Reining Corrosion Technologist

NACE-RCT-001

NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2)

Written Exam
Exam Preparation Guide
June 2017

Copyright ©2016 by NACE International Institute. All rights reserved.

NACE-CP2-001 Exam Preparation Guide—May 2017 | 1
Table of Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Target Audience...................................................................................................................................................... 3

Requirements .......................................................................................................................................................... 4

CP2 – Knowledge and Skill Areas Tested .............................................................................................................. 5

Types of Questions........................................................................................................................................................ 9

Description of Questions..................................................................................................................................... 9

Sample Questions .................................................................................................................................................. 9

Answer Key .............................................................................................................................................................10

Preparation ....................................................................................................................................................................11

Training ....................................................................................................................................................................11

Strongly Recommended Prerequisite Training .........................................................................................11

NACE Cathodic Protection Tester (CP1) – Course .....................................................................................11

Suggested Study Material .................................................................................................................................11

Books ........................................................................................................................................................................11

Papers .......................................................................................................................................................................11

Standards ................................................................................................................................................................11

Other.........................................................................................................................................................................12

Calculators ..............................................................................................................................................................13

Reference Material Provided During the Exam .........................................................................................15

Conversions ............................................................................................................................................................15

Symbol of deinitions..........................................................................................................................................15

Formulas ..................................................................................................................................................................15

Tables and Figures ...............................................................................................................................................15

NACE-CP2-001 Exam Preparation Guide—June 2017 | 2

Introduction
The Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) written exam is designed to assess whether a candidate has
the requisite knowledge and skills that a minimally qualified Cathodic Protection Technician must
possess. The exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions covering intermediate and basic areas of
Cathodic Protection skills and knowledge. A candidate should have intermediate level knowledge of
corrosion theory, CP concepts, types of CP systems, and advanced field measurement techniques.

Test Name NACE- Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) Written Exam

Test Code NACE-CP2-001
Time 2 ½ hours*
Number of Questions 100
Format Computer Based Testing (CBT)
NOTE: A pass/fail grade is provided at the end of the exam.
*Exam time includes 4 minutes for the non-disclosure agreement and 6 minutes for the system tutorial.

Note: Completion of course does not entitle the candidate to the certification.

Target Audience
Candidates for Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) should ideally have several years of CP field
experience and possess intermediate level knowledge of corrosion theory, CP concepts, the types of CP
systems in common use, and be competent with basic rectifier diagnostics, intermediate level field
measurement techniques and equipment. CP Technician candidates could also be practicing
technicians or engineers with a more modest level of cathodic protection experience, but with more
significant relevant technical education.
Typically, Cathodic Protection Technicians are responsible for testing and maintaining the effectiveness
of operating CP systems and components and supervising or assisting with the installation of CP
systems. This includes troubleshooting, identifying interference conditions, performing over-the-line
surveys and evaluating the results obtained.

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Requirements
Cathodic Protection Technician (CP2)
Requirements for Cathodic Protection Technician:
n 1 Prerequisite n Work Experience n 2 Core Exams n Application

The following prerequisite is required:

Successful completion of Cathodic Protection Tester (CP1), or equivalent training
Work Experience Requirements
Choose one of the following work experience options:

3 years veriiable CP work experience

2 years veriiable CP work experience

and
2 year post high school training from approved math / science technical / trade school

1 year veriiable CP work experience

and
4 year physical science or engineering degree

Core Exam Requirements

The following exams are required: (2 core exams required)

Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) exam (practical / hands on)

Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) closed book exam (multiple choice, with
relevant references)- NACE-CP2-001

Application Requirement:
Approved Cathodic Protection Technician (CP2) application
Note: Completion of course does not entitle the candidate to the certiication.

Note: Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) exam (practical/ hands on exam) is only given at the
conclusion of the NACE Cathodic Protection Technician Course. Separate arrangements should be made
to take this portion of the exam should the candidate choose not to attend the course.

Submit Application – Candidates must apply for this certification by submitting an on-line application which is
subject to approval. Applications must be submitted within 3 years of successful completion of both exams.

