7.

1 ABUTMENT FOUNDATION STABILITY CHECK

7.1.1 STABILITY CHECK WITH BACKSIDE WATER PRESSURE

I. CALCULATION OF VERTICAL SOIL SPRING

　Elastic settlement can be calculated by following formula :
2
SE = Σσz ･d･(1-ν )/Eo where;　SE : Elastic Settlement (cm)
d : Depth for Sand Layer (cm)
v : Poisson's Ratio of Soil
for sand, v = 0.3
for clay, v = 0.5
Eo : Young's Modulus of Soil
for sand, Eo = 600 (N+6)+2000
for clay, Eo = 300 (N+6)

( Foundation Analysis and Design , fifth Edition,

Joseph E. Bowles, Table: 5-6)
2
σz : Increase Pressure (kN/m )

σz = Nd / { (Bd + z) ･ (Ld + z) } where;　z : Distance from BOF and center of soil (m)
Bd : 10.30 m ; Width of Mat Slab
Ld : 13.70 m ; Length of Mat Slab
2
Ad : 141.11 m ; Area of Mat Slab
Considering Equal Distributed Load qd :
2
qd : 300 kN/m
Nd : 42333 kN ; Total Load Nd = qd ・Ad

Bottom of Fdn：GL- 6.42 m Location/ Borehole No. : 3 R/B

Soil Bot. Level d z Ncor σz Eo SE
No.
Mark GL(m) (m) (m) Value kN/m 2 (kN/m 2) (cm)
▽GL± 0 mm
0 SG -6.42 0.00 46 300.00 33100 0.000
1 SG -8.00 1.58 0.79 46 263.44 33100 1.144
2 SG -10.00 2.00 2.58 46 201.89 33100 1.110
3 SG -12.00 2.00 4.58 46 155.63 33100 0.856
4 SG -14.00 2.00 6.58 46 123.66 33100 0.680
5 SG -16.00 2.00 8.58 46 100.64 33100 0.553
6 SG -18.00 2.00 10.58 46 83.50 33100 0.459
7 SG -20.00 2.00 12.58 46 70.40 33100 0.387

Total Elastic Settlement ：ΣSE = 5.190 cm

Total Load Nd = 42333 kN

Total Elastic Settlement ：ΣSE = 5.190 cm
2
Area of Mat (Ad) = 141.11 m
Vertical Soil Spring：KVS = Nd / ΣS E
= 42333 / 5.190 kN/cm
= 8157.1 kN/cm
Kvs = KVS / A d kN/cm/m 2
= 8,157.10 / 141.11 kN/cm/m 2
Kvs = 57.81 kN/cm/m 2
= 5781 kN/m/m 2
II. CHECK OF CONTACT PRESSURE

Safe Bearing Capacity :

Long Term = 300 kN/m² (From Provided Main Report)
Short Term = 375 kN/m²

a) Bearing Check in Long Term

Load Combination IRC 78 ,706.1.1

Load
Combinatio Vertical
Node Remarks
n
L/C Fy kN/m2
Max Px 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Min Px 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Max Py 1439 551 504.928 Compressive
Min Py 3203 551 -20.655 Tensile
Max Pz 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Min Pz 1397 549 491.037 Compressive

Maximum Pressure = 504.928 < 300 ,OK

Ratio= 1.68

b) Bearing Check in Short Term

Load Combination IRC 78 ,706.1.1

Load
Combinatio Vertical
Node Remarks
n
L/C Fy kN/m2
Max Px 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Min Px 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Max Py 1439 563 532.036 Compressive
Min Py 3203 553 -51.453 Tensile
Max Pz 1397 549 491.037 Compressive
Min Pz 1397 549 491.037 Compressive

Maximum Pressure = 532.036 < ,OK

Ratio= 1.42

Note : There is uplift; need to check overturning.

 III. Check of Overturning

Mat

Abutment
Y X
Z
Since the highlighted footing is the most critical in overturning for footing type Mat the calculation shown for the
check of overturning is for the highlighted footing.

