Exploring Geology 3rd Edition Reynolds Test Bank 1

Chapter 06 - Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards
Exploring Geology 3rd Edition by

Reynolds Johnson Morin Carter ISBN
0073524123 9780073524122
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Chapter 06
Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards
Multiple Choice Questions
6-1
1. What type of volcanic eruption is shown in this photograph?
A. a lava fountain
B. collapse of a volcanic dome
C. a fissure eruption
D. a pyroclastic column
E. a volcanic mudflow
Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Apply
Section: 6.0
Topic: Volcanoes
6-2
2. What event triggered the main eruption of May 1980?

A. Melting snow caused a huge steam eruption.
B. Magma encountered groundwater and exploded.
C. A landslide removed rocks and released pressure on the magma.
D. All of these.
Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Understand
Section: 6.0
Topic: Volcanoes
3. Which of the following types of volcanic eruption have occurred on Mount St. Helens since
it began erupting in 1980?
A. eruption column
B. pyroclastic flow
C. volcanic dome
D. all of these

Section: 6.0
Topic: Volcanoes
6-3
4. This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders. What kind of volcano is
it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
C. composite volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
5. This volcano is broad and low, and is composed of basaltic lava flows. What kind of
volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-4
6. This relatively small volcanic feature consists of solidified lava and some volcanic ash.
What kind of volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
7. This relatively large, symmetrical volcano contains interlayered lava flow, pyroclastic
deposits, and volcanic mudflows. What kind of volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-5
8. This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders. What kind of volcano is
it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
9. This volcano is broad and low, and is composed of basaltic lava flows. What kind of
volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. caldera

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-6
10. This relatively large, symmetrical volcano contains interlayered lava flow, pyroclastic
deposits, and volcanic mudflows. What kind of volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. volcanic dome
E. fissure

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-7
11. This relatively small volcanic feature consists of solidified lava and some volcanic ash.
What kind of volcano is it?
A. scoria cone
B. shield volcano
D. caldera
E. none of these

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
12. Which of the following volcanoes is generally the largest?

A. scoria cone
B. dome
D. shield volcano

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-8
13. Which of the following is least likely to be a volcano?

A. a vent where magma and other volcanic material is erupted
B. a hill with a crater formed at the site of an eruption
C. a hill capped by volcanic rocks
D. a fissure that erupts hot, molten lava
E. a mountain that erupts only volcanic ash

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
14. Which of the following is NOT evidence of recent activity at a volcano?

A. Thick, well-developed soil
B. Layer of ash blanketing hillslopes
C. Unweathered lava flows
D. Ash flows lacking a well-developed soil

Section: 6.1
Topic: Volcanoes
6-9
15. Comparing these two photographs, which eruption has lower viscosity magma?
A. the fluid cascade of lava

B. the circular volcanic feature
C. they could have the same viscosity
D. there is no way to tell

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
6-10
16. What type of eruption is shown in this photograph?
A. lava flow
B. lava dome
C. lava fountain
D. pyroclastic column
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
A. lava flow
B. lava dome
C. lava fountain
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
6-11
A. lava flow
B. lava dome
C. lava fountain
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
6-12
A. lava flow
B. lava dome
C. lava fountain
D. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
20. At what depth do gas bubbles have the most effect on magma?
A. when the magma first forms, before the bubbles can dissolve into the magma
B. at moderate depths, when the magma is moving rapidly through the conduit
C. at very shallow levels, such as within the volcano
D. none of these

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
6-13
21. Which of the following are ways that viscosity affects gases in magma?
A. Viscous magma prevents gas from escaping easily.
B. Abundant silica chains in viscous magma allow gas to pass quickly through the magma.
C. Less viscous magma allows gas to escape, which can lead to very explosive eruptions.
D. All of these.

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
22. Which of the following are differences between an eruption column and pyroclastic flow?
A. Tephra in an eruption column stays hotter until it reaches the ground.
B. A pyroclastic flow rises higher into the atmosphere than an eruption column.
C. Damage from an eruption column is more restricted than a pyroclastic flow.
D. A pyroclastic flow forms when the gas flux cannot support the column.

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
23. Which of the following are NOT differences between an eruption column and pyroclastic
flow?
A. Tephra in an eruption column mostly cools before it reaches the ground.
B. A pyroclastic flow mostly flows downhill, whereas a column rises at first.
C. Damage from an eruption column can be more widespread.
D. Pyroclastic flows form from a higher gas flux.

