GOOD TO

KNOW
Design of Post-Installed Rebar
Connections with PROFIS Engineering

1
 GOOD TO KNOW Anchor theory covers both single anchor fixed points and anchor
groups in steel anchor plate fixtures while rebar theory is the
discipline used for concrete member connections through post-
PROFIS Engineering Suite –
installed reinforcement bars and adhesive.
Design of post-installed rebar connections

THE NECESSITY OF Today, most construction projects require the installation of concrete-to-concrete or steel-to-
concrete fixtures, which are often secured by post-installed injection mortars. These are
POST-INSTALLED specified during the design stage or are needed during the execution phase to improve jobsite
CONNECTORS efficiency or to correct installation errors.

The difference between

anchor and rebar theory

Abb.1:
Kopfbol

1
zen

Abb. 1: Connection with post- Abb. 2: Connection with post- Abb. 3: Strut and tie model
installed anchors installed rebar

The regulatory framework covering anchor and rebar is based on different theoretical principles,
design approaches and qualification processes. For anchors you can follow the EN 1992-4
whereas for post-installed rebar you either have the option of designing acc. to EN 1992-1 or TR
069.
Just calculating the embedment depth of the rebar as an anchor (possible to a certain extent,
since rebars can be qualified as a steel element for anchoring applications) might not be in line
with the code utilized in the concrete design.

Anchor Theory Rebar Theory

Using anchor theory, the load from a steel member is According to the rebar theory the load is transferred to the concrete in
transferred to the concrete structure – through an anchor the same way as with a cast-in reinforcement bar. Connections are
plate that is fixed to the concrete – using an anchor bolt designed through strut-and-tie modeling. In the case of a splice (or
fixing. The steel elements of the fixing transfer the load to overlap) connection, the load is transferred through a local strut-tie
the existing concrete element through either tensile load mechanism in the same way as with a cast-in non-contact
or shear load, or a combination of both. Leveraging the reinforcement bar splice. The brittle concrete failure mode is prevented
concrete’s inherent tensile strength is essential for the by means of global or local compressive struts; therefore, international
fixing to resist the load. It means that the brittle concrete reinforced concrete code design rules do not consider the concrete’s
cone failure is accepted and accounted for in the design. tensile capacity and expect all tensile forces to be resisted by rebars.

The main differences of anchor and rebar theory can be differentiated in the qualification process and the design approach

▪ Qualification procedure
Whether you design a post-installed steel-to-concrete or concrete-to-concrete connection, in both cases you should rely on qualified
systems that are consistent with the regulatory framework adopted for the project (i.e. ETA document). Both design theories are supported
by different qualification procedures in line with the application conditions covered in the approval (e.g. static, seismic).

▪ The design approach

When designing a post-installed anchor group, the design capacity of the selected layout is calculated and then compared with the design
load, in an approach such as normal structural design according to limit state principles. For post-installed rebar connections, the outcome
of the calculation is the anchorage length for simply supported and moment connections, or lap length for splice connections, which follow
similar rules to cast-in reinforcement.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023 2

GOOD TO KNOW With the Rebar Revolution of EOTA TR 069 you can design your
post-installed rebars with beyond cast-in bond strength for
PROFIS Engineering Suite – mortars tested according to EAD 332402-00-0601.
Design of post-installed rebar connections

What is EOTA TR 069 and Post-installed rebar is used both in new and in existing buildings. Typical connections are new to
why do we talk about a existing concrete walls, anchoring stair landings, connecting of stair landings, connections of ceilings
to wall panels or wall panels or anchoring columns in existing foundations. The basic prerequisite for
Rebar Revolution?
the transmission of planned tensile forces or to design a moment bearing connection was till recently
constructed as an overlapping joint. This means in accordance to EAD 330087 and EN 1992-1-1 with
concreted-in, straight concrete steels.

2
Rebar Revolution refers to the technical Report EOTA TR069 launched in 2019 «Design method for
anchorages of post-installed reinforcing bars (rebars) with improved bond-splitting behaviour as
compared to EN 1992-1-1» that allows the design of post-installed moment resisting reinforced
concrete connections on a European framework, which do not have to be executed as overlap joints.

Abb. 4: Design acc. to EOTA TR069 Abb. 5: Design acc. to EC 2-1

WHICH MORTARS DO APPLY AND HOW DO THEY NEED TO BE TESTED?