Certiication renewal requirements – Recertification application* required every 3 years –

§ Minimum 1.5 years of work experience during the 3-year period prior to renewal
§ A completed recertification application
§ A minimum of 24 Professional Development Hours
§ Renewal Fee (Members $240.00 USD; Non-members $450.00 USD)

Upon successful completion of requirements, the candidate will be awarded a a Cathodic Protection
Technician (CP 2) Certiication *Approval required

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CP2 – Knowledge and Skill Areas Tested
NOTE: At the end of the CBT exam the candidate will receive a bar chart of strengths and weaknesses that
correspond to these Domains.
Domain 1- Basics - 38-42%
§ Be familiar with basic chemistry related to on corrosion and cathodic protection.
corrosion and role of acids and alkaline conditions. § Understand the characteristics and application
§ Understand how corrosion cells are formed on methods of common pipeline coatings.
metal objects that are underground or otherwise § Understand the concept of shielding and how it
immersed in an electrolyte. can affect metallic objects that are cathodically
§ Be familiar with the Galvanic Series of metals. protected.
§ Understand the composition of a basic galvanic § Understand the use of Faraday’s first law in relation
corrosion cell and the electrochemical reactions to cathodic protection and corrosion of metals.
occur at the anode and the cathode. § Be familiar with NACE standards and prominent
§ Understand and identify the forms of corrosion. international standards related to Cathodic
§ Understand the physical and chemical Protection of steel and other structures in buried
characteristics of metals and electrolytes that at and immersed conditions.
affect corrosion rate and polarization. § Be familiar with CP criteria in NACE and prominent
§ Understand the cause and effect of polarization in international standards and special conditions or
a galvanic cell. precautions related to their use.
§ Understand the relationship between voltage, § Understand and demonstrate the application of
current and resistance as expressed by Ohm’s Law. the E Log-I CP technique.
§ Understand basic AC and DC circuits, including § Understand environmental and physical
series, parallel and series-parallel. conditions that affect the application of CP criteria.
§ Understand the application of Kirchhoff’s electrical § Understand and demonstrate the applications and
circuit laws. effects of electrically close and remote anodes.
§ Understand the concept of cathodic protection § Understand what amphoteric material are the
and the two primary methods of applying it to effect that cathodic protection may have on them.
metal objects underground or otherwise § Understand the safety considerations and
immersed in an electrolyte. methods for dealing with spark hazards and
§ Understand and use the Nernst Equation to current in piping.
calculate the potential of a metal in a specific § Understand Lock-Out/Tag-Out procedures.
environment. § Understand common hazards related to cathodic
§ Understand and use Evan’s Diagrams to protection work activities.
demonstrate the effects that various factors have

Domain 2-Rectiiers - 14-16%

§ Be capable of reading electrical schematics. § Understand the principles of magnetism and how
§ Use a digital volt-ohm meter (Multimeter) to it applies to transformers.
determine the voltage and current output of a § Repair rectifiers that have received damage from
rectifier and the condition of diodes. surges or lightning.
§ Understand how to install and commission new § Know how to change the connections of a rectifier
rectifiers. to receive 240 Volts or 120 Volts input AC.
§ Understand the procedure for performing an § Know how to test a transformers primary and
efficiency test on a rectifier. secondary out of the circuit with an ohm meter.
§ Understand a transformer rectifier circuit and be § Know how to test a transformer in the circuit with
able to follow the input AC voltage through the an AC voltmeter.
transformer to the rectification stack and the DC § Know how to calculate the secondary voltage for a
from the stack to the load. transformer.
§ Understand the types of rectifying circuits. § Understand the differences in a selenium and

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 silicon diodes and the advantages and used in CP rectifiers and the advantages each can
disadvantages of each when used in a CP provide.
rectifier. § Know how to modify a CP rectifier that is found to
§ Understand the various type of circuit breakers be interfering with EFM, SCADA or radio
that can be used in CP rectifiers and the communication signals.
advantages and disadvantages of each. § Know how to install chokes when the pulsating
§ Understand the circuits required in CP rectifiers for DC is causing problems with EFM calibration.
single and three phase AC inputs and be able to § Understand the different types of rectifier
troubleshoot them. operating modes: constant voltage, constant
§ Understand the various types of circuit current, constant potential.
configurations that can provide rectification: Full § Understand the causes of common abnormal CP
wave, single wave, full wave bridge. circuit conditions and their resulting effects on
§ Understand the effects of filtering configurations rectifier DC output.

