ESN108 User's Guide

Ethernet DSL Access

 ESN108 User's Guide
Ethernet DSL Access

Copyright

 Ericsson AB - 2004 All Rights Reserved

Disclaimer
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the written
permission of the copyright owner.

The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to
continued progress in methodology, design and manufacturing. Ericsson shall
have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting from the use of
this document.

ii 1553-KDU 137 210/A11 Uen D 2004-01-30

.

Contents

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Revision History 1
1.1.1 This Version 1
1.1.2 Version C Error! Bookmark not defined.

2 Functional Description 2
2.1 Overview 2
2.2 Software Upgrade 3
2.3 Spanning Tree 4
2.4 IGMP Snooping – Multicast 4
2.5 Port Based VLAN 5
2.6 Flow Control and Quality of Service 5
2.7 Fan and Temperature Control 6
2.7.1 Fan Performance States 7

3 User Interface 9
3.1 Main LEDs 9
3.2 Ethernet and PoE Status LEDs 10

4 Factory Default Settings 11

4.1 Configuration File 12

5 Maintenance 13

6 Troubleshooting 14

7 Technical Specifications 16
7.1 Overview 16
7.2 –48 V Input and GND 17
7.2.1 Fuse 18

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Contents

7.2.2 Connectors 18
7.3 SFP-module 18
7.4 Safety 19

Glossary 20

Acronyms and Abbreviations 21

Reference List 22

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 Introduction

1 Introduction
This guide describes the functionality of the ESN108 switch as part of the
Ethernet DSL Access (EDA) solution, and is intended for installation and
planning personnel. Installation of the ESN108 switch in the Access
Domain is described further in the ESN108 Installation Guide.

The reader should have a basic knowledge of the Internet Protocol (IP).
The guide can be read separately, but for a full understanding of the EDA
System, it’s advisable to read the System Overview.

The guide can be printed on a monochrome printer, but the illustrations are
easier to understand if a color printer is used.

1.1 Revision History

The guide is valid for EDA 1.3 Please refer to the Release Notes for valid
versions of the ESN108 switch and the application SW. Other product
versions, with functions not described in this guide, may be available.

1.1.1 This Version

This version is based on ESN108 User’s Guide, version C. The following
was changed in this revision:

The sections describing installation and verification have been removed

and can be found in the ESN108 Installation Guide.

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Functional Description

2 Functional Description

2.1 Overview
The ESN108 is a small Fast Ethernet Layer-2 aggregation switch
developed for the EDA solution. It is used for concentrating the data traffic
upwards in the network.

The ESN108 switch is equipped with 8 electrical 100Mbps Fast Ethernet

ports. It is possible to insert one Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) optical
module with 100Mbps Fast Ethernet (Single Mode Fiber, Dual Fiber)
intended as an aggregate (uplink) port.

The switch can supply power over Ethernet to EDA nodes, which are
connected to the electrical ports.

The ESN108 can be mounted on rods or U-shaped back mount frames.

The switch can be managed through any Ethernet port, using PEM and the
Local Craft Tool (LCT).

A typical use of the ESN108 is illustrated in Figure 1 on page 2.

EDA Small site solution Broadband

Network

FE Router/
BRAS

GE
ESN108 Ethernet
Switch

EDA Access
Domain

Figure 1 ESN108 Use in an EDA System

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 Functional Description

2.2 Software Upgrade

There are two types of software modules in the ESN108, that is the boot
SW and the application SW. Both modules can be upgraded remotely using
SNMP commands. The boot SW is stored in one single flash area on the
ESN108 and will be replaced when upgrading. The application SW is
stored in an active and passive flash area allowing a secure upgrade
procedure.

When an application SW upgrade has been ordered the ESN108

downloads the SW module from the Domain File Server, using a TFTP
server, and stores the SW in the passive flash area, see Figure 2 on page
4. By using a header pointer the role of the two areas are swapped, which
means that the former passive area is changed to become the active area
and the former active area is changed to become the passive area.

Next step is to reboot and the switch will now restart with the latest
downloaded version of the application SW.

If no module is stored in any of the flash areas of the ESN108 then a SW

module will be downloaded from the Domain File Server using TFTP.

Priorities between the different possible SW applications are: active flash

area, passive flash area and then module from the Domain File Server.
This means that the switch will start using the application SW in the active
area first, and if the active area does not contain any SW it will try to use
the application SW stored in the passive area. If the passive area does not
contain any SW the switch will start downloading the application SW from
the Domain File Server as described above.

