Grammatical Signals

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Idea development is essential in

writing. This is done by


organizing ideas in a logical and
clear manner that suits the
writer’s purpose.
Grammatical signals are writing
devices such as transitional
devices, connectors,
determiners, and repetitions
that are used to maintain text
coherence.
Pattern of idea development
refers to the structure of writing
on how the ideas are being
presented. Five of the commonly
used patterns of idea development
are the general to particular, cause
and effect, claim-counterclaim,
problem-solution, and persuasion.
This pattern of idea
development discusses the
general topic by presenting
specific details that support
the topic. The writer starts
with the general idea stated in
the topic sentence. Then, it is
elaborated and explained
through specific details and
examples. In other words,
general to particular pattern
is a deductive method of
organization.
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS

for example, for instance, such as,


specifically, primarily, in fact, in brief,
in short, to sum up, in the end,
eventually, before long, ultimately,
therefore, furthermore, often, first,
second, moreover

EXAMPLE

Saving money is one of the


best habits to do, moreover
it can be of aid to you in
case of emergency.
This pattern of idea
development explains
the causes or the
effects of something.
When a writer presents
reasons, he or she is
explaining the causes.
When a writer explains
the results, he or she is
explaining the effects.
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS

Cause: if, for, since, due to, because,


owing to, because of, one cause, and
resulting from
Effect: so, thus, hence, then,
therefore, as a result, in effect, as
consequence, consequently, leads to,
one of the effects is, and that is why

EXAMPLE

I always brush my teeth,


as a result, I don’t have
cavities.
This pattern of idea
development refers to the
structure of presenting a side
of an issue in an
argumentative manner. A claim
is the writer’s stand on a
topic supported by evidences
and logical reasoning. Also, the
writer presents the
counterclaim or the opposite
stand of an issue to disprove
it through evidences and
logical reasoning.
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS

alike, also, as well, as the same time,


both, in addition, in common, like,
likewise, same, similar, similarly,
although, as opposed to, but, by
contrast, differ, even though, instead,
on the other hand, on the contrary,
unlike, while, yet

EXAMPLE

Some people don’t know about RA


9003, otherwise known as
Ecological Solid Waste Management
Act of 2003, although it is already
implemented.
This pattern of idea
development is used when a
writer identifies a problem
and addresses it by
presenting one or more
solutions. A problem refers
to the unsatisfactory
situation that causes
troubles or difficulties. A
solution on the other hand,
refers to the ways in solving
or minimizing the problem.
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS

because, since, so, since, so that,


nevertheless, a solution, however,
therefore, in addition, as a result,
if…then, thus, consequently,
accordingly,

EXAMPLE

Unhealthy food and junk


food is way cheaper; therefore,
the food industry should lower
the prices on fresh and healthy
food.
This pattern of idea
development intends to
convince the readers to do
or believe in something. It
allows the writer to
express his or her personal
viewpoints about a topic
to convince the readers.
This pattern of idea
development is based on
opinions and emotions.
GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS

come, free, need, must, must not,


necessary, latest, hurry, join, help,
best, better, great, proven, trusted,
create, come along, urgent, amazing
experience, avail now, I believe, I urge,
don't miss, can do it, one of a kind

EXAMPLE

Our youth organization is looking


for enthusiastic environmental
advocates. What are you waiting
for? Join now and be one of us!
See You Next Time

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