1007-2:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for
reinforcements — Part 2: Determination of linear density

[41] EN 1007-3:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for
reinforcements — Part 3: Determination of filament diameter and cross-section area

[42] EN 1007-4:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for
reinforcements — Part 4: Determination of tensile properties of filaments at ambient
temperature

[43] EN 1007-5:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for
reinforcements — Part 5: Determination of distribution of tensile strength and of tensile strain
to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature

[44] ENV 1007-6:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test
for reinforcements — Part 6: Determination of tensile properties of filaments at high
temperature

[45] EN 1071-1:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings — Part
1: Determination of coating thickness by contact probe filometer

[46] EN 1071-2:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings — Part
2: Determination of coating thickness by the crater grinding method

[47] EN 1071-3:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings — Part
3: Determination of adhesion and other mechanical failure modes by a scratch test

[48] EN 1071-4:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings — Part
4: Determination of chemical composition by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)

[49] ENV 1071-5:1995, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings —
Part 5: Determination of porosity

[50] ENV 1071-6:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings —
Part 6: Determination of the abrasion resistance of coatings by a micro-abrasion wear test

[51] CEN/TS 1071-7:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings
— Part 7: Determination of hardness and Young's modulus by instrumented indentation
testing

[52] CEN/TS 1071-8:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings
— Part 8: Rockwell indentation test for evaluation of adhesion

19
CEN/TR 13233:2007

[53] CEN/TS 1071-9:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings
— Part 9: Determination of fracture strain

[54] CEN/TS 1071-10:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings
— Part 10: Determination of coating thickness by cross sectioning

[55] CEN/TS 1071-11:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Methods of test for ceramic coatings
— Part 11: Determination of internal stress by the Stoney formula

[56] EN 1159-1:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Thermophysical

properties — Part 1: Determination of thermal expansion

[57] EN 1159-2:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Thermophysical

properties — Part 2: Determination of thermal diffusivity

[58] EN 1159-3:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Thermophysical

properties — Part 3: Determination of specific heat capacity

[59] CEN/TS 1159-4:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites —

Thermophysical properties — Part 4: Determination of thermal conductivity

[60] EN 1389:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Physical properties —

Determination of density and apparent porosity

[61] EN 1892:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at high temperature under inert atmosphere — Determination of tensile properties

[62] EN 1893:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at high temperature in air at atmospheric pressure — Determination of tensile properties

[63] EN 1894:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic composites

at high temperature under inert atmosphere — Determination of shear strength by
compression loading of notched specimens

[64] ENV 12212:1995, Advanced technical ceramics — Unified method for classification

[65] EN 12289:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at ambient temperature — Determination of in-plane shear properties

[66] EN 12290:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at high temperature under inert atmosphere — Determination of compression
properties

[67] EN 12291:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at high temperature in air at atmospheric pressure — Determination of
compression properties

[68] EN 12788:2005, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at high temperature under inert atmosphere — Determination of flexural strength

[69] EN 12789:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at high temperature under air at atmospheric pressure — Determination of flexural
strength

[70] EN 12923-1:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Part 1: General

practice for undertaking corrosion tests

20
 CEN/TR 13233:2007

[71] ENV 12923-2:2001, Advanced technical ceramics — Monolithic ceramics — Part 2: Oxidation
test

[72] EN 13234:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at ambient temperature — Evaluation of the resistance to crack propagation by
notch sensitivity testing

[73] EN 13235:2006, Advanced technical ceramics — Mechanical properties of ceramic

composites at high temperature under inert atmosphere — Determination of creep behaviour

[74] ENV 14186:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Mechanical

properties at room temperature, determination of elastic properties by an ultrasonic technique

[75] ENV 14226:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Test methods for ceramic powders —
Determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminium in silicon nitride by using flame
atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission
spectroscopy (ICP-AES)

[76] ENV 14232:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Terms, definitions and abbreviations

[77] ENV 14273:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic powders — Determination of

crystalline phases in zirconia

[78] ENV 14312:2002, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic powders — Determination of

flowability behaviour of ceramic granules

[79] CEN/TS 14425-1:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Test methods for determination of
fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics — Part 1: Guide to test method selection

[80] CEN/TS 14425-3:2003, Advanced technical ceramics — Test methods for determination of
fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics — Part 3: Chevron notched beam (CNB) method

[81] CEN/TS 14425-5:2004, Advanced technical ceramics — Test methods for determination of
fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics — Part 5: Single-edge vee-notch beam (SEVNB)
method

[82] EN ISO 15732:2005, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) —
Test method for fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics at room temperature by single edge
pre-cracked beam (SEPB) method (ISO 15732:2003)

[83] EN ISO 18753:2005, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) —
Determination of absolute density of ceramic powders by pyknometer (ISO 18753:2004)

[84] EN ISO 18756:2005, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) —
Determination of fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics at room temperature by the
surface crack in flexure (SCF) method (ISO 18756:2003)

[85] EN ISO 18757:2005, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) —
Determination of specific surface area of ceramic powders by gas adsorption using the BET
method (ISO 18757:2003)

[86] ISO 31-4:1992, Quantities and units — Part 4: Heat

[87] ISO 80000-3:2006 Quantities and units — Part 3: Space and time

[88] ISO 80000-4:2006 Quantities and units — Part 4: Mechanics

21
PD CEN/TR
13233:2007
BSI — British Standards Institution
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing
British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.

Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of
British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services.
We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using
this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee
responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures
that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.

Buying standards
Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001.
Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001. Email: [email protected]. Standards are also
available from the BSI website at http://www.bsi-global.com.
In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the
BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards,
unless otherwise requested.

Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and
international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters
Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give
details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048. Email: [email protected].
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments
and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details
of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001.
Email: [email protected].
Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards
Online can be found at http://www.bsi-global.com/bsonline.
Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at
http://www.bsi-global.com.

Copyright
Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the
UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written
permission from BSI.
This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard,
of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
BSI written permission of BSI must be obtained.
389 Chiswick High Road Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager.
London Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553.
Email: [email protected].
W4 4AL