K.O. Troubleshooting Guide v.3 0

Troubleshooting Guide December 2006 Version 3.0.
doc
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
DRUGS OF ABUSE
BY: Innovacon, Inc.

4106 Sorrento Valley Blvd.
San Diego, CA 92121
Confidential Page 1
Troubleshooting Guide December 2006 Version 3.0.doc
INTRODUCTION:
The purpose of this guide is to assist our partners in troubleshooting any foreseen or unforeseen events
that may occur while running Innovacon drugs of Abuse tests. All Innovacon drug of abuse panels are
rapid visual immunoassay for the qualitative detection of drug and drug metabolites in human urine. All
panels and all formats provide only a preliminary analytical test result. A more specific alternate
chemical method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result; Gas
Chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method, but the use of
Liquid Chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for confirmation testing is increasing. Clinical
consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug of abuse test result, particularly
when preliminary results are indicated.
In addition to the drugs of abuse assays, the One Step S.V.T. (Specimen Validity Test) is a semi-
quantitative color comparison screen for the detection of adulterants. Within one minute (1) of the pads
being activated by the urine sample, the color that appears on the pads can be compared with the
printed color chart on the canister or color chart enclosed in the kit box. The S.V.T. also provides a
preliminary screen only. A more specific alternate chemical method must be used in order to obtain a
confirmed analytical result. Abnormal results should be sent to a laboratory for confirmation.
Confidential Page 2
BACKGROUND:
Amphetamine(s)
Amphetamine is a stimulant drug that is used in treatment of ADHD, narcolepsy and obesity. Most
positive results originate from legitimate, prescription use of the drug. Illicitly, the drug is occasionally
diverted from legitimate prescriptions and sold on the streets.
Technical Notes
1. Common cross-reactants: Prescription appetite suppressants such as Phentermine, other
amphetamine-like prescription drugs; Ecstasy-like club drug called MDA (which is a metabolite
of MDMA). In addition, there are several therapeutic agents, such as Benzphetamine, that
metabolize to amphetamine (and methamphetamine) in the body and will produce positive drug
test results. It is also important to note that amphetamine is a metabolite of methamphetamine
and will appear in the urine of a person who has taken methamphetamine.
2. Current US SAMHSA “screening” cutoff is 1,000 ng/mL
3. Current GC/MS (industry standard) confirmation cutoff is 500 ng/mL.
4. Proposed changes in SAMHSA are:
a. To lower the screening cutoff to 500 ng/mL
b. Change target drug from D-amphetamine (historical) to D-methamphetamine
c. Change the GC/MS confirmation to 250 ng/mL
5. Outside the US, amphetamine screening cutoffs may be 300 ng/mL.
6. INNOVACON manufactures amphetamine assays with cutoff levels of 1,000 and 300 ng/mL.
Both assays are FDA cleared and target d-amphetamine as the primary antigen.
Confidential Page 3
Methamphetamine(s)
Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug that is very rarely prescribed, but there is a form
(stereoisomer) of methamphetamine that is used in the Over-the-Counter Vick’s Inhalers. Most
positives are the result of illegal use; the drug is made illegally from pseudoephedrine.
Technical Notes
1. About 4-7% of a methamphetamine dose is broken down to amphetamine by the body
2. Common cross-reactants: metabolites of Ephedrine, Ranitidine (Zantac), and MDMA. In
addition, there are several therapeutic agents, such as Benzphetamine, that metabolize to
methamphetamine (and amphetamine) in the body and will produce positive drug test results.
It is also important to note that amphetamine is a metabolite of methamphetamine and will
appear in the urine of a person who has taken methamphetamine.
3. Current US SAMHSA cutoff: grouped together with Amphetamine(s) is 1,000 ng/mL
4. Current GC/MS (SAMHSA) confirmation cutoff is 500 ng/mL; MUST ALSO HAVE AT LEAST
200 ng/mL of amphetamine in the urine to report a viable “methamphetamine” positive
5. Proposed changes in SAMHSA are:
z Change the screening cutoff to 500 ng/mL
z Change target drug from D-amphetamine (historical) to D-methamphetamine
z Change the GC/MS confirmation to 250 ng/mL; amphetamine must still be present in
the urine “around cutoff” to report a methamphetamine positive GC/MS result.
6. Innovacon manufactures methamphetamine assays with cutoff levels of 1,000, 500 and 300
ng/mL. The 500 and 1,000 ng/mL assays are FDA cleared; the 300 ng/mL assay is for outside
the US only. All three assays target d-methamphetamine as the primary antigen.
Confidential Page 4
Cocaine
Cocaine is a stimulant drug and local anesthetic drug that is derived from the coca plant; the drug is
rarely prescribed. Most drug test positives are from illegal use; “crack” is a “free-base” form of
cocaine that is more readily bio-available.
Technical Notes
1. Cocaine is extensively metabolized in the body to benzoylecgonine, ecognine methyl ester and
ecognine
2. Common cross-reactants: there are No KNOWN cross-reactive compounds with urine-based
cocaine immunoassays but the Innovacon Cocaine assay is considered very sensitive to low
levels of benzoylecgonine in urine.
3. Current US SAMHSA “screening” cutoff: 300 ng/mL
4. Current GC/MS (industry standard) confirmation cutoff: 150 ng/mL of benzoylecgonine
5. Proposed changes in SAMHSA are to lower the screening cutoff to 150 ng/mL
6. Proposed change to GC/MS confirmation level is to lower it to 100 ng/mL of benzoylecgonine
7. INNOVACON manufactures Cocaine assays with cutoff levels of 300 and 150 ng/mL. Both are
FDA cleared and target benzoylecgonine as the primary antigen.
Confidential Page 5
Opiates
Opiates are a large “class” of drugs used legally for pain-relief (morphine) and cough suppression
(codeine). Heroin (diacetylmorphine) is an illegal opiate made from the opium poppy. In addition to
the primary opiates, “synthetic opiates” are often used in pain relief. The original intent of creating
synthetic opiates was to increase pain relief tendencies and reduce likelihood of dependence;
synthetic opiates include hydrocodone (Vicodan), oxycodone (Oxycontin), hydromorphone
(Dilaudid). Most synthetic opiates do not cross react very well with morphine-based opiate tests.
Technical Notes
1. Common cross-reactants: Poppy seeds contain codeine/morphine and, as such, can cause a
“true positive” opiate test.
2. Current US SAMHSA “screening” cutoff: 2,000 ng/mL
3. Current GC/MS (industry standard) confirmation cutoff: 2,000 ng/mL for codeine and/or
morphine
4. Other cutoff: 300 ng/mL Opiate cutoff was the historical SAMHSA cutoff; still used on occasion
outside regulated drug testing (clinical, OUS)
5. Codeine and heroin metabolize to morphine in the body. Codeine is also eliminated
unchanged.
6. Innovacon manufactures Opiate assays with cutoff levels of 300 and 2,000 ng/mL. Both are
FDA cleared and target morphine as the primary antigen. In addition, INNOVACON has an
oxycodone-specific assay which is described in more detail later in this guide.
Confidential Page 6
PCP
Phencyclidine (PCP) is a hallucinogen drug originally made for anesthetic use in humans. It’s use
in humans was discontinued due to “negative side effects.” There is no current legal use of the
drug in humans. The use of PCP illegally is rarer now than before, but is sometimes seen in large,
metropolitan areas such as LA and Detroit.
Technical Notes
1. PCP is liquid; marijuana joints are sometimes dipped into PCP (“sherm”)
2. Common cross-reactants: Venlafaxine (Effexor), Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
3. Current SAMHSA “screening” cutoff: 25 ng/mL
4. Current GC/MS (industry standard) confirmation cutoff: 25 ng/mL
5. Innovacon manufactures a PCP assay with a cutoff level of 25 ng/mL.
Confidential Page 7
Marijuana (THC)
THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is a hallucinogenic, sedative drug considered the primary active
compound of the 400+ chemicals in the cannabis sativa plant. While there is some legal use of
THC, such as the prescription Marinol (Dronabinol) used for wasting in cancer/HIV patients, most
THC drug test positives are the result of illicit use. Marijuana is the number 1 illegal drug in the US
Technical Notes
1. THC breaks down extensively in the body; most common metabolite is THC-COOH. This
metabolite is also referred to as “carboxy-THC” or “THCA.”
2. Common cross-reactants: the consumption of Sustiva (efavirenz), an HIV treatment drug, is
known to produce metabolites that cross-react on many THC assays. Also, the INNOVACON
test is considered “very sensitive” to low levels in urine
3. Current US SAMHSA “screening” cutoff: 50 ng/mL
4. Current GC/MS (industry standard) confirmation cutoff: 15 ng/mL of THC-COOH
5. No proposed changes to cutoffs in SAMHSA
6. Innovacon manufactures a THC assay with a cutoff level of 50 ng/mL for THC-COOH.
Confidential Page 8
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are a large “class” of drugs used primarily for sedation and anxiety relief. Examples
of Benzodiazepines include diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), alprazolam (Xanax), and
clonazepam (Klonopin). Most benzodiazepine use in the US is due to prescription use, but some