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Functional Description

Passive Area: Application SW TFTP

Application SW
Flash in ESN108
Domain File Server
Active Area: Application SW

The Active Area and the

Passive Area Swaps “Role”

Active Area: Application SW

Flash in ESN108
Passive Area: Application SW

The Switch is Rebootet and will

start-up with the new application
SW

Figure 2 Upgrading Application SW to the ESN108

2.3 Spanning Tree

The ESN108 switch is able to use the spanning tree algorithm. The
spanning tree algorithm seses that the switch has more than one way to
communicate with a node, determines which way is best and blocks out the
other path(s). It keeps track of the other path(s), just in case the primary
path is unavailable. Spanning tree is disabled by default. When spanning
tree is enabled it takes about thirty seconds to negotiate what ports are
redundant and block them, so that only non-blocking ports are used.

2.4 IGMP Snooping – Multicast

To enable multicasting of downstream traffic in the system ESN108 is
equipped with IGMP snooping functionality. This allows multicast download
of SW images to IP DSLAMs and also streaming of video data to multiple
receivers with a low system load.

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 Functional Description

2.5 Port Based VLAN

The ESN108 is VLAN transparent and will leave all VLAN tags untouched.
It does however require the management traffic to be sent on a predefined
VLAN, and the default management VLAN is 246 in the EDA system.

To enable some control of how packets can flow through the switch, Port
based VLAN is supported. This function allows the user to define what
ports should be able to communicate. It is done by stating that incoming
traffic on e.g. port 1 only is allowed to exit on port 3,4,9.

The default setting for this is to ensure that all downlink ports only can send
traffic to the uplink port and not directly between them selves.

2.6 Flow Control and Quality of Service

By using flow control the switch will slow down the traffic rate if a port is
overloaded with data, i.e. exceeding 100Mbit per second. This ensures that
no traffic is lost in the switch.

Quality of Service overrides the flow control setting and enables priority
handling of traffic. The ESN108 has two priority queues; if the priority tag is
equal or larger then 5 (default setting) the frame is placed in the high
priority queue otherwise in the low priority queue. Frames are read from
these queues with a scheduler stating that 16 packets should be read from
the high priority queue and then 1 packet from the low priority queue.

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Functional Description

2.7 Fan and Temperature Control

The ESN108 uses temperature Control state for controlling the fans, as
condition for sending temperature related traps. The high temperature
value is probably caused by fan failure, high environment temperature, or
blocked air outlets.

The thresholds between the temperature states contain hysteresis, as

depicted in Figure 3 on page 6. Note that under normal operation the
temperature state will change between Low, Normal and High. The fan
control will try to maintain the Normal temperature state.

tempTooHighCeasing
Trap
Temperature
(Cº) temperatureTooHigh
High to Trap
TooHigh ESN108 temperature

95

Normal
to High

High or 75
TooHigh 73
to
Normal 67

Low to
Normal
55

Normal
to Low

State: Low Normal Low Normal High Normal High TooHigh Normal

Figure 3 Temperature states of the ESN108

The maximum temperature is measured in selected hot spots that can

endure very high temperature. The temperature is measured with one-
minute intervals.

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 Functional Description

The Control state changes from Low to Normal, if the temperature is above
threshold Low to Normal.

The Control state changes from Normal to Low, if the temperature is below
threshold Normal to Low.

The Control state changes from Normal to High, if the temperature is above
threshold Normal to High.

The Control state changes from High to Normal, if the temperature is below
threshold High to Normal.

The Control state changes from High to TooHigh, if the temperature is

above threshold High to TooHigh.

2.7.1 Fan Performance States

A fan can be in one of the following performance states: Failed, Poor and
Good. (See Figure 4 on page 7)

Good Performance Alarm

Fan rotation speed Poor Performance Alarm
(rpm) Failed Alarm

12000 Threshold4 (rpm)

11000 Threshold3 (rpm)

10000 Threshold2 (rpm)

9000 Threshold1 (rpm)

State: Good Poor Failed Poor Good Poor Good

Figure 4 Overview of Performance State for the fans

A fan changes the state from Good to Poor, if the rotation speed of the fan
in rpm, after 2 minutes of running at full speed level, is below the
Threshold3.

