Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

S1 Science Test
Unit 6 Matter as par ticles
Name: ____________________________（ ） Time and Marks
Class: ____________________________ Part A: 35 min / 100 marks
Date: ____________________________ Parts A & B: 45 min / 120 marks

Note:
1 Attempt ALL questions.
2 Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Answer Sheets.

Part A (Level 1)

A Matching (3 marks, 1 mark each)

Different states of matter have different properties. Match the following matter with the properties under the
photos by writing a to c in the blanks on the answer sheet.

1 2 3
Hydrogen
Wine
Clip

a Fixed volume, no fixed shape. b No fixed volume, no fixed shape. c Fixed volume and shape.

B True or false questions (7 marks, 1 mark each)

Study each of the following statements. Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement on the answer
sheets.

1 States of matter have mass and take up space.

2 Sound energy is an example of matter.
3 Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide.
4 A substance with only one kind of atoms is called an element.
5 Metal ships float on water because the density of metal is lower than that of water.
6 When a hot air balloon is heated, it rises because its density decreases.
7 Thermal expansion and contraction of matter mean that particles expand on heating and contract on cooling.

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 51 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

C Multiple-choice questions (20 marks, 2 marks each)

Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions.

1 Which two of the following exist in the same state of matter at room temperature?
(1) Alcohol (2) Distilled water (3) Pencil (4) Oxygen
A (1) and (2) only.
B (1) and (4) only.
C (2) and (3) only.
D (2) and (4) only.

2 In the figure on the right, a student injects 50 cm3 of water from a syringe into
a conical flask. Which of the following about this amount of water is correct?
A The volume and the shape of the water do not change.
B The volume of water increases with that of the conical flask.
C The water takes the shape of the conical flask.
D The volume and the shape of the water change.

3 The process in which matter changes from liquid to gas is called

A dissolving.
B boiling.
C melting.
D freezing.

4 Water freezes to ice at the temperature called

A evaporation point. C melting point.
B boiling point. D freezing point.

5 In the figure on the right, a student shakes a box of dice to demonstrate the
property of particles in liquid. Which of the following about this experiment is
incorrect?
A The dice represent the particles.
B The dice are arranged in an irregular pattern.
C Each dice vibrates in a short distance only.
D The dice move in the same direction as the student shakes the box.

6 Same volumes of water and alcohol are mixed together. The total volume is smaller than the sum of the two
volumes. Which of the following explanations is correct?
A Some of water and alcohol disappear.
B The smaller water particles occupy the spaces between the larger alcohol particles.
C The larger alcohol particles keep the smaller water particles away.
D After mixing, the structures of particles in water and alcohol change.

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 52 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

7 Under the condition of fixed volume, which of the following can increase gas pressure?
(1) Increasing the speed of particles.
(2) Increasing the number of particles.
(3) Decreasing the space in which the particles move.
A (1) and (2) only. C (2) and (3) only.
B (1) and (3) only. D (1), (2) and (3).

8 Which of the following are related to air pressure?

(1) Fixing a sucker on a wall.
(2) When an aeroplane lands, passengers feel pain in their ears.
(3) Ice melts to water at room temperature.
A (1) and (2) only. C (2) and (3) only.
B (1) and (3) only. D (1), (2) and (3).

9 Which of the following is the unit of density?

A g/m2 C g/m3
B kg/ft3 D g/cm3

10 Three states of matter expand differently on heating and contract differently on cooling. Which expands and
contracts the most? Which expands and contracts the least?
The most The least
A Solid Liquid
B Liquid Gas
C Gas Solid
D Gas Liquid

D Fill in the blanks (20 marks, 2 marks each)

Complete the following sentences.

1 The process in which matter changes from gas to liquid is called a . The process in which matter
changes from liquid to solid is called b .