Section: 6.2
Topic: Volcanoes
6-14
24. What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?
A. vesicles
B. volcanic bomb
C. aa lava flow
D. pahoehoe lava flow
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
A. vesicles
B. volcanic bomb
C. aa lava flow
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
6-15
A. vesicles
B. volcanic bomb
C. aa lava flow
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
6-16
27. What type of volcanic eruption is probably shown in this photograph?
A. pyroclastic flow
B. fire fountain
C. basaltic lava flow
D. felsic lava flow
E. caldera eruption

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
28. What types of rocks would be most common in the small volcano in this photograph?
A. scoria and other vesicular basalt

B. basalt mostly formed in lava flows
C. felsic and intermediate lava flows
D. welded tuff and tephra
E. none of these

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
6-17
29. A lava solidifies into nonvesicular basalt instead of vesicular basalt because:
A. the magma has a low content of gas
B. the lava forms a ropy texture
C. the lava flow breaks apart as it flows
D. the lava flow forms lava tubes

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
30. Which of the following occurs in a lava tube?

A. The surface of the lava flow solidifies to form a roof over the moving lava.
B. Lava tubes insulate a lava flow, allowing it to flow farther.
C. If a lava tube drains, it becomes a tube-shaped cave.
D. All of these.

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
31. Which of the following is common in lava flows associated with scoria cones?
A. Some scoria cones are not accompanied by a lava flow and vice versa.
B. Some lava flows squeeze out near the base of the scoria cone.
C. The lava flow forms before the scoria cone when gas contents are highest.
D. The lava flows are mostly intermediate to felsic.
E. a and b only

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
6-18
32. What type of eruption formed the small volcano in this photograph?
A. fluid lava flows

B. eruption of viscous lava
C. lava fountain
D. eruption column
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
33. Eruptions of scoria cones are commonly associated with:

A. basaltic lava flows
B. lava fountains
C. pyroclastic flow
D. viscous lava flows
E. basaltic lava flows and lava fountains

Section: 6.3
Topic: Volcanoes
6-19
34. What is the main type of eruption that formed the volcano in this photograph?
A. fluid lava flows

C. lava fountain
D. eruption column
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
35. What types of rocks would be most common in the volcano shown in this photograph?
A. scoria
D. tuff and tephra
E. none of these

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
6-20
36. Shield volcanoes commonly have:

A. fissure eruptions
B. lava flows
C. fire fountains
D. dikes at depth
E. all of these

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
37. Shield volcanoes commonly involve:

A. fluid lava flows
B. volcanic domes
C. viscous lava flows
D. pyroclastic flows
E. all of these

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
38. When basaltic lava reach the ocean they:

A. cause lava fountains at the vent on land
B. form pillow basalts
C. can flow long distances on top of the water
D. form circular calderas
E. all of these

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
6-21
39. Which of the following is NOT true about shield volcanoes in the landscape?
A. They are large mountains with steep slopes.
B. They can construct some of the world's largest volcanoes.
C. They can be large or small.
D. All of these.

Section: 6.4
Topic: Volcanoes
40. Flood basalts influence life on Earth because:

A. Large volumes of flood basalts are erupted during a short time
B. Eruptions can release large amounts of gas that cool the atmosphere
C. Eruptions can release large amounts of gas that warm the atmosphere
D. All of these

Section: 6.5
Topic: Volcanoes
41. Which of the following is NOT true about flood basalts?

A. They cover large areas and contain huge volumes of magma.
B. They cover much of the Columbia Plateau of the Pacific Northwest.
C. They are fed from large interconnected composite volcanoes.
D. Some flood basalts erupted at about the same time as major extinctions of species.

