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    Revolt of 1857

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    The Revolt of 1857 was a widespread rebellion against British rule in India that is considered by some as the First War of Independence. The uprising began as a mutiny of sepoys in the British East India Company's army in Meerut, but quickly expanded to involve broader opposition from civilians across large parts of northern and central India. While the revolt failed to expel the British, it marked the beginning of large-scale opposition to colonial rule and sowed seeds of nationalism and anti-imperialism in India. Historians debate the nature and causes of the revolt, with some viewing it as a feudal reaction and others seeing nationalist elements and a struggle against foreign domination.

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    Revolt of 1857

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    Aman Jha
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    The Revolt of 1857 was a widespread rebellion against British rule in India that is considered by some as the First War of Independence. The uprising began as a mutiny of sepoys in the British East India Company's army in Meerut, but quickly expanded to involve broader opposition from civilians across large parts of northern and central India. While the revolt failed to expel the British, it marked the beginning of large-scale opposition to colonial rule and sowed seeds of nationalism and anti-imperialism in India. Historians debate the nature and causes of the revolt, with some viewing it as a feudal reaction and others seeing nationalist elements and a struggle against foreign domination.

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    The Revolt of 1857 was a widespread rebellion against British rule in India that is considered by some as the First War of Independence. The uprising began as a mutiny of sepoys in the British East India Company's army in Meerut, but quickly expanded to involve broader opposition from civilians across large parts of northern and central India. While the revolt failed to expel the British, it marked the beginning of large-scale opposition to colonial rule and sowed seeds of nationalism and anti-imperialism in India. Historians debate the nature and causes of the revolt, with some viewing it as a feudal reaction and others seeing nationalist elements and a struggle against foreign domination.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    79 views7 pages

    Revolt of 1857

    Uploaded by

    Aman Jha
    The Revolt of 1857 was a widespread rebellion against British rule in India that is considered by some as the First War of Independence. The uprising began as a mutiny of sepoys in the British East India Company's army in Meerut, but quickly expanded to involve broader opposition from civilians across large parts of northern and central India. While the revolt failed to expel the British, it marked the beginning of large-scale opposition to colonial rule and sowed seeds of nationalism and anti-imperialism in India. Historians debate the nature and causes of the revolt, with some viewing it as a feudal reaction and others seeing nationalist elements and a struggle against foreign domination.

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    of 7

    DYAL SINGH COLLEGE

    University Of Delhi
    Paper - History of India - VI [C.1750-1857]
    HOI - VI Assignment

    TOPIC-

    Discuss the nature of the Revolt of 1857.


    Was it the First war of Independence?

    Submitted By: Submitted To:

    Jyoti Kumari
    21/85098 Dr. Hari Narayan Sahu
    BA (Hons) History Dept.
    History Dyal Singh College
    Semester IV University of Delhi
    Section A
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    1

    ASSIGNMENT

    Question:
    Discuss the nature of the revolt of 1857. Was it the
    first war of independence?

    Answer:
    Revolt of 1857
    There was a significant rebellion against British rule in 1857
    known as Revolt, Indian Mutiny, or First War of
    Independence.The 1857 uprising was widespread even if it
    failed. For the British crown, the British East India Company
    served as a sovereign power in India.Regarding the initial
    eruption of hatred and wrath resulting from the pervasive
    discontent towards the British, the Revolt of 1857 was a
    stepping stone.
    In the garrison town of Meerut, on May 10, 1857, sepoys of
    the company's army staged a mutiny, signalling the start of
    the uprising. The Revolt of 1857 is regarded as the first
    instance of concerted opposition against the British East
    India Company.
    Even though the uprising began as a sepoy rebellion, the
    Indian populace overwhelmingly supported it. The uprising
    included peasants,artisans and members of other
    communities and religions. For the benefit of others, the East
    India Company's troops gave their lives. In this uprising,
    everyone joined forces and battled as one.
    2
    Nature of the Revolt
    Views differ on the nature of the 1857 revolt.It was a mere 'Sepoy
    Mutiny' to some British historians--- "a wholly unpatriotic and
    selfish Sepoy Mutiny' with no native leadership and no popular
    support", said Sir John Seeley. However,that is not a complete
    picture of the event as it involved many sections of the civillian
    population and not just the sepoys. The discontent of the sepoys
    was just one cause of the disturbance.
    Dr K. Datta considers the Revolt of 1857 to have been "in the
    main a military outbreak, which was taken advantage of by
    certain discontented princes and landlords whose interests had
    been affected by the new political order". The last mentioned
    factor give it an aura of popular uprising in certain areas. It was
    "never all-Indian in character, but was localised, restricted, and
    poorly organised". Further, says Datta, the movement was
    marked by absence of cohesion and unity of purpose among
    the various sections of the rebels.
    It was at the beginning of the 20th century that the 1857 revolt
    came to be interpreted as a "planned war of national
    independence" , by V.D Savarkar in his book, The Indian War of
    Independence, 1857. Savarkar called the revolt the first war of
    Indian independence. He said it was inspired by the lofty ideal of
    self rule by Indians through a nationalist upsurge. Dr S.N Sen in
    his Eighteen Fifty- Seven considers the revolt as having begun as
    a fight for religion but ending as a war of independence.

    Dr. R.C. Majumdar , however, considers it as neither the first, nor


    national, nor a war of independence as large parts of the country
    of the country remained unaffected and many sections of the
    people took no part in the upsurge.
    3
    According to some Marxists historians, the 1857 revolt was
    "the struggle of the soldier-peasant democratic combine
    against foreign as well as feudal bondage". However, this view
    can be questioned in the light of the fact that the leaders of
    the revolt themselves came from a feudal background.
    Jawaharlal Nehru considered the revolt of 1857 as essentially a
    feudal uprising though there were some nationalistic elements
    in it (Discovery of India). M.N Roy felt the revolt was a
    last-ditch stand of feudalism against commercial capitalism.
    R.P Dutt also saw the significance of the revolt of peasantry
    against foreign domination even as he acknowledged it to be a
    defence of the old feudal order.

    The revolt of 1857 is not easy to categorise. While one can easily
    dismiss some views such as those of L.E.R. Rees, who considered
    it to be a war of fanatic religionists against Christians, or T.R.
    Holmes, who saw it in a conflict between civilisation and
    barbarism, one cannot quite go so far as accept it as a war for
    independence. It had seeds far as to accept it as a war for
    independence. It had seeds of nationalism and anti-imperialism,
    but the concept of common nationality and nationhood was not
    inherent to the revolt of 1857.
    It is doubtful if the separate communities that participated in
    the revolt did so because they felt a common nationhood.
    Furthermore, what of the southern section which was not a
    part of the revolt? Each of the leaders had a personal cause for
    revolting; each had a personal interest to protect. However, as
    Dr Sen points out, national revolutions are mostly the work of
    a minority, with or without the active support of the masses.
    Fron that point, the 1857 rebellion can claim a national
    character.
    4
    BIBLIOGRAPHY

    ‣ Rajiv Ahir - A Brief History Of Modern India


    ‣ R.C. Majumdar - The Sepoy Mutiny and the Revolt of
    1857
    ‣ Rudrangshu Mukherjee - Awadh in Revolt, 1857-1858
    (A Study of Popular Resistance)
    ‣ Sashi Bhushan Chaudhari - Civil Rebellion in the
    Indian Mutinies (1857-18589)
    ‣ Sekhar Bandyopadhyay - From Plassey to Partition: A
    History of Modern India
    ‣ Notes by Dr. Hari Narayan Sahu
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