Nanotechnology in Medicine

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Nanotechnology in medicine

Nano medicine refers to the area of science that combines nanotechnology with
drugs or diagnostic molecules to improve the ability to target specific cells or
tissues. These materials are produced on a Nano scale level and are safe to
introduce into the body. Applications for nanotechnology in medicine include
imaging, diagnosis, or the delivery of drugs that will help medical professionals
treat various diseases.

Target specification

Improving the ability of nanotechnologies to target specific cells or tissues is of


great interest to companies producing Nano medicines. This area of research
involves attaching nanoparticles onto drugs or liposomes to increase specific
localization. Since different cell types have unique properties, nanotechnology
can be used to “recognize” cells of interest. This allows associated drugs and
therapeutics to reach diseased tissue while avoiding healthy cells. While this is a
promising area of research, very few Nano medicines exist that successfully
utilize nanotechnology in this manner. This is due to ill-defined parameters
associated with pairing the correct ratio or combination of nanoparticles with
the drug of interest.

Controlled drug release

The ability to control the release of a drug or therapeutic compound from its
associated nanotechnology is gaining a lot of interest from industry. This
“triggered” release, in theory, could be achieved from within the body or from
outside the body. Internal mechanisms include changes in the environment of
tumors compared to surrounding tissue, while external stimuli include
temperature changes, light, or ultrasound. Currently, research efforts are
focused on trying to understand how to release diagnostic molecules and drugs
from liposomes with heat, and micro bubbles using ultrasound.

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