EAD 332402-00-0601 is the testing basis for injection mortars that can withstand moment or tension bearing applications without
overlap joints. Test criteria include the assessment for the real bond/splitting behaviour of post-installed reinforcing bars, which,
depending on the injection mortar system, can be significantly more favourable than for reinforcement bars set in concrete.
Currently you can design acc. to EOTA TR 069 with the Hilti Mortars RE 500 V4 as well as HY 200-R V3.

EOTA TR 069 – ANCHOR DESIGN MEETS REBAR DESIGN

EOTA TR 069 forms a bridge between the standards and regulations of EN 1992-4 (anchor design) and EN 1992-1-1 (the design of
reinforced concrete structures) based on the EAD 332402-00-0601. With EOTA TR 069 the corresponding anchorage length is determined
by the smallest resistance of concrete anchorage based on either Steel failure, Concrete failure or bond/splitting failure. Additionally, you
can check for yielding, concrete breakout and rebar pull-out or splitting of the concrete. Furthermore, the determined anchorage length
needs to be higher or equal with the min. anchorage length acc. to EN 1992-1-1

EOTA TR 069 aims to determine and verify the anchorage length of the post-installed reinforcement in the existing component. The
transfer of the forces into the concrete component or the entire construction must be verified separately according to EN 1992-1-1 (e.g.,
shear transfer in the connection joint as well as bending and shear force resistance)

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

3
GOOD TO KNOW Easily design post-installed rebar connections such as Lap Splices
and End Anchorages with all different applications and possible
PROFIS Engineering Suite – design methods.
Design of post-installed rebar connections

. Start your post-installed rebar design by selecting the right connection and
INPUTS IN application type . The list of options will change whether you select lap splices or end
PROFIS ENGINEERING anchorages.

Start by selecting the To start go to the tab “Application”

right connection and
following the
application.

3
The possible design
method is depending on
the connection type and
load type.

Lap spliced can be designed as an extension at support if the post-installed rebars are
overlapping in the region of the support.

If a support is defined, the tension on the rebars resulting from shear load ΔFtd is
considered to act only in the bottom layer of slabs and beams.
If a support is not defined, the tension on the rebars resulting from shear load ΔFtd is
considered to act in both layers of reinforcement of slabs and beams.

By activating “Continous in X direction” the user

defines that the concrete element is not limited in
x direction but goes on.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

4
 With PROFIS Engineering Concrete to Concrete rebar module you can

GOOD TO KNOW easily define and check loads from different directions.

PROFIS Engineering Suite –

Design of post-installed rebar connections

You can either enter your loads in the 3D-Model or in the table below the 3D Model. Based on the
Enter your acting Loads application and connection selection you can enter different loads.

Splices End anchorage

Vx Vy N Mx My Vx Vy N Mx My
Slab to slab x x x x Wall to slab x x x x
Beam to beam x x x Column to slab x x x x x
Wall to wall x x x x
Slab to wall x x x x
Column to column x x x x x
Beam to wall x x x
Beam to slab x x x
Column to wall x x x x x Beam to column x x x
Single rebar x Single rebar x

Continue by defining the Continue your design by entering the base material parameters for the existing and the new concrete
base material member.

To start go to the tab “base material”

For Rebar design cracked concrete is a selected default. In case cracked concrete does not apply to
your application please deselect the check mark. This has an effect on the resistance.

In the dropdowns existing concrete material and new concrete material the user can select the
concrete strength in a range from C12/15 till C50/60 including the B15 till B55.

If you have higher or lower concrete

strength you can input them by entering
custom concrete.

You can define the roughness between the new and the old concrete member. The grade of chosen
and executed roughness effect the shear verification and the transfer of loads via the interface.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

5
 Did you know that using drilling aid will help you decrease your

GOOD TO KNOW deviation in drilling by 4-6%? Other wise you might need to increase
your concrete cover to ensure a safe anchorage.
PROFIS Engineering Suite –
Design of post-installed rebar connections

Depending on the existing concrete strength, the present of

reinforcement, the diameter and also the embedment
depths, there are different drilling methods supporting the
different conditions. The Software will indicate if you have
chosen the wrong drilling type for your application.

Without drilling aid, an inaccuracy is taken into account in the drilling process according to ETA.

Test show that for hammer drilling you can assume a 6% deviation whereas for compressed air drilling you even need to take into account a
8% difference. By using a drilling aid, this deviation from the theoretical borehole angle can be limited to 2%.
In certain cases e.g. overlap joints in thin slabs, this reduction leads to impracticable results because of the borehole tolerances. In such
cases, additional measures must be taken to guarantee the drilling direction.