2 The smallest unit of particle is c . All matter is made up of hundred kinds of this unit.

3 A d measures gas pressure. The unit of gas pressure is e .

4 Solid has f shape and volume. The particles g in a specific position and cannot move from one
place to another.

5 There is a layer of air surrounding the earth. This layer of air is called h .

6 Oil floats on water because it has a lower i than water.

7 The j in irons makes use of thermal expansion and contraction to control the temperature of the irons.

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 53 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

E Questions (50 marks)

1 Explain each of the following common phenomena.

a b c

Hot air balloon rises in the Readings change with different Drink with a straw.
sky. (2 marks) temperatures. (2 marks) (2 marks)

2 The figure below is observed in a demonstration of Brownian motion using smoke particles.

a Which particles do X and Y represent? (2 marks)

b Describe the pattern that particle Y moves. (1 mark)

c Which particle, X or Y, undergoes Brownian motion? (1 mark)

d What does the word ‘motion’ in Brownian motion mean? (1 mark)

e Using the answer in c, explain why Brownian motion occurs. (4 marks)

3 a Below are five statements about the particle theory. Lily finds that there is a mistake in each statement.
Underline and correct the mistakes in the spaces provided on the answer sheet. (10 marks)

Statements about the particle theory Correction

i All matter is made up of atoms.
ii Different substances are made up of same particles.
iii Particles are large.
iv Particles do not move.
v There are no spaces between particles.

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 54 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

Lily wants to know more about the particle theory. She fills a gas jar with brown gas and
another with air. She places the two gas jars as shown on the right.
b Lily removes the cover plates. What change occurs in the gas jars immediately?

(2 marks)
c After the cover plates are removed for 5 minutes, what happens in the gas jars?

(2 marks)

d Use the particle theory to explain the change in the gas jars. (4 marks)

4 Jimmy performs an experiment about density. He puts a fresh egg into a beaker and adds 150 cm3 of water.

a Why does the egg sink in water? (1 mark)

Jimmy adds some salt to the water and stirs carefully with a glass rod.

b Why does Jimmy stir with the glass rod? (2 marks)

Jimmy adds more salt gradually.

c What happens to the density of the salt water? (1 mark)

d What happens to the position of the egg in the water? Explain your answer. (4 marks)
e What does this experiment tell you? (2 marks)

f If starch is used instead of salt, what is the result of the experiment? Explain your answer. (4 marks)

g Suggest a simple method to extract salt from the salt water. (3 marks)

－ End of Part A －

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 55 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

Part B (Level 2) (20 marks)

Discovering Saturn’s Moon

Read the following passage and answer the questions.

In January 2005, the European Space Agency’s Huygens probe

successfully landed on Titan, Saturn’s largest moon. Photos
returned from the probe showed that there were mountains and
rivers on Titan.

Scientists choose Titan because it is the only moon in the Solar

System known to have an atmosphere. Its atmosphere is mostly Titan

nitrogen and methane. The condition was similar to that of Earth

millions of years ago. Huygens probe

The table below shows some information about Titan:

Diameter 5550 km
Mass 1/45 that of Earth
Average density 1.88 times liquid water
Surface temperature −180oC
Mountains and rivers found on Titan Atmospheric pressure at surface 1.5 times Earth’s
Source and acknowledgement: ESA / NASA

1 Why do scientists think that methane, not water, is found in the rivers?
(Hint: The freezing point and boiling point of methane are −185oC and −164oC respectively.) (4 marks)

2 What happens to a balloon full of gas when it is brought from Earth to Titan? Explain your answer.

(4 marks)

3 If Titan is put in water, does it float or sink? Explain your answer. (4 marks)

4 Does a hot air balloon on Titan work as it does on Earth? Why? (Hint: Methane is flammable.) (4 marks)
5 Titan and Earth have a lot in common. Some scientists believe that Titan can be our shelter when
Earth is no longer suitable to live. What do you think? Write a letter to these scientists to express
your opinions. (4 marks)
－ End of Part B －

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 56 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

S1 Science Test
Unit 6 Matter as par ticles
Answer Sheets

Name: __________________（ ） Class: ____________ Marks: __________________

Total: 100% (Part A) / 120% (Parts A & B)
Section A Total
Do not write in
Part A (Level 1) this box

A Matching (3 marks, 1 mark each)

1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________

Section B Total
Do not write in
this box
B True or false questions (7 marks, 1 mark each)

1 _______ 2 _______ 3 _______ 4 _______ 5 _______ 6 _______ 7 _______

C Multiple-choice questions (20 marks, 2 marks each) Section C Total

Do not write in
this box

1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________ 4 __________ 5 __________

6 __________ 7 __________ 8 __________ 9 __________ 10 __________

D Fill in the blanks (20 marks, 2 marks each)

a ______________________ b ______________________ c ______________________

Section D Total
Do not write in
d ______________________ e ______________________ f ______________________ this box

g ______________________ h ______________________ i ______________________

j ______________________

E Questions (50 marks)

