SURFACE J2424

REAF.
APR2003
VEHICLE
RECOMMENDED Issued 1998-01
PRACTICE Reaffirmed 2003-04

Superseding J2424 JAN1998

Free Motion Headform Impact Tests of Heavy Truck Cab Interiors

1. Scope—This SAE Recommended Practice describes the test procedures for conducting free motion
headform testing of heavy truck cab interior surfaces and components. A description of the test set-up,
instrumentation, impact configuration, target locations, and data reduction is included.

2. References

2.1 Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specified
herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.

2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

SAE J211-1—Instrumentation for Impact Test—Part 1: Electronic Instrumentation

SAE J211-2—Instrumentation for Impact Test—Part 2: Photographic Instrumentation
TP-201U-00—Laboratory Test Procedure for FMVSS 201—Occupant Protection in Interior Impact, Upper
Interior Head Impact Protection
SAECRP-9—”Heavy Truck Crashworthiness (Testing and Analysis for Recommended Practice Develop-
ment”, November 1996

3. Test Set-Up

3.1 Free Motion Headform—The free motion headform is a 10-lb modified Hybrid III dummy head with the nose
removed that conforms to the specifications of TP-201U-00.

3.2 Impact Zone—The free motion headform is impacted with the interior components such that impact occurs
within the forehead impact zone. This impact zone consists of a 100 mm (4 in) by 125 mm (5 in) rectangular
area on the forehead of the free motion headform as described in TP-201U-00, Section 11.4.

3.3 Test Temperature Conditions—The free motion headform must be within the temperature range of 19 °C to
26 °C (66 °F to 78 °F) at any relative humidity between 10% and 70%. The free motion headform must be
soaked in an ambient air environment in the specified range for a minimum of 4 h prior to the test.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”
SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.
Copyright © 2003 SAE International
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.

TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)

Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
Fax: 724-776-0790
Email: [email protected]
SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org
 SAE J2424 Reaffirmed APR2003

4. Instrumentation—The instrumentation requires measurement of time, three accelerations, and the time when
the headform contact occurs. Analog data is prefiltered (Class 1000) and then digitized at a minimum rate of
8000 samples per second.

4.1 Time System—A precision time system compatible with the test equipment shall be used to provide a time
reference for all recorded data.

4.2 Accelerometers—Three accelerometers shall be installed in the head cavity to measure orthogonal
accelerations (a x, a y, and az) at the center of gravity of the free motion headform. The three accelerometers
shall be mounted in an orthogonal array, and the intersection of the planes containing the sensitive axis of the
three sensors will be the origin of the array. Each data channel will be comprised of a sensor, signal
conditioner, data acquisition device, and all interconnecting cables, and must conform to the requirements of
the most recent version of SAE J211-1 and SAE J211-2, with data Class 1000 for head acceleration data.

4.3 Event Time—A system that identifies the precise instant of headform contact will be incorporated with the time
reference signal. The system should not effect the response of the free motion headform impact with the
interior component.

5. Impact Configuration—Any means of propelling the headform can be used as long as the impactor design is
capable of impacting the selected target at a minimum velocity of 24 km/h (15 mph). The impactor must be
able to launch the headform from inside the vehicle at the desired approach angle. At the time of launch, the
midsagittal plane of the headform is vertical and the headform upright. The headform shall travel freely
through the air, without rotation, along a velocity vector perpendicular to the headform’s skull cap plate, not
less than 25 mm (1 in) before making contact with the vehicle target. The free motion headform MUST travel
in free flight at least 25 mm (1 in) prior to impact. The forehead impact zone must contact the target circle at
the time of initial contact. A single test vehicle may be impacted multiple times subject to the following:

a. Impacts with 300 mm (12 in) of a prior impact may not occur less than 30 min apart.
b. No impacts may occur with 150 mm (6 in) of any other impact.
c. The distance between impacts is measured from the center of the target circles along the vehicle
interior surface.
d. Allow at least 3 h between successive impacts on the same headform.

6. Target Locations—It is recommended that targets be chosen on the following interior components;

a. Roof Side Rail

b. Front Header
c. Rear Header
d. Cab Roof
e. Dashboard or Instrument Panel
f. Steering Wheel Rim
g. Steering Wheel Hub
h. A - Pillar
i. B - Pillar
j. Upper Seat Belt Anchor for Torso Belt

-2-
 SAE J2424 Reaffirmed APR2003

7. Data Reduction—As the data is recalled for integration or plotting, the appropriate filter is applied. The filters
are in accordance with SAE J211-1 and SAE J211-2. Velocity and displacement data is plotted after
application of an SAE Class 180 filter. Before plotting, the event time must be determined from the event time
system. When a velocity or displacement trace is to be plotted, integration for the appropriate acceleration
signal is performed digitally.

7.1 Impact Speed—The impact speed will be determined by integrating the free motion headform x-axis
acceleration (acceleration perpendicular to headform’s skull cap plate).

7.2 Head Injury Criterion (HIC)—The HIC(d) is calculated in accordance with TP-201U-00, Section 2.

PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS CRASHWORTHINESS SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE

SAE TRUCK AND BUS BODY AND OCCUPANT ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE

-3-
 SAE J2424 Reaffirmed APR2003

Rationale—Not applicable.

Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.

Application—This SAE Recommended Practice describes the test procedures for conducting free motion
headform testing of heavy truck cab interior surfaces and components. A description of the test set-up,
instrumentation, impact configuration, target locations, and data reduction is included.

Reference Section

SAE J211-1—Instrumentation for Impact Test—Part 1: Electronic Instrumentation

SAE J211-2—Instrumentation for Impact Test—Part 2: Photographic Instrumentation

TP-201U-00—Laboratory Test Procedure for FMVSS 201—Occupant Protection in Interior Impact,

Upper Interior Head Impact Protection

SAE CRP-9—"Heavy Truck Crashworthiness (Testing and Analysis for Recommended Practice
Development", November 1996.

Developed by the SAE Truck and Bus Crashworthiness Subcommittee

Sponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Body and Occupant Environment Committee