Impulse and Momentum Module

INTRODUCTION
Have you ever experienced riding a motorcycle or a car on a muddy road? What
do you observe about the speed of the motorcycle/car? Did it slow down or speed up?
In this lesson, we will know the science concepts behind it.
In this module, you will learn about the principles applied to collision of objects
which includes the following lessons:
Lesson 1: Impulse and Momentum
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
1. Define impulse, indicate its units and relate its significance to a culture.
LESSON 1: IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
We discussed projectile motion in the previous section. At this point,

You already know how to describe the motions and relationships of a projectile's
components. Suppose you play basketball with your friends. What will happen to the
ball if it hits the board instead of inside the ring? How about if you bump into another
player that is bigger than you? These questions will be answered as you go along with
the module.
LET’S TRY THIS!
Instruction: Read the words in the WORD BOX. Can you find all the words hidden in
the puzzle? Circle each word you find. You might find the words spelled across, down,
and diagonally. The words might be spelled forward or backward
F A T I M E R M I
O D E M H V G A S
R U Z P O E L S T
C A L U P T E S X
E V E L O C I T Y
N O I S I L L O C
M O M E N T U M N
Velocity Impulse Mass Collision
Motion Momentum Time Force

MOMENTUM
Momentum can be defined as "mass in motion." All objects have mass; so if an

object is moving, then it has momentum - it has its mass in motion. The amount of
momentum that an object has is dependent upon two variables: how much stuff is
moving and how fast the stuff is moving. Momentum depends upon the variables mass
and velocity. In terms of an equation, the momentum of an object is equal to the mass
of the object times the velocity of the object.
Momentum is a commonly used term in sports. A team that has momentum is on

the move and is going to take some effort to stop. A team that has a lot of momentum is
really on the move and is going to be hard to stop. Momentum is a physics term; it
refers to the quantity of motion that an object has. A sports team that is on the move
has momentum. If an object is in motion (on the move) then it has momentum.
These are the things we need to consider in defining momentum:

a. the object has mass
b. the object is moving
Any moving object with a quantity of matter has momentum. Momentum simply
means "mass in motion." It is equal to the product of mass and velocity.
Mathematically, it is expressed as
p = mv
where:
p is the momentum in kilogram ∙ meter per second (kg ∙ m/s) m is the mass of the
moving object in kilogram (kg) ν refers to velocity of the moving object in meter per
second (m/s).
If any object of any mass is not moving, it has zero momentum since its velocity
is zero.
Let us first consider the situation below and try to answer the given questions.
Suppose you ride a bus from Iligan City to Cagayan de Oro City. What do you
think will happen to the bus after it passes along a curvy road?
a. The bus will slow down.
b. The bus will speed up or move faster.
c. The velocity of the bus will not change.
After passing a curvy road, the bus travels in a straight road. How will you
describe the velocity of the bus?
a. it increases
b. it decreases
c. it does not change at all
There were only 25 passengers in the bus. Along the way, 5 passengers dropped
off at Laguindingan bus stop, and another 4 passengers dropped-off at Opol bus stop.
What can you say about the mass of the bus?
a. it increases
b. it decreases
c. it does not change at all
If your answer (a) the bus slows down on the first question and (a) it increases on
the second, and (b) it decreases on the third question, then all your answers are correct.
Therefore, when the object slows down or moves faster, its velocity decreases or
increases. If there is a change in the velocity or the mass of an object, there is also a
change in momentum. That change of momentum is called Impulse.
Impulse = Change in Momentum

What do you think of the impulse of an object moving with constant momentum?
Constant means there is no change. Therefore, there is no impulse or
zero impulse for objects moving with constant momentum.
ASSESSMENT
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following describes momentum?
a. Mass times its velocity.
b. Force times the time interval.
c. Force times its acceleration.
d. Mass times its acceleration.
2. Which of the following would describe momentum?

a. p=mv
b. p=m/v
c. p=v/t
d. p=F/t
3. Which of these is the quantity of matter in an object?

a. force
b. mass
c. motion
d. time
4. What is impulse?
a. the change in volume of an object.
b. the change in momentum of an object
c. the original momentum of the object.
d. a force applied to an object for a period of time.
5. What is the impulse of an object moving with constant momentum?

a. 0
b. 1
c. the same with momentum
d. none of these
ANSWER KEY

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INTRODUCTION

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

We discussed projectile motion in the previous section. At this point,

Velocity Impulse Mass Collision

Motion Momentum Time Force

Momentum can be defined as "mass in motion." All objects have mass; so if an

Momentum is a commonly used term in sports. A team that has momentum is on

These are the things we need to consider in defining momentum:

Impulse = Change in Momentum

2. Which of the following would describe momentum?

3. Which of these is the quantity of matter in an object?

5. What is the impulse of an object moving with constant momentum?

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