Section: 6.5
Topic: Volcanoes
6-22
42. What are some factors that could allow flood basalts to have high-volume eruptions?
A. a large amount of magma is generated in the mantle
B. magma rises to the surface along thick dikes
C. the magma is hot and has a low viscosity
D. all of these

Section: 6.5
Topic: Volcanoes
43. What is the interpreted origin for magma that forms flood basalts?
A. rapid subduction over tens of millions of years
B. rapid seafloor spreading that forms pillow basalts
C. a rising mantle plume
D. flood waters from melting glaciers
E. none of these

Section: 6.5
Topic: Volcanoes
44. Which of the following is a hazard but not a risk, according to the textbook?
A. the Kilauea volcano, which covers subdivisions with molten lava
B. a scoria cone that erupts hot molten fragments on an unpopulated Pacific island
C. a volcano in Iceland that threatens people with dangerous gases
D. a volcano in Iceland that caused catastrophic flooding that destroyed houses and roads
E. all of these are both a hazard and a risk

Section: 6.6
Topic: Volcanoes
6-23
45. What is a main hazard of this type of volcano?
A. hot fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano

B. burning, building collapse, and suffocation from widely distributed pyroclastic material
C. destruction by viscous lava flows that can flow far from the volcano
D. volcanic mudflows and landslides
E. relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapse

Section: 6.6
Topic: Volcanoes
A. hot fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano

B. burning, building collapse, and suffocation from widely distributed pyroclastic material
C. destruction by moderately fluid lava flows that can flow far from the volcano
D. volcanic mudflows and landslides
E. relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapse

Section: 6.6
Topic: Volcanoes
6-24
47. Hazards associated with basaltic lava flows and eruptions are:
A. burial of roads and neighborhoods by lava flows
B. house fires
C. floods from catastrophic melting of ice
D. all of these

Section: 6.6
Topic: Volcanoes
48. Which of the following are hazards associated with scoria cones?
A. volcanic bombs and other large projectiles ejected from the volcano
B. toxic gases
C. fine particles of volcanic ash
D. all of these

Section: 6.6
Topic: Volcanoes
6-25
49. Which of the numbered features is a lava flow?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-26
50. Which of the numbered features is a pyroclastic column?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-27
51. Which of the numbered features is a pyroclastic flow?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-28
52. Which of the numbered features is a lahar?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
53. What type of material likely composes this volcano?
A. felsic to intermediate lava flows

B. pyroclastic flows
C. volcanic mudflows and landslides
D. all of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-29
54. What type of eruption formed the volcano in this photograph?
A. fluid lava flows

B. viscous lava and pyroclastic eruptions
C. lava fountains
D. fissure eruptions
E. eruptions beneath the seafloor

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
55. What types of rocks would be most common in the volcano in this photograph?

C. felsic and intermediate lava flows and tephra
D. pillow basalts
E. none of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-30
56. Composite volcanoes are so called because they:

A. are a combination of shield volcanoes, scoria cones, and other volcanoes
B. have many different types of geologic hazards
C. were first discovered on the island of Composita in Italy
D. are composed of lava flows, pyroclastic material, and mudflows
E. none of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
57. What types of rocks would be most common in a composite volcano?

C. felsic and intermediate lava flows and tephra
D. pillow basalts
E. none of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
58. What types of rocks would be common in a composite volcano?

A. felsic and intermediate lava flows
B. pyroclastic rocks from an eruption column
C. pyroclastic rocks from pyroclastic flows
D. rocks with fragments formed by landslides and mudflows
E. all of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-31
59. Which of the following is NOT a typical match between the type of eruption and resulting
rock type?
A. lava from a composite volcano-andesite
B. eruption column-tephra
C. pyroclastic flow-scoria
D. volcanic-derived mudflow-breccia with angular fragments

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
60. The classic volcano shape is displayed by:

A. a composite volcano
B. a caldera
C. a fissure eruption
D. pillow basalts

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
61. The most dangerous type of volcano is a:

A. scoria cone
B. scoria cone whose magmas are interacting with groundwater
C. huge shield volcano
D. composite volcano

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-32
62. Which of the following are dangerous aspects of composite volcanoes?

A. pyroclastic flows
B. landslides and mudflows
C. an eruption column
D. all of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
63. What is a common hazard of this type of volcano?
A. burning, building collapse, and suffocation from an eruption column and pyroclastic flows
B. volcanic mudflows and landslides
C. relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapse
D. all of these

Section: 6.7
Topic: Volcanoes
6-33
64. Which of the following hazards is probably NOT associated with this volcano?
A. destruction by fast-moving lava

B. pyroclastic flows
C. eruption column
D. mudflows
E. collapse of a volcanic dome
Difficulty Level: Create

Difficulty Level: Evaluate
Section: 6.8
Topic: Volcanoes
65. What was the most damaging type of eruption that occurred at Vesuvius in Italy?
A. A huge landslide caused a lateral blast that knocked down trees and buildings.
B. A fast-moving viscous lava flow flowed through the middle of Pompeii.
C. The volcano was so heavy that it caused part of the island to collapse.
D. One or more pyroclastic flows hit the city of Pompeii.
E. None of these.