Domain 3- CP Current Source - 1-3%

§ Understand the basic aspects of common in soil and water environments.
impressed current CP power sources other than § Install both impressed current and galvanic
transformer/rectifiers. anodes, document the installation and test to
§ Understand the different types of impressed insure proper operation.
current and galvanic anodes and their applications

Domain 4 - Reference Cells - 4-6%

§ Understand the different types of reference cells, § Install permanent (stationary) reference cells and
where they are used and their related check them periodically to insure they are in
conversion factors. good working order.
§ Understand the construction and operation of § Understand the recommendations in the Safety
reference cells and maintain them in a manner Data Sheet pertaining to the handling and
that will provide accurate readings. disposal of Copper Sulfate.
§ Understand the effects of temperature and § Use an antimony half-cell in comparison to a
electrolyte ion concentration on the calibration copper/copper sulfate half-cell for determining
of reference cells. the pH of soils.
Domain 5- Instruments - 2-4%
§ Understand the operation of digital and instruments and be able to utilize them to
analog Volt-Ohm meters (Multimeters) and locate pipelines, cables, shorts and broken
how they are used to measure current, cables in all underground environments.
voltage and resistance. § Understand the advantages and
§ Understand and demonstrate other methods disadvantages of conductive and inductive
to measure current in CP circuits, such as, pipe and cable locators.
clamp-on ammeters and zero resistance § Understand the methods and equipment for
ammeters. testing pipeline coatings for holidays
§ Use a digital Volt-Ohm meter to determine the (damage) before burial.
current output of sacrificial anodes. § Be familiar with the use of in-line inspection
§ Understand the various types of pipe locating tools for pipelines.
Domain 6 - CP Test Leads - 1-3%
§ Install test leads for a potential test station flange according to common industry
according to common industry practice. practice.
§ Install jumper test leads across an isolation § Install test leads for an interference bond

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 according to common industry practice. pipe or tank by using an exothermic weld kit.
§ Install test leads for a foreign line crossing. § Understand the equipment and procedures to
§ Install and calibrate 2-wire and 4-wire line make repairs and/or splices to bond leads,
current test stations. header cables and test leads.
§ Understand the common methods of making § Understand the equipment and procedures to
test lead and cable attachments to structures. add additional positive or negative cables to
§ Understand the equipment and procedures to an existing rectifier circuit.
make test lead and cable attachments to a
Domain 7 - Field Tests - 13-15%
§ Understand the procedure and equipment for § Demonstrate the different types of “shorted
performing and analyzing a current casing tests” on buried pipelines and casings
requirement test. and interpret the results of the tests regarding
§ Understand the procedure and equipment for electrical isolation, metallic short and
a soil pH test. electrolytic couple.
§ Understand and demonstrate the methods for § Understand the procedures and calculations
correcting for IR Drop errors in structure-to- for determining pipe resistance to remote
electrolyte potentials. earth, coating conductance and specific
§ Understand and demonstrate the effects of conductance.
resistances in a CP measurement circuit and § Know how to perform examinations of the
impedance in a Volt-Ohm meter on the true coating and pipe on sections of pipeline that
and measured potentials. have been excavated.
§ Conduct a Wenner 4-pin soil resistivity test § Understand the use of soil resistivity tests for
with a soil resistance meter or equivalent selecting sites for installing impressed current
instrument and calculate the soil resistivity. or galvanic anodes.
§ Conduct soil resistivity measurements by § Know how to locate breaks in header cables
using a Soil Box. with a “audio type” pipe and cable locator.
§ Understand and be able to perform Barnes § Understand the basic principles of corrosion
Layer soil resistivity calculations. and CP testing on reinforced concrete
§ Conduct single-point soil resistivity readings structures.
with a “Collins Rod”. § Analyze reinforcing-to-reference electrode
§ Install current interrupters in rectifiers or potential measurement for probability of
bonds for the purpose of taking “On” and corrosion.
“Instant off” structure-to-electrolyte potential
readings.
Domain 8 - Periodic Surveys - 1-2%
§ Conduct annual structure-to-electrolyte § Conduct soil resistivity surveys.
surveys on all facilities. § Conduct cell-to-cell surveys.
§ Conduct a polarization decay test. § Collect data on external CP coupon test
§ Conduct rectifier readings. stations.
§ Conduct surveys of bonds. § Conduct offshore platform and riser surveys.
§ Conduct surveys of diodes or current § Be familiar with the purposes, procedures,
reversing switches. equipment and data evaluation of the