1 a ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

b ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

c ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 57 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

2 a ___________________________________________________________________________

b ___________________________________________________________________________

c ___________________________________________________________________________

d ___________________________________________________________________________

e ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

3 a Statements about the particle theory Correction

i All matter is made up of atoms.

ii Different substances are made up of same particles.

iii Particles are large.

iv Particles do not move.

v There are no spaces between particles.

b ___________________________________________________________________________

c ___________________________________________________________________________

d ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4 a ___________________________________________________________________________

b ___________________________________________________________________________

c ___________________________________________________________________________

d ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e ___________________________________________________________________________

f ___________________________________________________________________________ Section E Total

Do not write in
this box

___________________________________________________________________________

g ___________________________________________________________________________

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 58 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

Part B (Level 2) (20 marks)

1 _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

2 _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3 _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4 _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Part B Total
Do not write in
this box

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 59 -

Living Science (Second Edition) Unit Test 1 6 Matter as particles

S1 Science Test (Unit 6 Matter as particles)

Answers

Part A (Level 1)
A Matching (3%)
1 a 2 c 3 b 1 m each

B True or false questions (7%)

1 F 2 F 3 T 4 T 5 F 6 F 7 F 1 m each

C Multiple-choice questions (20%)

1 A 2 C 3 B 4 D 5 D 6 B 7D 8A 9D 10 C 2 m each

D Fill in the blanks (20%)

a condensation b freezing c atom d Bourdon gauge e pascal/Pa
f fixed g vibrate h atmosphere i density j thermostat 2 m each

E Questions (50%)
1 a On heating, the hot air inside the balloon is less dense than cold air outside. So the balloon rises. 2m
b The liquid inside the thermometer expands as temperature rises and contracts when temperature drops. 2m
c Air in the straw is removed. Air pressure crushes the drink and so the liquid inside moves up along the straw. 2m
2 a X is an air particle. Y is a smoke particle. 1 m each
b Particle Y moves along zigzag paths. c Particle Y d Random movement 1 m each
e Air particles move about randomly in all directions and hit smoke particles on all sides. The smoke particles are
therefore pushed to move along zigzag paths. 4m
3 a i All matter is made up of atoms. (Correction: particles) correct underline 1 m, correction 1 m
ii Different substances are made up of same particles. (Correction: different) correct underline 1 m, correction 1 m
iii Particles are large. (Correction: tiny) correct underline 1 m, correction 1 m
iv Particles do not move. (Correction: move and vibrate all the time) correct underline 1 m, correction 1 m
v There are no spaces between particles. (Correction: are) correct underline 1 m, correction 1 m
b The brown gas moves from the bottom jar to the top jar. 2m
c The gases in the two jars are evenly distributed. Pale brown colour is observed in the jars. 2m
d Brown gas and air are made up of particles. The particles are tiny and there are spaces between them. 1 m each
The gas particles move in all directions. They move from a region that has more gas particles to a region that has
fewer gas particles. 1 m each
4 a It is because the density of the egg is higher than that of water. 1m
b Allow salt to dissolve more quickly and evenly in water. 2m
c The density of the salt water increases. 1m
d The egg floats up gradually. At first, the egg is denser than water and so it sinks in water. 2m
When the density of the salt water increases and is higher than that of the egg, the egg starts to float. 2m
e If an object is denser than a liquid, it sinks in the liquid. If it is less dense than the liquid, it floats on the liquid. 2m
f The egg still sinks in water because starch is insoluble in water and the density of water does not change. 4m
g Put the liquid in an evaporating dish. Heat the liquid until all evaporates. Salt will be left in the dish. 3m

Part B (Level 2) (20%)

1 As the surface temperature of Titan is only −180oC, water freezes and becomes ice. 2m
The freezing point of methane is −185oC. It exists in liquid state in the rivers. 2m
2 Titan’s atmospheric pressure is 1.5 times Earth’s, which is greater than the pressure inside the balloon. 2m
The atmospheric pressure crushes the balloon so that the volume of the balloon decreases. 2m
3 As Titan is denser than liquid water, it sinks in liquid water. 4m
4 No. There is no oxygen on Titan for burning. Methane is flammable and it may explode on heating. 4m
5 Any reasonable answers. (e.g. There is no oxygen on Titan. / The surface temperature on Titan is too low for human.) 4m

© Oxford University Press 2005 - 60 -