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Functional Description

A fan changes state from Good or Poor to Failed if the rotation speed of the
fan in rpm, after 30 seconds of running at full speed level, is below
Threshold1.

A fan changes state from Failed to Poor if the rotation speed of the fan in
rpm is above Threshold2 and from Failed to Good if the Poor if the rotation
speed of the fan in rpm is above Threshold4.

A fan changes state from Poor to Good if the rotation speed of the fan in
rpm is above Threshold4.

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 User Interface

3 User Interface
The ESN108 display comprises of 2 main LED’s at the front, which
indicates the status of the ESN108, and 9 LED’s for Ethernet and PoE
Status.

3.1 Main LEDs

Table 1 Main LED Indication in the ESN108
Red LED Green ESN108 Status
LED
██████ _______ Power-on: Initial LED state
During operation: major HW error
██__██ ██__██ Power-on: Boot SW starting (2.5 flashes pr
second)
█_█_█_ █_█_█_ Power-on: Loading application SW
(approximately 8 flashes pr second)
_______ ________ Power-on: Switching from Boot SW to application
SW (…or not powered on)
________ ██████ Normal operation
________ █_█_█_ Information: No DHCP offer received or SW
upgrade in progress (2 flashes pr second)
███___ ██████ Minor error, or service needed
Indication set manually from the PEM, to point out
a specific ESN108 (for example to help
███___ ___███ maintenance personnel to locate an ESN108 in
the MDF). Light shift every second.

Legend: █ or █ : LED is On
_ : LED is Off

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User Interface

3.2 Ethernet and PoE Status LEDs

Port 1-8 are electrical Ethernet ports, which can be configured for delivering
Power over Ethernet, and the 8 LEDs can therefore indicate the link status
and fault in the Power over Ethernet operation. The LED for port 9 indicates
the link status of the optical Ethernet port, if equipped with a Small Form-
factor Pluggable (SFP) module. Note that port 9 is indicated, in the display,
as A (Aggregate).

Table 2 Ethernet and PoE LED Indication on the ESN108 Switch

PoE status Link status ESN108 Ethernet Status
Red LED Green LED
Port 1-8 Port 1-9
█_█_█_█ ________ Power over Ethernet failure
(approximately flashes at 6 Hz)
________ ________ Link is not established or no SFP plugged in
port 9
________ ██████ Link is established
________ █__█__█ Link is established.
Data is transmit or received at 10 Mbit/s
Ethernet (approximately flashes at 3 Hz)
________ █_█_█_█ Link is established.
Data is transmit or received at 100 Mbit/s
Ethernet (approximately flashes at 6 Hz)

Legend: █ or █ : LED is On
_ : LED is Off

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 Factory Default Settings

4 Factory Default Settings

Under normal conditions, the ESN108 is managed through PEM 1.6.
However, for some tasks the Local Craft Tool is used.

The ESN108 has a set of default data stored in Flash-memory, which can
be changed through the PEM 1.6. The factory default settings are:

• Power over Ethernet is enabled on Port 1-8.

The ESN108 has a set of default data stored in FLASH that cannot be
changed from the PEM 1.6. These data are as default:

• Management VLAN ID (1 to 4095), default = 246.

• Spanning Tree is disabled.

• Quality of Service is enabled. Priority barrier is set to 5, which means

that all traffic with a priority equal or higher then 5 will be put in the high
priority queue

• IGMP snooping is enabled.

• Bandwidth Threshold is set to 99%, which means that if the bandwidth

on any port is higher than 99% of maximum supported bandwidth an
alarm will be issued.

• Flow control is disabled on all ports.

• Port based VLAN is set to enable traffic flow from uplink to any
downlink port and from downlink ports only to uplink port. This implies
that it is not possible to communicate between the downlink ports by
default. Port 9 (optical port) and port 8 is configured as possible uplink
ports. Table 3 on page 12 illustrates the factory default settings, 1
denotes true (ports may communicate directly) and 2 denotes false.

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Factory Default Settings

Table 3 Traffic Forwarding Table

Ingress
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(FE1) (FE2) (FE3) (FE4) (FE5) (FE6) (FE7) (FE8) (Optical)
Egress
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE1)
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE2)
3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE3)
4
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE4)
5
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE5)
6
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE6)
7
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(FE7)
8
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1
(FE8)
9
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
(Optical)

Note: The above values can be changed by using the Local Craft Tool.
Please refer to the Local Craft Tool User’s Guide for detailed
information.