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Domain 9 - Insulators and Shorts - 1-3%
§ Understand the use of electrical isolation device is shorted using pipe-to-soil potential
between facilities or equipment and the readings.
advantages and disadvantages of different types § Understand the procedure and equipment to
of isolation devices. test the effectiveness of an isolator with an
§ Understand the use of protective devices for electronic isolation checking instrument.
isolation devices. § Understand methods and equipment used to
§ Understand the effects a metallic short can have locate and clear shorts on an underground
on a CP system. pipeline system.
§ Understand the test to determine if an isolation
Domain 10 - Shunts - 1-2%
§ Understand the procedures and calculation current magnitude and direction.
methods to determine the amount of current § Understand how to read shunts for individual
in a shunt by reading the milli-Volt (mV) drop anodes associated with impressed current
across it with a digital voltmeter. ground beds.
§ Understand how to determine the direction of § Understand how to utilize an external shunt
current in a shunt by observing the polarity of to determine the output current of a rectifier
the mV reading. with a broken amp meter.
§ Understand how to read shunts in rectifiers to § Understand how to read shunts that are
determine the output current. installed in galvanic anodes to determine
§ Understand how to read shunts in bonds with output current.
foreign structures and properly record the
Domain 11 - DC Stray Current Interference - 6-8%
§ Understand the causes and general solutions suggest methods of control that will mitigate
for Dynamic and Static stray current the effects of the stray current.
interferences. § Understand how Line Current test stations can
§ Understand the principles of and solutions to be used to evaluate stray current.
“Anodic” and “Cathodic” stray current § Understand how Coupon Test station can be
situations. used to determine the presence of and used
§ Conduct and document interference tests in the mitigation of stray current.
where stray currents are suspected and § Calculate the resistance required for to
analyze the results. provide the amount of current drain desired at
§ Once interference tests have been run, a resistance bond installation.
Domain 12 - AC Mitigation - 4-6%
§ Understand the safety requirements when § Know the AC voltage safety limit for pipelines
installing or working with test stations and other and how to test for it safely.
equipment near high voltage power lines. § Be able to safely test a rectifier cabinet for AC
§ Understand the causes and types of AC voltage before touching it.
interference (or interactions) with pipelines and § Understand conditions where AC corrosion
related safety standards and safe work practices. can occur.
§ Understand procedures and equipment used
to mitigate the effects of excessive AC voltage
induced on underground structures.

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Domain 13 - Internal - 2-4%
§ Collect data on Electrical Resistance (ER) probes.
Domain 14 - Atmospheric - 1-3%
§ Perform periodic atmospheric corrosion inspections and document your findings according to
accepted industry practice.
Domain 15 - Record Keeping and Administrative - 1-3%
§ Record readings from periodic surveys and any § Understand the importance of accurate
other inspection and maintenance activities facility records and drawings, such as pipeline
according to the common industry practice. alignment sheets and other system maps and
§ Maintain all records required by the respective be able to provide accurate locations where
policy or regulation for the life of the facility work was done or new facilities installed.
involved.

Types of Questions
Description of Questions
The questions on this exam are multiple-choice and there is only one correct answer per question. The
questions are based on the knowledge and skills required in the cathodic protection industry for a
Cathodic Protection Technician. While the NACE training course is an excellent method of preparation,
it is not the only reference used in the development of the questions. Additional references can be
found in the Reference Section.