Section: 6.8
Topic: Volcanoes
6-34
66. The most damaging type of eruption that occurred at Mount Pelée, Martinique was:
B. A fast-moving viscous lava flow flowed through the middle of St. Pierre.
C. The volcano was so heavy that it caused part of the island to collapse.
D. One or more pyroclastic flows hit the city of St. Pierre.
E. None of these.

Section: 6.8
Topic: Volcanoes
67. The eruption that occurred on Mount St. Helens was triggered by:
B. A fast-moving viscous lava flow flowed through the middle of Portland.
C. A volcano that was so heavy that it caused part of the island to collapse.
D. A scoria cone that sent up a large column of pyroclastic material.
E. None of these.

Section: 6.8
Topic: Volcanoes
68. Which of the following was common to the eruptions of Vesuvius, Mount Pelée and
Mount St. Helens?
A. they are all composite volcanoes
B. earthquakes before the eruption
C. small eruptions of tephra
D. pyroclastic flows
E. all of these

Section: 6.8
Topic: Volcanoes
6-35
69. What type of eruption formed this flow-banded rhyolite?
A. a viscous lava flow

B. a pyroclastic column
C. a pyroclastic flow
D. a lava that broke apart while it flowed
E. a lava fountain

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
70. What type of eruption formed this flow-banded obsidian?
A. a viscous lava flow

E. a lava fountain

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
6-36
71. What type of eruption formed this felsic volcanic breccia?
A. a pahoehoe lava flow

E. a lava fountain

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
72. What type of eruption formed this unit composed of volcanic blocks and volcanic ash?
A. a fluid basaltic flow

B. a pyroclastic eruption
C. a pahoehoe lava flow
D. a lava fountain

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
6-37
73. What types of rocks would be most common in the volcano in this photograph?

D. pillow basalts
E. none of these

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
A. hot molten fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano

B. viscous lava that moves too fast for people to outrun
C. destruction by moderately fluid lava flows that can flow far from the volcano
D. relatively small pyroclastic eruptions caused by localized explosions or collapse

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
6-38
75. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a volcanic dome?

A. the outer part of the dome contains blocks and other rubble
B. some parts contain volcanic glass, such as obsidian
C. they are one of the largest types of volcanoes
D. many domes are associated with composite volcanoes and calderas

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
76. Which of the following rock types is NOT characteristic of volcanic domes?
A. glassy volcanic rocks that are unstable over time
B. vesicular basalt with very large holes from dangerous gas
C. volcanic breccia formed by fracturing of the outer part of the dome
D. mixtures of pieces of the dome and ash from dome collapse

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
77. What type of eruption formed the volcano in this photograph?
A. fluid lava flows

C. lava fountain
D. eruption column
E. pyroclastic flow

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
6-39
78. Volcanic domes commonly are partially destroyed when:

A. gases are released slowly out the top of the dome, dissolving it
B. steep parts of the dome collapse and cause small pyroclastic flows
C. fast-moving, low-viscosity lava carries away part of the dome
D. the center of the dome collapses, forming a composite volcano
E. all of these

Section: 6.9
Topic: Volcanoes
79. What are the rounded hills inside the Valles Caldera?
A. volcanic necks
B. landslides
C. volcanic domes
D. scoria cones

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
6-40
80. The main cause of caldera collapse is:

A. a fissure eruption that allows the shield volcano to split into two or more parts
B. collapse of the north flank by landslides
C. removal of magmas that form pillow basalt
D. collapse of the roof of a magma chamber as magma erupts
E. all of these

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
81. What kind of volcano is in this figure?
A. scoria cone
B. large shield volcano
C. small shield volcano
D. composite volcano
E. caldera

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
6-41
C. hot fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano
D. destruction by moderately fluid lava flows that can flow far from the volcano

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
83. The main hazard of an eruption that forms a large caldera is:
C. hot fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano
D. destruction by moderately fluid lava flows that can flow far from the volcano

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
84. Which of the following is common in most calderas?