4.1 Configuration File

When ESN108 boots it reads and set the switch settings according the
following scheme:

1. Loads settings from NVM flash memory, 1st time it starts up this
memory contains the factory default settings

2. Loads configuration file settings, which may override the settings in

NVM or other settings not stored in NVM.

3. Ready to receive settings from PEM.

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 Maintenance

5 Maintenance
The only parts that should be replaced from time to time are the fans.

Each ESN108 has two fans that under normal operation work only with half
speed. Consequently, if one fan wears out and stops working, the other fan
will work at full speed until the defect fan is replaced. An alarm is issued if a
fan is not turning.

The ESN108 will check both fans every 24 hour to validate the quality of
the fan based at Rounds Per Minute (RPM) at full power. An alarm is
issued if a fan fails to reach a specified threshold.

Replacement of a fan is done from the front, without use of tools (see
Figure 5). Use the wires to pull the plug and the fan out. Insert the plug of
the new fan into the socket (wrong polarity is not possible). Click the new
fan into place (wind direction must be towards the back of the ESN108).

Caution!

Do not press the rotor directly, it can cause damage to the fan.

Figure 5 ESN108 Fan

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Troubleshooting

6 Troubleshooting

Table 4 Troubleshooting in Normal Operation

Symptoms Possible Cause Remedy
Both LEDs blinking The show me function in Deactivate the show me
PEM was activated function
Red LED blink One or both fans have Replace the faulty fan
Green LED lighted stopped
Red LED lighted Temperature too high: Replace the faulty fan.
Green LED off
One or both fans may be Make sure that the ambient
faulty. temperature in the MDF is
within the range specified in
The ambient temperature is the specifications.
too high.

Both LEDs off There is no DC power Check the power node

connected to the ESN108.
Check the Ethernet cable
through which the power is
supplied.

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Table 5 Troubleshooting During Startup (Boot)
Symptoms Possible Cause Remedy
Both LEDs off There is no DC power Check the power node connected
to the ESN108. Check the
Ethernet cable through which the
power is supplied.
Red LED lighted The HW is faulty or the Flash Replace the ESN108
Green LED off contains no valid Boot SW.
Both LEDs blinking Boot Command Mode. This Replace the ESN108
simultaneously 0.5 s mode is only entered, if the
On, 0.5 s Off (slow Boot Loader cannot initiate a
blink) DHCP request. Typically,
because there is no valid
Ethernet MAC address
stored in the Flash.

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Technical Specifications

7 Technical Specifications

7.1 Overview
The Ethernet Switch provides the following characteristics:

• Eight Fast Ethernet (FE), 100BASE-TX according to ANSI/IEEE STD

802.3, clause 25. Full duplex

• IEEE 802.1 Layer 2 switching

• IEEE 802.1D Bridged Ethernet

• IEEE 802.1Q Class of Service, with 2 priority queues per egress port

• Mapping to priority queues based on 802.1p tag

• Port based VLAN

• Transparency for VLAN Ids

• IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree

• Flow control, traffic blocking based on memory usage (per port basis)

• IGMP snooping RFC 2236, supports multicast loading of IP DSLAM

software and multicast video streaming

• SFP port with pluggable transceiver

• Eight Power over Ethernet outputs

• –48V input port according to ETS 300 132-2

• Visual status indication of operational states

• Operation and maintenance via both FE and optical ports

• Installation in MDF on KRONE LSA-Plus rails

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 Technical Specifications

• Operational at -5 to 55 degrees Celsius ambient temperature. Includes

operation in climatic conditions according to ETS 300 019 1-3 class 3.2
“Partly temperature-controlled locations” For indoors use only (For
example not connected to outdoor cables)

• Comply with the requirements of EN 300 386 for Telecommunication

Centers and Other than Telecommunication Centers environments
Class B

• Maximum input current with PoE active: 6.7 A

• Maximum load at each PoE output: 650 mA

• Maximum power consumption without PoE active: 10 W

• Size: 42 x 185 x 125 mm (HxWxD)

• Weight: 510 g

• MTBF: 56 years at 25°C ambient

7.2 –48 V Input and GND

The input port, complies with ETS 300 132-2.