Sample Questions
The sample questions are included to illustrate the formats and types of questions that will be on the
exam. Your performance on the sample questions should not be viewed as a predictor of your
performance on the actual test.
1. What is the current in a 91 m (300 ft.) span of 762 mm (30 in.) pipe weighing 176.65 kg/m (118.7 lb/
ft), if the voltage drop across that span is 0.62 mV?
a. 0.850 A
b. 1.176 A
c. 2.802 A
d. 2.585 A

2. What is the pipe-to-earth resistance of a 3 km (1.86 mi.) section of 32 cm (12.75 in) diameter pipe
that has a 4-wire current span at each end with the following data?
Eon TS1 = -1320 mV Eon TS2 = -1240 mV
Eoff TS1 = -1000 mV Eoff TS2 = -1080 mV
Ion TS1 = 3.0 A Ion TS2 = 2.6 A
Ioff TS1 = 1.0 A Ioff TS2 = 1.0 A

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 a. 0.052 Ω
b. 0.076 Ω
c. 0.15 Ω
d. 0.60 Ω

3. When an ammeter with an internal resistance of 0.15 Ω is inserted into a circuit that is normally
operating at 5 V and 20 A, the ammeter will read a current of:
a. 0.08 A
b. 10 A
c. 12.5 A
d. 50 A

Answer Key
1. A
Reference: NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) Course Material

2. D
Reference: NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) Course Material

3. C
Reference: NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) Course Material

NACE-CP2-001 Exam Preparation Guide—June 2017 | 10

Preparation
Training
NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP2)- Course
Strongly Recommended Prerequisite Training
NACE Cathodic Protection Tester (CP1) – Course

Suggested Study Material

§ NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP2) - course materials
§ NACE Cathodic Protection Tester (CP1) - course materials

To take the NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) exam without taking the NACE Cathodic
Protection Technician (CP 2) course, the following materials are recommended for review. These are in
addition to reference materials listed in the Exam Preparation Guide for the Cathodic Protection Tester
(CP1) exam. The CP2 exam covers certain information that is contained within these documents, as well
as primarily, the Cathodic Protection Technician (CP2) course material.

Books
§ Peabody, A.W. (2001), Control of Pipeline Corrosion, Second edition. NACE International, the
Corrosion Society.
§ Holtsbaum, W. B. Cathodic Protection Survey Procedures. NACE International, the Corrosion Society, 2012
§ Parker, M. and Peattie, E., Pipeline Corrosion and Cathodic Protection, Third Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1984

Papers
§ Ansuini, Frank J., James R. Dimond, “Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Reference Electrodes”,
Materials Performance, 33, 11 (1994): pp. 14-17.
§ “A Guide to Understanding Electrode Readings”, Robert M. Park, Materials Performance, 2009 (NACE
International, Houston, TX).

Standards
The latest editions should be used for all standards. Certain content from these standards are
incorporated in the NACE Cathodic Protection Technician (CP 2) course materials and some of them are
included in the course manual.
§ SP0169 Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems
§ SP0285 Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by Cathodic Protection
§ SP0388 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged Surfaces of Carbon Steel
Water Storage Tanks
§ SP0177 Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and
Corrosion Control Systems

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 § SP0575 Internal Cathodic Protection (CP) Systems in Oil-Treating Vessels
§ SP0176 Corrosion Control of Submerged Areas of Permanently Installed Steel Offshore
Structures Associated with Petroleum Production
§ RP0193 External Cathodic Protection of On-Grade Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms
§ SP0196 Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged Surfaces of Steel Water
Storage Tanks
§ SP0290 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Atmospherically Exposed
Concrete Structures
§ SP0200 Steel-Cased Pipeline Practices
§ TM0497 Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or
Submerged Metallic Piping Systems
§ TM0101 Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection of Underground
Storage Tank Systems
§ TM0102 Measurement of Protective Coating Electrical Conductance on Underground Pipelines

Other
§ American Water Works Association (AWWA)
Standard D104 “Automatically Controlled, Impressed Current Cathodic Protection for the Interior of
Steel Water Tanks.”
§ American Petroleum Institute (API)
Recommended Practice 651, “Cathodic Protection of Above Ground Petroleum Storage Tanks.
Recommended Practice 1632, “Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and
Piping Systems.”
§ U.S. Government, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
49CFR Part 192, Subpart I Natural Gas Pipelines
49CFR Part 193, Subpart G Liquefied Natural Gas
49CFR Part 195, Subpart D Hazardous Liquid Pipelines
40CFR Part 280 Underground Storage Tanks

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Calculators
CBT exams contain a built-in calculator. Students will have access to either a TI Standard or TI
Scientific calculator for use during the CBT Exam.

