Igor Naming Guide June 2021P
Igor Naming Guide June 2021P
Igor Naming Guide June 2021P
The key is to find a fresh way into the hearts and minds of your customers,
redefine and own the conversation in your space, and engage people on as
many levels as possible.
1
Step One: Create a Job Description for the Name
Qualifications:
Responsibilities:
Page 2 of 26
• Create a positive and lasting engagement with your audience.
• Provide a deep well of marketing and advertising images.
• Be the genesis of a brand that rises above the goods and services
you provide, so that you're not selling a commodity and/or competing
on price.
• Be unforgettable.
When descriptive names don't work: When they are company names.
Company names that are descriptive are asked to perform only one task:
explaining to the world the business that you are in. This is an unnecessary
and counterproductive choice.
Page 3 of 26
Brand/Branding Companies Name/Naming Companies
Page 4 of 26
2. Invented Product & Corporation Names
There are basically two types of invented names for products or
corporations:
The upside:
The downside:
The upside:
Page 5 of 26
The downside:
The upside:
The downside:
Page 6 of 26
• Their over-usage makes them less effective in the long run. The
similarity in tone of these names across an industry is indicative of
similarities in positioning. As web portal names, Explorer,
Navigator, Safari and Magellan are all saying exactly the same
things in exactly the same ways to exactly the same people.
Consequently, they aren't pulling any weight when it comes to
differentiating a brand.
RideCharge= Functional
Lyft = Experiential
Uber = Evocative
The upside:
Page 7 of 26
The downside:
• When created out of sync with brand positioning, it's an ugly mess.
• Because evocative product and company names are created to
compliment positioning rather than goods and services, they are
the toughest type of names to get corporate approval for, being a
bit of an abstraction for those outside the marketing department.
Competitive Analysis
A competitive analysis is an essential early step in any naming process.
How are your competitors positioning themselves? What types of names
are common among them? Are their names projecting a similar attitude?
Do their similarities offer you a huge opportunity to stand out from the
crowd? How does your business or product differ from the competition?
Can you change and own the conversation in your industry? Should you?
Page 8 of 26
Airline Competitive Taxonomy
5 Virgin 5
Ted
4 JetBlue 4
Jazz
Hooters
3 Aloha 3
Olympic
Go Song
2 Qantas* 2
Zip Frontier
Midway
Trans World
Pan American
Delta
Continental
0 United 0
American
Alaska
AeroMexico
Air France
British Airways
Northwest
Southwest
U.S. Airways
-1 -1
Eastern
America West
World Airways
Express Jet
ValueJet
-2 -2
AirJet
EasyJet
Page 9 of 26
Project Workflow Competitive Taxonomy
5 Slack 5
4 Basecamp Hive 4
3 GoPlan 5pm 3
Daylight
2 2
Huddle
Davinci
1 1
Merlin
Access FocalPoint
AceProject
AchievePlanner
Action Item Manager
Active Collab
Liquidplanner
MS project
ProTasker
ProWorkflow
ProWorkflow
Project Bubble
Project Cloud
Project Insight
0 0
ProjectManager.com
ProjectOpen
Projectplace
TeamWork Live
WORKetc
Work by Planbox
WorkOtter
Workbook
WorkflowMax
Workfront
Workgroups
Workspace
WorkZone
Accelo
Acheivelt
Acunote
-1 -1
Advanseez
Asana
Attask
Page 10 of 26
SUV Competitive Taxonomy
This chart of SUV names reveals a singular positioning strategy that permeates most of
the brand names, resulting in the bulk of them being assigned low marks. It's not that
the names themselves are poor, it's because the names don't help to differentiate one
vehicle from another; most of them are variations on the same themes (rugged,
outdoorsy) and not pulling any marketing weight. Why does Suburban rate an elevated
position? Because it's the most refreshingly different and honest name in its category.
5 Jeep Suburban 5
4 4
3 3
Hummer
2 Jackaroo Element 2
Jeepster
Amigo Avalanche
1 Xterra Aviator Cayenne 1
Sidekick Safari
Blazer
Discovery
Defender
Escape Armada
Excursion Frontier
Land Cruiser
Expedition Highlander
Overland
Explorer Matrix
Range Rover
0 Unimog Forester Passport 0
Pathfinder
Freelander Samurai
TrailBlazer
Mountaineer Silverado
Travelall
Navigator Tundra
Scout Typhoon
Tracker
Trooper
Wrangler
Envoy Aztek
4Runner Grand Vitara Liberty Bordeux
-1 -1
Rav4 Korando Rendezvous Bronco
Tribute Cherokee
Page 11 of 26
Comanche
Durango
Kahuna
Montana
Montero
Murano
Navaho
Rainier
Rodeo
Santa Fe
Sequoia
Sonoma
Sorento
Tacoma
Tahoe
Touareg
Yukon
CR-V
EVX
EX
LX 470
MDX
Bravada
ML55 Terracross
-2 Escalade Axiom -2
QX4 VehiCROSS
Sportage
SLX
SRX
X5
XC90
XL-7
Page 12 of 26
Positioning
The more specific and nuanced your positioning is, the more effective the
name will be. All great names work in concert with the positioning of the
business or product they speak for. The best positioning finds a way to
reinvigorate or change the conversation that an industry has been having
with its consumers.
For instance, the company that became Apple needed to distance itself
from the cold, unapproachable, complicated imagery created by the other
computer companies at the time that had names like IBM, NEC, DEC,
ADPAC, Cincom, Dylakor, Input, Integral Systems, Sperry Rand, SAP,
PSDI, Syncsort, and Tesseract.
The name “Apple” doesn’t convey the entire positioning and in effect is
counter to “cutting-edge design with an upscale price”. That’s over.
Of course, once they had a clear positioning platform in place, there were
still hundreds of potential names for the new company to consider. The
process for finding that one perfect name is detailed in the next section.
Page 13 of 26
NAMING TOOLS
Evocative Name Filters
One of the keys to successful company and product naming is
understanding exactly how your audience will interact with a new name.
Creating a filter that evaluates names in the same way that your target
market will is essential to both creating the best name possible and to
getting that name approved and implemented by your company. Since an
evocative name is one of the toughest to develop and obtain buy-in for,
we've detailed one of the necessary filters here.
The biggest challenge that evocative names face in surviving a naming
exercise is the fact that they portray the positioning of a company or
product rather than the goods and services or the experience of those
goods and services. Unless everyone understands the positioning and the
correlation between it and an evocative name, this is the type of feedback
that evocative names will generate:
Slack
lululemon
Page 14 of 26
Virgin Air
Hotwire
Oracle
• Unscientific
• Unreliable
• Only foretold death and destruction
• Only fools put their faith in an Oracle
• Sounds like "orifice" – people will make fun of us
Clearly, the public doesn't think about names in this fashion, but internal
naming committees almost always do. Getting a committee to acknowledge
this difference and to interact as the public does by evaluating evocative
names based on their positioning is the next step:
Virgin
Oracle
Page 15 of 26
• Qualities: Self-propelling, Connects Emotionally, Personality, Deep
Well.
Slack
Hotwire
Name Evaluation
When considering potential names for your company, product or service, it
is vital that the process be kept as objective as possible, and that
subjective personal responses to names, such as "I like it" or I don't like it"
or "I don't like it because it reminds me of an old girlfriend/boyfriend" are
exactly that – subjective and personal, and have no bearing on whether or
not a potential name will actually work in the marketplace as a powerful
brand that supports all your positioning goals.
All well and good, but clients often ask us to be more specific, to explain
objectively just what makes a name work. With that in mind, we created a
straightforward way to dissect potential names into the following nine
categories to make it easier to understand why name work or don't work,
and to more easily weigh the pros and cons of one name versus another:
Distinctive – Being distinctive is only one element that goes into making a
name memorable, but it is a required element, since if a name is not
distinct from a sea of similar names it will not be memorable.
Page 16 of 26
Depth – Layer upon layer of meaning and association. Names with great
depth never reveal all they have to offer all at once but keep surprising you
with new ideas.
Energy – How vital and full of life is the name? Does it have buzz? Can it
carry an ad campaign on its shoulders? Is it a force to be reckoned with?
These are all aspects of a name’s energy level.
"33" – The force of brand magic, and the word-of-mouth buzz that a name
is likely to generate. Refers to the mysterious "33" printed on the back of
Rolling Rock beer bottles that everybody talks about because nobody is
really sure what it means. "33" is that certain something that makes people
lean forward and want to learn more about a brand, and to want to share
the brand with others.
Page 17 of 26
Do an A.S.S Count
Half your team champions Apple and the other half love the name
Strawberry. The names couldn't be more similar, so why not flip a coin and
move on? The Chief Obfuscation Officer calls for a month of testing,
reliably in the unreliable form of crowdsourcing or focus groups. At which
point you play the hero, jumping in and shouting, "I demand an A.S.S. test!"
- an ASSOCIATIONS + SLOGANS SCORE test.
Page 18 of 26
Apple
Strawberry
• Strawberry Fields
• Strawberry shortcake
• Strawberry blonde
Sometimes the positioning of the name you’re looking for is simply a single
big idea - an iconic, definitive name that captures the imagination.
This was the case for a B2B software startup we named, so the first and
winning tactic was to find a name that had the most cultural connections
that were really big ideas.
Page 19 of 26
The clear winner was Seven:
• Seven wonders of the world.
• Seven musical notes.
• Seven seas.
• Seven days a week.
• Seven continents.
• Seven deadly sins.
• Seven virtues.
• Seven colors of the rainbow.
• Seven chakras.
• Seven years of bad luck.
• Seven visible planets.
• Seven heavens.
• Seven dwarfs.
• Seven samurai.
• On the seventh day god rested.
• Lucky number seven.
Of course, there are many more, but you get the idea. Before we presented
Seven to our client, we needed to determine if Seven could possibly be
trademarked around the world, given the 700,000+ trademarked software
names globally. We came up with a strategy, and Seven is trademarked
worldwide. The ability to legally finesse a name like Seven is critical,
because naming is not simply about finding the best name for the job, it's
about finding the best name for the job that you can legally use.
Apple vs. Strawberry isn't a fair fight. But it's not always so lopsided. If the
A.S. portion of the test doesn't produce a winner, move on to Slogans. Put
two names side by side and see which inspires the most taglines that play
off the name.
None of the taglines anyone can remember actually play off the company
name, they're too expected and make the name one dimensional. Imagine,
"Virgin, A Brand New Experience" or "Apple, Easy as Pie". Deadly. But the
exercise does reveal the power, connectivity and relevance of an
unexpected name. Let's say you're naming a creative agency and a leading
name contender is:
Page 20 of 26
Igor
Page 21 of 26
Don’t Fall for the Happy Idiot
If you’ve seen The Sting or an Ocean’s movie you know every con game
has a name. The Happy Idiot, as it’s known in professional naming circles,
is the reason ninety percent of agencies produce ineffective, forgettable
names that are a money sucking drag on your branding, marketing and
sales efforts.
It’s called The Happy Idiot because an agency deliberately delivers a name
that’s a liability to a smiling client who’s happy with the result.
The Happy Idiot was designed to be the fastest, smoothest route to client
buy-in on a name, with the least amount of effort by the agency.
The first step to protecting yourself is learning to spot The Happy Idiot.
Page 22 of 26
To illustrate each, we’ll use actual names and case studies created by a
single naming agency.
Mirvie
“Mirvie is a rich coining that draws on several Romance languages: Mira
means “objective” in Italian, “purpose” or “look!” in Spanish, and the
feminine form of “wonderful” in Latin. Vie is “life” in French and “means” or
“paths” in Italian. Mirvie suggests the wonder of pregnancy, a means to
your objective, and lifesaving, targeted insights”
Page 23 of 26
Is it possible the naming agency believes, “Mirvie suggests the wonder of
pregnancy, a means to your objective, and lifesaving, targeted insights”?
Depends on what they’re smoking. What matters is the client believes
it. Nobody objects, a positive meaning was established by an expert no
one feels qualified to argue with, job done! Client is happy.
Invented words have their place in naming, but their rationale cannot be
morphemic pretzel logic based on multiple languages foreign to the
audience. An invented name has to work on its own, without explanation, in
the context of the company or product it represents: Neoverse, Ventrix. The
only exceptions are names of pharmaceuticals and chemicals, where
global regulations prohibit rational names.
Ikena
“Ikena, a Hawaiian word meaning “vista, perspective, knowledge.” The
name also recalls “I ken” (an older English word for “know”) and “I can”
The Happy Idiot and Happy Idiot with a Passport both reveal an
essential naming truth: having a meaning doesn’t make a name
meaningful. Ikena has a meaning but is meaningless unless you
speak Hawaiian. Mirvie’s morphemes may have meaning, but Mirvie is
meaningless to everyone. Which is why in our opinion, both naming
approaches are scams. They’re nothing more than a sales pitch to a
client to end a project.
Page 24 of 26
Foreign language names can make reasonable brand names, but they
have to work based on their look, sound and personality. Their “meaning” is
irrelevant to anyone who doesn’t speak the language.
Combining these wallflowers has gifted six different clients of this one
agency with these six names:
Bridgescape
Bridgespan
Everbridge
Flybridge
Gainbridge
PSI Bridge
Page 25 of 26
Takeaways
• When an agency rolls out morphemic rationale, you’re being
played.
• When an agency tries to sell you on a meaning in a language
unfamiliar to your customers, you’re being played.
• When an agency takes the path of least resistance by presenting
pairings of white noise words, you’re being sold a Wallflower.
Page 26 of 26