The input voltage range is –40.5VDC to –57VDC.

The Maximum inrush current for the input port fulfils ETS 300 132-2; please
refer to ETR283; 1996; Transient voltages at interface A on
telecommunications dc power distributions, Section 4.7.

The Ethernet Switch provides 4ms backup during voltage interruption at the
-48V input port. A voltage interruption means forcing -48V to GND, with a
2 joule surge pulse at the end of the interruption. The requirement is based
on ETR 283; 1996; Transient voltages at interface A on
telecommunications dc power distributions, Section 4.7.

Over Voltage Protection is implemented on the -48V input, enabling the

Ethernet Switch to be resistant to:

• Surge level: 500V 2/12Ω 1,2/50µs (8/20µs)

• Resistibility to a 2J surge pulse at the end of a 4ms voltage interruption.

ETR283; 1996; Transient voltages at interface A on
telecommunications dc power distributions

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Technical Specifications

7.2.1 Fuse
The –48V input port is protected by means of a replaceable fuse.

Fuse: M 8A H/125VDC
Part No: NGH 324 030/080

7.2.2 Connectors
The –48 VDC central office input voltages shall be connected via connector
terminals on the cabinet side.

Type of the connectors for –48 V and GND: Black and Gray PowerPole.

GND and protective earth are connected directly to all RJ45 connectors pin
4, 5 and shield.

Protective earth clips for LSA rails are placed on the rear side.

7.3 SFP-module
The SFP-module (Product number RDH 102 32/1) supports the 100BASE-
FX OC-3 (SR/IR-1) standard for dual fiber, Single Mode Fiber.

Table 6 Main specification for optical dual fiber single mode SFP
transceiver
Optical output power -8 dBm to –15 dBm
Optical input power:
(Sensitivity) -8 to -28 dBm (min.)
Optical connectors LC duplex connector
Transmission length 0 <= 15 km (Depending of cable-
type)
Wavelength 1300nm

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 Technical Specifications

7.4 Safety
ESN108 is evaluated against compliance with relevant safety standards;
EN 60950 (or IEC EN 60950) and intended to serve as an evaluation of
conformance to safety requirements.

The following areas are evaluated:

• Markings

• Protection Against Electric Chock

• Thermal Requirements

• Fault Conditions

• Safety Components

• Power Connection And Wiring

• Protective Ground

• Mechanical Requirements

• Installation And Operating Instructions

ESN108 is found to be compliant according to IEC60 950/EN 60950 with

respect to these areas.

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Glossary

Glossary
DHCP server
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server.
A configuration server, capable of configuring
hosts with a variety of information required for
their operation.

Power over Ethernet (PoE)

EDA standard for power supplying devices
through category 5 LAN cables.

VLAN ID
A numerical value identifying a certain VLAN.

VLAN
Virtual LAN. A method used to separate and
group traffic within a physical LAN. VLANs
can be port oriented (frames received on a
specific port belongs to a certain VLAN) or
they can be tagged (frames carry a tag,
identifying the VLAN they belong to).

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 Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ADSL SNMP
Asyncron Digital Subscriber Line Simple Network Management Protocol

BRAS TCP
Broadband Remote Access Server Transmission Control Protocol

DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DSL
Digital Subscriber Line

EDA
Ethernet DSL Access

FTP
File Transfer Protocol

GUI
Graphical User Interface

IP
Internet Protocol

LAN
Local Area Network

MDF
Main Distribution Frame

MIB
Management Information Base

NNM
Network Node Manager

PEM
Public Ethernet Manager

PoE
Power Over Ethernet

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Reference List

Reference List
Release Notes, 109 47-HSC 901 26/4, Ericsson AB 2004

PEM User’s Guide, 1553-AOM 901 018/3, Ericsson AB 2004

System Overview, 1/1551-HSC 901 26/4, Ericsson AB 2004

Local Craft Tool User’s Guide, 1553-HSC 901 26/3, Ericsson AB 2004

Access Domain Installation Guide, 1531-HSC 901 26/4, Ericsson AB 2004

ESN108 Installation Guide, 1531-KDU 137 210/A11, Ericsson AB 2004

22 1553-KDU 137 210/A11 Uen D 2004-01-30

Ericsson AB  Ericsson AB - 2004 All Rights Reserved
www.ericsson.com 1553-KDU 137 210/A11 Uen D 2004-01-30