Standard Calculator Standard Mode Functions

Add +
Subtract -
Multiply x
Divide ÷
Negative (-)
Percentage %
Square Root √ Example: 4 √
Reciprocal (Inverse) x Example: 1 ÷ 2 =
Store value to variable M+ Example: 3 * 5 = M+
Access variable MRC Example: 7 + MRC =
Clear variable M- MRC

Scientiic Calculator Scientiic Mode Functions

Add +
Subtract -
Multiply x
Divide ÷
Negative (-)
Percentage 2nd [%]
Square Root √ Example: 2nd √ 4 enter
Reciprocal (Inverse) X-1 Example: 2 X-1 enter
Store value to variable sto Xyzt Example: 3 * 5 enter sto Xyzt enter
s

Access variable Xyzt or Example: 7 + 2nd [recall] enter enter

2nd [recall]

Numeric Notation
Standard (Floating Decimal) mode menu options
Notation (digits to the left and right of decimal NORM SCI ENG e.g. 123456.78
FLOAT 0 1 2 3 4 5 … e.g. 123456.7800
Scientiic Notation mode menu options
(1 digit to the left of decimal and appropriate NORM SCI ENG e.g. 1.2345678*105
power of 10)
Engineering Notation
mode menu options
(number from 1 to 999 times 10 to an
NORM SCI ENG e.g. 123.45678*103
integer power that is a multiple of 3)
Fractions
Simple fractions n/d
Mixed numbers 2nd [Un/d]
Conversion b/w simple fraction and mixed number 2nd [n/d Un/d]

s s
Conversion b/w fraction and decimal
2nd [f d]

s s
Powers, roots, and inverses
Square a value x2
Cube a value

<
Example (24)
Raise value to specified power

<
2 4

<
Example (√16):
Square root 2nd [√]
2nd [√] 16

Example (nth root):

Reciprocal x -1
5th root of 8:
5 2nd [x√] 8

Pi
PI (π) π

Toggle
The scientific calculator might show the results of certain calculations as a fraction - possibly involving
pi or a square root. To convert this kind of result to a single number with a decimal point, you will need
to use the “toggle answer” button circled in the picture below. Pressing this button will change the
display from a fractional to a decimal format.
Answer Toggle

If you find this onscreen calculator difficult to use, raise your hand and ask the TA to provide you with
a hand-held calculator. If available, you will be provided with a scientific or non-scientific calculator.
Candidates are not permitted to bring their own calculator into the testing room.
Reference Material Provided During the Exam
Candidates will not have access to the full manual during the exam however targeted reference material will be
available in the testing system. This material is provided during the exam to aid in answering questions. No outside
material is permitted during the written exam.
§ Conversions
US to metric
Volts
Ampere
Ohms
meter
§ Symbol definitions
EMF
E or e
V or v
mV or mv
µV ar µv
I or i
mA or ma
µA or µa
R, r or Q
§ Formulas
Resistivity
OHMS Law
Power
Series Circuits
Parallel Circuits
Area of a Circle
Surface area of a Cylinder
Faraday’s Law
4-Wire Line Current Test Calibration Factor
Coating Conductance
Rectifier Efficiency Formula
AC Input Power
Current Requirement Calculations
§ Tables and Figures
Shunt Types and Values
Consumption Rate (K) for Various Metals
Relative Values of Typical Reference Electrodes to Copper-Copper Sulfate Reference Electrode
Steel Pipe Resistance
Relative Values of Typical Electrodes to a Hydrogen Electrode
Reference Electrode Conversion Scale
4-Wire Current Span Test Station
Meter Measurement Error
Color Code for Resistors

NACE-CP2-001 Exam Preparation Guide—June 2017 | 15

 Rectifier Troubleshooting Flow Diagram
Rectifier Circuit
Practical Galvanic Series in Seawater
Electrochemical Circuits
Structure-to-Electrolyte Potential
Earth Current (potential) Measurement Between Two Reference Electrodes
Forms of Corrosion

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