International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM BASED ON HYDRAULIC, MOTOR,

AND FLYWHEEL
Harshit Pandey1, Shivam Shukla2, Prof. Pratesh Jayaswal3
1,2,3Mechanical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - In this generation of the present situation, diminish the vehicle's fuel efficiency. Most extreme
energy will be lost is the major challenge for our automotive vitality from the motor is have to supplant the energy
industries. And in our daily life situation the fossil fuels are that was lost by brakes down.
depleted at very fast rate. This had produce widespread
assumptions that if we use the resources at this rate then it A large portion of it essentially happens free as heat and
will come time in which there have not so much time that gets unusable. That vitality which could have been use to
our all resource will expire. So we have required to generate accomplish work, is for all intents and purposes misused.
some technique though will saves the energy from getting
The arrangement of this kind of an issue is Regenerative
lost .In case of automobile the RBS has introduce the energy
recuperation. When the brakes are applied, a little amount of Braking System. This is another sort of braking
K.E. is lost in the form of thermal energy as a result of mechanism that can remember a great part of the car's
friction b/w brake(pads) and rotor. RBS has regains K.E. K.E. what's more, change it into E.E. or on the other hand
during mostly possible when that is wasted during the M.E. The vitality made can be store as a M.E. in flywheels,
operation of braking. And it utilizes the energy and release and as, E.E. in the car battery, which can be used once
the energy at the time of acceleration. This paper gives the
more.
three different methods of conserving energy by electrically
and mechanically and hydraulically. The K.E. has to be
There are 7 various strategies for energy transformation
converted it into E.E. with the help of electric motor and in
other method flywheel tackle the K.E.by conversion it into in RBSs including spring, flywheel, electromagnetic and
M.E. AND in the other method kinetic energy is to be pressure driven. All the more as of late, an
converted in the form of liquid driven pressure into the high electromagnetic-flywheel half breed RBS has come out
and low pressure accumulator. also. Each sort of RBS uses an alternate energy change or
capacity technique, giving differing effectiveness
Key Words: Regenerative Braking, Hybrid vehicles, K.E applications for each kind.
recovery system, Flywheel, Electric Motor, Hydraulic Power,
battery 2. CONVERSION OF K.E. TO E.E. USING MOTOR
1. INTRODUCTION We know that electrical motor is converted the electrical
A braking mechanism is a mechanical framework that energy to mechanical energy. Electric motor is the key
hamper movement by engrossing energy from a moving portion of regenerative braking system. When electric
framework. It is utilized for decelerate and halting a stream is salted then electric electric engine restored work.
moving vehicle, wheel, hub, and to stop its movement, Similarly when external force is applied in the engine to
frequently impeccable by methods for friction. The term work, then it behaves like generator and produced power.
'Brake' in a moving vehicle implies the execution of the When motor produced mechanical energy, which energy is
brakes to diminish its speed or stop its movement, used to revive the vehicle. Generator is a inverse process of
regularly by dispresses a pedal. The slowing down space motor. Generator makes it possible to use the rotation of the
is the separation between the time the brakes are placed driving vehicle to rotate the engines, produce electrical
in and the vehicle arrives at a complete stop. In braking energy by the generator is charged by the battery, in this
mechanisms on an general vehicles, the friction is used process force is produced, this force is then used for
to forestall the forward force of a moving vehicle. As the empowering the battery which is used in the process.
brake cushions rub against the wheels or a saucer that is
appended to the axles, unnecessary heat vitality is
delivered. This heat vitality filling into the air, abuse as
much as 29 % of the vehicle's made force. After some
time, this pattern of friction and abuses heat vitality

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4726
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4. HYDRAULIC ASSISTED RBS

The working of the hydraulic assisted regeneration braking

system in 3 modes.

1. Regenerative mode

2. Launch mode

3. Recirculation mode

(A). In regenerative braking mode, kinetic energy of wheels

FIG -1: Motor Generator (RBS) is converted into pressure energy using a bio-directional
gear motor.
3. FLYWHEEL REGENRATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM
(B). The process of bio directional gear motor is momentary
Flywheel is a starting turning mass that stores dynamic act as a pump, pressurizing the hydraulic fluid gets store in a
energy or the mechanical energy of the wheel in a sample accumulator, the load on the pump keeps increasing thus
structure. The process of recovering energy is movable resulting into the retardation of object.
qualified. The disasters needed during the process of
energy changes are still away from, the fact in which (C). In a launch mode, the stored hydraulic energy is
energy is being transmitted in the mechanical frame all converted into kinetic energy. The pressurized fluid in the
through the cycle. When battery is charged, then high pressure accumulator pulls a pressure on the
mechanical energy of system is being changed into biodirectional gear motor.
electrical energy and in the case of discharging the battery.
Electrical energy is being changed over into mechanical (D). AND in the recirculation mode, cleaner and alternatives
energy. The equation of flywheel is given by are used.