For the check of overturning, resisting moments and overturning moments are calculated at reference point "O".
Reference point O = Node 1439
xo = 0.00 m
zo = 13.70 m

13700
Reference Point MAT

10300
Y X
Z

Fy P
Reaction Design
Mx Mox Force Force
Fx Hx
Fy P
Mz Moz Fx -Hx
Fz Hz Fz -Hz

Reaction Force Design Force Mox = - Mx + P*z i + Hz*(D f /2)

Moz = - Mz + P*x i + Hx*(D f /2)

Moments about point "O" are calculated for each primary load in each node "i" of subgrade as :
Mx = ∑[Fyi * (zo-zi) - Fzi * (Df/2)]
Mz = ∑[-Fyi * (xo-xi) + Fxi * (Df/2)]
where,
Mx, Mz = Moments about X-axis and Z-axis about point "O".
Fxi, Fyi, Fzi = Reaction forces at node "i"
xo, zo = Co-ordinates of reference node 1439
xi, zi = Co-ordinates of node "i"
Df = Depth of foundation = 2.00 m
 Moments Mx and Mz calculated about reference node 1439 are tabulated below :

Primary Load Case Mx, kNm Mz, kNm Load Type

1 DEAD LOAD -123549.41 -86058.64 DL
2 WEARING COAT LOAD, WC 0.00 0.00 WC
3 LIVE LOAD , LL1 -11533.24 -2977.46 LL1
4 LIVE LOAD , LL2 0.00 0.00 LL2
5 WIND LOAD, WL -1628.55 -554.11 WL
6 TEMPERATURE RISE LOAD, TLR -398.93 -263.65 TLR
7 TEMPERATURE FALL LOAD, TLF -398.93 -263.65 TLF
8 HORIZONTAL SEISMIC LOAD, E-X 2.98 13394.44 E-X
9 HORIZONTAL SEISMIC LOAD, E+Z 19397.78 -0.18 E+Z
10 VERTICAL DOWN WARD SEISMIC LOAD, E-Y 14267.20 9957.52 -Y
11 EARTH PRESSURE LOAD,EP -134829.67 -111473.78 EP
12 WAVE AND WATER PRESSURE LOAD,WP -0.46 52147.79 ,WP
13 WATER CURRENT LOAD,WCL 0.00 0.00 WCL
14 UPLIFT LOAD,UPL 39663.36 28040.53 UPL
15 SURCHARGE LOAD,SL -4239.21 553.77 SL
16 HYDRODYNAMIC LOAD,HL 0.00 0.00 ,HL
17 EARTH PRESSURE IN SEISMIC ,EPS -134822.87 -119507.03 EPS

For overturning about Z-direction :

Factor of safety Remarks

Load Combination Resisting Moment Overturning Moment = Mrz / Moz
Mrz, kNm Moz, kNm
101 262774.43 106926.75 2.46 >2; OK
Long Term
102 258308.23 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
103 262064.78 106926.75 2.45 >2; OK
104 258640.70 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
105 261890.51 106926.75 2.45 >2; OK
106 258466.42 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
107 262896.17 106926.75 2.46 >2; OK
108 258429.98 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
Basic
109 262186.52 106926.75 2.45 >2; OK
Combination
110 258762.44 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
111 262093.42 106926.75 2.45 >2; OK
112 258669.33 106926.75 2.42 >2; OK
113 193229.49 52147.79 3.71 >2; OK
114 199897.35 80188.32 2.49 >2; OK
115 197664.25 80188.32 2.47 >2; OK
116 198259.74 80188.32 2.47 >2; OK
117 197664.25 80188.32 2.47 >2; OK
118 199964.98 80188.32 2.49 >2; OK
119 197731.89 80188.32 2.47 >2; OK
Accidental
120 198327.38 80188.32 2.47 >2; OK
Combination
121 197532.42 80188.32 2.46 >2; OK
122 197532.42 52147.79 3.79 >2; OK
123 210596.00 104760.86 2.01 >2; OK
124 210000.51 104760.86 2.00 >2; OK
125 210663.64 104760.86 2.01 > 1.5; OK
126 210068.14 104760.86 2.01 > 1.5; OK
127 210596.19 90696.70 2.32 > 1.5; OK
128 210000.70 90696.70 2.32 > 1.5; OK
129 210663.83 90696.70 2.32 > 1.5; OK
130 210068.34 90696.70 2.32 > 1.5; OK
131 210596.00 101152.10 2.08 > 1.5; OK
132 210000.51 101152.10 2.08 > 1.5; OK
133 210663.64 101152.10 2.08 > 1.5; OK
134 210068.14 101152.10 2.08 > 1.5; OK
135 210596.00 95799.09 2.20 > 1.5; OK
Seismic During 136 210000.51 95799.09 2.19 > 1.5; OK
Service 137 210663.64 95799.09 2.20 > 1.5; OK
138 210068.14 95799.09 2.19 > 1.5; OK
139 210596.19 81734.93 2.58 > 1.5; OK
140 210000.70 81734.93 2.57 > 1.5; OK
 141 210663.83 81734.93 2.58 > 1.5; OK
142 210068.34 81734.93 2.57 > 1.5; OK
143 210596.00 71279.54 2.95 > 1.5; OK
144 210000.51 71279.54 2.95 > 1.5; OK
145 210663.64 71279.54 2.96 > 1.5; OK
146 210068.14 71279.54 2.95 > 1.5; OK
147 210595.96 92474.59 2.28 > 1.5; OK
148 210000.47 92474.59 2.27 > 1.5; OK
149 210663.59 92474.59 2.28 > 1.5; OK
150 210068.10 92474.59 2.27 > 1.5; OK
151 210596.05 85442.51 2.46 > 1.5; OK
152 210000.56 85442.51 2.46 > 1.5; OK
153 210663.69 85442.51 2.47 > 1.5; OK
154 210068.20 85442.51 2.46 > 1.5; OK
155 210595.96 90670.21 2.32 > 1.5; OK
156 210000.47 90670.21 2.32 > 1.5; OK
157 210663.59 90670.21 2.32 > 1.5; OK
158 210068.10 90670.21 2.32 > 1.5; OK
159 210595.96 87993.71 2.39 > 1.5; OK
Seismic During 160 210000.47 87993.71 2.39 > 1.5; OK
Construction 161 210663.59 87993.71 2.39 > 1.5; OK
162 210068.10 87993.71 2.39 > 1.5; OK
163 210596.05 80961.63 2.60 > 1.5; OK
164 210000.56 80961.63 2.59 > 1.5; OK
165 210663.69 80961.63 2.60 > 1.5; OK
166 210068.20 80961.63 2.59 > 1.5; OK
167 210595.96 75733.93 2.78 > 1.5; OK
168 210000.47 75733.93 2.77 > 1.5; OK
169 210663.59 75733.93 2.78 > 1.5; OK
170 210068.10 75733.93 2.77 > 1.5; OK
IV. CHECK OF SETTLEMENT

Allowable Settlement , s = 50.00 mm

a. Elastic Settlement

Load Combination IRC 6 ,2017 ( Quasi Permanent)

Load : 389 To 392

Horizontal Vertical
Node L/C
X mm Y mm
Max X 1397 389 0.00 -85.73
Min X 1 389 -124.14 -50.10
Max Y 3245 389 0.00 -4.93
Min Y 1418 389 0.00 -85.74
Max Z 1392 389 -122.76 -50.05
Min Z 1360 389 -122.76 -50.05

Total elastic settlement (S E) = 85.74 mm >50mm, NG

 V. SLIDING CHECK

F= ΣW･μ / ΣH ≧1.250 for all load condition

Where, μ : 0.50 Friction coefficient between concrete and soil
ΣW : Total vertical force (kN)
ΣH : Total horizontal force (kN)
F : Factor of safety

Load Combination IRC:6, Table B.1

Load N Fx Fz ΣN･μ ΣH
F Remarks
Comb (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN)
Fx Max 101 46374.81 13896.45 -77.50 23187.41 13896.67 1.67 ＞ 1.250 O.K.
Fx Min 168 34421.16 5717.89 -591.02 17210.58 5748.35 2.99 ＞ 1.250 O.K.
Fy Max 101 46374.81 13896.45 -77.50 23187.41 13896.67 1.67 ＞ 1.250 O.K.
Fy Min 132 29734.65 6297.74 -1183.70 14867.33 6408.02 2.32 ＞ 1.250 O.K.
Fz Max 113 36816.95 8209.06 0.05 18408.48 8209.06 2.24 ＞ 1.250 O.K.
Fz Min 140 33796.14 6297.78 -3946.62 16898.07 7432.22 2.27 ＞ 1.250 O.K.