A. a large circular depression with steep walls
B. thick sequences of volcanic ash
C. rounded mountains that are volcanic domes
D. all of these

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
6-42
85. What type of eruption formed the main volcanic features in this figure?
A. fluid lava flows

B. large pyroclastic eruptions
C. lava fountain
D. fissure eruptions
E. eruptions beneath the seafloor

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
86. What types of rocks would be common in the volcano in this figure?
A. welded tuff
B. felsic and intermediate lava flows
C. nonwelded tuff
D. volcanic domes
E. all of these

Section: 6.10
Topic: Volcanoes
6-43
87. Some scientists think that Yellowstone could cause a future disaster because:
A. the area is part of a caldera
B. scientists think that magma is still present at depth
C. past eruptions from Yellowstone carried ash over a huge area of western North America
D. land near Yellowstone is uplifting in some places and subsiding in others
E. all of these

Section: 6.11
Topic: Volcanoes
88. What tectonic setting is interpreted to be the cause of volcanism at Yellowstone?

A. subduction along the coast of the Pacific Northwest
B. magma that is coming up along a bend in a transform fault
C. movement of North America over a mantle plume
D. a large meteorite impact that struck the area 100 years ago

Section: 6.11
Topic: Volcanoes
89. Eruptions on the islands of Santorini in Greece and Krakatau in Indonesia resulted in:
A. collapse of a huge caldera that caused part of an island to disappear beneath the sea
B. a huge ash column and pyroclastic flows
C. destructive waves that traveled across the sea
D. all of these

Section: 6.11
Topic: Volcanoes
6-44
90. Which of the following sites would most likely have composite volcanoes? A is on an
island arc, B is in the Andes, C is near Hawaii, D is along a mid-ocean ridge.
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C and D
D. A and C
E. B and D

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
6-45
91. Which of the following sites would most likely have less dangerous volcanoes? A is on an
island arc, B is in the Andes, C is near Hawaii, D is along a mid-ocean ridge.
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C and D
D. A and C
E. B and D

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
6-46
92. Which of the following sites has volcanoes related to subduction? A is on an island arc, B
is in the Andes, C is near Hawaii, D is along a mid-ocean ridge.
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C and D
D. A and C
E. B and D

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
93. Which of the following is the best indicator that a volcano might be very dangerous?
A. gentle slopes that signify fast-flowing lavas
B. rock analyses that indicate a low content of silica
C. a volcano that contains andesite and welded tuffs
D. ages that indicate the volcano last erupted 10 million years ago

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
6-47
94. Which of the following factors makes a site near a volcano relatively more dangerous?
A. the nearby slopes on the volcano are gentle
B. a site that is within a valley that drains the volcano
C. a site that is upwind from the volcano
D. all of these
E. none of these

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
95. Which of the following sites near a volcano might be relatively less dangerous?
A. a site that is within the shelter provided by the volcano's central crater
B. a site on a ridge as opposed to a site in a valley
C. a site protected by steep slopes of the volcano
D. a site where rocks have been weakened by hot volcanic fluids
E. all of these

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
6-48
96. Which of the following sites would have the most dangerous volcanoes? A is on an island
arc, B is in the Andes, C is near Hawaii, D is along a mid-ocean ridge.
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C and D
D. A and C
E. B and D

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
6-49
97. Which of the following sites has volcanism related to a hot spot or divergent margin? A is
on an island arc, B is in the Andes, C is near Hawaii, D is along a mid-ocean ridge.
A. A and B
B. B and C
C. C and D
D. A and C
E. B and D

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
98. Which of the following factors indicates a high risk for volcanic mudflows or lahars?
A. a shield volcano that forms a low mountain in the tropics
B. a volcano whose hillslopes are covered with hard basaltic lava
C. a volcano with a thick covering of snow or ice
D. all of these

Section: 6.13
Topic: Volcanoes
6-50
99. Which of the following activities is NOT used to monitor volcanoes?

A. measuring seismic activity with seismic instruments
B. measuring sulfur dioxide gas emissions
C. measuring changes in heat flow from satellites
D. measuring tilting on the flanks of a volcano
E. all of these are used to monitor volcanoes

Section: 6.12
Topic: Volcanoes
100. What is the main volcanic hazard at site 1?
A. lava flows
B. small pyroclastic flow
C. large, less frequent mudflows
D. landslides from steep mountain fronts

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
6-51
101. Which site has the lowest hazard for pyroclastic eruptions?
A. 1, the suburbs of Tacoma

B. 2, a valley near the volcano
C. 3, the flanks of the volcano
D. 4, the summit of the volcano

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
102. Which site has the highest hazard for lava flows?
A. 1, the suburbs of Tacoma

B. 2, a valley near the volcano
C. 3, the flanks of the volcano
D. 4, the summit of the volcano

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
6-52
103. The main hazard that Mount Rainier poses to Tacoma and its suburbs is:
A. hot lava flows
B. numerous small but deadly pyroclastic flows
C. volcanic mudflows
D. a hot, glowing lava fountain

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
104. What kind of a volcano is Mount Rainier?