E=1/2.I.W2

Where, E= rotational energy of the flywheel

I= moment of inertia of the flywheel

W= angular speed of flywheel

FIG -3: Hydraulic assisted RBS
The proportion of energy is avoid by the flywheel
depends upon its weight (mass), run and rotational speed.
5. REGENERATIVE BRAKING EFFICIENCY
To destroy the energy together and to begin the energy or
to begin the energy travel through flywheel, exact power An IC engine has an efficiency about 15-20% and the
must be opposite. efficiency of the gasoline engine only 21 % of energy is
converted to the K.E. of the vehicle. It will supposed by the
engine efficiency. In we seen in a automotive way then
electric motors and vehicles are more and max efficient.

While in an induction motor engine has an efficiency has an

range of 70 to 80%(it is for highway driving scenario)
PMAC MOTORS (permanent mag. Ac motors) are even
FIG -2: Flywheel RBS more efficient than normal motor and it is 82 to 90%
efficient.

Hydraulic powered RB’s mechanisms could give greatly

increasingly glorious addition, conceivably decreasing oil

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4727
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

use by 23- 47 %. An a centennial that have to seen the

complete of the giant fuel subordinate spares that have
outfitted us with imperativeness for vehicle and other
development has been establish, and in which fear about
carbon releases are heading off to an apex, this extra
capability is ending up being progressively large.

6.EXPECTED OUTCOMES
1. It ought to store energy while braking down
which its fundamental target

2. It ought to reestablish the set aside CHART -4: RBS on Škoda Rapid
imperativeness at whatever point required without
any problem Table -1: RBS on Urban model

RBS on Urban Model

3. It should be smaller and simpler to installing
Avg. Power Avg.
Parameter Frequency
4. It should give adequate ending /slowing down % without Rbs Power
power to the vehicle kw with Rbs
kw
5. When used related to traditional braking Acceleration 28.2 24.6 15.9
machine, it ought to effortlessly handle according to
our item. Deceleration
28.3 1.5 0.0

6. It ought to in this way increment the productivity 3.8 0.0

Stationary 0.0
as far as fuel utilization and accordingly decreasing 39.4 10.0
outflows. Constant Speed 11.4
Increase in efficiency 29.3%
7. Because it is an extra, its expense ought to be
legitimate during a short time frame length.
Table -2: RBS on Rural model
7. ADVANTAGES OF REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM
RBS on rural Model
Avg. Power Avg.
1. Efficiency is improved as it brings low down the fuel Parameter Frequency
% without Rbs Power
utilization.
kw with Rbs
kw
2. Subtract the carbon’ impression and in this manner it will
be environment friendly. Acceleration 15.7 21.9 19.4

0.0 25.2 0.0

3. Impromize vehicle execution as it helps the increasing Deceleration
speed in a split second. 0.0 0.0
Stationary 8.0
10.0 2.8
4. Regenerative slowing mechanism diminishes large work Constant Speed 45.8
done by the motor and in this manner diminishes the wear Increase in 29.3%
and tear of motor parts. efficiency

5. RB’s down enhancements has the friction slowing down In the urban model, a 64% expansion in eco- friendliness has
and in this manner diminishes the profitable of the accomplished by this execution of braking down, inside the
assembles parts. provincial model, 30% increment in eco-friendliness was
fought.
Some are the results of a RB’s setup including with ultra
capacitors on The Skoda Rapid

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4728
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

8. DISADVANTAGES OF REGENERATIVE BRAKING [2] Greg Solberg, Firmware Engineer June 29,2007, “The
SYSTEM Magic of Tesla Roadster Regenerative Braking”

1. If the rotating motor has been used as a generator, it

should be restriction of limiting the power when it is act as a
motor.

2. And there have an another problem arrive because

vehicles has generally can brake much harder with max
power with conv., halting based brakes has an accelerate
movement forward, and an RB system braking has min –
mum efficient than friction based brakes.

3. While it bodes well to endeavor to recoup dynamic energy

for later driving, the specific measure of energy and the pace
of energy, that can be recuperated, is subject to both the
horde of accessible engine, inverter, and battery types, and
the driving situation.

4. Maximize the entire weight of vehicle by approx 40-50

Kilograms

9. SCOPES AND OBJECTIVE

1.World’s most leading automobiles company like
buggati, bmw, maserraati, Ferrari, tesla are developed
hybrid type vehicles and to innovate electric vehicles are
trying to add this RBS systems.

2. By the help of RBS systems we can achieve the Max

efficiency in automobiles in the future.

3. In the usage of I.C. engine automobiles the efficiency is

achieved is 30% approx but by the help of electric
vehicles the efficiency is maximize upto 50-60%.

4. By using the (RBS) systems it will measure the

improvement of the overall efficiency and also safe the
energy much more.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS MY SPECIAL THANKS OF MY

GRATITUDE TO MY GUIDE “Prof. PRATESH JAYASWAL” FOR
THEIR ABLE GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT IN COMPLETING MY
PROJECT REPORT.

I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO EXTEND MY GRATITUDE TO THE

HOD OF MECHANICAL DEPT. DR.MANISH SAGAR FOR
PROVIDING ME WITH ALL THE FACILTY THAT WAS
REQUIRED.

REFERENCES

[1] R. Chicurel, “A compromise solution for energy recovery

in vehicle braking,” Energy, vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 1029–
1034, Jan. 1999.

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4729