benzodiazepines are diverted for illegal consumption. Outside the US, particularly in Europe,
benzodiazepines are more widely abused.
Technical Notes
1. Common cross-reactants: Sertraline (Zoloft). Of note, given the large number of
benzodiazepine drugs (35+), be aware that GC/MS labs will not be able confirm for all of them.
2. NOT A SAMHSA-regulated drug, so cutoffs are usually country specific
3. Common US “screening” cutoff: 300 ng/mL
4. Some products/countries use 200 ng/mL screening cutoff
5. GC/MS confirmation cutoffs vary but usually range from 100-200 ng/mL
6. Again, GC/MS labs are limited by the number of benzodiazepines they identify on their GC/MS
analyses
7. Innovacon manufactures BZO assays with cutoff levels of 300 and 200 ng/mL; both target
oxazepam as the primary antigen.
Confidential Page 9
Barbiturates
Barbiturates are another large “class” of drugs. They are used primarily for controlling epilepsy; some
use for migraine relief (butalbital) and drug-induced comas for head trauma (pentobarbital). Examples
of Barbiturates include phenobarbital, pentobarbital (used for head trauma) and butalbital (Fiorinal).
Most barbiturate positive drug tests are due to prescription use; barbiturates are rarely diverted for
illegal consumption. Some countries have heroin “cut” with phenobarbital.
Technical Notes
1. Common cross-reactants: Possibly Phenytoin which is chemically-related to barbiturates and
used for epilepsy
2. NOT A SAMHSA-regulated drug
4. GC/MS confirmation cutoffs vary but usually range from 100-200 ng/mL
5. GC/MS labs are limited by the number of barbiturates they identify on their GC/MS analyses
6. Innovacon manufactures a barbiturate assay with a cutoff level of 300 ng/mL; the target antigen
is secobarbital
Confidential Page 10
Methadone
Methadone is an analgesic compound that is most commonly used to treat heroin/opiate addiction. In
addition, the drug may be prescribed for pain relief. Patients prescribed methadone for opiate addiction
are considered to be in “methadone maintenance.” Patients in methadone maintenance are drug tested
commonly to ensure they are (1) taking their methadone and (2) not taking heroin/opiates or other
drugs.
Technical Notes
1. Methadone is eliminated in the urine as parent drug and as metabolites. The metabolites
EDDP and EDMP are VERY different in structure from parent methadone, so they do not react
with the drug test.
2. NOT A SAMHSA-regulated drug
4. GC/MS confirmation cutoffs: 300 ng/mL
5. Most screening tests do not detect MTD metabolites (EDDP or EDMP). If a patient is an
“extensive metabolizer,” they may not have any parent MTD in the urine
6. Innovacon manufactures a methadone assay with a cutoff level of 300 ng/mL.
Tricyclic Antidepressants
TCAs are a “class” of drugs used for treating depression. TCAs are the “older” antidepressants.
Examples of TCAs include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, desipramine and clomipramine. New
antidepressant drugs like Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft are NOT TCAs and, as such, will not cross react on the
TCA assay.
Technical Notes
1. TCAs have a very low “lethal dose.” Since patients taking TCAs have a higher likelihood of
suicidal tendencies, TCAs are often implicated in overdose situations.
2. Common cross-reactants: large doses of carbamazepine (Tegretol) metabolites, other
prescription drugs may also cross react
3. NOT A SAMHSA-regulated drug class
4. Common US “screening” cutoff: 1,000 ng/mL
5. Other “screening” cutoff: 300 ng/mL
6. TCAs cannot be analyzed by GC/MS very well, so they are often “confirmed” by HPLC or
another method
7. Innovacon manufactures a TCA assay with a cutoff level of 1,000 ng/mL
Oxycodone
Oxycodone is a member of the “synthetic” opiate class. The drug is used for pain relief (most
commonly for chronic pain); oxycodone prescriptions are often diverted and sold on the street for illegal
use. Brand names of oxycodone include: Percodan, Percocet and Oxycontin. Oxycontin is a “time
released” formula of oxycodone. Overdoses are most often the result of people crushing the time-
released Oxycontin pills and consuming the crushed powder in one dose.
Technical Notes
1. The structure of oxycodone is not close enough to codeine or morphine to ensure the drug is
detected by regular Opiate immunoassays
2. Not part of the SAMHSA Opiate Class
3. Screening cutoff: 100 ng/mL
4. GC/MS Confirmation cutoff: 100 ng/mL
5. Most laboratories will not automatically confirm for oxycodone if a specimen is “opiate positive.”
Oxycodone-specific confirmation must be requested.
6. Innovacon manufactures an oxycodone-specific assay with a cutoff level of 100 ng/mL. The
OXY assay also shows some cross reactivity to hydrocodone (Vicodan, Lortab); 1,562 ng/mL of
hydrocodone produces a positive OXY test result.
Propoxyphene
Propoxyphene is a narcotic analgesic structurally related to Methadone; the drug is used for the relief of
mild to moderate pain. Brand names of propoxyphene include: Darvon and Darvocet. Propoxyphene is
often dosed in combination with Aspirin and Acetaminophen.
Technical Notes
1. Although structurally related to methadone, ppx will not cross react on the INNOVACON
Opiates or Methadone assays.
2. PPX is not part of the SAMHSA-regulated drug testing menu
3. US Screening cutoff: 300 ng/mL
4. GC/MS Confirmation cutoff: 300 ng/mL for PPX or metabolite, Nor-PPX
5. Most laboratories will not automatically confirm for Propoxyphene. Propoxyphene-specific
confirmation must be requested.
6. Innovacon manufactures a propoxyphene-specific assay with a cutoff level of 300 ng/mL. The
assay has an equal affinity to the metabolite nor-propoxyphene.
MDMA/Ecstasy
Ecstasy (MDMA) is a stimulant and hallucinogen structurally related to Methamphetamine; the drug was
once used for psychotherapy, but is now a Schedule 1 drug in the US (no approved medical use). The
chemical name for Ecstasy is 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, hence the “MDMA” abbreviation.
MDMA metabolizes to many compounds, but the most notable one is MDA
(methylenedioxyamphetamine) which is chemically related to amphetamine.
Technical Notes
1. The structure of MDMA is similar enough to cross-react on the MAMP assays, but the
sensitivity (cutoff) isn’t ideal. As a result, the MDMA-specific assay was developed. The
MDMA assay is reactive to Ecstasy/MDMA at level of 500 ng/mL. This assay is also sensitive
to MDA and MDEA (methylenedioxyethylamphetamine).
2. Not part of current SAMHSA guidelines
3. Screening cutoff: 500 ng/mL
4. Confirmation cutoff: varies, but 250-500 ng/mL is typical
5. Proposed changes in SAMHSA are to add MDMA as a component of the
“Amphetamine/Methamphetamine” drug class.
6. Innovacon manufactures an MDMA-specific assay with a cutoff level of 500 ng/mL. The
MDMA-specific assay is also sensitive to MDA and MDEA (methylenedioxyethylamphetamine).
Definitions:
FALSE POSITIVES:
False positives are defined by a human urine specimen yielding positive results with an Innovacon drug
of abuse test, then testing negative on a LOD (Limit of Detection) gas chromatography/ mass
spectrometry test. A false positive result in any Immunoassay is most likely cause by cross-reactivity.
The collector needs to verify that the donor has given an accurate list of any medication, prescription
and/or over-the-counter. Please review with cross-reactivity table enclosed in this guide.
FALSE NEGATIVES:
False negatives are defined by a human urine specimen yielding negative results with an Innovacon
drug of abuse test, then testing positive on a gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry test at levels at
least 2 times the stated cut-off level.
INVALID RESULTS:
Invalid results are defined by an absence of a control line on an Innovacon drug of abuse test.
Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques are the most likely reasons for control
line failure.
SCREENING TESTS:
All Innovacon drug of abuse tests are screening tests that provide only a preliminary analytical test
result. The purpose of a screening test is to rule out negative specimens from specimens that may
contain drugs. As with most immunoassays the test is looking for class of drug, many different
chemicals and compounds fall into this category. Not all specimens that have screened positive will
confirm positive.
CONFIRMATION TESTING:
All preliminary positive immunoassay results should be confirmed by a more specific alternative
method. In drugs of abuse testing the gold standard of confirmation is Gas Chromatography/mass
spectrometry (GC/MS) and/or Liquid Chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). GC/MS and/or
LC/MS testing is performed on any specimen that screens positive it will confirm a specific analyte in
the class of drug such as Benzoylecgonine when a specimen screens positive for Cocaine. Liquid
Chromatography/mass spectrometry is a fairly new confirmation method in drugs of abuse testing, it is
believed that it will become prevalent in the field.
SAMHSA:
SAMHSA is an acronym for Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration which is the
governing agency that establishes the cutoff concentrations used in regulated drug testing in the United
States. SAMHSA was formally known as NIDA (National Institute for Drug Abuse) hence the term of
the NIDA 5 drug panel. Regulated drug testing in the United States is limited to testing for 5 drugs
(Cocaine, THC, PCP, Opiates, Amp/Methamp).
ADULTERATION TESTING/ SPECIMEN VALIDITY TESTING:

Adulteration is the tampering of a urine specimen with the intention of altering the test results. The use
of adulterants can cause false negative results in drug tests by either interfering with the screening test
or destroying the drugs present in the urine. Diluting, flushing or adding adulterants to the sample after
collection are ways that users of illicit drugs have attempted to defeat drug tests and invalidate the
testing procedures. Diluting samples or adding household chemical such as detergents, bleach and
soaps are some of the creative ploys that abusers have used to mask positive samples. Specimen
tampering is very common in the United States and is expected to continue to grow in other areas of
the world that use drug tests. There are many different types of adulterants; some are made to affect
the test, others are made to affect the drug.
CREATININE (DILUTION):
Dilution is the most common type of adulteration. Dilution can be either “in vivo” (consuming excessive
quantities of fluids in an attempt to dilute the urine) or “in vitro” (introducing liquid into a specimen that
has already been collected). The intention of dilution is to make the concentration of drug in the urine
lower then the detection limit (cutoff) of the test. Creatinine testing in conjunction with specific gravity
testing is a good indication of dilution of the urine sample. The absence of Creatinine (<5 mg/dl) is
indicative of a specimen not consistent with human urine.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY:
Specific gravity tests for sample dilution. Values outside the normal range may be the result of
specimen dilution or adulteration.
pH:
pH tests for the presence of acidic or alkaline adulterants in urine. Values outside the normal range
may indicate that the specimen has been altered or spiked with acidic or alkaline compounds.
NITRITE:
Nitrite is a compound that is introduced into a urine specimen after collection. Nitrite works by oxidizing
the major cannabinoid (THC-COOH) metabolite and making it undetectable. While this mechanism
does work, the time needed for the reaction to occur is usually several hours. This means that after
collection of the urine the rapid test maybe positive and when the sample is tested at the laboratory the
nitrate will have modified the THC metabolite making it undetectable. Some commonly used
commercial adulterants that contain nitrates are “Klear, Whizzes, Mary Jane 13”. Nitrites are
sometimes found in people with urinary tract or bacterial infections.
GLUTARALDEHYDE:
Glutaraldehyde is an older adulterant that is introduced into the urine specimen after collection. It is not
believed to affect the performance of lateral flow tests. Glutaraldehyde denatures the enzyme used in
EMIT-like autoanalyzer reagents. Adulterants such as UrinAid and Clear Choice contain
glutaraldehyde. Glutaraldehyde is not normally found in urine. However certain metabolic
abnormalities such as ketoacidosis (fasting, uncontrolled diabetes, high-protein diets) may interfere with
the test results.
OXIDANTS/PYRIDINIUM CHLOROCHROMATE (PCC):

Like nitrite, oxidants and PCC are introduced into a specimen after collection and are primarily meant to
alter the structure of THC-COOH. Some commonly used oxidants are bleach, hydrogen peroxide and
Urine Luck. Normal human urine should not contain oxidants or PCC. The presence of high levels of
antioxidants in the specimen, such as ascorbic acid, may result in false negative results.
CROSS-REACTIVITY GUIDE:
Innovacon™ Drugs of Abuse Assays Cross-Reactivity Manual by Trade Name
COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Aceta Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Acephen Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Apacet Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Dapacen Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Feverall Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Tylenol Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Excedrin (combination) Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Panadol Non-reactive
Acetaminophen (See also Paracetamol) Tempra Non-reactive
Acetaminophen with Codeine (see also
Paracetamol with codeine) Tylenol 3 Positive for Opiates (OPI, MOR)
Acetaminophen with Codeine (see also
Paracetamol with codeine) Tylenol with codeine Positive for Opiates (OPI, MOR)
Acetophenetidin Phenacetin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Aspirin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Anadin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Anasin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Bufferin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Caprin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Disprin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Ecotrin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Empirin Non-reactive
Acetylsalicyclic acid Excedrin (combination) Non-reactive
Allobarbital No known trade names Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Alphenol No known trade names Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Alprazolam Xanax Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate Drichlor Non-reactive
Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate Anhydrol Forte Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Alu-Cap Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Alisone Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Gastrocote Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Kolanticon Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Maalox Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Maalox TC Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Mucogel Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Pyrogastrone Non-reactive
Aluminum Hydroxide Topal Non-reactive
Alverine Citrate Spasmonal Non-reactive
Alverine Citrate Spasmonal Fibre Non-reactive
Aminopyrine Non-reactive
Amitriptyline Elavil Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Amitriptyline Lentizol Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Amitriptyline Tryptizol Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Amitriptyline Triptafen Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)

Amitriptyline Triptafen-M Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Ammonia/Ipeacuanha Ipecac Non-reactive
Amobarbital Amytal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Amobarbital Tuinal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Amoxicillin or Amoxycillin Amoxil Non-reactive
Amoxicillin or Amoxycillin Amoram Non-reactive
Amoxicillin or Amoxycillin Augmentin Non-reactive
Amoxicillin or Amoxycillin Heliclear Non-reactive
Ampicillin Penbritin Non-reactive
Ampicillin Polycillin Non-reactive
Ampicillin Principen Non-reactive
Antazoline Sulphate Otrivine-Anistin Non-reactive
Aprobarbital Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Aspirin Bayer Aspirin Non-reactive
Aspirin Excedrin Non-reactive
Aspirin ASA Non-reactive
Aspirin Angettes Non-reactive
Aspirin Asasantin Non-reactive
Aspirin Caprin Non-reactive
Atenolol Beta-adlat Non-reactive
Atenolol Co-tenidone Non-reactive
Atenolol Kalten Non-reactive
Atenolol Tenben Non-reactive
Atenolol Tenif Non-reactive
Atenolol Tenoret 50 Non-reactive
Atenolol Tenorectic Non-reactive
Atenolol Tenormin Non-reactive
Atorvastatin Lipitor Non-reactive
Azlocillin Securopen Non-reactive
Barbital Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Beclometasone AeroBec Non-reactive
Beclometasone AeroBec Forte Non-reactive
Beclometasone Asmabec Non-reactive
Beclometasone Beclazone Non-reactive
Beclometasone Becloforte Non-reactive
Beclometasone Becodisks Non-reactive
Beclometasone Beconase Non-reactive
Beclometasone Becotide Non-reactive
Beclometasone Fillair Non-reactive
Beclometasone Nasobec Non-reactive
Beclometasone Qvar Non-reactive
Beclometasone Ventide Non-reactive
Beclometasone Zonivent Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Aprinox Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Cogaretic Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Indertic Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Inderex Non-reactive

Bendrofluazide Neo-Naclax Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Neo-Naclax-K Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Prestim Non-reactive
Bendrofluazide Tenben Non-reactive
Benzalknonium Bradosol Non-reactive
Benzydamine Difflam Non-reactive
Benzylpenicillin Crystapen Non-reactive
Bromazepam Lexotan Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Bromopheniramine Dimetapp Non-reactive
Bromopheniramine Dimotapp Non-reactive
Bromopheniramine Dimotane Non-reactive
Buprenorphine Subutex Positive for Buprenorphine (BUP)
Buprenorphine Temgesic Positive for Buprenorphine (BUP)
Buprenorphine Suboxone Positive for Buprenorphine (BUP)
Buproprion Wellbutrin Non-reactive
Buproprion Zyban Non-reactive
Butabarbital Butisol Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Butabarbital Soneryl Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Butalbital Fioricet Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Butalbital Fiorinal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Butethal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Canestan Canestan ear/skin/vaginitis/HC Non-reactive
Carbamazepine Tegretol Non-reactive
Carbamazepine Teril Non-reactive
Carbamazepine Timonil Non-reactive
Cephalexin Ceporex Non-reactive
Cephalexin Keflex Non-reactive
Chloral Hydrate Welldorm Non-reactive
Chlorazepate Tranxene Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Chlordiazepoxide Librium Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Bactrigras Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Cordsodyl Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Chlorohex Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate CX Powder Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Dermol Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Hibicet Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Hibiscrub Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Hibisol Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Hibitane Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Instillagel Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Naseptin Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Nystaform Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Serotulle Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Steripod Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Tisept Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Unisept Non-reactive
Chlorhexidine Gluconate Uriflex Non-reactive

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Uro-Trainer Non-reactive
Chlorpheniramine Maleate Galpseud Non-reactive
Chlorpheniramine Maleate Haymine Non-reactive
Chlorpheniramine Maleate Piriton Non-reactive
Chlorpromazine Largactil Non-reactive
Cimetidine Dyspamet Non-reactive
Cimetidine Tagamet Non-reactive
Cimetidine Zita Non-reactive
Clobazam Frisium Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Clonazepam Clonopin Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Clonazepam Klonopin Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Clonazepam Rivotril Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Citalopram Cipramil Non-reactive
Co-Amoxiclav Augmentin Non-reactive
Co-Amoxiclav Augmentin Duo Non-reactive
Codeine Phosphate Codafen Continus Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Codeine Linctus Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Pediatric BP Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Galcodine Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Kapake Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Migraleve Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Solpadol Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Codeine Phosphate Tylex Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Co-Fluampicil Magnapen Non-reactive
Co-Phenotrope (atropine/diphenoxylate) Lomotil Non-reactive
Co-Phenotrope (atropine/diphenoxylate) Trepergen Non-reactive
Delorazepam Briantum Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Dexamethasone Decadron Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Dexa-Rhinaspray Duo Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Maxidex Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Maxidrol Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Minims Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Otomize Non-reactive
Dexamethasone Sofradex Non-reactive
Dexamphetamine Sulphate Adderall Positive for Amphetamine (AMP)
Dexamphetamine Sulphate Adderall XR Positive for Amphetamine (AMP)
Dexamphetamine Sulphate Dexedrine Positive for Amphetamine (AMP)
Dextropropoxyphene Darvon Positive for Propoxyphene (PPX)
Dextropropoxyphene Darvocet Positive for Propoxyphene (PPX)
Dextropropoxyphene Co-proximal Positive for Propoxyphene (PPX)
Diazepam Diazemuls Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Diazepam Stesolid Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Diazepam Valclair Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Diazepam Valium Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Diclofenac Sodium Dicloflex Non-reactive
Diclofenac Sodium Diclomax Non-reactive
Diclofenac Sodium Motifene Non-reactive

Diclofenac Sodium Volraman Non-reactive
Diclofenac Sodium Volsaid Non-reactive
Diclofenac Sodium Voltarol Non-reactive
Dicyclomine Kolanticon Non-reactive
Dicyclomine Merbentyl Non-reactive
Dihydrocodeine DHC Continus Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Dihydrocodeine Paramol Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Dihydrocodeine Remedeine Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Dihydrocodeine Remedeine Forte Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Dimethicone Asilone Non-reactive
Dimethicone Fancorsil Non-reactive
Diphenhydramine Benadryl Non-reactive
Diphenhydramine Medinex Non-reactive
Diphenhydramine Nytol Non-reactive
Diphenhydramine Panadol Night Non-reactive
Dipenoxylate with Atropine Lomotil Non-reactive
Dothiepin Prothiaden Non-reactive
Doxycycline Vibramycin Non-reactive
Doxycycline Vibramycin-D Non-reactive
Doxepin Sinequan Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Doxepin Xepin Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Doxylamine Nyquil Positive for Methadone (MTD)
Sustiva Positive for Cannabinoids (THC) [Urinary
Efavirenz metabolite(s) only; parent compound is non-
reactive]
Erythromycin Arpimycin Non-reactive
Erythromycin Benzymycin Non-reactive
Erythromycin Erycane Non-reactive
Erythromycin Erymax Non-reactive
Erythromycin Erythrocin Non-reactive
Erythromycin Erythroped Non-reactive
Erythromycin Ilosone Non-reactive
Erythromycin Isotrexin Non-reactive
Erythromycin Lactobinate Non-reactive
Erythromycin Stiemycin Non-reactive
Erythromycin Tiloryth Non-reactive
Erythromycin Zineryl Non-reactive
Estazolam ProSom Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Ethambutol Myambutol Non-reactive
Ethylmorphine Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Flucloxacillin Co-fluampicil Non-reactive
Flucloxacillin Floxapen Non-reactive
Flucloxacillin Magnapen Non-reactive
Flunitrazepam Rohypnol Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Fluoxetine Prozac Non-reactive
Fluoxetine Sarafem Non-reactive
Flupentixol Decanoate Depixol Non-reactive
Flupentixol Decanoate Fluanxol Non-reactive

Fusidic Acid (Sodium Fusidate) Fucithalmic Non-reactive
Fusidic Acid (Sodium Fusidate) Fucibet Non-reactive
Fusidic Acid (Sodium Fusidate) Fucidin Non-reactive
Gentamicin Sulphate Cidomycin Non-reactive
Gentamicin Sulphate Genticin Non-reactive
Gentamicin Sulphate Gentisone Non-reactive
Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR) and/or
Hydrocodone Lorcet Oxycodone (OXY)
Hydrocodone Loratab Oxycodone (OXY)
Hydrocodone Vicodin Oxycodone (OXY)
Hydrocortisone Actinac Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Alphaderm Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Alphosyl-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Anugesic-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Anusol-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Calmurid-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Canesten-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Colioam Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Daktacort Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Dioderm Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Econacort Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Efortelan Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Efcortesel Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Eurax-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Gregoderm Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Hydrocortistab Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Hydrocortone Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Mildison lipocream Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Neo-cortef Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Nystaform Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Perinal Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Proctofoam Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Quinocort Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Terra-cortil Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Timodine Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Uniroid-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Vioform-HC Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone Xyloproct Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone-17-butyrate Locoid Non-reactive
Hydrocortisone-17-butyrate Locoid C Non-reactive
Hydromorphone Dilaudid Oxycodone (OXY)
Hydromorphone Hydrostat Oxycodone (OXY)
Hydroxychloroquine Plaquenil Non-reactive
Hydroxyzine Atarax Non-reactive
Hydroxyzine Ucerax Non-reactive

Hyoscine butylbromide Busocopan Non-reactive
Hyoscine butylbromide Scopoderm Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Brufen Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Codafen Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Fenbid Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Ibugel Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Ibuspray Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Motrin Non-reactive
Ibuprofen Proflex Non-reactive
Indomethacin Flexin continus Non-reactive
Indomethacin Indocid Non-reactive
Indomethacin Indomod Non-reactive
Interferon Alfa Roferon-A Non-reactive
Interferon Alfa Intron A Non-reactive
Interferon Alfa Viraferon Non-reactive
Interferon Alfa Wellferon Non-reactive
Isoniazide INH Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Angitak Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Cedocard Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Isocard Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Isoket Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Isordil Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Sorbichew Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Sorbitrate Non-reactive
Isosorbide Dinitrate Sorbid SA Non-reactive
Koalin and Morphine Mixture Diocalm Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Koalin and Morphine Mixture Entersan Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Koalin and Morphine Mixture Opazimes Positive for Opiates (OPI/MOR)
Ketoprofen Orudis Non-reactive
Ketoprofen Oruvail Non-reactive
Ketoprofen Powergel Non-reactive
Lactulose Lactugal Non-reactive
Lactulose Duphalec Non-reactive
Lamotrigine Lamitcal Positive for Phencyclidine (PCP)
Lansoprazole Heliclear Non-reactive
Lansoprazole Zoton Non-reactive
Lisinopril Carace Non-reactive
Lisinopril Zestril Non-reactive
Lisinopril Zestoretic Non-reactive
Lofepramine Gamanil Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Lofepramine Lomont Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Lofexidine Britoflex Non-reactive
Loperamide Imodium Non-reactive
Loperamide Loperagen Non-reactive
Loperamide Norimide Non-reactive
Loratadine Claritin Non-reactive
Lorazepam Ativan Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)

Lormetazepam Noctamide Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Magnesium Alginate Gaviscon Non-reactive
Mannitol Gaviscon Non-reactive
Medazepam Anxitol Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Medazepam Lerisum Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Medazepam Medacepan Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Medazepam Nobritol Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Medazepam Nobrium Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Mefenamic Acid Ponstan Non-reactive
Mefenamic Acid Ponstel Non-reactive
Meperidine Demerol Non-reactive
Meperidine Pethidine Non-reactive
Metoclopramide Reglan Non-reactive
Methadone Hydrochloride Dolophine Positive for Methadone (MTD)
Methadone Hydrochloride Methadose Positive for Methadone (MTD)
Methadone Hydrochloride Physetone Positive for Methadone (MTD)
d-Methamphetamine HCL Desoxyn Positive for Methamphetamine (mAMP)
d-Methamphetamine HCL Methedrine Positive for Methamphetamine (mAMP)
d-Methamphetamine HCL Methamprex Positive for Methamphetamine (mAMP)
l-Methamphetamine HCL Vick's Inhaler Positive for Methamphetamine (mAMP)
Positive for Amphetamine (AMP) and Ecstasy
Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) Eve (slang) (MDMA)
Positive for Amphetamine (AMP) and Ecstasy
Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) Love Drug (slang) (MDMA)
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Positive for Methamphetamine (mAMP) and
(MDMA) Ecstasy (slang) Ecstasy (MDMA)
(MDMA) XTC (slang) Ecstasy (MDMA)
(MDMA) Adam (slang) Ecstasy (MDMA)
(MDMA) E (slang) Ecstasy (MDMA)
Metronidazole Anabact Non-reactive
Metronidazole Elyzol Non-reactive
Metronidazole Flagyl Non-reactive
Metronidazole Metrogel Non-reactive
Metronidazole Metrolyl Non-reactive
Metronidazole Metrotop Non-reactive
Metronidazole Neuratop Non-reactive
Metronidazole Noritate Non-reactive
Metronidazole Rozex Non-reactive
Metronidazole Zidoval Non-reactive
Metronidazole Zymoet Non-reactive
Morphine Astramorph Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Cyclimorph Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Duramorph Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Morcap Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Morphine Sulfate Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine MS Contin Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Oramorph Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)

Morphine Roxanol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Morphine Severedol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Nadolol Corgard Non-reactive
Nadolol Corgaretic Non-reactive
Nadolol Corgartic Non-reactive
Naloxone Narcan Non-reactive
Naltrexone Antaxone Non-reactive
Naltrexone Nalorex Non-reactive
Naltrexone Trexan Non-reactive
Naproxen Aleve Non-reactive
Naproxen Condrotec Non-reactive
Naproxen Napratec Non-reactive
Naproxen Naprosen Non-reactive
Naproxen Naprosyn Non-reactive
Naproxen Nycopren Non-reactive
Naproxen Synflex Non-reactive
Nicotine Nicoderm Non-reactive
Nicotine Nicorette Non-reactive
Nicotine Nicotinell Non-reactive
Nicotine Nicotrol Non-reactive
Nicotine Niquitin Non-reactive
Nifedipine Adalat Non-reactive
Nifedipine Nifecard Non-reactive
Nifedipine Nifar Non-reactive
Nifedipine Nif-ten Non-reactive
Nifedipine Procardia Non-reactive
Nitrazepam Mogadon Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Nitrazepam Somnite Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Norethindrone BiNovum Non-reactive
Norethindrone Brevinor Non-reactive
Norethindrone Climagest Non-reactive
Norethindrone Climesse Non-reactive
Norethindrone Elleste Duet Non-reactive
Norethindrone Estracombi Non-reactive
Norethindrone Evorel Non-reactive
Norethindrone Kliofem Non-reactive
Norethindrone Kliovance Non-reactive
Norethindrone Loestrin Non-reactive
Norethindrone Micronor Non-reactive
Norethindrone Norlutin Non-reactive
Norethindrone Noriday Non-reactive
Norethindrone Norimin Non-reactive
Norethindrone Norinyl Non-reactive
Norethindrone Noristat Non-reactive
Norethindrone Nuvelle Non-reactive
Norethindrone Ovysmen Non-reactive
Norethindrone TriNovum Non-reactive

Norethindrone Trisquens Non-reactive
Norethindrone Utovian Non-reactive
Noscapine Narcotine Non-reactive
d/l-Octopamine No known trade names Non-reactive
Olanzapine Zyprexa Non-reactive
Orphenadrine Norflex Non-reactive
Orphenadrine Norgesic Non-reactive
Orphenadrine Disipil Non-reactive
Oxazepam Serax Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Oxazepam Ox-pam Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Oxymetazoline Afrin Non-reactive
Oxymetazoline Neo-synephrine Non-reactive
Oxytetracycline Terra-Cortil Non-reactive
Oxytetracycline Terramycin Non-reactive
Oxytetracycline Trimovate Non-reactive
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Fortagesic Non-reactive
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Paradote Non-reactive
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) /Codeine
Preparations Tylenol 3 Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Co-codamol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Codafen Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Co-dydramol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Kapake Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Remedine Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Solpadol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Preparations Tylex Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Paroxetine Paxil Non-reactive
Paroxetine Seroxat Non-reactive
Penicillin Combicillin Non-reactive
Penicillin Mefoxin Non-reactive
Pentobarbital Nembutal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Pericyazine Amplan Non-reactive
Pericyazine Aolept Non-reactive
Pericyazine Apamin Non-reactive
Pericyazine Iryakin Non-reactive
Pericyazine Nemactil Non-reactive
Pericyazine Neulactil Non-reactive
Pericyazine Propetyl Non-reactive
Pericyazine Psycholept Non-reactive
Phenobarbitone (see also Phenobarbital) Luminal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Possible Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Urinary metabolite(s) only; parent compound is
Phenytoin Dilantin non-reactive

Phenytoin Epanutin non-reactive
Phenytoin Epitard non-reactive
Phenobarbital Donnatal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Pholcodine Galenphol Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Pholcodine Strong BP Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Pholcodine Pavacol-D Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Pholcodine Thebacon Positive for Opiates (MOR, OPI)
Piperacillin Pipracil Non-reactive
Piperacillin Tazobactam Non-reactive
Prazepam Centrax Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Prazepam Demetrin Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Prednisolone Delta-cortef Non-reactive
Prednisolone Econopred Non-reactive
Prednisolone Inflamase Non-reactive
Prednisolone Pediapred Non-reactive
Prednisolone Prelone Non-reactive
Procaine Novocain Positive for Opiates (OPI, MOP)
Progesterol Non-reactive
Promethazine Allerfen Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Anergan Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Antinaus Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Aprobit Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Avomine Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Baymethzine Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Diprozin Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Fenergan Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Methazine Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Promethazine Phenergen Positive for Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Propranolol Beta-Progane Non-reactive
Propranolol Inderal Non-reactive
Propranolol Inderetic Non-reactive
Propranolol Inderex Non-reactive
Pseudoephedrine Afrinol Non-reactive
Pseudoephedrine Sudafed Non-reactive
Pseudoephedrine Tylenol Cold (combination) Non-reactive
Pylorid, Zantac Positive for Methamphetamine (M-AMP)
Ranitidine Urinary metabolite(s) only; parent compound is
non-reactive
Salbutamol Aerocrom Non-reactive
Salbutamol Aerolin Non-reactive
Salbutamol Airomir Non-reactive
Salbutamol Asmasal Non-reactive
Salbutamol Combivent Non-reactive
Salbutamol Duovent Non-reactive
Salbutamol Ventide Non-reactive

Salbutamol Ventodisks Non-reactive
Salbutamol Venotlin Non-reactive
Salbutamol Volmax Non-reactive
Secobarbital Seconal Positive for Barbiturates (BAR)
Sennosides Senokot Non-reactive
Sertraline Zoloft Potential Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Sodium Valproate Depakene Non-reactive
Sodium Valproate Depakote Non-reactive
Sodium Valproate Epilim Non-reactive
Temazepam Restoril Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Testosterone Andropatch Non-reactive
Testosterone Restandol Non-reactive
Testosterone Sustanon Non-reactive
Testosterone Virormone Non-reactive
Testosterone slang name "anabolic steroids" Non-reactive
Thioridazine Mellaril Non-reactive
Thyroxine Sodium Eltroxin Non-reactive
Tramadol Ultram Non-reactive
Tramadol Tramake Non-reactive
Tramadol Zamadol Non-reactive
Tramadol Zydol Non-reactive
Trazodone Desyrel Non-reactive
Trazodone Molipaxin Non-reactive
Trazodone Trialodine Non-reactive
Triazolam Halcion Positive for Benzodiazepines (BZO)
Venlafaxine Effexor Potential Positive for Phencyclidine (PCP)
Venlafaxine Effexor XL Potential Positive for Phencyclidine (PCP)
Warfarin Sodium Coumadin Non-reactive
Warfarin Sodium Marevan Non-reactive
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
1. SPECIMEN
Q: How can specimens be stored prior to testing?
A: Urine specimens may be stored at 2-8°C for up to 48 hours prior to testing. For
prolonged storage, specimens may be frozen and stored below -20°C. Frozen
specimens should be thawed and mixed well before testing. For specimen undergoing
Specimen Validity testing, for best results test specimens immediately. Storage of
urine specimens should not exceed 2 hours at room temperature or 4 hours
refrigerated.
Q: How should urine specimens be collected?

A: The urine specimen must be collected in a clean and dry container. Urine collected at
any time of the day may be used. Urine specimens exhibiting visible precipitates should
be centrifuged, filtered, or allowed to settle to obtain a clear specimen for testing.
Q: Will menstrual blood have any effect on the test?

A: No, menstrual blood should not affect the test. Urine specimens exhibiting visible
precipitates should be centrifuged, filtered, or allowed to settle to obtain a clear
specimen for testing.
2. TEST PROCEDURE
Q: Q: How does the test work?
A: The test is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of
an identified drug or the identified drug metabolites in human urine. The S.V.T. test is a
semi-quantitative color comparison screen for the detection of adulterants.
Q: If the test is used before the refrigerated specimen reaches room temperature, is
the result reliable?
A: No. If refrigerated, the test and the specimen must be at room temperature (15-30°C)
before the test is performed. Specimen at body temperature does not need to reach
room temperature before running the test.
Q: What factors could cause the test to be invalid?

A: Improper testing procedure, unsealed packaging, damaged membrane and unsuitable
specimens could cause the test to be invalid.
Q: If the test strip was removed from the foil pouch and dropped on the floor prior
to using it, will it still work?
A: If the test is intact and the exposed membrane in the “reaction window” was not
damaged, it can still be used and expected to function properly.
Q: How many tests is it possible to run at a time?

A: It depends on the proficiency of the user. However, even in experienced hands, we do
not recommend running more than 10 tests at a time.
3. INTERPRETATION
Q: Do I have to wait the full amount of time before reading my results?
A: Yes. It is important that you wait to see if a line in the test region appears before
reading your result. This might take the entire suggested number of minutes for the test
region line to appear. Within one minute of the urine specimen activating the pads on
the adulteration strips the colors can be compared.
Q: Can the test results be read after the suggested number of minutes?
A: Yes. The test card and panel results remain stable for up to 1 hour after test initiation.
For specimen validity testing test results cannot be read after 4 minutes.
Q: The test line is very faint and the control line is very strong at the suggested
minute read time. What does this mean?
A: The shade of red in the test line region (T) will vary, but it should be considered
negative whenever there is even a faint pink line.
Not applicable for Specimen Validity Testing.
Q: Does a negative result indicate drug-free urine?

A: A negative result does not necessarily indicate drug-free urine. Negative results may be
obtained when a drug is present in the urine but below the cut-off level of the test
Q: When the specimen sample is added to the test, red/pink fluid can be seen
migrating up the membrane. Is this normal?
A: A red/pink background is normal as the sample flows up the test strip and will not affect
the test result. As long as it does not interfere with the interpretation of the line(s), the
background can be disregarded.
Q: How does one know that the test has been performed properly?
A: As an internal procedural control, a red line appearing in the control (C) region confirms
the addition of sufficient specimen volume and the performance of correct procedural
technique.
Q: A negative result is read when two distinct red lines appear, one in the control
region (C) and another in the test region (T). Do the two lines need to be of the
same intensity?
A: No. The intensity of the red color in the test line region (T) will vary. Any shade of a red
line in the test (T) region (darker than, the same color as, or lighter than the control line)
along with a red line in the control (C) region is considered a negative result.
Q: Can the result be read before the specified read time?

A: No. Even though a negative result may appear earlier, it is important that the test be
allowed to fully develop for amount of the suggested minutes.
Q: Does the specimen need to be sent to a laboratory for confirmation?

A: The test provides only a qualitative, preliminary analytical result. A secondary analytical
method must be used to obtain a confirmed result. Gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method.
Q: Can the test be used beyond the expiration date?

A: No. The test device should not be used under any circumstances past their expiration
date.

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Troubleshooting Guide December 2006 Version 3.0.

BY: Innovacon, Inc.

ADULTERATION TESTING/ SPECIMEN VALIDITY TESTING:

OXIDANTS/PYRIDINIUM CHLOROCHROMATE (PCC):

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

COMPOUND (Generic Name) COMPOUND (Trade Name) RESULTS

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Q: How should urine specimens be collected?

Q: Will menstrual blood have any effect on the test?

Q: What factors could cause the test to be invalid?

Q: How many tests is it possible to run at a time?

Q: Does a negative result indicate drug-free urine?

Q: Can the result be read before the specified read time?

Q: Does the specimen need to be sent to a laboratory for confirmation?

Q: Can the test be used beyond the expiration date?

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