Drilling aid is used Drilling aid not used

Chemical mortars for post-installed rebars are impacted by temperature during their:
▪ installation/ curing time as well as
▪ in the short and
▪ long term behavior
By entering these temperatures, the software will pre-select possible mortars. For example, slow
curing mortars for high installation temperatures etc.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

6
 The more information PROFIS Engineering has about the existing

GOOD TO KNOW reinforcement the better it can use to transfer the loads from the
post-installed rebar to the existing one.
PROFIS Engineering Suite –
Design of post-installed rebar connections

Continue your design by entering your information on the existing reinforcement in the existing
Continue by defining the
concrete. The information needed varies by connection type.
existing reinforcement
To start go to the tab “existing reinforcement”

For Splices you can define longitudinal and transverse For End Anchorages you only need to define the material
reinforcement and the width of the surface reinforcment

Define the yield strength of

Define the yield strength of
the existing rebar.
the existing rebar.

Define whether your surface

Longitudinal reinforcement reinforcement is installed in a
wide or dense pattern.
For splices you can define
whether your longitudinal
Define your existing concrete
reinforcement is placed in
cover in z direction.
layers or an arrangement.

Reinforcement arrangement Reinforcement Layers

Define the rebar shape

Define the bond condition You can define 0-2 layers as
top and as bottom layers.
Define the diameter and
number of bars Define the rebar shape

Define the bond condition

Define front and side cover of
the concrete
Define the front cover

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

7
 PROFIS Engineering Rebar Module gives you full flexibility in defining

GOOD TO KNOW stirrups, reinforcement layers as well as the actual number of layers.
You can choose from 1 to 4 Layers to reflect the situation on the
PROFIS Engineering Suite – jobsite.
Design of post-installed rebar connections

Transverse reinforcement

After activating the transverse reinforcement, define whether your application has reinforcement
layers or stirrups.

Stirrups Reinforcement Layers

Define the diameter in top and

Define the diameter, the
bottom layer, the spacing the
spacing and the top cover for
and top cover for the existing
the existing reinforcement.
reinforcement.

After activating the transverse reinforcement, define whether your application has reinforcement layers
or stirrups.

By activating this box PROFIS Engineering assumes the most unfavourable position for the rebar in
relation to each other. This automatically also increases the anchorage length .

EXCURSE: NUMBER OF LAYERS

# of Layers - Top Layer

The combinations of the different 0 1 2

layer numbers in the top and
bottom reinforcement depend on
the load direction. Missing
# of Layers - Bottom Layer

0
Rebar Layers is only possible if
that area is in the compression
zone.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

8
 PROFIS Engineering Rebar Module offers you to design your

GOOD TO KNOW applications with 2 different mortars. HY 200-R V3 the beyond cast-in
mortar with fast curing time, RE 500 V4 is the solution for everything
PROFIS Engineering Suite – based on epoxy properties.
Design of post-installed rebar connections

Define the post-installed

In this tab you can define the design type – either user defined or automatic mode – as well as the
reinforcement
mortar type and further relevant rebar types

To start go to the tab “post-installed rebar”

To select a mortar click on mortar family.

You can select either the ETA for TR069

and the Eurocode

Define the yield strength of the post-installed rebar

There are two design modes – User defined and Automatic mode

In the verification mode you In the optimization mode the

as the user define all post- Software assumes the bond
installed rebar parameters condition, diameter, spacing
and try to verify the check. and cover.
You can decide to “optimize”
based on min. anchorage
length or min. number of bars.

You can define your exact In design mode the rebar

application. definition fields are greyed out
since the values are proposed
▪ Decide the post-installed by the software.
rebar parameters by
arranging them in You can define whether you
reinforcement layers or want the software to propose
arrangements like you did you a solution based on:
for the existing
reinforcement. ▪ the min. dia. of post-
installed rebar
▪ apply the relevant bond ▪ min. number holes
condition

▪ define the diameter

▪ define top cover

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

9
 Your jobsite situation is not the standard one? With the 2D Editor in

GOOD TO KNOW the Rebar module you can check and calculate user defined existing
or post-installed rebar layouts. You don´t have enough space to use
PROFIS Engineering Suite – typical layouts to transfer the loads? No Problem, the 2D Editor
Design of post-installed rebar connections
mirrors your needs.

Excurse 2D Editors

In user defined mode you have the option to define your cast-in and
post-installed rebar layout completely.

▪ Change to the “Front View” to see the post-installed rebar (red)

and cast-in rebar (black).
▪ You can drag the post-installed rebar by dragging them with your
mouse.
▪ The cast-in rebar position can only be modified in the table on the
left side.

To open the table, click on “modify coordinates” in the left

menu.
You can change the Material.