A. an exceptionally large volcanic dome
B. a collapsed caldera
C. a large and dangerous shield volcano
D. an explosive scoria cone
E. none of these

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
105. What is the plate-tectonic setting of Mount Rainier?

A. a hot spot related to Yellowstone
B. spreading along the Juan de Fuca ridge
C. a continent-continent collision
D. subduction beneath the Pacific Northwest
E. none of these

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
6-53
106. What do we know about the main volcanoes in the Cascade Range?
A. Only Mount St. Helens has erupted in the last 4,000 years.
B. Only Mount St. Helens and Mount Shasta in California have erupted in the last 4,000
years.
C. Only Mount St. Helens and Crater Lake have erupted in the last 4,000 years.
D. Nearly all of the large Cascade volcanoes have erupted in the last 4,000 years.

Section: 6.14
Topic: Volcanoes
107. Which site on the island is the most dangerous?
A. the location of Rock 1

B. the location of Rock 2
C. the location of Rock 3
D. the area of the landslide blocks
E. the area of the mudflow deposits

Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-54
108. Which site on the island is the least dangerous?


Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-55
109. Which site on the island is most likely to have viscous lava flows?


Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-56
110. Which site on the island has evidence for collapse of a volcanic dome?


Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-57
111. Which site on the island contains the most evidence for a hot and thick pyroclastic flow?


Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-58
112. This dark gray igneous rock is glassy and elsewhere contains small vesicles and flow
bands. What type of rock is this?
A. basalt
B. rhyolite or obsidian
C. welded tuff
D. volcanic breccia

Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
113. This dark gray igneous rock is glassy and elsewhere contains small vesicles and flow
bands. What kind of eruption probably formed this rock?
A. eruption of a low-viscosity, basaltic lava flow

B. eruption of high-viscosity lava in a dome
C. dome collapse that forms volcanic breccia
D. eruption of a pyroclastic flow that forms a thick and hot deposit
E. slow settling of ash from a tall eruption column forming a nonwelded tuff

Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-59
114. This igneous rock contains flattened pieces of pumice and small crystals of quartz and
feldspar. What type of rock is it?
A. basalt
B. rhyolite or obsidian
C. welded tuff
D. volcanic breccia

Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-60
115. This igneous rock contains flattened pieces of pumice and small crystals of quartz and
feldspar. What type of eruption probably formed this rock?
A. eruption of a low-viscosity, basaltic lava flow

B. eruption of high-viscosity lava in a dome
C. dome collapse that forms volcanic breccia
D. eruption of a pyroclastic flow that forms a thick and hot deposit
E. slow settling of ash from a tall eruption column forming a nonwelded tuff

Section: 6.15
Topic: Volcanoes
6-61

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Chapter 06 - Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

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Multiple Choice Questions

1. What type of volcanic eruption is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

2. What event triggered the main eruption of May 1980?

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

12. Which of the following volcanoes is generally the largest?

Difficulty Level: Remember

13. Which of the following is least likely to be a volcano?

Difficulty Level: Remember

14. Which of the following is NOT evidence of recent activity at a volcano?

Difficulty Level: Remember

A. the fluid cascade of lava

Difficulty Level: Analyze

16. What type of eruption is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

17. What type of eruption is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

18. What type of eruption is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

19. What type of eruption is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Remember

24. What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

25. What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

26. What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

27. What type of volcanic eruption is probably shown in this photograph?

Difficulty Level: Analyze

A. scoria and other vesicular basalt

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Remember

30. Which of the following occurs in a lava tube?

Difficulty Level: Remember

Difficulty Level: Remember

A. fluid lava flows

Difficulty Level: Analyze

33. Eruptions of scoria cones are commonly associated with:

Difficulty Level: Remember

A. fluid lava flows

Difficulty Level: Analyze

Difficulty Level: Analyze

36. Shield volcanoes commonly have: