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    MATH2015-5A-M-Bernoulli Differential Equations

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    Ali Ali
    Bernoulli differential equations can be written in the form dy/dx + p(x)y = q(x)y^n where n ≠ 1,0. To solve, make the substitution u = y^(1-n) to convert it to a linear differential equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving specific Bernoulli differential equations using this substitution technique. Exercises are included for the reader to practice solving additional examples. Applications to chemical reaction rates are discussed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    MATH2015-5A-M-Bernoulli Differential Equations

    Uploaded by

    Ali Ali
    39 views13 pages
    Bernoulli differential equations can be written in the form dy/dx + p(x)y = q(x)y^n where n ≠ 1,0. To solve, make the substitution u = y^(1-n) to convert it to a linear differential equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving specific Bernoulli differential equations using this substitution technique. Exercises are included for the reader to practice solving additional examples. Applications to chemical reaction rates are discussed.

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    Bernoulli differential equations can be written in the form dy/dx + p(x)y = q(x)y^n where n ≠ 1,0. To solve, make the substitution u = y^(1-n) to convert it to a linear differential equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving specific Bernoulli differential equations using this substitution technique. Exercises are included for the reader to practice solving additional examples. Applications to chemical reaction rates are discussed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views13 pages

    MATH2015-5A-M-Bernoulli Differential Equations

    Uploaded by

    Ali Ali
    Bernoulli differential equations can be written in the form dy/dx + p(x)y = q(x)y^n where n ≠ 1,0. To solve, make the substitution u = y^(1-n) to convert it to a linear differential equation. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving specific Bernoulli differential equations using this substitution technique. Exercises are included for the reader to practice solving additional examples. Applications to chemical reaction rates are discussed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Abu Dhabi polytechnic

    ASD

    MATH2015:Applied Mathematics

    Bernoulli Differential Equations with it is applications

    Prepared by :Mwaffag Sharadga

    1
    Bernoulli Differential Equation
    • A Bernoulli differential equation can be written in the following form:
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    + 𝑝𝑝(𝑥𝑥)𝑦𝑦 = 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥)𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛 where 𝑛𝑛 ≠ 1, n ≠ 0 (the equation is thus nonlinear).
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

    To find the solution, change the dependent variable from y to u , were


    𝑢𝑢 = 𝑦𝑦 1−𝑛𝑛
    That gives a differential equation in x and u that is linear and can
    be solved using the integrating factor method

    Note: Dividing the above standard form by 𝑦𝑦 𝑛𝑛 gives

    1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    𝑛𝑛 + 𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 1−𝑛𝑛 = 𝑄𝑄 𝑥𝑥
    𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    𝑖𝑖. 𝑒𝑒 𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑄𝑄 𝑥𝑥
    1 − 𝑛𝑛 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

    2
    Bernoulli Differential Equation
    • Bernoulli differential equation is solved using

    𝑢𝑢 = 𝑦𝑦 1−𝑛𝑛

    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    = 1 − 𝑛𝑛 𝑦𝑦 −𝑛𝑛
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    = . Chain rule
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    • Substitute 𝑢𝑢 and into the equation and convert it to a linear DEQ.
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    • Solve the linear DEQ.

    3
    In this section,
    y′+p(x)y=q(x)yny′+p(x)y=q(x)ynwhere p(x)p(x) and q(x)q(x) are continuous functions on the interval
    we’re working on and nn is a real number. Differential equations in this form are called Bernoulli
    Equations.
    First notice that if n=0n=0 or n=1n=1 then the equation is linear, and we already know how to solve it
    in these cases. Therefore, in this section we’re going to be looking at solutions for values of nn other
    than these two.
    In order to solve these, we’ll first divide the differential equation by ynyn to get,
    y−ny′+p(x)y1−n=q(x)y−ny′+p(x)y1−n=q(x)We are now going to use the substitution v=y1−nv=y1−n to
    convert this into a differential equation in terms of vv. As we’ll see this will lead to a differential
    equation that we can solve.

    4
    Full worked example
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑦𝑦
    • Solve the ODE: + = 𝑦𝑦 2
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑥𝑥

    5
    Full worked example

    6
    Examples
    1
    • Example 1: Solve the ODE: 𝑦𝑦 ′ − 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2
    𝑥𝑥

    1 −5 2 3
    • Example 2: Solve the ODE: 𝑦𝑦 ′ − 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦
    𝑥𝑥 2

    1
    • Example 3: Solve the ODE: 𝑦𝑦 ′ + 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 4
    3

    7
    Exercises
    • Exercise 1: Solve the DEQ.

    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
    𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 3
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

    • Exercise 2: Solve the DEQ.

    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 2
    + 𝑦𝑦 = −𝑥𝑥 2 cos𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 2
    𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑥𝑥

    8
    Applications of Bernoulli Differential Equations
    Example:
    The rate of change of concentration in a chemical reaction,𝑅𝑅′ 𝑡𝑡 is the sum of the following two functions:
    M(t) and N(t). If the initial concentration R(1) = 0.
    Find the general solution for the concentration.
    The functions M(t) and N(t) are given by 𝑀𝑀 𝑡𝑡 = 𝑅𝑅 𝑡𝑡 , 𝑁𝑁 𝑡𝑡 = −𝑅𝑅 𝑡𝑡
    𝑡𝑡

    9
    10
    11
    12
    13

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