Define the cast-In/ existing Reinforcement:

▪ Position
▪ Diameter
▪ Bond condition
▪ Shape

Define the post-installed Reinforcement:

▪ Position
▪ Diameter
▪ Bond condition

Define the loads and design In this tab you can define the Load type, load definition and shear design methods.
methods

To start go to the tab “loads and design methods”

You can distinguish between static, seismic and fire design. Please keep in mind that for fire relevant
application you need to do a cold and a “hot” design.

You can select “design for yield” also under static and seismic applications.

Define the design working life of your rebar application – 50 or 100 years.

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

10
 For certain applications you might need to switch in between loads

GOOD TO KNOW per section to loads per bar.

PROFIS Engineering Suite –

Design of post-installed rebar connections

Define whether your loads apply per bar or per section.

Load per section – Loads are entered for the entire section width according to the geometry
input.
Loads per bar - Loads can be entered bar by bar. In this case, no section analysis is performed.
The relationship between permanent loads (consisting of permanent actions and the permanent
component from variable actions) and the total value of loads is considered in the ultimate limit
state.

If the checkbox min. reinforcement is activated, PROFIS designs the area of reinforcement by
the table below.

PROFIS Engineering automatically calculates the maximum area of reinforcement as

As,max=0,04∙Ac.
In case different area of maximum post-installed reinforcement shall be considered, please
select “User defined”.

Min. Reinforcement
Beam Slab Column Wall Single
Single
fctm 0,1∗𝑁𝐸𝑑
As,min= 0,26(
𝑓𝑦k
bt*d)≥0,0013btd As,min= max( ; 0,002 *Ac) no minimum is
𝑓𝑦𝑑 As,min= 0,002 Ac
Smax,slab = min{3h;400mm} and at least 4 bars considered

SHEAR DESIGN OPTIONS

The additional effect of shear in tension zone is considered by default in case of beams and
slabs. This can be de-activated by the user. The design formular changes whether it is a direct or
an indirect support (with or without shear-reinforcement). Please see the details below.

Direct support Indirect support

ΔFtd = VEdal / z

(See EN1992-1-1 section 9.2.1.3) (See EN1992-1-1 section 6.2.3)

No shear reinforcement No shear reinforcement
al = d ΔFtd = VEd cot θ
Shear reinforcement Shear reinforcement

al = z(cot θ - cot α)/2 ΔFtd = VEd (cot θ – cot α )

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

11
 Shear design for post-installed rebar do not rely on the rebar

GOOD TO KNOW diameter but rather on interface roughness. In PROFIS Engineering

you can design your shear interface acc. to 3 formulas.
PROFIS Engineering Suite –
Design of post-installed rebar connections

Post-installed rebars are not generally designed to resist direct

shear loading in the same way as an anchor bolt.

The forces are defined through a strut-and-tie model, which

NEd
presupposes that the rebar only resists axial loads to guarantee
equilibrium with global concrete struts.

The connection interface needs to be properly roughened to ensure

VEd
the shear load is transferred by friction.

Abb. 6: Shear interface for post-

installed rebar applications

There are 3 shear design check formulas that can be applied for the shear design check for post-installed rebar

The shear check design is optional and can be activated via checkboc in the «loads tab»

▪ Predominant bending without shear reinforcement → EN 1992-1-1 6.2.2

▪ Predominant bending with shear reinforcement in new member → EN 1992-1-1 6.2.3
▪ Predominant compression with or without shear reinforcement → EN 1992-1-1 6.2.5

When does what check apply? – Guidance to choose the correct shear check

Where,
ed - is the eccentricity of the bending moment to the center of the cross section and h - is the height of the concrete element

if ed/h>=3.5 if ed/h<3.5

EN1992-1-1 6.2.2 EN1992-1-1 6.2.3 EN1992-1-1 6.2.5

VRd,c = [CR,dck(100*ρ|fck)1/3 + k1 σcp]bwd VRd,s = (Asw/s) z fywd cotθ VRd,i =c fctd +μσn + ρ fyd (μ sinα + cosα) ≤ 0,5 ѵ fcd

VRd,max = αcw bw z ѵ 1 (Asw/s) z fywd cotθ VRd,c VRd,s

No requirements on bars
Members not requiring design Members requiring design shear If VRd,c ≥ VEd
crossing the interface
shear reinforcement reinforcement
L0,min / lbd,min in calculated in tension

If VRd,c ≤ VEd Bar crossing the interface

are required for shear

Lbd,y required for the engaged bars

Good-to-know – PROFIS Engineering Suite – Design of post-installed rebar connections | 2/2023

12